abstracts - eperc-aisbl.eu abstracts.pdf · this is the case of the pressure equipment directive...

ABSTRACTS

INDEX

Codes & Standards Session

A. Veroni Asme International Working Group Italy: a real opportunity to directly interact with the Code for BPV…………………………………………………………………………………………..…. pag. 1

J. Labrador, C. Mahler, G. Gobbi Asme Pc Ande-1 The Future of Quality Ndt Personnel Certification……………………….... pag. 2

G. Catalano Design of Hdpe buried piping according Asme III Appendix XXVI…………………………… pag. 3

G. L. Scribner National Board Inspection Code Presentation Summary……………………………………… pag. 4

F. Lidonnici Pressure Vessel Standards giving presumption of conformity with the Pressure Equipment Directive comparison between Asme Section VIII and En 13445……………………………. pag. 5

Degradation mechanisms Session

A. Alvino, L. Campanile, A. Antonini, C. Mennuti, A. Tonti A brief review of existing methodologies for damage evaluation and remaining life assessment in reformer furnace tubes………………………………………………………….. pag. 6

J. Rudolph, M. Kramer, M. Triay, R. Trieglaff, R. Gawlick, Y. Simonet, P. Rohart, G. Baylac Recent revision of detailed assessment of Fatigue Life in Clause 18 of En 13445-3……... pag. 7

Design and fabrication Session

S. Brannan, D.H. Nash, S.W. Earland A finite element analysis comparison study of the proposed new Cen method for the design of conical shells under combined loadings…………………………………………………..….. pag. 8

E. Becherini, S. Milani, A. Muratore, V. Nastasi Comparative pressure vessel calculation of seismic effect with non-linear pressure vessel design procedures: European versus American concepts and codes………………………. pag. 9

J. Daulton, C. Faidy, M. Lamyman Introduction to a compact bolted Flange and Clamp………………………………………….. pag. 10

A. Saccocci, T. Coppola Metallurgical design of high-toughness, high-strength steels for 300 bar gas cylinders applications………………………………………………………………………………………… pag. 11

C. Faidy Nonlinear analysis in Pressure Vessel Design Codes - Recommendations for codified rules improvements……………………………………………………………………………………… pag. 12

Fitness for Service Session

R. Gonzalez Example of Rbi - Api 581 application Example………………………………………………... pag. 13

C. Faidy French Fitness for Service Codes - Status and Open Points………………………………… pag. 14

A. Marino, M. Ciucci Integrated smart approach to seismic risks management in process plants……………….. pag. 15

R. Gonzalez Risk-Based Inspection Methodology……………………………………………………………. pag. 16

High temperature Session

H.Y. Lee Development of the HITEP_RCC-MRx program for the support of elevated temperature design evaluation and defect assessment according to RCC-MRx………………………….. pag. 17

F. Masuyama Gr.93 Steel and Peak Use Temperature Issues on Csef Steels……………………………… pag. 18

Hyeong-Yeon Lee, Ji-Young Jeong Risks of non-conservative design for pressure vessels subjected to long-time service in creep range according to Asme Section VIII Div.2……………………………………….……. pag. 19

S. Holmström Small Punch Testing of Selective Laser Melting (Slm) produced 316L steel samples….…. pag. 20

Non-destructive examination - In service inspection and operation Session

N. Testoni, M. M. Malatesta, L. De Marchi, A. Marzani A micro sensor-node with data processing capabilities for the deployment of acoustic emission monitoring networks……………………………………………………………………. pag. 21

C. Di Fratta, A. Ferraro, S. Senese Acoustic Emission applications for integrity test of pressure equipment…………………….. pag. 22

G. Lackner, J. Bohse Acoustic Emission innovative techniques for industrial applications…………………………. pag. 23

M.E. Biancolini, C. Brutti, A. Chiappa, P. Salvini Artificial pre-cracking of tanks test samples for AE detection tuning…………………………. pag. 25

A. Shibli Further developments in inspection and monitoring techniques for high temperature plant pag. 26

G. Merckling, L. Casiraghi Microstructural parameters and creep exposure for 9Cr steels. A tentative quantitative correlation based on “metallic” replication………………………………………………………. pag. 27

A. Salvo, D. Benini, A. Staffolani, A. Corsi, G. Merckling Residual life assessment of metallic materials by an innovative non-destructive metallographic test………………………………………………………………………………… pag. 28

D. J Allen, J. W Wilson, T. Peyton, A. Shibli, Y. Hasegawa The development of the electromagnetic (Em) sensor technique for creep damage detection and assessment………………………………………………………………………... pag. 29

A. Wojcik, M. Waitt, A. Santos, A. Shibli The use of potential drop technique for monitoring creep damage in high temperature pressure vessels – current progress……………………………………………………………... pag. 30

A. Shibli Use of Drones and Robots for Industrial Plant Inspection…………………………………….. pag. 31

Snetp nuclear workshop Session

C. Faidy Harmonization and Emerging Codes and Standards………………………………………….. pag. 32

M. Olcese Overview of Iter project: status and plans………………………………………………..…….. pag. 33

M. Sepielli Radw management and disposal at European and Italian level……………………….…….. pag. 34

Technical plenary Session

A. Di Gianfrancesco Eccc overview and description of the main activities of the Wga/B/C…............................... pag. 35

S. W. Earland, D. H. Nash, P. Smith The UK role in pressure systems engineering in a post-Brexit Europe……………………… pag. 36

ASME International Working Group Italy: a real opportunity to directly interact with the Code for BPV A. Veroni*

*ANIMA Confindustria Meccanica Varia The international working group (IWG) is designed when a diverse group of individuals in a

country or region outside the U.S. and Canada express a desire to contribute to the work of

a standards development committee. IWG's are created and their members are appointed

by the relevant standards development committee just like any other subtiergroup. IWG's

function like any other subtiergroup that reports to a main standards development

committee, but meet regularly in their own country.

The Italy International Working Group Italy serves as a forum to provide for the participation

of ASME BPV Code, of technical experts based in Italy and to create a means of

communication and collaboration between ASME and the Italian manufacturers and

stakeholders. The Italy International Working Group is supported by UCC – ANIMA (Italian

Association of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Manufacturers), with the following aims:

Create a means of communication and collaboration between ASME BPV Standard

committees and the UCC – ANIMA, the Italian manufacturer and stakeholders;

Provide input to BPV Relevant Standards Development Committee from Italian

manufacturers and stakeholders;

Review and comment on proposed changes or additions to ASME BPV Code;

Evaluate Code inquiries from Italian users and manufacturers and develop them into

proposed interpretations for consideration by the ASME BPV Standards Committee

or Special Committee;

Conduct IIWG activities related to codes and standards, administrative and personnel

matters in accordance with approved ASME procedures, policies, and established

guidelines;

Coordinate IIWG activities with the parent ASME BPV Standards Development

Committee and ASME Staff.

Codes & Standards

1

ASME PC ANDE-1 The Future of Quality NDT Personnel Certification

J. Labrador*, C. Mahler**, G. Gobbi***

*ASME: Managing Director

**ASME: Program Manager

***ASME European Liaison

Over the last 30 years, extensive studies have shown that the reliability and performance of

non-destructive examination and inspection must be improved to advance public safety and

quality industry-wide.

Due to a decline in qualified workforce due to attrition, increasing demand of qualified

workforce due to aging plant issues and variations in employer based qualification and

certification, ASME developed the ANDE standard and certification program to address real

world issues that affect the Non-destructive Examiner daily.

The ANDE Standard is written to provide the requirements for a “Central Qualification and

Certification Program” conducted by a Third-Party Certification Organization (Certification

Body) for NDE and Quality Control (QC) personnel and uses both performance-based and

prescriptive requirements that serve as the program core for these activities. ASME’s ANDE

eliminates a fragmented industry approach to NDE.

ANDE is unique in that it includes Systematic Approach to Training (SAT), Performance

Based concepts, and Psychometric principles as well as includes a provision for two Specific

Industry Sectors (SIS): 1) Nuclear and 2) Non-Nuclear PVP/Pressure Equipment.

Use of the ANDE Standard will be improve, NDE and QC Inspection reliability and

qualification performance and that a larger pool of personnel will become available to

support any industry or SIS that either requires or chooses to use this Standard.

Codes & Standards

2

Design of HDPE buried piping according ASME III Appendix XXVI

G. Catalano*

*DST Computer Services

High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is an interesting alternative to steel for moderate

pressure and temperature buried piping ( 10 bar, 100 °C). It has been used in gas and

water transportation systems for more than 50 years with an excellent operational

experience.

However, HDPE has been rarely used in the nuclear industry so far for various safety related

questions. The new Appendix XXVI introduced in code ASME III edition 2017 represents a

major milestone in that respect as it will certainly popularize the use of HDPE material for

future nuclear applications.

This paper aims to present the general requirements of Appendix XXVI, with a special

attention to the design rules and the issue of flanged connections between HDPE and steel

piping.

A short example will also be presented using the piping analysis software PIPESTRESS

4.0.0.

Codes & Standards

3

National Board Inspection Code Presentation Summary

G. L. Scribner*

* The National Board of Boiler & Pressure Vessel Inspectors

This National Board Inspection Code (NBIC) presentation provides a brief overview of all

four (4) Parts of the NBIC, Installation, Inspection, Repairs & Alterations, and Pressure

Relief Devices. The primary objective is to provide the audience with an understanding of

how the use of an internationally recognized standard can be used to ensure repairs and

alterations can be made to pressure retaining items safely. The presentation will provide

details of all areas that must be considered in the repair of pressure retaining items such

as, but not limited to, Identification of the material of the pressure retaining item that is to

be repaired, planning and documentation of work, welder qualifications, and welding

methods, post weld heat treatment and non-destructive testing.

Codes & Standards

4

Pressure Vessel Standards giving presumption of conformity with the Pressure Equipment Directive comparison between ASME Section VIII and EN 13445 F. Lidonnici*

*Sant’ambrogio Servizi Industriali Srl

According to the so called New Approach, all the European Technical Directives intended

to the elimination of technical barriers to trade do not contain detailed prescriptions about

design, materials, construction and testing of the products concerned: such detailed

prescriptions are left to the “Harmonized Standards”, that is, to the standards based on the

“Essential Safety Requirements” of the directives. In other words, these requirements, not

the standards themselves, are the only legal basis on which compliance of a given product

with the European Law must be evaluated.

This is the case of the Pressure Equipment Directive and its product standards: EN 13445

for unfired pressure vessels, EN 12952 and 12953 for steam generators, EN 13480 for

piping. However the experience of 16 years (2002-2018) has shown that the harmonized

standards are not the only possible route to assure compliance with the Essential Safety

Requirements: particularly for pressure vessels, many other national and international

standards have been and are actually used, although, on a merely theoretical basis,

compliance with such requirements of vessels fabricated and marketed according to non

harmonized standards should be proven by the manufacturers.

In reality all the national pressure vessel standards which existed in the various European

countries before the Pressure Equipment Directive (PD 5500 in UK, AD Merkblätter in

Germany, CODAP in France and Raccolte ISPESL in Italy) have now been brought in

compliance with it, and are still regularly updated and commonly used by national

manufacturers and notified bodies, so that they have in practice the same degree of

“presumption of conformity” of the harmonized pressure vessel standard EN 13445.

What is interesting is that also the American pressure vessel standard ASME Section VIII is

one of the standards which are most frequently used in Europe, despite of the fact that the

criteria on which this standard is based are in many aspects different from the criteria used

by the directive.

Scope of this paper is to compare the two standards (EN 13445 and ASME Section VIII) in

order to clarify which are the main differences and which additional requirements must be

fulfilled by the products made in accordance with ASME Section VIII in order to assure full

conformity with the directive.

Codes & Standards

5

A brief review of existing methodologies for damage evaluation and remaining life assessment in reformer furnace tubes A. Alvino*, L. Campanile*, A. Antonini*, C. Mennuti*, A. Tonti*

* Inail DIT

Reformer furnaces are widely used in refining, petrochemical and fertilizer industries: ASTM

A 297 HP steels are the most employed material for radiant tubes. These heat resistant

alloys show high creep and corrosion resistance, ensuring good performances in extreme

pressure and temperature conditions.

Radiant tubes are generally designed for a minimum lifetime of 100000 h of service at

operating temperature of 900°C. Nevertheless, premature failures of furnace tubes may

occur as a result of several damage mechanisms, such as service aging, thermal shock,

accidental overheating, carburization and creep, especially when process conditions are not

exactly applied, or maintenance procedures are not carried properly.

Service aging can be summarized as coalescence and coarsening of precipitates, formation

of secondary carbides in the austenite matrix and transformation of niobium-rich carbides in

the G-phase silicide. The high temperatures, which tubes are exposed to, can also induce

creep: cavities and microcracks are the typical evidences of such damage. Carburization

can also occur in radiant tubes, since their inner wall side is exposed to hydrocarbon-rich

process fluids: carbon diffuses into the metal matrix, causing massive precipitation, resulting

in surface attack, cracks development and a general decay of the material.

The extent of damage and the remaining service life must be assessed in advance of a full

campaign, in order to avoid unscheduled shutdowns or failures. Although the service life

may be estimated by theoretical models, the degradation process complexity requires a

more detailed characterization by experimental in-situ examinations.

In this contribution, the most critical mechanisms of damage occurring in reformer tubes are

discussed, as well as some methods of assessing the extent of damage and remaining

service life. In particular, destructive and non-destructive techniques will be evaluated and

their feedbacks compared with some common criteria of damage assessment based on

microstructure observation.

Degradation mechanisms

6

Recent revision of detailed assessment of Fatigue Life in Clause 18 of EN

13445-3

J. Rudolph*, M. Kramer**, M. Triay*, R. Trieglaff***, R. Gawlick****, Y. Simonet*****, P.

Rohart*****, G. Baylac******

* FRAMATONE

** TÜV SÜD

*** TÜV NORD

**** LINDE

***** CETIM

****** Consultant for Pressure Equipment

The European Pressure Vessel Standard EN 13445 provides in its Part 3 (Design) a

simplified method for fatigue assessment (Clause 17) and a detailed method of fatigue

assessment (Clause 18). While the new revision of Clause 17 has been adopted, Clause 18

"Detailed Assessment of Fatigue Life" is now available as a consolidated revision in Inquiry

phase. This major and comprehensive revision has been developed within the framework of

the European working group CEN/TC 54/WG 53 – Design Methods - Sub-Group Design

Criteria and constitutes a crucial step forward towards a modern and user-friendly fatigue

assessment method. After a brief recall of the main modifications introduced in Clause 17,

the overall structure and amendments in Clause 18 will be presented. The following points

will be discussed:

For Clause 18:

Fatigue assessment of welded parts is separated from the fatigue assessment of

unwelded parts as it has already been done in previous versions with respective

methodological differences.

Fatigue class of welded details is now identical to that given in Clause 17.

Additional Alternative fatigue curves can be used under certain conditions to increase

the number of allowed fatigue cycles.

For related Annexes:

Stress analyses of welded parts are usually based on detailed finite element analyses.

New Annex NA gives different applicable methods to determine the hot spot structural

stress allowing the fatigue analysis.

In new Annex NB, cycle counting issue is comprehensively treated in the context of

different design and operation situations. The description is detailed towards a critical

plane approach.

Stresses in double-sided fillet welds are given in a new Annex NC

For unwelded parts, a table of stress concentration factors is given in a new Annex

ND

Degradation mechanisms

7

A finite element analysis comparison study of the proposed new CEN method for the design of conical shells under combined loadings S. Brannan*, D. H Nash*, S. W Earland**

*University of Strathclyde, Glasgow; **British Standards Institution

The new approach for the design of conical shells under combined loadings has been

proposed for inclusion into the European Standards EN13445. This method, based on the

work of Kiesewetter, is a complex limit analysis approach and requires to be further tested

against a finite element solution.

As such, this paper presents a direct comparison of the Kiesewetter methods and a finite

element shell solution and shows the outcomes of a comprehensive parameter study for the

key variables of thickness to diameter ratio, cone angle and external combined loadings of

direct force and moment and examines their interaction.

Design and fabrication

8

Comparative pressure vessel calculation of seismic effect with non-linear pressure vessel design procedures: European versus American concepts and codes

E. Becherini*, S. Milani*, A. Muratore**; V. Nastasi**

*Ener Consulting, Italy

**INAIL, Italy

This article describe the applicable codes in Europe and in U.S.A for seismic calculation in the

field of pressure vessel.

While in U.S.A, the applicable procedures to find and apply the loads, on a pressure vessel

seems to be fast and enough sure, the same can not be affirmed in Europe where often arises

from a not clear normative separation and or integration between pressure vessel codes and

building civil codes (Eurocode and National Laws).

Although the Euronorm EN 13445 has an excellent chapter, clause 22 “Static analysis of tall

vertical vessels on skirts” anything states on not tall vertical vessel.

For this situation in Europe, often, some company wants calculation in compliance with both

pressure vessel codes and building civil codes that, with the actual concepts of limit states can

create some difficult to the designers.

With this study, we try to explain the difficult above exposed and show some comparative study

of design calculation for pressure vessel in U.S.A. and in Europe.

Moreover, we show an example of a limit state combination who might be used in seismic design

in pressure vessel in Europe.

All the calculations will be performed by means of an accurate finite element analysis study.


9

Introduction to a compact bolted Flange and Clamp

J. Daulton*, C. Faidy*, M. Lamyman*

*Destec Engineering Limited The most common type of flange used for pressure equipment is the standard piping flange,

which is supplied in accordance with various International codes and standard such as:

- ASME B16.5 & EN 1759: Cover sizes NPS ½ inch to 24 inch and are pressure and

temperature designated;

- ASME B16.47: Covers sizes NPS 26 to 60 and are also pressure and temperature

designated;

- EN ISO 10423 identical to ANSI / API Spec 6A: Covers flanges for high pressure

applications as used in Oil & Gas industries.

Regardless of the published standards, for leak rates manufacturers can assist by providing

designs that are suitable for the thermal, pressure and mechanical cycles.

Finally the key features of the compact design, the hub clamp connector, clamp design and

DESFLEX compact flanges have been analysed.


10

Metallurgical design of high-toughness, high-strength steels for 300 bar

gas cylinders applications

A. Saccocci*, T. Coppola*

*Rina Consulting Current market requires transportable cylinders for industrial gases with improved

mechanical properties such as strength, toughness and fatigue resistance. The trend is

towards lighter steel cylinders which exhibit high strength levels.

The development of high strength high toughness materials for lighter gas cylinder

applications require the metallurgical design of quench and tempered steel with Ultimate

Tensile Strength (UTS) in excess of 950MPa with a ductility greater than 14%.

Considering the indicative limitation on chemical composition due to industrial constraints

two main types of steel grades have been developed and investigated: Cr-Mo and Cr-Mo

with V micro-addition.

Literature, commercial and in-house metallurgical models have been used to identify the

most suitable chemical compositions for laboratory heat productions following the typical

industrial process route. Both metallographic and mechanical characterisation have been

performed and tensile strength of higher than 950 MPa with impact toughness higher than

50 J/cm2 were achieved applying industrial tempering thermal treatments.


11

Nonlinear analysis in Pressure Vessel Design Codes - Recommendations for codified rules improvements

C. Faidy*

*CF Integrity

During the past 30 years, the main rules to design pressure vessels were based on elastic

analyses. Many conservatisms associated to these different elastic approaches are

discussed in this paper, like: stress criteria linearization for 3-D components, stress

classification in nozzle areas, plastic shake down analysis, fatigue analysis, Ke evaluation,

and pipe stress criteria for elastic follow-up due to thermal expansion or seismic loads…

This paper propose to improve existing codified rules in nuclear and non-nuclear Codes that

are proposed as alternatives to elastic evaluation for different failure modes and degradation

mechanisms: plastic collapse, plastic instability, tri-axial local failure, rupture of cracked

component, fatigue and Ke, plastic shakedown. These methods are based on limit loads or

monotonic or cyclic elastic-plastic analyses.

Concerned components are mainly vessels and piping systems.

No existing Code is sufficiently detailed to be easily applied; the needs are stress analysis

methods through finite elements, material properties including material constitutive

equations and criteria associated to each methods and each failure modes.

A first set of recommendation to perform these inelastic analysis will be presented to improve

existing codes (RCCM, ASME III, ASME VIII, EN 13445 and EN 13480…, associated to all

material properties and criteria needed to apply these modern methods. An international

draft Code Case is in preparation.


12

Example of RBI - API 581 application Example R. Gonzalez*

*Total Refining & Chemicals The present work aims to show results of practical application of the RBI methodology based

on API 580 and 581 in a refinery commissioned in 2013.

The first example, shows the revision of materials and degradation of a Coker naphta

hydrotreater. The determination of degradation modes is done through the application of the

document API 571 (Damage mechanism affecting the Refining industry), while the corrosion

analysis of the main circuits uses the API 581 as reference. Then, this result allows to

determine the optimum opportunity and scope of the first in-service inspection requirements

of the unit, to be finally compared with the strategy based on traditional methods previously

used by the industrial site.

In the second example, the mass data processing of a train of the same refinery is shown,

containing the main units of distillation, conversion and intermediate treatment. Using

theoretical corrosion rates determined by experts, the data is processed using the API 581

version 2016 metal loss model.

As a result, an estimation is obtained of the optimal inspection tasks to be launched in the

first years of operation of the full plant, as well as a comparison between the needs of

inspection of vessels versus piping.

Fitness for Service

13

French Fitness for Service Codes - Status and Open Points

C. Faidy*

*CF Integrity

This paper will review the status of "Flaw Evaluation Rules" developed by EDF- CEA and

FRAMATOME in the past 20 years for nuclear and non-nuclear pressure equipment of

Nuclear Power Plants. The specific rules associated to specific nuclear topics, in particular

radiation effects, will not be detailed in this paper. The detailed review will be for pressure

equipment design with classical Pressure Equipment codified rules.

Major part of these rules can be used for non-nuclear pressure equipment, like:

defect interaction

crack initiation, crack growth, critical crack size methods

material properties

margins evaluation and partial safety factors

how to consider plasticity

consideration of creep crack growth based on C* approach

leak before break

compendium of K, J, reference stress for many multi-directional stresses,

geometries, crack locations

improvements of J evaluation scheme, in particular for secondary stresses (thermal

loads, displacement control load, residual stresses…)

The paper will conclude on short comparison references with similar Codes or Rules (like

API, ASME or R6…) and proposals to move towards a more general scope to support "flaw

tolerance" of existing Design and Fabrication Pressure Equipment Rules and support "safe

and realistic" operation of Pressure Equipment.

Fitness for Service

14

Integrated smart approach to seismic risks management in process

plants

A. Marino*, M. Ciucci*

*INAIL DIT

Recent events outlined the relevance of the interactions between industrial and natural

hazards (NATECH) particularly for that concern seismic risk. EU regulation, namely

Directive 2012/18/EU, among its new elements explicitly requires the analysis and

management of NATECH hazards. The development of a risk analysis methodology for

major hazard industrial plants allows the individuation of critical elements of the plants with

regard to seismic actions. The following implementation of smart technologies (sensors,

actuators, innovative systems for seismic protection) to the critical elements allows a

relevant reduction of major hazards and related consequences both in existing plants and

in design of new plants.

Fitness for Service

15

Risk-Based Inspection Methodology R. Gonzalez*

*Total Refining & Chemicals Based on the need to improve the integrity risk management of the installations, the RBI

methodology has emerged in the oil refining industry during the 1990s as an alternative to

the traditional inspection methods. The API published in the year 2000 the first edition of the

API 581 document containing a quantitative method for assessing the risk of equipment and

piping under pressure. Following the development that this primitive method of classification

of relative risk experienced during the first years, this document was updated in 2008 and

2016 adding the concept of risk target, which led users to understand that inspection actions

should be focused on the degradation aspects and be effective to mitigate the associated

risks at acceptable levels for the corporations and authorities. The need of continuous

improvement of the method, led the industry to participate actively in the adaptation of the

method on the one hand and its efficient implementation in the field.

The present work has as objective to present the current context of the use of RBI in the

process industry, to clarify its main objective that is the mechanical integrity and to describe

the main elements at stake. A simple explanation of how the probability and consequence

of failures is estimated associated with corrosion and other degradations is followed by a

roughly illustration of the fundamentals of risk assessment to finally show how their result is

used for inspection planning.

Fitness for Service

16

Development of the HITEP_RCC-MRx program for the support of elevated temperature design evaluation and defect assessment according to RCC-MRx H.Y. Lee*

*Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 989-111 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Rep. of Korea

A program called ‘HITEP_RCC-MRx’ for high temperature design analysis and defect

assessment according to the RCC-MRx of 2018 edition has been developed for Generation

IV and fusion reactor systems. This program is composed of three modules : ‘HITEP_RCC-

DBA,’ which computerizes the design-by-analysis (DBA) for class 1 components according

to RB-3200 procedures, ‘HITEP_RCC-PIPE,’ which computerizes the design-by-rule (DBR)

analysis for class 1 piping according to RB-3600 procedures and ‘HITEP_RCC-A16,’ which

computerizes high temperature defect assessment according to A16 procedures. This is a

web-based program so that it can operate on a smartphone as well as on a personal

computer once it is connected to an internet or WIFI. The first two modules (DBA, PIPE)

perform design evaluations for pressure boundary components and piping systems

according to RCC-MRx while the A16 module performs defect assessment according to A16

procedure. The program has been verified with a number of relevant examples on DBA,

Pipe and A16 in the components and piping systems in a large scale high temperature

sodium test facility of the STELLA-2 under construction at KAERI. From the verification

works, the HITEP_RCC-MRx with the three modules was shown to conduct design

evaluation and defect assessment in an efficient and reliable way. HITEP_ASME-HB which

computerizes elevated temperature design evaluations as per ASME Section III Division 5

Subsection HB is currently under development at KAERI and elevated temperature design

evaluation platform covering RCC-MRx and ASME-HB will be established by the end of 2019.

Keywords: High Temperature Design Code, RCC-MRx, Design Evaluation, Defect

Assessment, Web-Based Program, Inelastic Strain, Creep-Fatigue Damage

High temperature

17

Gr.93 Steel and Peak Use Temperature Issues on CSEF Steels F. Masuyama*

*Graduate School of Engineering - Kyushu Institute of Technology Currently, creep strength enhanced ferritic (CSEF) steels are used for high-temperature

components in boilers and turbines with 600oC class power plants realized from 1995

onward. However conventional CSEF steels such as Gr.91 and Gr.92 (strongest among

conventional CSEF steels) have some weak points in creep strength and ductility which

coarse premature failure during service due to uncertainty of long-term creep rupture

strength and Type IV creep degradation in the welds due to the softening and lower rupture

ductility. Development efforts for heat resistant steels for power plants in Japan has been

continued for over last five decades to date resulting in developing Gr.92 class steels in

1990s and new advanced ferritic steels beyond Gr.92 recently. The present paper

introduces new CSEF steel Gr.93, ASME Section I Code Case 2839 which is 30% stronger

in creep than Gr.92 along with great improvement of rupture ductility and also mitigates Type

IV creep damage in weld heat affected zone where fine grain and softening are not found,

and also discusses about peak use temperature issues on CSEF steels from the aspect of

various stand points. The peak use temperature is not clear for those martensitic CSEF

steels because the martensitic structure is not so stable at the temperature above 600°C

although the maximum use temperature for design stresses is given as 649°C in the Section

II, Part D, Table 1A of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes.

High temperature

18

Risks of non-conservative design for pressure vessels subjected to long-time service in creep range according to ASME Section VIII Div.2 Hyeong-Yeon Lee*, Ji-Young Jeong*

*Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

The pressure vessel design code of ASME Section VIII Division 2 (hereafter, ASME VIII(2))

is widely used for design of not only low-temperature a pressure vessel but also high-

temperature piping. In high-temperature pressure vessel design according to ASME VIII(2),

creep effects are considered implicitly and the design evaluation results end up with the

same results regardless of hold times at high temperature, which might raise technical

issues on conservatism in case of long-term operation at high temperature. Sensitivity

analyses with various hold times at high temperature were conducted as per ASME VIII(2)

to see the effects of hold times with a high-temperature system in a large-scale sodium test

facility, STELLA-2. The conservatism of ASME VIII(2) at long hold times at high temperature

has been quantified based on the comparisons in design evaluations as per ASME VIII(2)

with those of the two major high temperature piping design codes of ASME Section III

Division 5 and RCC-MRx which explicitly take hold time into account. It was shown from the

comparison that ASME VIII(2) rules exceed the design limits of ASME and RCC-MRx if hold

time exceeds certain limit, which means ASME VIII(2) might give non-conservative results

in case of long hold time at high temperature. It was confirmed from the present evaluations

that the results of design evaluations are the same regardless of the creep hold time in

ASME VIII(2) approach and it might lead to non-conservative design in case of long time

operation at high temperature in creep range.

Keywords: ASME Section VIII, Creep, Hold time, Non-conservatism, High-temperature

pressure vessel, Design evaluation

High temperature

19

Small Punch Testing of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) produced 316L steel samples S. Holmström*

*European Commission Metal 3D Printing or Additive Manufacturing, is a promising technique, e.g. for manufacturing

complex structured components or making duplicates of parts that have long lead-time or

are no longer manufactured. Naturally the replacement with additive manufactured parts

need proof of high quality and safety assurance to satisfy stringent requirements. In this

presentation room and high temperature material properties are determined by small punch

testing (SP) of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) produced 316L steel samples. The SP

samples are extracted from tested Charpy specimen. Tensile strength, proof stress and

creep strength at 700°C are estimated and compared with 316L bulk material properties.

High temperature

20

A micro sensor-node with data processing capabilities for the deployment of acoustic emission monitoring networks N. Testoni*, M. M. Malatesta**, L. De Marchi**, A. Marzani*

*Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Italy **Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Italy This work describes a low-power/low-cost sensor-node based sensor, with local data

processing capabilities, suitable for the deployment of acoustic emission monitoring

networks. In particular, the developed sensor node is capable via a piezo-sensor to acquire

acoustic emission time-series from up to three channel, and process them locally. The raw

and/or processed data are autonomously sent through an ad-hoc developed gateway device

to a remote station for data storage and further processing. Used a key element in a sensor

network, the developed sensor-node minimizes the power consumption to monitor remotely

and in real time the acoustic emissions and to localize their position. Two experimental setup

in which a network of sensor nodes is used to detect and locate acoustic emissions (AE) are

considered to test the performance of the implemented circuitry and the associated

processing algorithms.

In the first scenario a sensor network composed by two sensor nodes controlling each a

piezo-sensor is exploited to locate acoustic emission sources along an aluminum beam. AE

are simulated according to the HSU-Nielson test. In this case each sensor node is coupled

with a proper algorithm for dispersion compensation which allow to locate the AE sources

without assuming a reference velocity for the AE. The algorithm rely on the dispersion curves

of the waveguide, i.e. the beam, to compensate the signals from dispersion.

In the second scenario, instead, a network composed by three node sensor is used to locate

AE in a bi-dimensional waveguide, i.e. an thin composite plate. In this case, each node

sensor control and record AE from three piezo-sensor in a rosette configuration. As such,

proper algorithms coded within the node sensor are capable to unveil the direction of arrival

of the AE being agnostic also in this case of the AE velocity of propagation.

In both cases, the total weight and energy consumption of the entire network are respectively

less than 50 g and 300mW in continuous monitoring conditions. Results show a very good

agreement between the simulated AE and the estimated positions. As such the proposed

monitoring network can be considered ideal for the SHM of civil structures like steel frames,

walls and wide surfaces in general, and pressure vessels.

Non-Destructive Examination - In Service Inspection and Operation

21

Acoustic Emission applications for integrity test of pressure equipment

C. Di Fratta*, A. Ferraro*, S. Senese*

*TÜV Austria Italia

Acoustic Emission Testing (AT) is a non-destructive testing and monitoring method to

detect and locate defect indications in LPG tanks and pressure equipment in good time.

Acoustic Emission Testing consists of the acquisition, processing and evaluation of signals

coming from the shell of the tested object during a pressurization phase such as to ensure

a slow and continuous loading as well as an operator reaction time appropriate to the activity

recorded on the tested object.

This method meets the requirements of the technical standards:

UNI EN 13554:2011 concerning the general principles required for AE testing of different

industrial structures, components and materials subjected to stress and in harsh

environments;

UNI EN 14584:2013 concerning AT on pressurized metal structures;

UNI EN 12819:2010 concerning AT on tanks (above ground and underground) of LPG (and

its derivatives) having a capacity of more than 13 cubic meters.

Testing the integrity of metallic pressure equipment is for the benefit of our customers'

safety. TÜV AUSTRIA ITALIA has the most modern and innovative testing methods, such

as AE. Thanks to the Acoustic Emission Testing, the quality of the test results is higher,

plant downtimes reduced and costs saved. Precise planning, punctuality and

professionalism during the execution of tests are the core values of our company. The

business sector in which TÜV AUSTRIA ITALIA operates includes petrochemical plants, oil

& gas, refineries, pipelines, industries and much more. TÜV AUSTRIA ITALIA helps industry

by offering innovative projects from the planning stage to the final inspection and, then,

during plant operation.

The AE Testing techniques offered by TÜV AUSTRIA ITALIA are addressed to:

LPG tanks up to 13 mc: AT of underground LPG tanks

LPG tanks over 13 mc: AT of tanks supplying gas to industries - AT of tanks supplying gas

through piping systems / pipeline

AT of tanks at gas stations - AT of storage tanks (LPG and derivatives)

Refineries and petrochemical plants: AT of spherical tanks - AT of buried tanks - AT of

flat-bottom storage tanks - AT of reactors and columns - AT of pressure equipment.

The specificity of the AE Acoustic Emission test, characterized by a continuous monitoring

of the whole structure during pressurization, allows to considerably reduce the risk

connected to the pneumatic test (specific security measures - very often complex to

implement - aimed at reducing the risk connected to these tests).

TÜV AUSTRIA ITALIA experts can develop and propose tailor-made solutions for problems

related to the most complex tests.

Consequently, applying this method the following are obtained advantages: 100% analysis

of the structure, Location of defects for an easy and immediate follow-up, Reduced testing

times, NO tank entry, Non-invasive AE Test.


22

Acoustic Emission innovative techniques for industrial applications G. Lackner*, J. Bohse**

*Chair CEN/TC138 WG7 **German expert CEN/TC138 WG7 Cracks and corrosion damages are the main causes for structural failures of pressure

vessels like gas cylinders, hydraulic accumulators, LPG storage tanks, spheres, chemical

reactors and the like. Evolving defects have to be identified in good time to enable

appropriate repair and thus to maintain the structural integrity of the equipment. Since

many decades acoustic emission testing (AT) has been employed for the detection of

degradation in the load bearing shell of pressure equipment. There are many examples of

practical experience available where the advantages of this NDT method could be

demonstrated to authorities, inspection organisations and pressure equipment operators.

Applying acoustic emission in the field and further analysis of measuring data requires

empirically gained knowledge as well as sufficient understanding of the underlying physics.

Generally acoustic emission testing is based on the detection of transient displacements at

the surface of the test object caused by elastic (stress) waves generated by sudden

localised changes in stress by, e.g. the formation of micro-cracks or sub-critical crack

growth on the crystal microstructure scale of materials. Such micro-fracture processes

cause transient surface displacements on the scale of picometer and event duration of

nanoseconds. They can be detected with acoustic emission (AE) sensors (transducer)

where the alternating pressure in the sensitive piezo-electric element of the AE sensor is

transferred into electric signals of frequency sensitivity response dependent waveforms

and spectra.

Using physical and mechanical properties of the crystal grains in combination with a

simplifying and averaging linear elastic fracture mechanics approach those surface

displacements for different wave modes can be calculated. At known sensitivity of AE

sensors relating to surface displacements (voltage/meter) resulting maximum amplitudes

of burst signals can be approximated.

In technical application, detectability of early stages of structural degradation or damage

due to e.g. fatigue and stress corrosion, is supported by material embrittlement (low

temperature, hydrogen or radiation induced embrittlement, hardened heat effected zone of

weld etc.). Detectability can be enhanced by major simultaneously induced AE events in

the material volume from secondary effects or processes. Secondary effects of high AE

activity and/or higher AE amplitudes (e.g. dislocation processes within an extended plastic

zone at the crack tip of large cracks, breakage of hard inclusions or high melting impurity

phases in the ferrite grain or of grain boundary caused by local stress fields around/ahead

of pre-crack tips, crack face fretting noise, breakage of corrosion products etc.). From

overlapping of many of such single low energy events intense sources can create. This is

often of greater importance for early damage detection compared to events from stable

crack growth and aids detection of small cracks.

The term detectability in relation to acoustic emission in standardization is used to specify

a detectability parameter KAE for an AE test. This parameter defines the smallest AE burst

signal amplitude, relative to the Hsu-Nielsen reference source, that can be detected above


23

the background noise at a specified distance from the source. Values of KAE for detection

of different damage mechanisms can be derived from testing of materials or small

structures in the laboratory up to real structures for industrial application.

Important aspect of the interpretation of AE results are new approaches for classification of

AE signals and identification of AE source mechanism to separate secondary AE events

(rubbing, background noise etc.) from primary source mechanisms (crack growth, active

corrosion etc.) that are connected with true damage progress using, e.g. advanced

methods of pattern recognition, neural networks, finite-element modelling of AE signals

etc..

Recent developments of the acoustic emission technology support the monitoring of plant

components and infrastructure. The range of applications is wide: from small pressure

equipment till to large components like offshore structures or bridges. The monitoring

approach offers the big advantage that the measurements are done under real operational

conditions and thus evolving defects – if present – are detected as they progress.

Monitoring may be performed periodic, temporary or continuous as required by safety

considerations.


24

Artificial pre-cracking of tanks test samples for AE detection tuning

M.E. Biancolini*, C. Brutti*, A. Chiappa*, P. Salvini*

*University of Rome “Tor Vergata” Dept. Enterprise Engineering

The non destructive testing method based on acoustic emission is very well established and

allows the detection and the location of defects on various structures including pressure

tanks. Acoustic wave can be generated at discontinuities as cracks and, in some situation,

at stress raisers due to notches, especially if plasticity occurs. The experimental activity we

present aims at tuning the interpretation of AE signals so that a proper classification can be

done distinguishing whether the acoustic event is due to a plastic area or a true crack. We

loaded in three point bending flat rectangular specimen of steel sheet extracted from the

tank manufacturing process just before the calendaring stage. Experiments were conducted

monitoring the load, the displacement and the EA signal for a flat specimen and for a notched

one, loaded cyclically keeping always positive the load so that at the bottom side (and at the

notch where present) the stress is always a traction.

According to this experiment we observe that for the un-notched specimen no relevant EA

signal are recorded; for the notched one EA signals at the beginning of the experiment

becomes relevant only in the case of a load high enough to have plastic strains at the notch

root. We have furthermore observed that during cyclic loads EA activities remain similar and

related to the plasticity amount as far as no damage are occurring. A consistent evolution

(with a substantial increment in the number of hits) is then registered that becomes more

and more intense after more cycles; what noticed match very well with an evolution due to

crack nucleation and then evolution of a full developed crack.

According to what we have observed it seems that EA signal allows to detect and monitor

not only existing crack and their evolution but also high plastic strain at stress raiser and the

onset of nucleation.


25

Further developments in inspection and monitoring techniques for high temperature plant A. Shibli*

*European Technology Development

Through the ETD’s Group Sponsored Projects (GSPs) supported by international industry a

number of techniques have been investigated for damage inspection and monitoring in

pressure equipment used in power and process industry. These techniques include early

and late stage creep cavity and fatigue damage detection, cracking assessment, precision

hardness testing and their relationship with plant remaining life. The techniques have

included on-site microscopy, UT, potential drop, electromagnetic sensors and the use of

drones and robots. The present state of development and their demonstration and use in

plant will be discussed.


26

Microstructural Parameters and Creep Exposure For 9Cr Steels. A Tentative Quantitative Correlation Based on “Metallic” Replication G. Merckling*, L. Casiraghi*

*RTM Breda Milano Hypothesis of a quantitative correlation between microstructural parameters and creep

exposure conditions for 9Cr steels.

9Cr Martensitic steels are widely used in plants operated at temperatures in creep regime

due to their particular strength against this kind of damage.

When approaching inspection intervals which require residual life assessment, the usual

Neubauer damage assessment, based on number and distribution of intergranular cavities

is not applicable, since cavitation only occurs in the very final stages of the creep damage

accumulation, i.e. too close to creep rupture, and generally does not produce a number of

cavities sufficient to be reliably counted and assessed.

Two possible solutions seem to exist:

Precipitates evolution assessment needs an extractive replica to be then observed

by a TEM, or a metallic replica observed through a SEM. Precipitates evolution is

related to thermal history (Ostwald Ripening), but it is still not cleared if and how it is

accelerated by creep deformation and consequently how it is related to creep

damage.

Inelastic creep strain creates, at least for long time exposure, subgrain

microstructures, the evolution of which is certainly related to creep damage itself. This

kind of study requires a TEM examination on a sample taken from the component or

SEM observation of a metallic replica.

This work will show some examples of correlation between sub-microstructure and expected

life time for a P91 steel sample exposed to a creep test and will discuss advantages and

limits in practical application.


27

Residual life assessment of metallic materials by an innovative non-

destructive metallographic test

A. Salvo*, D. Benini*, A. Staffolani*, A. Corsi*, G. Merckling*

*RTM Breda Milano

This work shows a proposal for an on-site non-destructive technique that produces

morphologic and extractive replica, suitable to assess microstructural evolution of metallic

materials.

The method is a further extension of the standardized method (ASTM E1216/16), combined

with the metallic substrate extractive replica for metallurgic examinations, as used by Roth

Eli Bear in 1949.

The procedure allows to obtain a morphologic replica of the microstructure, simultaneously

extracting particles of 10÷15nm and bigger. The replica uses a soft and sticky support metal,

that is pushed with controlled pressure onto the surface to be examined, that has been

previously polished and suitably etched.

The support metal must not include chemical species also present in the metal and the

particles to be investigated.

The particles and the replicated structure may now be examined under a normal Tungsten-

filament SEM, with magnifications up to 500000x, and, the particles can be examined by

EDX without interference from their original base material.

The particles on the replica can also be analysed by X-ray diffractometry XRD.

Through suitable and/or customised image-analysis techniques, particle sizes and

morphological analysis of the same replica, i.e. grain and subgrain sizes, faithfully

reproduced by the replica, can be assessed, with a resolution down to nano-scale. A further

advantage of the technique is the availability of a circa 20 mm area for the analyses, which

allows a quite quick analysis of several 1000 particles.

This work will show the application of the metallic substrate replica on a creep tested 9Cr

steel and the results obtained.


28

The development of the electromagnetic (EM) sensor technique for creep damage detection and assessment D. J Allen*, J. W Wilson**, T. Peyton**, A. Shibli***, Y. Hasegawa****

*IMPACT PowerTech, **University of Manchester, ***European Technology Development (ETD) ****Nippon Steel and Sumikin Technology (NSST) Creep cavitation damage in pressurised components operating at elevated temperatures

can rapidly develop into cracking and failure. Consequently, early detection of creep

damage at the micron-scale creep cavitation stage is a major goal in in-service inspection.

Currently, the only proven NDT technique which can achieve this outcome is surface

replication, which is slow, cumbersome, and limited to surface inspection. Recently,

however, experimental trials organised by ETD on a welded pressure vessel tested at high

temperature showed encouraging results with alternative NDT techniques. Electromagnetic

sensor technology developed by the University of Manchester was used at inspection

outages to scan welds, apply low frequency alternating magnetisation cycles, and measure

magnetic response. The results, analysed by Impact PowerTech, indicated that when creep

cavitation formed in the near-surface region of the vessel, its magnetic permeability was

reduced, while magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) generation increased.

The follow-up project to clarify and extend these results is described in this presentation.

Interrupted laboratory uniaxial cross-weld creep testing of a thick-section Grade 91

weldment was carried out by NSST, using a rectangular creep specimen geometry to enable

surface scanning. An improved EM sensor system with finer-scale resolution was employed

in this work. Tests were interrupted for EM inspection at a range of creep life fractions from

below 10% up to 70%. The results confirmed that both MBN and magnetic permeability

showed consistent (albeit different) correlations with life fraction, with signal variations

substantially exceeding random measurement variability. A simple qualitative model of

magnetic behaviour can provide a plausible explanation of these observations.

Notably, comparison with metallographic techniques indicated that whilst it was the high

resolution scanning force microscope (SFM) technique which detected sub-micron-scale

creep damage at the very earliest stage of life, EM actually becomes sensitive to creep

damage before it reaches a size that can be detected by optical metallography. Potentially,

therefore, EM could be a fast, simple, and effective tool for creep damage detection.

Trials on real martensitic steel plant components have also shown that the EM sensor can

identify “aberrant” mis-manufactured items with weak, non-conforming ferritic

microstructures, thus enabling action to be taken to avoid their premature failure in service.

Further work is now planned to develop the EM sensor for full scale component inspection,

to improve its capabilities on irregular surfaces, to confirm its ability to quantify damage, and

to bring the EM technology into practical application on high temperature plant.


29

The use of potential drop technique for monitoring creep damage in high

temperature pressure vessels – current progress

A. Wojcik*, M. Waitt**, A. Santos**, A. Shibli***

*Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London

**Matelect Ltd, UK

***European Technology Developments Ltd, UK

Electrical potential drop (EPD) is a well-established method for crack growth monitoring,

used in laboratories the world over for fracture and fatigue studies. We describe here the

application of EPD to monitor the progress of creep damage in welded pressure vessel

materials and components, both during controlled laboratory tests to investigate materials

properties, and crucially in an on-line continuous monitoring mode, on “real” pressure

vessels. Both AC and DC PD have been employed in a long term study that has lasted over

4 years, carried out on a range of specimens and vessels. The results have been very

encouraging and have consistently revealed an ability to detect creep damage many weeks

or months before final failure. Furthermore, and notably, it has been possible to stop long-

term tests ahead of final fracture/failure, when close to component end-of-life, via

interpretation of the EPD data. A variety of EPD responses have been seen in test vessels,

making data interpretation challenging, but possible. We report on methods to achieve this,

plus the practicalities of physically connecting to a pressure vessel in the field, ways of

ensuring long term connection efficacy and reliability, and the benefits of a combined (and

unique) AC/DC instrumental approach. Correlation to underlying microstructural changes

has also been possible, via laboratory tests, enabling new light to be shed on the actual

mechanisms responsible for the observed changes in EPD.

The overall methodology holds great promise for the on-line monitoring of power and

process plant components, operating under creep conditions, and end-of-life prediction.

Such monitoring of critical components can give a useful and helpful warning before a

catastrophic failure that can result in serious damage to much of the plant and to the

environment including loss of life.


30

Use of Drones and Robots for Industrial Plant Inspection A. Shibli*

*European Technology Development, Leatherhead, Surrey, UK Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs or drones) and robots are now being considered for power

and process plant inspection. Drones are excellent for overview type inspection and

identifying location(s) where damage, cracking or failure may have occurred or is imminent.

They can save major costs for the inspection of tall structures where otherwise large

scaffolding has to be erected and made safe before use. However, because of the lack of

stability drones are not always suitable for closer inspection or non-destructive examination

(NDE). On the other hand robots can be excellent for closer inspection and repair type work

but getting them to climb tall, and sometimes unclean, structures can be difficult and time

consuming.

In view of the above a new international industry supported project on building a hybrid

system for general plant inspection and closer ultrasonic examination is being considered.

Some features of this work will be discussed in this paper.


31

Harmonization and Emerging Codes and Standards C. Faidy*

*CF Integrity Many nuclear countries have developed their own Nuclear Codes and Standards. In 2007 a

group of international regulators (MDEP) decided to work on a harmonization basis for

Design, Material selection and procurement, Fabrication, Welding of Nuclear Pressure

Vessels". A group of Code Organization has decided to develop detailed comparison in

order to identify and analyzed the differences. Different comparisons have been published:

Class 1 component, NDE personal qualification, Welding and some are on-going as Non-

linear Design rules, Fatigue Analysis, Test Pressure and alternatives, Micro segregation of

forged pieces, Verification and Validation… To-day, comparison and harmonization are in

accordance with new needs and the required state of the art fulfilment. Another important

topics is associated to new links between nuclear and non-nuclear Pressure Equipment

Codes and Standards. EPERC can be an active contributor to this harmonization of

International Codes & Standards…

SNETP Nuclear Workshop

32

Overview of ITER project: status and plans

M. Olcese*

*ITER Organization

The presentation will provide a general overview of the ITER project, highlighting the

relevant progress in the plant construction, system installation and initial commissioning

activities. The plan towards the First Plasma operation and then up to the full nuclear phase

will be described. The specific example of design, procurement and installation as captive

component in the basement of the Tokamak Complex of the first Nuclear Pressure

Equipment of the facility will be presented.


33

RADW management and disposal at European and Italian level M. Sepielli*

*ENEA - SNETP Governing Board Two technological platforms basically act in the European nuclear arena, namely SNETP

(Sustainable Nuclear Energy) concerned with nuclear energy system development and

deployment, and IGDTP (Implementing Geological Disposal), concerned with radioactive

waste management and disposal.

The latter is concerned with common issues all over Europe on radwaste management

and disposal of, mainly, high level and long lived radioactive waste, which is expected to

be isolated from environment for very long time in safe and secure manner.

Many surface and near-surface repositories have been already built in Europe for LLW

and ILW, while for HL-LL-W geological solutions are going to be implemented.

In the context of EURATOM Research & Development framework, a European Joint

Programme (EJP) has launched this year aimed at studying and solving the issues still

open in the field of radioisotope mobility and migration, optimal waste form, criticality,

containers (drums, casks, canisters), backfilling material quality, durability, lisciviation, long

time monitoring, safety case, etc..

Italy is not unfortunately taking part in the EJP1, since the Italian National Programme

according to European Directive n.70 / 2011 has not been completed in due time to

participate in, but a second train of the Programme, starting in 2021 up to 2023, could be

still catched by Italian Ministries (MiSE, MATTM, MIUR) and Research Institutions (ENEA,

INFN, Sogin, ISS, …).

Italy has far postponed the problem of HLW and Spent Fuel (SF) disposal, since nuclear

irradiated fuel and HLW is under reprocessing in France and UK, but the conditioned fuel

in form of glasses will be as well back to Italy as soon as the National Repository

(Deposito Nazionale Parco Tecnologico) is ready. The national repository is intended also

hosting the LL and IL radioactive waste as coming from domestic nuclear applications in

medical, research and industrial field.

The radwaste management and disposal will impact in several ways on container

technology (drum, cask, canister, packaging) and their testing (drop, leaching,

puncturation, hardness, rusting, pressurization, ecc.). This makes fruitful to foster the

sinergy between nuclear field and EPERC to create a common framework among

research and industrial stakeholders at national and international level.


34

ECCC overview and description of the main activities of the WGA/B/C A. Di Gianfrancesco*

*ECCC

The European Creep Collaborative Committee (ECCC) is a voluntary group founded in 1991

to co-ordinate Europe-wide development of creep data for high temperature plants.

– The 12 countries represented in ECCC are earnestly involved in a joint effort to: Co-

ordinate the generation of creep data throughout European Countries;

– Interact with, and supply information to the technical committees at the formal

European Standards organizations;

– Mutually exchange technical expertise relating to new developments on materials for

high temperatures;

– Develop guidelines for data generation, collation/exchange, assessment and Post

Assessment Tests (PAT’s).

After several years of European Commission sponsoring, the ECCC is now organized as a

Joint Industrial Project (JIP) that started in 2011 and is still running.

This contribute will summarize ECCC’s activities through the past 27 years, its actual

structure and future targets. Special emphasis will be put on the most recent achievements,

that include the assessments of the CSEF grades 91, 92 and Alloy 617, completed in 2017;

as well as the newly available Post Assessment Test Software – EPAT.

Technical plenary

35

The UK role in pressure systems engineering in a post-Brexit Europe

S. W. Earland*, D. H. Nash**, P. Smith***

*BSi Consultant

**BSi Design Methods Committee Chair

***IMechE PSG Chair

The UK is poised to leave the European Community at the end of March 2019. However

the work of pressure systems transcends the political, economic and freedom of

movement challenges and there is a requirement to continue to strive towards excellence

in design codes and standards and to maintain equivalent CE conformity in manufacturing.

The Institution of Mechanical Engineers Pressure Systems Group and the British

Standards Institution’s Pressure Vessel Engineering committees all support this agenda

and are working towards maintaining the UK’s engagement in a global pressure equipment

sector.

This presentation will address the key challenges facing the UK pressure systems

community and point towards the UK’s continuing engagement with CEN and highlight

future developments in certification and future code research and development.

Technical plenary

36

abstracts - eperc-aisbl.eu abstracts.pdf · this is the case of the pressure equipment directive...

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