abstract expressionism1
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ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
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Started in New York in the 40’s and 50’s
Cultivated through:Expressionism Social RealismRegionalist Surrealism
Developed in the context of overlapping diverse sources and inspirations
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Artists used their paintings to reveal their subconscious without a specific subject in mind
Genuinely free and loosely structured
Gave artists liberty to convey attitudes and emotions
An approach to modernism/post-modernism
Non-traditional art
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Unifying theme of shapes, lines, and forms meant to create
Unifying factor for artists was exploration of the avant garde of abstraction
Declaration of personal freedom
“To understand Abstract Expressionism, one must understand the crisis of war and its aftermath.” (Warner Hammersting, 1998)
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A movement of the mid 20th century comprising diverse styles and techniques and emphasizing non tradtional means.
Two main concepts:Energetic gestures (action painting)Open fields of color
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Action Painting Uses impulsive gestures to splatter paint onto the canvas
The artist would drip or pour paint directly onto the canvas
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Harnessed large canvases to the floor and used abnormal tools like sticks and knives to spread paint throughout the entire canvas.
Jackson Pollock was considered to be the creator of the action drip painting
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Jackson Pollock Born in Wyoming
Had four siblings who all became artists
Thomas Hart Benton, a realist, introduced him to non-objective painting
David Alfaro Siqueiros introduced him to large scale paintins as well as the drip and paint technique
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Number 8, 1949 (detail) 1949 (280 Kb)
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Lavender Mist: Number 1, 1950
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Full Fathom Five; 1947
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Color Fields Focuses on the shape and color.
Artists would use the basic elements as a means of expression
They have no focal point
Emphasizes the flatness of the canvas
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This technique is very simple
Pressures audience to explore the deeper emotions the artist put into the canvas
The overlapping areas of flat color create tension
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Mark Rothko Born in Dvinsk, Russia
Moved to New York and enrolled in the Art Student League
Was introduced to expressionism in the 1920’s
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Violet, Black, Orange, Yellow on White and Red; 1949
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Slow Swirl at the Edge of the Sea Mark Rothko-1944
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Four Darks in Red, 1958.
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Willem De Kooning Born in Rotterdam
Dutch American abstract expressionist
Known for pure abstractions of human figure and landscape
“The attitude that nature is chaotic and that the artist puts order into it is a very absurd point of view, I think. All that we can hope for is to put some order into ourselves. ” — Willem de Kooning
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Woman III, 1953
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Woman V, 1953
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Gotham News, 1955
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Lee Krasner Born in Brooklyn, New York
Known for cutting apart drawings to create collages
Small surviving body of work
Wife of Krasner
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Noon, 1947
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White Squares
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Impact Started abstract canvas phase
Painting have people something to relate to
Moved away from “contained art” concept
Moved focus from Europe to America