Abstracts The Rationality of Social Action, from the Perspective of Islamic
Wisdom in the Face of the Weberian Tradition
Nasrollah Aghajani 1
Mansur Mohammadi 3
Abstract Rationality is one of the struggling issues for thinkers of social sciences. Among
them, Max Weber has formulated the rationality of social action based on a
particular concept of reason and action, and has considered modern societies as
rational, which is incompatible with the view of Islamic scholars. Accordingly, the
rationality of social action, from viewpoint of Islamic wisdom, has been examined
and explained through using an analytic-comparative approach to the Weberian
tradition.
Rationality and action are the terms that, in the abstract sense, they mean "derived
from reason and will", but in concrete sense, they have their own special meanings
based on how they view the nature and cognitive faculty and motive power of human.
Accordingly, in Webber's analysis, reason and action have been considered the
method and practice derived from the autonomous practical wisdom and the
rationality of social action, as well as having a mathematical calculation to achieve
the aims of life, reductionism, and Western society, a rational society, and at the
same time suffering from the crisis of spirituality.
However, Islamic scholars, based on their view of human nature and power, regard
"reason" as the capacity for the understanding of meanings, and "action" as the result
of the will arising from the stimulative power influenced by the powers and dispositions
of high and wicked human's selves. Therefore, they define the rationality of social action,
as social actions based on the capacity of perceiving abstract meanings, and in its various
contexts and examples, they consider the definition and observance of the method as
well as rational calculation in social action as only one of the criteria for being rational,
and in this respect, they don't let the society suffer from a crisis of spirituality.
Keywords Rationality, social action, Max weber, Islamic wisdom.
1. Assistant professor, department of social sciences, Baqir al-Olum University. nasraqajani@bou.ac.ir 2. Assistant professor, department of social sciences, Baqir al-Olum University. islamitanha@bou.ac.ir 3. PhD student in philosophy of social sciences, Baqir al-Olum University. mansurmohamady@ bou.ac.ir

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34. Auguste Comte (1875), System of Positive Polity, Fiest Volume. London Longmans,
Geeen, and Co.
35. Foley, R. (1988), Some Different Conceptions of Rationality in McMillin (ed),
Constraction and Constraint, University of Notre Dame Press.
36. Russell, B. (1956), Human Society in Ethics and Politics, Allen and Unwin.
37. Weber, M.