Accessibility and Usability of

Website

DEPARTMENT OF CHIEF MINISTER

Accessibility and

Usability and its

Methods

211,945 people living in Northern Territory Australia

“ ”― ABS 2013

51.7 % are male

48.3 % are female

21.9% are people

who’s age is 50 and above

Majority of people are with

disabilities that has unpaid assistance.

ACCESSIBILITYis very important for government website

Therefore,

Is your website

accessible?

“ Accessibility allows people with disabilities access the web and website should be compatible to

different browsers and work on different devices ”― Hudson 2011

“Websites are designed for different users and flexible enough to meet user’s needs,

with or without disabilities.”― Henry 2006

Australian Legal Requirements

for Accessibility

“ People with disabilities will receive the same rights to

access information and services ”― Disability Discrimination Act 1992

Required to submit to

― Australian Government Web Guide

Reports and updates“

OOC and SIGB in compliance to WCAG 2.0

guidelines ”

Access to information, communications and services,

including internet, is a human right.“ ”

― Australian Government Web Guide

Accessibility Guidelines

WAI AccessibilityGuidelines and Techniques

• Authoring Tool

Accessibility Guidelines

(ATAG)

• User Agent Accessibility

Guidelines (UAAG)

• Web Content Accessibility

Guidelines (WCAG)

― Henry 2006

Four Principles of WCAG 2.0

• Perceivable

• Operable

• Understandable

• Robust

Evaluation Methods and Tools

Manual EvaluationExperts examine each pages of the

website and gives feedback(Hassanzadeh and Navidi 2010)

Automatic EvaluationHas tools that scan and evaluate each pages that corresponds to W3C Guidelines or DDA

(Hassanzadeh and Navidi 2012)

User ExperienceExperts will provide the users a series of tasks to perform

and once the user operated the website, difficulties or confusion starts to appear.

(Hassanzadeh and Navidi 2012)

Discount Accessibility MethodIt is a combination of automatic and manual method.

(Hassanzadeh and Navidi 2012)

Fully Integrated Accessibility MethodCombination of all methods that involves experts

Usability

How users use web

― Steve Krug 2006

We don’t read pages.

We scan them.

We don’t make optimal choices.

We satisfice.

We DONT figureout how things work.

We muddle through.

International Usability Standards

Promotes best practice, independent, encourages consistency and it means business.”

“

― Travis 2008

Dimensions of Usability

• Efficiency

• Effectiveness• Satisfaction

― Preece, Rogers, Sharp 2012

Krug’s Law of Usability

Don’t Make Me Think”“―Steve Krug

2000

It doesn’t matter how many times I have to click

”

“

―Steve Krug 2000

as long as each click is mindless, unambiguous choice

Omit Needless Words

”“―Steve Krug

2000

Evaluation

Analytical Evaluationusually performed by experts and

no users involved―Te’eni, Carey &

Zang 2007

Analytical Evaluation Techniques• Heuristic

Evaluation• Guideline Review

• Cognitive Walk-Through• Pluralistic Walk-Through• User mode-based Analysis

• Framework based Inspection

―Te’eni, Carey & Zang 2007

Empirical Evaluation

Involves users and gathering information on how users interact

to the computer or system

―Te’eni, Carey & Zang 2007

Empirical Evaluation Techniques• Survey or Questionnaire• Interview

• Lab-Controlled Experiment

• Field Studies

―Te’eni, Carey & Zang 2007

Assessing the Department of Chief Minister Website

Recollect & Reflect

Need Finding Resources Participants

Pilot Testing

User Testing