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Access to Relief Entitlements and Implementation of Central Government Directives A survey of Low-Income Settlements in

Ahmedabad during lockdown due to COVID - 19

Citizens for Shelter and Housing Alliance (CISHAA)

Report | June 2020 | Ahmedabad

Access to Relief Entitlements and Implementation of Central

Government Directives

A survey of Low-Income Settlements in Ahmedabad during

lockdown due to COVID - 19

Access to Relief Entitlements and Implementation of Central Government Directives

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Analysis and Writing

Darshini Mahadevia

Renu Desai

Layout & Design

Shaurya Patel

Questionnaire Preparation and Research Planning

Bijal Brahmbhatt

Kirtee Shah

Preeti Oza

Rafi Malek

Rajendra Joshi

Survey Team

Saath Charitable Trust

Madhu Solanki

Mittal Gohel

Neeta Parmar

Parul Prajapati

Pravin Zala

Preeti Oza

Venugopal Agrawal

Centre for Development (CfD)

Abidbeg Mirza

Iqbal Malek

Rajni Sadhu

Sajeda Bijapur

Sharif Malek

Yash Makwana

Zakir Kazi

REPORT TEAM


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Mahila Housing Trust (MHT)

MHT team

MHT’s Vikasinis

Prayas Centre for Labour Research and Action (PCLRA)

Bhupat Solanki

Meena Jadav

Preeti Oza

Human Development Resource Centre (HDRC) Team

Savitabhen


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1. Highlights .................................................................................................................... 5

2. Background............................................................................................................... 10

3. Government Relief for the Urban Poor .................................................................. 14

3.1. Financial Assistance through Direct Cash Transfers ..................................... 14

3.2. Food Relief Entitlements: Assistance through Public Distribution System

(PDS) by Central government and Gujarat government ............................................. 15

3.3. Food entitlements: Nutritional Food for beneficiaries of anganwadi schemes

17

3.4. Food entitlements: Mid-day meal scheme for students of 1-8th standard . 17

3.5. Government Directives ................................................................................... 17

4. Findings ..................................................................................................................... 20

4.1. Access to Food Relief Entitlements through PDS and Other Food Relief .... 20

4.2. Direct cash transfer into Jan Dhan accounts ................................................. 29

4.3. Health Issues ................................................................................................... 30

4.4. Rent Relief ....................................................................................................... 34

5. Annexures ................................................................................................................. 36

TABLE OF CONTENTS


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1. Highlights In response to COVID – 19, the Government of India responded by lockdown from

March 25 to May 31, 2020 in four phases. The first lockdown from March 25 to April

14, 2020, for 21 days was announced with 4 hours’ notice. The second lockdown was

from April 15 to May 3, 2020, which continued to be stringent in Ahmedabad city. The

numbers continuing to rise led to a further lockdown announcement from May 4 to

May 17, 2020. In this period, once again, with a very short notice, Ahmedabad city

announced a very stringent lock down from May 7 to May 14, 2020 period, disallowing

any food and vegetable shops to function and also disallowing any food/ ration

distribution by the civil society organisations. The fourth lockdown was from May 18 till

May 31, 2020. Beyond May 31, 2020, some individual localities continue to be classified

as containment zones and there are movement restrictions in these.

A group of eight Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) and some individuals had formed

Citizens for Shelter and Housing Alliance (CISHAA) in 2019 to take up collaborative

studies and collective policy advocacy on issues faced by the urban poor, particularly

shelter and housing. In the context of the lockdown, the CSOs decided to distribute

ration kits and food to the most distressed in the city under the CISHAA banner. During

the relief distribution CISHAA also decided to conduct a survey of households among

the localities they were working with the purpose of assessing whether the households

in these localities could access the announced relief measures. Five of the CSO

members conducted the survey. Below are the highlights of the survey.

o The survey was undertaken during April 27 to May 22, 2020

o The survey covered 759 households in 64 slums and low-income localities,

spread over 29 of the total 48 wards of the city.

o Among the surveyed households, 32 % were upper caste Hindus, 35 % were

Muslims, 9 % were OBC, 18 % were Scheduled Castes and 5 % Scheduled Tribes

o The average household size of sampled households is 5.11, which is higher

than the 2011 population census’s average household size of 4.7 of

Ahmedabad city.

o Access to Food Relief Entitlements through PDS: The State has failed to deliver

the food relief entitlements announced by the Central government and

Gujarat government to large numbers of lower-income households, both

ration cardholders and non-ration cardholders.

▪ Overall, among the 759 surveyed households, which included both

ration cardholders and non-ration cardholders, 59 % reported

receiving free ration from the government while 37 % reported that


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they did not receive any free ration from the government. Remaining

4 % did not report whether they received free ration or not.

▪ 74.7 % of the 759 surveyed households had ration cards. However,

22.8 % of the households having ration card had not received any free

ration from the government: 18.7 % were from APL category, 3.9 %

were from BPL category and 0.2 % were from Antyodaya category.

▪ 25.3 % of the 759 surveyed households did not have ration cards.

Although the Gujarat government’s Anna Brahma Yojana was

supposed to give food relief through PDS to non-ration cardholders

such as migrants, destitutes, etc, 79.7 % of the households without

ration card did not receive any free ration from the government.

▪ The mean number of days for which households reported receiving

free ration from government was only 16 days. In fact, majority of

households should have received free ration from the PDS for a

minimum of a month since 93 % of the surveys were conducted in the

month of May.

▪ Work is unlikely to begin for few months at full swing in many of the

sectors that employ lower-income households, therefore, food

distribution from PDS will be critical for these households in the

coming months. In the most recent round of distribution from PDS

under Anna Brahma Yojana, the Gujarat government has put in a

requirement to furnish Aadhar card. Instead of putting in such

requirements that would result in exclusion of non-ration

cardholders from the food relief entitlements, steps need to be taken

to ensure that all non-ration cardholders receive the quota as per the

Anna Brahma Yojana. To ensure that both ration cardholders and

non-ration cardholders receive their food relief entitlements in the

coming months, supply of adequate quota to the ration shops must

be ensured so that the shops can distribute the allocated amounts to

everyone. Local-level corruption resulting in some ration shop

owners selling ration on the black market, which includes selling to

non-ration cardholders rather than giving them ration for free, must

be tackled. Information about the amounts that households are

entitled to under each category of ration card and under Anna

Brahma Yojana for non-ration cardholders must be effectively

communicated. Fast-track procedures must be put in place to resolve

the issues of those whose ration cards are not operational. In case of

households comprising of only person(s) above the age of 60 years, a

mechanism can be put in place at a local level such as municipal ward


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level to ensure that they receive the free ration they are entitled to,

without having to leave their homes in this period of the pandemic.

o Access to Cooked Food distributed by Government: The local authorities

distributed cooked food supplied by various social organisations, citizen

groups, restaurants, etc, however, this reached only 34.4 % of the 759

surveyed households.

o Access to Food Relief by Non-State actors and Political parties: Non-State

actors like social organisations played an important role in food relief,

supplying it either as ration kits or as cooked food.

▪ 36.6 % of the 759 surveyed households reported receiving ration kits

from a social organisation.

▪ 9.5 % of the 759 surveyed households reported that social

organisations distributed cooked food to them.

▪ Only 1.1 % reported receiving ration kits from political parties, and

only 2.4 % reported receiving cooked food from political parties.

▪ The survey found that 102 households, that is 13.4 %, did not get

cooked food or ration from either government, social organisations,

private individuals or political parties.

o Financial assistance through Jan Dhan Yojana: The State has failed to deliver

financial relief to majority of the lower-income households through direct cash

transfers into Jan Dhan accounts.

▪ Only 43.1 % of the 759 surveyed households had a jan dhan account,

with 25.2 % reporting that they received a cash transfer, and 17.9%

reporting that they did not receive a cash transfer or did not know if

they had received a cash transfer. 82.1 % of the households who had

received a cash transfer reported getting only the first instalment of

Rs.500, although this is likely to be under-reporting.

▪ Significantly, 37.4 % of the 759 surveyed households had no jan dhan

account or had a dormant account, and thus were excluded from

receiving this financial assistance from the state. The remaining

19.5% did not respond as to whether they had a jan dhan account

and had received a cash transfer.

▪ The financial relief in the form of direct cash transfer by government

has been criticized by scholars and organisations working in the

development sector for being too inadequate in terms of the amount.

Since work is unlikely to begin for few months at full swing in many of

the sectors that employ lower-income households, direct cash

transfers which are of higher amounts will be critical for these

households in the coming months. Issues regarding dormant


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accounts need to be resolved on a priority basis. Extending this

financial relief to only women jan dhan yojana account holders has

also excluded many poor households from getting this relief.

o 55 of the total surveyed households reported that at least someone in the

household had some illness. Among these 55, 30 of them had heart related

illness including blood pressure, diabetes and TB. 73 % of those with the illness

did receive medical attention.

o In only 1 5% of the households, children received food from the anganwadi

during the lockdown period

o More than half the households did not respond to the question as to whether

ASHA workers visited their area. But, of those who responded, only 25 %

replied in positive. Thus, ASHA workers, who have played stellar role in

controlling the Covid – 19 pandemic in Kerala did not play this role in

Ahmedabad.

o Only 10 % of Muslim households reported ASHA workers’ visit to their areas

during the Covid – 19 pandemic lockdown. 53 % of SC households reported

ASHA workers’ visit to their area during the lockdown.

o 15 % of the households reported pregnant women receiving nutritious food

during the lockdown period. In this also, Muslim households fared the worst;

only 8.3 % Muslim households stated that the pregnant women received

nutritious food.

o 38 % of the responding households stated that at least one family member

suffered from anxiety, depression or fear due to the conditions of lockdown

and Covid – 19 pandemic. About 52 % Muslim households expressed that

someone in the family was suffering from anxiety, depression or fear in this

period, while only 27.5 % upper caste Hindus reported such a condition.

o Only 5% households reported incidence of violence within the family.

o Of the 200 households that were living on rent out of the 759 surveyed

households, 44.5 % had been told to pay the rent by their landlords.


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2. Background COVID – 19 or SARS-CoV-2 pandemic gripping the world since December 2019,

accelerating into first half of 2020 leading to close to 350,000 deaths by end-May1 and

counting, has raised multiple questions about its epidemiology and containment. The

virus spread started from Wuhan, a 11.1 million city in South China, spread to European

cities and then in the cities of the United States of America (USA). In India, a few cases

began to be reported from February 15, 2020, but picked up from March 20, 20202

leading to a lockdown from March 24, 2020, which continued till May 31, 2020 in the

whole country, with partial opening post May 17 in based on the classification of areas

as Red, Orange and Green zones. As we write this report, Ahmedabad City has crossed

12,250 mark with 854 deceased3 (See Figure 2.1).

The first lockdown from March 25 to April 14, 2020, for 21 days was announced with 4

hours’ notice. The second lockdown was from April 15 to May 3, 2020, which continued

to be stringent in Ahmedabad city. The numbers continuing to rise led to a further

lockdown announcement from May 4 to May 17, 2020. In this period, once again, with

a very short notice, Ahmedabad city announced a very stringent lockdown from May 7

to May 14, 2020 period, disallowing any food and vegetable shops to function and also

disallowing any food/ ration distribution by the civil society organisations. The fourth

lockdown was from May 18 till May 31, 2020. Beyond May 31, 2020, some individual

localities continue to be classified as containment zones and there are movement

restrictions in these.

In 2019, eight Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) in Ahmedabad, Saath Charitable Trust,

Aajeevika Bureau, Mahila Housing Trust, Prayas Centre for Labour Research and Action,

Childline Ahmedabad, Centre for Development, Human Development and Research

Centre and Habitat Forum had come together and formed Citizens for Shelter and

Housing Alliance (CISHAA). Soon after the announcement of the lockdown, the CSOs

decided to undertake relief under the CISHAA banner and distribute ration kits to

distressed families, both permanent and non-permanent migrants, as well as stranded

single male migrants. Individuals also joined the CISHAA effort in due course of time.

1 https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ (accessed on May 15, 2020). 2 https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/india/ (accessed on May 15, 2020). 3 https://ahmedabadcity.gov.in/portal/web?requestType=ApplicationRH&actionVal=loadCoronaRelatedDtls&queryType=Select&screenId=114, (accessed on June 2, 2020)

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/

https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/india/

https://ahmedabadcity.gov.in/portal/web?requestType=ApplicationRH&actionVal=loadCoronaRelatedDtls&queryType=Select&screenId=114


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Figure 2.1 Coronavirus Daily Case Count Ahmedabad City

Source: Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation

CISHAA decided to conduct a survey to assess if the households and individuals in the

localities of CISHAA members’ work, which includes areas where they have been

engaged for long time and where they engaged in ration kit distribution in wake of Covid

– 19 lockdown, had access to various relief entitlements announced by the central and

state governments. The survey sought to assess as to whether the central government

directives, in particular appeals of the Prime Minister of India, were implemented. The

data generated by the survey, it is expected, would be used by the CISHAA members to

work with the local level AMC officials and the respective councilors and MLAs to

improve access to various entitlements.

This was a quick survey, undertaken during April 27 to May 22, 2020. It covered 759

households in 64 slums and low-income localities, spread over 29 of the total 48 wards

of the city. Fifty five (7.2%) of the surveys were conducted during lockdown 2 period

(April 14 to May 3, 2020), another 292 (38.5%) were conducted during the lockdown 3

(May 4 to May 17, 2020) and 412 (54.3%) were conducted during the lockdown 4 which

was the last lockdown phase. The sample in each settlement is small but represents

large part of the city where low-income households are located. These localities are the

ones wherein CISHAA had undertaken supply of food rations during the lockdown.

0

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Coronavirus (COVID 19) Daily Case Count Ahmedabad City


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Among the surveyed households, 32 % were upper castes Hindus, 35 % were Muslims,

9 % were OBC, 18 % were Scheduled Castes and 5 % Scheduled Tribes. Two households

of Nepali origin were also covered. The ward-wise data generated are in the Annexures

at the end. The average Household size of the surveyed households is 5.11, with

maximum of 20 in one household and some single person households. The household

size of the surveyed sample is higher than the average of 4.7 of Ahmedabad city as per

2011 population census data. The explanation is obvious as the survey covers low

income households that tend to have higher than average household size.

The surveyors were instructed to try to cover 10 per cent of the households in every

settlement where they undertook the survey. They were also asked to roughly estimate

the proportion of tenants in each settlement where they undertook the survey, and try

to include the same proportion of tenants in their sample from the settlement as far as

possible.4 The inclusion of tenants in the survey was to ensure that migrants (circular

and more recent ones) living in these settlements are also included in the survey,

although not all tenants would necessarily be such migrants. It was also to ensure a

reasonable sample size of tenants to examine whether the government’s rent relief

measure was successful.

4 The survey was undertaken over the phone due to the constraints on movement under the lockdown and social distancing precautions, and therefore while the surveyors tried to follow this methodology, they were not able to do so in all the settlements.


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3. Government Relief for the Urban Poor The Central government announced a Rs.1.7 lakh crore relief package on March 26,

2020, under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojna (PMGKY). This included a number

of relief measures aimed at mitigating the impacts of the coronavirus lockdown on the

poor. These measures were not only inadequate but also did not take into account the

plight of workers left stranded away from their home districts and states. On May 14,

2020, the Central government announced a second tranche of the economic package.

3.1. Financial Assistance through Direct Cash Transfers Under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) relief package, 20 crore

women Jan Dhan account holders were to be given Rs.500 per month for 3 months. Jan

Dhan accounts become inoperative/dormant if there has been no transaction in the

account for over two years. And there is a concern that the large number of

inoperative/dormant accounts, estimated to be around 18% across India,5 has impacted

access of poor women to this financial assistance. Moreover, men make up half of the

approximately 38 crore Jan Dhan account holders, and it is likely that the targeting of

this relief measure to women Jan Dhan account holders only will leave out families in

need of such a cash transfer.

Under PMGKY, an estimated 3 crore senior citizens, widows and persons with disability

were to be given a one-time additional transfer of Rs.1,000 in two instalments over

three months. According to the Centre for Social Justice toolkit, they were also to be

given collective pension for three months.6

A number of State governments have used the ration card as a mechanism to identify

households for financial assistance. On April 18, 2020, the Gujarat government,

announced a one-time direct cash transfer of Rs.1000 under its Mukhya Mantri Garib

Kalyan Package to BPL card holders and Antodaya cardholders. Beneficiaries were to be

given Rs.1000 from April 20 onwards.7 This was supposed to cover 68 lakh ration

cardholders, but some 26 lakh were reported as not having verified bank accounts and

while the State government began a massive exercise for verification, the question

remains as to whether all these ration cardholders got this financial assistance.

5 https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/money-and-banking/almost-every-fifth-jan-dhan-account-inoperative/article30754738.ece (accessed 29.5.2020) 6 “Monitoring State Response to Rights of Vulnerable during COVID 19 Lockdown,” Toolkit by Centre for Social Justice, page 28 7 https://indianexpress.com/article/india/over-26-lakh-ration-cards-unverified-guj-govt-starts-door-to-door-survey-6376255/ (accessed 29.5.2020)

https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/money-and-banking/almost-every-fifth-jan-dhan-account-inoperative/article30754738.ece

https://indianexpress.com/article/india/over-26-lakh-ration-cards-unverified-guj-govt-starts-door-to-door-survey-6376255/


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3.2. Food Relief Entitlements: Assistance through Public

Distribution System (PDS) by Central government and

Gujarat government Under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) relief package, 80 crore people

under the National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013 were to be given 5 kg wheat/rice per

person per month for three months (April-June), free of cost. They were also to be given

1 kg of pulses per month per family for three months (April-June), free of cost. This was

to be given to ration cardholders for both categories included under NFSA, that is,

Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) cardholders who are the poorest of the poor and Priority

Households (PHH). This measure did not universalize access to the PDS, which was the

need of the hour. It was only in mid-April that it was announced under PMGKY to extend

these food entitlements to Non-NFSA ration cardholders, while in early-May it was

announced that Non-NFSA APL-1 cardholders would be provided with 10 kg wheat, 3

kg rice, 1 kg dal and 1 kg sugar per ration card under PMGKY. On May 14, 2020, in the

second tranche of the economic package, the Central Government also announced that

migrants who are neither covered under the NFSA nor are state ration cardholders in

the state where they are stationed/stranded will be provided 5 kg of wheat/rice per

person and 1 kg of chana per family per month for two months, May and June, free of

cost.8 This was meant to reach 8 crore migrants, a number based on state government

reports of migrants living in shelter camps.

State governments also announced assistance through PDS. The Gujarat government

implemented free ration for the months of April, May and June. This included the two

NFSA categories of AAY and PHH. In Gujarat, when the NFSA began to be implemented

in 2016, the PHH were identified using the 2011 Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC),

however, large number of BPL and even APL-1 households were left out of the NFSA as

a result.9 The free ration through PDS was extended to Non-NFSA BPL ration

cardholders and also Non-NFSA APL-1 ration cardholders, as well as non-ration

cardholders. However, the distribution of ration to these different groups was

staggered, and the food basket also varied to some extent (see Box 1).

8 https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/govt-announces-free-5-kg-grain-1-kg-pulses-to-8-crore-migrants-for-2-months/1834485 (accessed 29.5.2020) 9 Discussion with Pankti Jog, on June 1, 2020. The Gujarat government GRs for food relief through PDS during the lockdown state that there are 8.07 lakh households under AAY and 57.33 lakh households under PHH. Thus, total of 65.40 lakh households under NFSA in Gujarat. These GRs also mention that there are 3.4 lakh households who are Non-NFSA BPL ration cardholders and 61.1 lakh households who are Non-NFSA APL-1 ration cardholders.

https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/govt-announces-free-5-kg-grain-1-kg-pulses-to-8-crore-migrants-for-2-months/1834485


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Box 1: Dates for PDS distribution in Gujarat to different categories in April & May10 Distribution to NFSA cardholders (AAY and PHH): ▪ April 1 to April 3, 2020 (distribution of ration by GOG) ▪ April 25 to April 30, 2020 (distribution of additional ration under PMGKY) ▪ May 17 to May 28, 2020 Distribution to Non-NFSA BPL cardholders and those without ration card: ▪ April 4 to April 6, 2020 ▪ May 17 to May 28, 2020 Distribution to Non-NFSA APL-1 cardholders: ▪ April 13 to April 18, 2020 ▪ May 7 to May 11, 2020

10 These dates have been listed based on WhatsApp messages received about distribution of ration through PDS and Gujarat government GRs (For example, see Figure 3.1 & Figure 3.2). There is some confusion as to whether there was another round of distribution to non-NFSA BPL cardholders and non-ration cardholders in the month of May.

Figure 3.1 WhatsApp message for distribution of ration for APL-1 in April

Figure 3.2 WhatsApp message for distribution of ration for NFSA and Non-NFSA BPL Cardholders in May


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3.3. Food entitlements: Nutritional Food for beneficiaries

of anganwadi schemes The nutritional food given to pregnant and lactating mothers and young children under

the Central government’s anganwadi scheme was to be given to them at their door-

step during the lockdown (See Table 3.1).

Table 3.1 Nutritional food to be given to beneficiaries of Anganwadi Scheme11

3.4. Food entitlements: Mid-day meal scheme for students

of 1-8th standard Since the schools were closed down, the food entitlements under mid-day meal scheme

running in government schools were to be provided to the students at their homes.

Cooking cost and ration was to be given for each day from March 16, 2020 till schools

remained closed, and could be given daily or lumpsum for few days (See Table 3.2)

Table 3.2 Mid-day meal scheme

3.5. Government Directives On May 29, 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) issued an advisory to State/Union

Territory governments and State/Union Territory authorities to take the following two

measures:12

I. All the employers, be it in the industry or in the shops and commercial

establishments, shall make payment of wages of their workers, at their work

places, on the due date, without any deduction, for the period their

establishments are under closure during the lockdown.

11 “Monitoring State Response to Rights of Vulnerable during COVID 19 Lockdown,” Toolkit by Centre for Social Justice, page 36 12 Notification 40-3/2020-DM-I(A), Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, dated March 29, 2020

Pregnant and Lactating mothers 4 packets of matru shakti

Child: 6 months to 3 years 7 packets of bal shakti

Malnourished child: 6 months to 3 years 10 packets bal shakti

Child: 3 years to 6 years 2 packets bal shakti

Malnourished Child: 3 years to 6 years 4 packets bal shakti

Standard 1-5 Rs.4.95 cooking cost + 100 gm ration

Standard 6-8 Rs.6.95 cooking cost + 150 gm ration


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II. Where ever the workers, including the migrants, are living in rented

accommodation, the landlords of those properties shall not demand payment

of rent for a period of one month. If any landlord is forcing labourers and

students to vacate their premises, they will be liable for action.


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4. Findings 4.1. Access to Food Relief Entitlements through PDS and

Other Food Relief Low-income households faced dire issues in terms of accessing adequate food during

the lockdown. Many are daily wagers and in absence of being able to earn wages due

to the lockdown, they quickly ran out of cash to buy food and other essentials. Many

low-income households are also self-employed and bring home daily earnings, and it is

likely that they too faced a situation of not having cash to buy food since their earnings

stopped due to lockdown. Even those who were in relatively regular jobs and received

monthly wages seem to have faced issues accessing cash for food since many employers

of such workers did not pay them for the lockdown period, and many employers also

did not pay due wages to their workers for work already done prior to the lockdown.

Given the absence of cash to buy food, large part of the state and non-state relief

measures during the lockdown period focused on providing dry ration and cooked food.

Figure 4.1 Percentage of Households who received free ration from government

The Central and State governments announced free ration from the PDS for the three

months of April, May and June. In Gujarat, free ration from the PDS was to be given to

all categories of ration cardholders (Antyodaya, BPL and APL, both those under NFSA

and non-NFSA) as well as the non-ration cardholders, however, the amounts to be given

32.526.5

37

4

100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Ration received (withno. of days reported)

Ration received (withno. of days not

reported)

No ration received Not available Total

% households who received free ration from government


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varied for some of the categories and also the dates on which different categories were

to be given free ration varied.

Overall, 448 of the total 759 surveyed households, that is 59 %, reported receiving free

ration from the government. 282 households, that is 37 %, did not receive any free

ration from the government. The remaining 29 households, that is around 4 %, did not

report if they received any ration from government or not (See Figure 4.1; also see Table

4.1 for community wise distribution).

Table 4.1 Free Ration received from government, by community

In terms of ration cards, the survey found that 567 households of the total 759 surveyed

households, that is 74.7 %, had ration cards. 63.4 % (481 households) had APL ration

cards; 10 % (76 households) had BPL ration cards and 1.3 % (10 households) had

Antyodaya cards. 192 of the total 759 surveyed households, that is 25.3 %, did not have

ration cards (See Figure 4.2, which also shows community-wise distribution of ration

cards). The various reasons for these 192 households not having a ration card would

have to be examined, however, some likely reasons were identified from the data and

the surveyors’ knowledge of the residents of the localities. Of the 192 households

without ration card, 61 households (31 %) were tenants while the remaining 131 (69 %)

who were not tenants included households who owned their house, households who

had been resettled in EWS housing but were not yet owners of the house, households

living in kutcha shacks on footpaths or government land, and households living with

relatives. It is likely that many of the 61 tenants who do not have ration card are

migrants (circular or more recent ones). Among the 131 who are non-tenants, one

Community

Ration received (with no. of days reported)

Ration received (with no. of days not reported)

No ration received

Not available

Total

Muslim 142 33 79 13 267

Hindu upper caste

13 121 107 1 242

OBC 22 14 26 10 72

SC 67 22 50 1 140

ST 3 11 18 4 36

Nepali 0 0 2 0 2

Total 247 201 282 29 759


22

reason for not having ration card was that some are migrants (circular or more recent

ones), especially those living in kutcha shacks on footpath or government land. Another

reason is that some of those who were resettled in EWS housing after eviction still do

not have a valid ration card for the new locality. There is also a likelihood that among

both the tenants and non-tenants, there are households who are permanently settled

in the city but have found it difficult to obtain a ration card for the city.

Figure 4.2 Community-wise number of households having different types of ration card

Of the 567 households having ration card, 22.8 % (129 households) had not received

any free ration from the government: 18.7 % were from APL category, 3.9 % were from

BPL category and 0.2 % were from Antyodaya category (Figure 4.3). The reasons for

almost one-fourth of the households with ration card not getting free ration from the

government requires an in-depth investigation into how the PDS system operates in

Ahmedabad in general along with the operational aspects for food relief through PDS

in the current situation. However, discussions within each NGO team threw light on

some of the reasons found in the different localities where the survey was conducted.

One reason was that many APL cardholders did not get ration in the initial stages of

distribution because of confusion regarding whether they were to be given free ration

and the documentary proof required for this. Even though APL cardholders without the

9 0 0 1 0 0 101431

8 212 0

76

178159

35

97

12 0

481

6652

29 21 222

192

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Muslim Hindu uppercaste

OBC SC ST Nepali Total

Community-wise number of households with different types of ration cards

Antyodaya BPL APL No ration card


23

NFSA stamp on their ration card were eligible for free ration, in some areas the ration

shop owners gave free ration only to APL cardholders who had the NFSA stamp. There

were also reports of ration shops in certain areas remaining open for very less time

during the lockdown, making it difficult for all to get the free ration; ration shops getting

inadequate quota from the central PDS supply so as to be able to distribute the

announced allocations to all; and corruption at some ration shops. Some households

shared that the reason they could not get the free ration was because their ration cards

were not operational since they had not been able to complete the necessary

procedures such as giving thumb impression and linking the ration card with other

documents.

Figure 4.3 Households with ration card who did not receive free ration from government

The Gujarat government’s Anna Brahma Yojana was supposed to give food relief

through PDS to non-ration cardholders such as migrants, destitute, etc. However, of the

192 households without ration card, 79.7 % (153 households) did not receive any free

ration from the government (Figure 4.4). The reasons for so few non-ration cardholders

getting the free ration are not clear. There were reports from the ground that in some

areas, the ration shop owner had given free ration to those without ration card whereas

in other areas, the shop owner had not. In some areas, the ration shop owner had in

fact sold ration to people on the black market, revealing that corruption also played a

role in denying these food relief entitlements to people. One of the NGOs reported that

the government had engaged the government school teachers to fill forms of those

567

129

122

106100

22.80.2 3.9 18.7

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Households withration card

Households withration card who didnot get free ration

Antyodaya BPL APL

Households with ration card who did not receive free ration from government

Count Percentage


24

without ration card, and people were to be given free ration based on this identification

process. However, each school was given only 100 forms for their teachers to fill, and

therefore if there were more than this number of non-ration cardholders, then they got

left out of the identification and were therefore denied free ration.

Figure 4.4 Households without ration card who did not receive free ration from government

Table 4.2 Days for which free ration was received from government, by type of ration card

From the 448 households who received free ration from the government, 247

households reported the number of days for which they received this free ration.

Overall, the mean number of days for which they received ration from the government

was only 16 days. There was a wide variation in the number of days for which

households received ration (Table 4.2). These findings can be partly attributed to the

varying amounts of ration that were to be given based on the ration card category.

However, there was wide variation in number of days of ration received even within a

192

153

10079.7

0

50

100

150

200

250

Households without ration card Households without ration card who did not get freeration

Households without ration card who did not receive free ration from government

Count Percentage

Ration card Mean number of days for which free ration was received from government

Number of households

Standard Deviation

Antyodaya 28.75 8 3.536

BPL 22.85 34 12.837

APL 14.47 201 8.479

No ration card 15.50 4 10.536

Total (all ration card categories)

16.10 247 9.796


25

specific ration card category (Table 4.2). The mean number of days for which Antyodaya

cardholders, BPL cardholders and APL cardholders received free ration from the

government was approximately 29 days, 23 days, and 15 days, respectively. Among the

BPL and APL households in particular, there was quite a wide variation among the

households in terms of number of days for which they received the free ration from the

government (Table 4.2). Among the 4 households without ration card, who reported

the number of days for which they received free ration from government, the mean

number of days for which they received ration was only about 15 days; in their case too

there was significant variation (Table 4.2). What are the reasons for households within

each of the ration card categories getting varying amounts of free ration? From the

surveyors’ ground reports, it seems that there have been numerous issues with the PDS

delivery mechanisms. This includes the ration shop owners not getting the required

quota from the central PDS supply, due to which they were unable to give the

announced allotments to the people, as well as corruption at certain ration shops. There

are also issues with regard to awareness among the people regarding how much ration

they should receive.

Table 4.3 Days for which free ration was received from government, by community

In terms of community, the mean number of days for which free ration was received

from the government was lowest among the SC community (almost 15 days), then

Muslims (15.75 days), then OBC (17.64 days). It was highest about the Hindu upper-

caste (20 days) and ST community (30 days). But here too, there was wide variation in

number of days of ration received among households within a community (Table 4.3).

Various social organisations (CSOs and even citizen groups that were formed to carry

out relief work in the lockdown period) also engaged in massive distribution of both

ration kits and cooked food packets in Ahmedabad. The amount of dry ration in the kits

Community Mean number of days for which free ration was received from government


Standard Deviation

Muslim 15.75 142 8.479

Hindu upper-caste

20.15 13 9.763

OBC 17.64 22 13.831

SC 14.93 67 10.555

ST 30.00 3 0

Total 16.10 247 9.796


26

provided by such non-state actors varied, with some kits providing dry ration for a week,

others providing for 10 days, etc. Figure 4.5 suggests that the reach of these social

organisations seems to still have been quite limited. 278 households of the total 759

surveyed households, that is 36.6 %, reported receiving ration from a social

organisation, while 444 households, that is 58.5 %, had not received any ration from a

social organisation. The mean number of days for which ration was received from social

organisations was only 13 days, with 3 being the minimum number of days and 72 being

the maximum number of days.

Figure 4.5 Percentage of Households who received free ration from social organisations

35.4

1.2

58.5

4.9

100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Ration received (withno. of days reported)

Ration received (withno. of days not

reported)

No ration received Not available Total

% households who reported receiving dry ration from social organisations


27

In terms of community, the mean number of days for which ration was received from

social organisations was the least for Nepalis (7 days) and Muslims (10.62 days) (See

Table 4.4).

Table 4.4 Days for which free ration was received from social organisations, by community

Only 12 of the 759 households, that is 1.6 %, reported getting dry ration kits from

private individuals and political parties.

In Ahmedabad, social organisations also distributed cooked food packets, while the

municipal corporation and other government departments distributed cooked food

packets provided by such social organisations as well as restaurants/hotels. The mean

number of days for receiving cooked food from government is approximately 16 days.

261 of the 759 surveyed households, that is 34.4 % reported that they received cooked

food from the government (Figure 4.6 and Table 4.5), with number of days for which

they received this varying between 2 days to 35 days (see Table 4.5 for community wise

cooked food distribution by government). 72 households, that is 9.5 % reported

receiving cooked food from social organisations (Figure 4.6). Only 29 households, that

is 3.8 %, reported receiving cooked food from a private individual or political party

(Figure 4.7). Significantly, the survey found that 102 households, that is 13.4 %, did not

get cooked food or ration from government, social organisations, private individuals or

political parties.

Community

Mean number of days for which free ration was received from social organisations


Standard Deviation

Muslim 10.62 134 5.094

Hindu upper caste

23.74 27 7.388

OBC 13.44 32 6.988

SC 12.30 57 11.006

ST 18.39 18 8.233

Nepali 7.00 1

Total 13.13 269 8.372


28

Figure 4.6 Percentage of Households who received cooked food from government and social organisations

Figure 4.7 Percentage of Households who received cooked food from Private Individuals and Political Parties

28.1

6.3

58.2

7.4

100

0

9.5

36

54.5

100

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Cooked food received(no. of days reported)

Cooked food received(no. of days not

reported)

Cooked food notreceived

Not available Total

% households who reported receiving cooked food from government and social organisations

Government Social organisation

0 1.4

43.9

54.7

100.0

0.0 2.4

42.8

54.8

100.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Cooked FoodReceived (No. of Days

Reported)

Cooked FoodReceived (No. of Days

Not Reported)

Cooked Food NotReceived

Not Available Total

% Households who reported receving cooked food from private individuals and political parties

Private Individual Political Parties


29

Table 4.5 Cooked Food received from government, by community

4.2. Direct cash transfer into Jan Dhan accounts The central government announced a direct cash transfer into accounts of women with

Jan Dhan accounts. Although the survey did not collect information on whether a

woman of the household had a Jan Dhan account, the survey findings still tell us about

the numbers of households who received this assistance and the number of households

who could not benefit from this relief measure. 284 of the total 759 surveyed

households, that is 37.4 % of the households either had no Jan Dhan account or had a

dormant account. 25.2 % had a Jan Dhan account and received a cash transfer while

17.9 % had a Jan Dhan account but had either not received a cash transfer or did not

know if they received a cash transfer (Figure 4.8). The main reason for not receiving a

cash transfer would be that the account was in the name of a male member of the

household (it is assumed that if the account is dormant then the respondent knows

about this and has reported it as dormant). The main reasons for not knowing if they

received a cash transfer are technical issues such as their mobile number not being

registered with their Jan Dhan account, and not visiting the bank physically in order to

find out given the lockdown situation. From the 184 households who did receive a cash

transfer, 151 reported receiving Rs.500 while remaining 33 households reported

receiving Rs.1000 (See Figure 4.8). Since 412 households were surveyed after May 17,

these households should have received Rs.1000. From discussions in the NGOs with

their surveyors and community leaders, it appears that many may have received

Rs.1000 (two installments of Rs.500 each), however, did not know of the second

Community

Received Cooked Food (with no. of days reported)

Received Cooked Food (with no. of days not reported)

No Cooked Food received

Not available

Total

Muslim 114 11 110 1 267

Hindu upper caste

15 19 207 32 242

OBC 22 10 33 7 72

SC 49 6 72 13 140

ST 11 2 20 3 36

Nepali 2 0 0 0 2

Total 213 48 442 56 759


30

installment as they had not gone to their bank to check. There was also a view that

some households may have denied reporting that they got Rs.1000, because they felt

they might get another installment then.

Figure 4.8 Percentage of Households who received a direct cash transfer into jan dhan account

4.3. Health Issues Lockdown, which has been enforced very rigorously, proved particularly difficult for

those with other morbidity conditions, pregnant and lactating mothers and children

dependent on Anganwadi for mid-day meals. The survey found that 55 of the total 579

households, that is 7.2 % of the surveyed households reported someone with critical

illness. The diseases reported were varied. Three of the households that reported

critical illness, 3 did not specify any illness. Of the 55 who reported, 30 had heart related

problems including blood pressure, diabetes and tuberculosis (See Figure 4.9). 40 of the

households (72.7%) stated that the those with illness were able to get medical

attention.

25.2

17.9

37.4

19.5

100.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Received Money inJDY Account

No Amount Receivedin JDY Account

No Jan Dhan accountor dormant Jan Dhan

Account

Not Available Total

% households who received a direct cash transfer into a jan dhan account


31

Figure 4.9 Incidence of Illness

Another issue that the study sought to understand was whether children in these

localities were provided food by the anganwadis. Only 15 % households reported that

their children did receive some food from the anganwadi in their area. Among different

communities, the worst access was of the children of Muslim households’ and the best

of the children of Scheduled Caste households (See Figure 4.10). Only 6.4 % of Muslim

households reported that their children received food from the anganwadi, while 24.3

% of Scheduled Castes households reported their children received food from the

anganwadi.

Figure 4.10 Households wherein children received food from anganwadi

87

65

43

2 2 2 21 1 1 1 1 1

5

0123456789

Dia

bet

es

Blo

od

Pre

ssu

re

Dia

bet

es &

He

art

Pro

ble

m TB

He

art

Pro

ble

ms

Par

alys

is

Feve

r

Han

dic

app

ed

Lun

g Pr

ob

lem

Men

tal H

ealt

h

Bo

ne

Dis

ease

Can

cer

Frac

ture

Kid

ney

Infe

ctio

n

Mig

rain

e

Surg

ery

Min

or

illn

ess

Incidence of Illness

24.322.2

19.0

15.012.5

6.4

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

SC ST Hindu Total OBC Muslim

% of households wherein children received food from anganwadi

No


32

ASHA Workers are frontline workers in any public health emergency. They have played

a stellar role in controlling Covid – 19 pandemic in the state of Kerala. Hence, it whether

in Ahmedabad, ASHA workers played in role was asked. About 54 % households did not

respond to this question, probably due to lack of knowledge that the ASHA workers are

visiting their area. Of those who responded, only 25 % stated that ASHA workers did

visit their area. Thus, we do not find these frontline workers active in Ahmedabad city

during the pandemic lockdown. Once again, least proportion of the Muslims

households and most proportion of Scheduled Casts households reported that the

ASHA workers visited their areas during the pandemic (See Figure 4.11).

Figure 4.11 On ASHA Workers visiting the locality

Figure 4.12 Households reporting receipt of nutritious food by pregnant women

53

38

29

1510

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

SC OBC ST Hindu Muslim

% Households reporting visit of ASHA workers

26.7

23.0

17.8

8.6 8.3

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

ST SC Hindu OBC Muslim

% Households reporting receipt of nutritious food by pregnant women

%


33

On question related to whether the pregnant women had received nutritious food

during the lockdown, about 10 % did not respond. But, among those who responded,

only 15 % replied in positive, that is, 85 % households reported that pregnant women

did not receive any nutritious food during the lockdown. They were not mentioning

about pregnant women in their own household but in general. Once again, the Muslim

households fared the worst (See Figure 4.12) and Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled

Castes household faring the best.

Figure 4.13 Reporting of anxiety, depression or fear

Only 3.7 % households did not respond to the question on whether any family member

was suffering from anxiety, depression or fear due to the combination of lockdown and

Covid – 19 pandemic. Of those who responded, 38 % stated that some family member

suffered from any one of these conditions due to lockdown and Covid -19. About 52 %

Muslim households expressed that someone in the family was suffering from anxiety,

depression or fear in this period, while only 27.5 % upper caste Hindus reported such a

condition. Families do not easily come forth on reporting incidence of violence within

the family. 4.6 % of the respondents did not respond to the question but, among those

who responded, 5 % reported incidence of violence within the family (See Figure 4.13).

52.2

41.9

33.331.4

27.5

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Muslim ST OBC SC Hindu

% Households reporting case of anxiety, depression or fear

% Hhs


34

4.4. Rent Relief The government gave a directive that landlords should not collect rent during the

lockdown period, however, among the 200 households that were living on rent out of

the 759 total surveyed households, there were 89 households, that is 44.5 %, who had

been asked for rent by their landlords (See Figure 4.14).

Figure 4.14 Percentage of Tenant Households who were asked for rent by their landlords

44.551.0

4.5

100.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Living on rent and thelandlord has asked for rent

Living on rent: and thelandlord has not asked for

rent

Living on rent. Howeverinformation on whether

landlord has asked for rentor not is unavailable.

Total

% of tenant households who were asked for rent by their landlords


35


36

5. Annexures

Table 5.1 Information on dates of field survey

Source: Field survey

Dates Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

24-APR-2020 1 .1 .1 .1

27-APR-2020 48 6.3 6.3 6.5

28-APR-2020 4 .5 .5 7.0

01-MAY-2020 2 .3 .3 7.2

05-MAY-2020 1 .1 .1 7.4

08-MAY-2020 12 1.6 1.6 9.0

09-MAY-2020 34 4.5 4.5 13.4

10-MAY-2020 43 5.7 5.7 19.1

11-MAY-2020 34 4.5 4.5 23.6

12-MAY-2020 28 3.7 3.7 27.3

13-MAY-2020 21 2.8 2.8 30.0

14-MAY-2020 74 9.7 9.7 39.8

15-MAY-2020 42 5.5 5.5 45.3

17-MAY-2020 3 .4 .4 45.7

18-MAY-2020 43 5.7 5.7 51.4

19-MAY-2020 63 8.3 8.3 59.7

20-MAY-2020 68 9.0 9.0 68.6

21-MAY-2020 60 7.9 7.9 76.5

22-MAY-2020 69 9.1 9.1 85.6

23-MAY-2020 61 8.0 8.0 93.7

24-MAY-2020 10 1.3 1.3 95.0

25-MAY-2020 38 5.0 5.0 100.0

Total 759 100.0 100.0


37

Table 5.2 Sample and Demographic Data


Ward Sample Hindu Muslim OBC SC ST Av. Household Size

Danilimda 87 0 86 1 0 0 4.94

Amraiwadi 32 0 0 1 31 0 4.31

Ranip 7 0 0 6 0 1 5.57

Chandlodiya 16 1 0 10 2 3 5.25

Behrampura 26 16 2 2 6 0 4.27

Ganeshnagar 20 10 0 1 5 4 4.85

Hathijan 27 0 25 0 2 0 4.41

Jashodanagar 27 5 0 1 10 9 3.67

Naroda 57 29 2 10 6 10 5.88

Ramol 35 0 27 3 5 0 5.31

Sabarmati 2 0 0 2 0 0 4.00

Old City 12 6 3 0 3 0 4.75

Rakhiyal 55 13 40 2 0 0 6.15

Vatva 25 3 0 11 9 2 5.68

Viratnagar 37 16 1 14 6 0 4.70

Juhapura 49 0 48 1 0 0 5.02

Odhav 37 22 0 0 15 0 6.11

Vejalpur 1 0 0 1 0 0 3.00

Lambha 21 0 0 2 18 1 4.10

Gota 15 15 0 0 0 0 4.40

Shahibaug 20 12 0 0 8 0 5.60

Stadium 15 12 0 0 0 3 4.53

Vasna 8 7 0 0 0 1 6.00

Asarwa 34 19 0 4 10 1 5.06

Gomtipur 14 9 4 0 0 1 5.07

Bapunagar 2 0 0 0 2 0 4.00

Sarkhej 10 0 10 0 0 0 4.80

Thakkarbapanagar 27 8 19 0 0 0 4.63

Bhaipura - Hatkeshwar

41 39 0 0 2 0 5.83

Total 759 242 267 72 140 36 5.11


38

Table 5.3 Type of Ration Cards by Wards


Wards Ration Card

Total Antyodaya BPL APL Not Available

Danilimda 0 10 70 7 87

Amraiwadi 0 3 24 5 32

Ranip 0 0 2 5 7

Chandlodiya 0 0 12 4 16

Behrampura 1 5 16 4 26

Ganeshnagar 0 8 2 10 20

Hathijan 0 0 21 6 27

Jashodanagar 0 0 11 16 27

Naroda 0 4 23 30 57

Ramol 9 0 9 17 35

Sabarmati 0 0 0 2 2

Old City 0 0 9 3 12

Rakhiyal 0 5 32 18 55

Vatva 0 6 16 3 25

Viratnagar 0 4 18 15 37

Juhapura 0 0 32 17 49

Odhav 0 1 30 6 37

Vejalpur 0 0 0 1 1

Lambha 0 1 14 6 21

Gota 0 9 5 1 15

Shahibaug 0 5 13 2 20

Stadium 0 2 13 0 15

Vasna 0 1 5 2 8

Asarwa 0 6 27 1 34

Gomtipur 0 1 12 1 14

Bapunagar 0 1 1 0 2

Sarkhej 0 1 7 2 10

Thakkarbapanagar 0 0 27 0 27

Bhaipura - Hatkeshwar 0 3 30 8 41

Total 10 76 481 192 759


39

Table 5.4 Availability of Ration (In Days)


Days Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

0 178 23.5 23.5 23.5

1 31 4.1 4.1 27.5

2 55 7.2 7.2 34.8

3 39 5.1 5.1 39.9

4 36 4.7 4.7 44.7

5 107 14.1 14.1 58.8

6 13 1.7 1.7 60.5

7 43 5.7 5.7 66.1

8 31 4.1 4.1 70.2

9 3 .4 .4 70.6

10 71 9.4 9.4 80.0

11 1 .1 .1 80.1

12 13 1.7 1.7 81.8

13 6 .8 .8 82.6

14 6 .8 .8 83.4

15 59 7.8 7.8 91.2

16 1 .1 .1 91.3

17 1 .1 .1 91.4

18 2 .3 .3 91.7

20 30 4.0 4.0 95.7

21 1 .1 .1 95.8

22 1 .1 .1 95.9

25 3 .4 .4 96.3

30 24 3.2 3.2 99.5

35 1 .1 .1 99.6

60 3 .4 .4 100.0

Total 759 100.0 100.0


40

Table 5.5 Received free ration from Government (Ward Wise)


Ward Mean Minimum Maximum

Danilimda 11.36 8 30

Amraiwadi 8.36 3 20

Ranip 5.50 5 6

Chandlodiya 10.50 7 15

Behrampura 30.00 30 30

Ganeshnagar 31.40 14 60

Hathijan 11.26 10 20

Jashodanagar 6.67 5 10

Naroda 11.17 5 30

Ramol 20.15 7 30

Old City 8.00 8 8

Rakhiyal 13.33 5 20

Vatva 23.13 10 30

Viratnagar 27.86 10 60

Juhapura 28.77 7 30

Odhav 12.85 7 20

Lambha 23.08 7 30

Bapunagar 7.00 7 7

Total 16.10 3 60


41

Table 5.6 Received free ration from NGO (Ward Wise)


Ward Mean Minimum Maximum

Danilimda 10.61 6 18

Amraiwadi 11.73 5 72

Ranip 14.14 10 20

Chandlodiya 20.80 10 30

Behrampura 24.00 10 39

Ganeshnagar 25.37 7 30

Hathijan 6.00 4 15

Jashodanagar 12.72 5 25

Naroda 14.85 3 30

Ramol 10.27 7 20

Sabarmati 17.00 17 17

Old City 18.33 10 30

Rakhiyal 10.00 10 10

Vatva 26.25 15 30

Viratnagar 14.25 7 20

Juhapura 14.50 5 40

Odhav 10.00 10 10

Vejalpur 10.00 10 10

Lambha 12.50 5 20

Bapunagar 7.50 5 10

Sarkhej 30.00 30 30

Total 13.13 3 72


42

Table 5.7 Ward wise distribution count of money deposited in Jan Dhan Account


Ward

Received Money in JDY Account

Amount not Received in JDY Account

No Jan Dhan account or Jan Dhan Account Deactivated

Information Not Available or Not Reported

Total

Danilimda 32 3 40 12 87

Amraiwadi 10 3 13 6 32

Ranip 2 0 2 3 7

Chandlodiya 3 5 5 3 16

Behrampura 2 3 16 5 26

Ganeshnagar 2 0 2 16 20

Hathijan 1 15 0 11 27

Jashodanagar 0 2 1 24 27

Naroda 5 12 29 11 57

Ramol 8 5 1 21 35

Sabarmati 1 0 0 1 2

Old City 1 6 3 2 12

Rakhiyal 9 7 37 2 55

Vatva 11 5 4 5 25

Viratnagar 14 4 19 0 37

Juhapura 10 1 15 23 49

Odhav 15 4 17 1 37

Vejalpur 0 1 0 0 1

Lambha 10 2 8 1 21

Gota 13 0 2 0 15

Shahibaug 2 13 5 0 20

Stadium 10 1 4 0 15

Vasna 2 1 5 0 8

Asarwa 7 12 15 0 34

Gomtipur 3 1 10 0 14

Bapunagar 2 0 0 0 2

Sarkhej 2 5 2 1 10

Thakkarbapanagar 4 23 0 0 27

Bhaipura - Hatkeshwar 10 2 29 0 41

Total 191 136 284 148 759


43

Table 5.8 Food for Children from Anganwadi by Ward


Ward Sample Children getting food from anganwadi

Danilimda 87 0

Amraiwadi 32 2

Ranip 7 0

Chandlodiya 16 4

Behrampura 26 7

Ganeshnagar 20 13

Hathijan 27 0

Jashodanagar 27 1

Naroda 57 1

Ramol 35 1

Sabarmati 2 0

Old City 12 1

Rakhiyal 55 1

Vatva 25 10

Viratnagar 37 1

Juhapura 49 13

Odhav 37 0

Vejalpur 1 0

Lambha 21 15

Gota 15 14

Shahibaug 20 8

Stadium 15 14

Vasna 8 0

Asarwa 34 1

Gomtipur 14 0

Bapunagar 2 0

Sarkhej 10 0

Thakkarbapanagar 27 1

Bhaipura - Hatkeshwar 41 2

Total 759 114


44

Table 5.9 Pregnant Women Getting Nutritious Food During Lockdown


Ward Yes No Information Not Available or Not Reported

Total

Danilimda 0 83 4 87

Amraiwadi 10 20 2 32

Ranip 0 4 3 7

Chandlodiya 3 11 2 16

Behrampura 2 22 2 26

Ganeshnagar 5 15 0 20

Hathijan 0 22 5 27

Jashodanagar 0 9 18 27

Naroda 1 50 6 57

Ramol 2 22 11 35

Sabarmati 0 2 0 2

Old City 2 8 2 12

Rakhiyal 0 55 0 55

Vatva 3 21 1 25

Viratnagar 3 31 3 37

Juhapura 15 29 5 49

Odhav 0 36 1 37

Vejalpur 0 0 1 1

Lambha 12 5 4 21

Gota 14 1 0 15

Shahibaug 7 13 0 20

Stadium 14 1 0 15

Vasna 1 7 0 8

Asarwa 2 32 0 34

Gomtipur 0 14 0 14

Bapunagar 0 1 1 2

Sarkhej 0 9 1 10

Thakkarbapanagar 4 23 0 27


3 38 0 41

Total 103 584 72 759


45

Table 5.10 Reporting on Experience of Anxiety, Depression or Fear


Ward Yes No Information Not Available or Not Reported

Total

Danilimda 81 2 4 87


Ranip 5 0 2 7




Hathijan 2 21 4 27


Naroda 9 43 5 57

Ramol 23 8 4 35

Sabarmati 1 1 0 2

Old City 6 6 0 12

Rakhiyal 4 51 0 55

Vatva 3 21 1 25


Juhapura 20 28 1 49

Odhav 7 30 0 37

Vejalpur 0 1 0 1

Lambha 0 20 1 21

Gota 1 14 0 15

Shahibaug 10 10 0 20

Stadium 6 9 0 15

Vasna 3 5 0 8

Asarwa 2 32 0 34

Gomtipur 3 11 0 14

Bapunagar 1 1 0 2

Sarkhej 8 2 0 10



15 26 0 41

Total 277 454 28 759


46

Table 5.11 Type of illness/disease reported at the time of survey.


Type of Disease/Illness Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Blood Pressure 6 10.9 10.9 10.9

Blood Pressure & Knee Pain 1 1.8 1.8 12.7

Bone Disease 1 1.8 1.8 14.5

Cancer 1 1.8 1.8 16.4

Diabetes 8 14.5 14.5 30.9

Diabetes & Heart Problem 6 10.9 10.9 41.8

Dehydration 1 1.8 1.8 43.6

Ear Problem 1 1.8 1.8 45.5

Eye Problem 1 1.8 1.8 47.3

Fever 2 3.6 3.6 50.9

Fracture 1 1.8 1.8 52.7

Handicapped 2 3.6 3.6 56.4

Surgery 1 1.8 1.8 58.2

Heart Problems (Including Heart Attacks)

4 7.3 7.3 65.5

Kidney Infection 1 1.8 1.8 67.3

Lung Problem 2 3.6 3.6 70.9

Mental Health 2 3.6 3.6 74.5

Migraine 1 1.8 1.8 76.4

No specific diseases but fall ill frequently

1 1.8 1.8 78.2

Paralysis 3 5.5 5.5 83.6

Physical Injury 1 1.8 1.8 85.5

TB 5 9.1 9.1 94.5

Information Not Available or Not Reported

3 5.5 5.5 100.0

Total 55 100.0 100.0


47

Table 5.12 ASHA Workers visiting the locality


Yes No Information Not Available or Not Reported

Total

Danilimda 0 84 3 87


Ranip 0 4 3 7




Hathijan 1 21 5 27


Naroda 1 27 29 57

Ramol 3 21 11 35

Sabarmati 0 2 0 2

Old City 0 1 11 12

Rakhiyal 0 7 48 55

Vatva 3 8 14 25


Juhapura 15 29 5 49

Odhav 13 1 23 37

Vejalpur 0 0 1 1

Lambha 17 3 1 21

Gota 0 1 14 15

Shahibaug 0 0 20 20

Stadium 0 0 15 15

Vasna 0 0 8 8

Asarwa 0 0 34 34

Gomtipur 0 0 14 14

Bapunagar 0 1 1 2

Sarkhej 0 0 10 10



0 0 41 41

Total 86 260 413 759

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