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Account Executive Agricultural Engineer Entomologist Dietitian Biochemist Animal Scientist Editor Advertising Manager Accountant College Teacher Retail Manager Appraiser Commodity Broker Weed Scientist Geneticist Journalist Forest Scientist Natural Resources Scientist Nutritionist Information Specialist Consumer Information Manager Landscape Manager Peace Corps Representative Architect Appraiser Grain Merchandiser Computer Software Designer Food Engineer Auditor Export Sales Manager Conference Manager Food Broker Molecular Biologist Dietitian Microbiologist Weed Scientist Banker Park Manager Environmental Scientist Cell Biologist Consultant Reporter Pathologist Forest Products Merchandiser Appraiser Customer Service Manager Illustrator Career Counselor Entomologist Contract Manager Geneticist Caseworker Research Technician Policy Analyst Regional Planner Physiologist Insurance Risk Manager Business Manager Editor High School Teacher Marketing Manager Insurance Agency Manager Animal Scientist Dietitian Computer Systems Analyst Toxicologist Insurance Agent Appraiser Conference Manager Regional Planner Auditor Financial Analyst Park Manager Economist Peace Corps Representative Landscape Contractor Veterinarian Regulatory Agent Rural Sociologist Computer Software Designer Cell Biologist Account Executive Merchandiser Agricultural Engineer Entomologist Training Manager Consumer Information Specialist Contract Manager Landscape Manager Food Service Manager Accountant Marketing Manager Nutritionist Teacher Sociologist Market Analyst Credit Analyst Policy Analyst Purchasing Manager Plant Scientist Career Counselor Resource Economist Development Specialist Rangeland Scientist Training Manager Regional Planner Government Program Manager Grants Counselor Cooperative Extension Agent Toxicologist Banker Business Manager Geneticist Consultant Educational Specialist Auditor Real Estate Broker Physiologist Weed Scientist Research and Development Manager Naturalist Public Relations Representative Information Systems Analyst Sales Representative Stock Broker Waste Management Specialist Credit Analyst Nutrition Counselor Account Manager Aquaculturalist Statistician Soil Scientist Water Quality Specialist Quality Assurance Specialist Designer Pathologist Wholesale Manager Consumer Information Specialist Peace Corps Representative Geneticist Soil Scientist Retail Manager Consultant Outdoor Recreation Specialist Dietitian Food Scientist Technical Service Representative Policy Analyst Human Resources Specialist Weed Scientist Grants Manager Community Development Specialist Banker Conservation Officer Youth Program Director Geneticist Naturalist Water Quality Specialist Consumer Counselor Food Inspector Labor Relations Specialist Farmer Greenhouse Manager Viticulturist Fruit and Vegetable Grower Farm Manager Turf Producer Nursery Products Grower Aquaculturalist 2000-2005 Employment Opportunities for College Graduates in the Food & Agricultural Sciences Agriculture, Forestry & Natural Resources, Veterinary Medicine United States Employment Opportunities for College Graduates in the Food & Agricultural Sciences Agriculture, Forestry & Natural Resources, Veterinary Medicine

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Page 1: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

Account Executive Agricultural Engineer Entomologist Dietitian Biochemist

Animal Scientist Editor Advertising Manager Accountant College Teacher Retail Manager

Appraiser Commodity Broker Weed Scientist Geneticist Journalist Forest Scientist

Natural Resources Scientist Nutritionist Information Specialist Consumer Information Manager

Landscape Manager Peace Corps Representative Architect Appraiser Grain MerchandiserComputer Software Designer Food Engineer Auditor Export Sales Manager Conference ManagerFood Broker Molecular Biologist Dietitian Microbiologist Weed Scientist BankerPark Manager Environmental Scientist Cell Biologist Consultant Reporter Pathologist

Forest Products Merchandiser Appraiser Customer Service Manager Illustrator Career Counselor

Entomologist Contract Manager Geneticist Caseworker Research Technician Policy AnalystRegional Planner Physiologist Insurance Risk Manager Business Manager Editor

High School Teacher Marketing Manager Insurance Agency Manager Animal Scientist Dietitian

Computer Systems Analyst Toxicologist Insurance Agent Appraiser Conference ManagerRegional Planner Auditor Financial Analyst Park Manager Economist Peace Corps RepresentativeLandscape Contractor Veterinarian Regulatory Agent Rural Sociologist Computer Software Designer

Cell Biologist Account Executive Merchandiser Agricultural Engineer EntomologistTraining Manager Consumer Information Specialist Contract Manager Landscape ManagerFood Service Manager Accountant Marketing Manager Nutritionist Teacher SociologistMarket Analyst Credit Analyst Policy Analyst Purchasing Manager Plant Scientist

Career Counselor Resource Economist Development Specialist Rangeland Scientist Training ManagerRegional Planner Government Program Manager Grants Counselor Cooperative Extension AgentToxicologist Banker Business Manager Geneticist Consultant Educational Specialist Auditor

Real Estate Broker Physiologist Weed Scientist Research and Development Manager NaturalistPublic Relations Representative Information Systems Analyst Sales Representative Stock Broker

Waste Management Specialist Credit Analyst Nutrition Counselor Account Manager Aquaculturalist

Statistician Soil Scientist Water Quality Specialist Quality Assurance Specialist Designer Pathologist

Wholesale Manager Consumer Information Specialist Peace Corps Representative Geneticist Soil Scientist

Retail Manager Consultant Outdoor Recreation Specialist Dietitian Food ScientistTechnical Service Representative Policy Analyst Human Resources SpecialistWeed Scientist Grants Manager Community Development Specialist Banker Conservation Officer

Youth Program Director Geneticist Naturalist Water Quality Specialist Consumer CounselorFood Inspector Labor Relations Specialist Farmer Greenhouse Manager Viticulturist

Fruit and Vegetable Grower Farm Manager Turf Producer Nursery Products Grower Aquaculturalist2000-2005

Employment Opportunitiesfor College Graduates in the

Food & Agricultural SciencesAgriculture,Forestry & Natural Resources,Veterinary Medicine

United States

Employment Opportunitiesfor College Graduates in the

Food & Agricultural SciencesAgriculture,Forestry & Natural Resources,Veterinary Medicine

Page 2: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

by

Allan D. Goecker • School of Agriculture • Purdue University

Christopher M. Whatley • Department of Agricultural Economics •Texas A&M University

Jeffrey L. Gilmore • Cooperative State Research, Education, andExtension Service • U.S. Department of Agriculture

This summary report is from a 1999 national study conducted under Coop-erative Agreement 97-COOP-2-5014 between the Cooperative State Re-search, Education, and Extension Service of the U.S. Department ofAgriculture and the Purdue University School of Agriculture.

You can find out more about the results and the study methodology at:

http://faeis.tamu.edu/supplydemand/

Employment Opportunities

United States, 2000-2005for College Graduates in the

Food & Agricultural Sciences,

http://faeis.tamu.edu/supplydemand/

Page 3: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

2000-2005

Agriculture,Forestry & Natural Resources,Veterinary Medicine

ContentsThe Big Picture 4Major Factors Affecting the Market 5Scientists, Engineers, & Related Specialists 6Managers & Financial Specialists 8Marketing, Merchandising, & Sales Representatives 10Communication & Education Specialists 12Social Services Professionals 14Agricultural Production Specialists 16The Bottom Line 18

Food & Agricultural Sciences

Employment Opportunitiesfor College Graduates in the

United States

Page 4: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

Results of a 1999national study indicategood employment oppor-tunities for collegegraduates with agri-cultural, forestry andnatural resources, andveterinary medicineexpertise over the firstfive years of the 21stcentury.

Market strength willvary among majoremployment categories,but slightly more totalannual employmentopportunities are ex-pected than can befilled by the projectednumber of new quali-fied graduates. Some57,785 average annualopenings are projectedfor U.S. food and agri-cultural sciences gradu-ates during 2000-2005.An average 57,175qualified graduates areexpected to be availableeach year.

Employment opportu-nities will continue toincrease for those whoprovide and market anexpanding array offood, forest, and veteri-nary medical consumerproducts and servicesto a growing world pop-ulation. Food scientistsand engineers, food andforest products salesrepresentatives, finan-cial managers, informa-tion systems specialists,agricultural scienceand business teachers,landscape horticultur-ists, veterinary medi-cine specialists, plantgeneticists, and outdoorrecreation specialistsshould see a strongemployment marketthrough 2005.

Relatively weakeremployment marketsare expected for collegegraduates who provide

goods andservices to farm-ers, ranchers, andforest managers. Therewill be fewer openingsin agricultural andforest production. Also,weaker employmentmarkets are anticipatedin government agri-cultural agencies,veterinary medicinegeneral practices, andin some traditionalagricultural sciencespecializations.

Jobs in science, engi-neering, and relatedspecialties are expectedto account for thirtytwo percent of the totalemployment opportu-nities for U.S. collegegraduates with food,agricultural, naturalresources, or veterinarymedical expertise.

TheBigBig

Picture

Twenty eight percent ofthe job openings willlikely be for marketing,merchandising, andsales representatives.Thirteen percent of theannual openings will befor managers and fin-ancial specialists.Communication andeducation specialistsrepresent eleven percentof the total expectedmarket; social servicesprofessionals, ninepercent; and agriculturalproduction specialists,seven percent.

Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

10,000 20,000 30,0000 40,000 50,000 60,000

57,175

57,785

32%

Marketing, Merchandising,& Sales Representatives

28%

Managers &Financial Specialists

13%

Communication & Education Specialists 11%

Social Services Professionals

9%

Agricultural Production Specialists

7 %

Scientists, Engineers, &

Related Specialists

Expected Annual Employment Positions

Annual Employment Openings & Qualified Graduates

4

Page 5: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

Four important factorsare expected to havemajor impact upon theemployment opportuni-ties for food and agri-cultural sciences collegegraduates during thenext five years.

The changing businessstructure of the U.S.food production anddelivery system isexpected to have thegreatest impact. Busi-ness consolidations andalliances will continue toredefine the kinds andnumbers of needed newgraduates. Fewerfarmers and ranchers,and fewer agribusinessorganizations willdecrease opportunitiesfor middle managers,marketing representa-tives, and others whoprovide goods andservices to agriculturalproducers. In contrast,more complex businessstructures will increaseopportunities for techni-cal and business consult-ants, and informationtechnology specialists.

Continued globalizationof the food, agricultural,and natural resourcessystem will increaseopportunities forgraduates who under-stand the socio-economicfactors that defineinternational markets.Graduates who knowhow to satisfy thediverse consumer needsand preferences indifference cultures, andwho have the languageskills to communicateeffectively, will havethe best opportunitiesto be employed by thegrowing number ofmulti-national busi-nesses. Graduates whohave studied abroad, orparticipated in profes-sional work experiencesin other countries, willhave a distinct advan-tage in the job market.

Evolving consumertastes and preferenceswill continue to havemajor impact on employ-ment opportunities forfood and agriculturalsciences graduates.Fewer businesses willbe providing goods andservices to agriculturalproducers, but morewill likely be involvedin manufacturingproducts and market-ing goods and servicesto consumers. Strongemployment opportuni-ties are projected forsuch professionals asfood scientists, forestproduct scientists,landscape and turfmanagers, outdoorrecreation specialists,environmental engineers,and specialty doctors ofveterinary medicine.

Food, agricultural, andnatural resources publicpolicy decisions willcontinue to have strongimpact on the employ-ment market. Publicpolicy choices about foodsafety, environmentalregulations, scientificresearch, rural develop-ment, and land use willinfluence the kinds ofgraduates who will bein greatest demand bythe private sector.Likewise, public policydecisions will havemajor influences on thenumbers and kinds offood, agricultural, andnatural resourcesprofessionals needed tostaff public agencies.

Major FactorsMajor Factors Affecting the Market

2000-2005United States

5

Page 6: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

Agricultural EngineerAnimal Scientist

Biochemist

Cell Biologist

Entomologist

Environmental Scientist

Food EngineerFood Scientist

Forest Scientist

Geneticist

Landscape ArchitectMicrobiologist

Molecular Biologist

Natural Resources Scientist

Nutritionist

Pathologist

PhysiologistPlant Scientist

Quality Assurance Specialist

Rangeland ScientistResearch Technician

Resource EconomistSoil Scientist

StatisticianToxicologist

VeterinarianWaste Management Specialist

Water Quality SpecialistWeed Scientist

6

Page 7: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

Average annualopenings for scientists,engineers, and relatedspecialists in the U.S.food, agricultural, andnatural resources systemare projected at 18,538during 2000-2005. Thiscompares to an expected18,878 qualified gradu-ates each year.

More scientists,engineers, technicians,and related specialistsare being employedeach year in the U.S.food, agricultural, andnatural resources system.However, slightly morethan enough qualifiedgraduates are expectedduring the next fiveyears. This is becausenumbers of newly

qualified graduates areexpected to grow morerapidly than expansionof employment openings.

The strongest employ-ment opportunities areanticipated for foodscientists, food processengineers, plant andanimal geneticists,water quality special-ists, turf scientists,horticultural scientists,plant and animalinspectors, and foodand agricultural wastemanagement specialists.

Plenty of qualifiedgraduates are projectedin molecular biology,animal nutrition,entomology, agricul-tural economics, wildlife

science, veterinarymedicine generalpractices, and weedscience.

Individuals employedas scientists, engineers,and related specialistsmust have strong prep-aration in the basicsciences and theirapplications to food,agricultural, and naturalresources problems.Doctoral degrees arerequired for individualswho will be managingengineering and scien-tific research. Support-ing engineering,technologist, and tech-nician positions usuallyrequire a baccalaureateor higher degree.

Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

18,538

18,878

5,000 10,000 15,0000 20,000

Scientists, Engineers, &Related Specialists

2000-2005United States

7

Average Employment Openings & Qualified Graduates

Page 8: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

AccountantAppraiserAuditorBankerBusiness ManagerConsultantContract ManagerCredit AnalystCustomer Service ManagerEconomistFinancial AnalystFood Service ManagerGovernment Program ManagerGrants ManagerHuman Resource Development Manager

Insurance Agency ManagerInsurance Risk Manager

Landscape ManagerPolicy Analyst

Research & Development ManagerRetail Manager

Wholesale Manager

8

Page 9: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

Managers &Financial Specialists

Average annual open-ings for food, agri-cultural, and naturalresources managersand financial special-ists are projected to be7,311 during the nextfive years. In contrast,some 5,644 qualifiedgraduates are antici-pated each year. Espe-cially strong niches ofmanagement opportu-nities are foreseen incomputer informationsystems, food distribu-tion and related services,veterinary medicalproducts marketing,and with businessesand agencies that pro-vide outdoor recreation.

Strong employmentmarkets are expectedfor personnel manag-ers, golf course manag-ers, and operators of

landscape horticultureenterprises. Also, accoun-tants and financialmanagers in food, agri-cultural, and forestrybusiness organizationsshould continue to farewell during 2000-2005.

A somewhat weakeremployment market isexpected for middlemanagers in agri-business firms and incredit operations.Continued consolida-tion of businesses inthe food and agricul-tural economy is ex-pected to exert furtherdownward pressure onthe market for manag-ers and other adminis-trative personnel. Withfewer farmers, ranch-ers, and agribusinessorganizations in thefuture, more consolidation

of government agencyservices is anticipated.These changes willlikely reduce manage-ment opportunities inagricultural and for-estry agencies.

Individuals with strongbusiness, communica-tion, and human rela-tions skills will farebest in obtainingmanagement positions.Nearly one-third of theanticipated jobs formanagers and financialspecialists will likely befilled by individualshaving graduate de-grees, especially inmarketing and finan-cial specialties.

2000-2005United States

5,000 10,000 15,0000

Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

7,311

5,644

20,000

9

Average Employment Openings & Qualified Graduates

Page 10: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

Insurance AgentLandscape Contractor

Market AnalystMarketing ManagerPurchasing Manager

Real Estate BrokerSales Representative

Technical Service Representative

Account Executive

Advertising ManagerCommodity Broker

Consumer Information Manager

Export Sales ManagerFood Broker

Forest Products Merchandiser

Grain Merchandiser10

Page 11: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

5,000 10,000 15,0000

14,650

15,946Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

20,000

Some 15,946 averageannual openings areprojected for marketing,merchandising, andsales representatives.In contrast, an averageof 14,650 qualifiedcollege graduates areexpected each yearduring 2000-2005.

Marketing, merchan-dising, and salespositions will continueto be a primary em-ployment market fornew food and agricul-tural sciences collegegraduates. Fewergraduates will be hiredto market goods andservices to farmers andranchers. Rather, morewill be involved inselling food, forest, andhorticultural products

to domestic and inter-national consumers.Also, more will utilizeemerging electronictechnologies to com-plete marketing andtechnical servicefunctions for theirbusinesses.

Food company accountrepresentatives, land-scape horticulturespecialists, commoditybrokers, forest productsmerchandisers, inter-national market repre-sentatives, andadvertising and publicrelations specialists areexpected to have thestrongest employmentopportunities. At thesame time, plenty ofqualified graduates areexpected to be available

to sell feed, seed,fertilizer, agrichemicals,farm machinery, andrelated products.

Successful individualsin marketing, merchan-dising, and salespositions requireexceptional comm-unication skills andexcellent command ofelectronic informationtechnologies which areused regularly inbusiness transactions.An increasing per-centage of food, agricul-tural, and naturalresources sales andmarketing positionswill likely be filled bygraduates from allied

Marketing,Merchandising, &Sales Representatives

2000-2005United States

11

Average Employment Openings & Qualified Graduates

fields rather than fromthose offered by agri-cultural sciences andforestry colleges. Forexample, businessschool graduates willcompete strongly forthese positions.

Page 12: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

Training Manager

College TeacherComputer Software Designer

Computer Systems AnalystConference Manager

Cooperative Extension AgentEditor

Educational Specialist

High School Teacher

Illustrator

Information SpecialistInformation Systems Analyst

Journalist

Personnel Development Specialist

Public Relations Representative

Radio/Television Broadcaster12

Page 13: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

2000-2005

Average annual open-ings for communicationand education specialistsare projected to be 6,397during the next fiveyears. In contrast,some 6,223 qualifiedgraduates are expectedto be available each year.

Very strong employmentopportunities areprojected for computerinformation specialists,advertising represen-tatives, public relationsspecialists, secondaryschool agriculturalscience and businessteachers, and interna-tional communicationspecialists. Communi-cation and educationspecialists who arehighly skilled in provid-ing products and ser-vices via the World WideWeb are expected to bein the strongest positionto compete for jobs.

Stable, or perhapsdeclining, employmentopportunities are fore-cast for writers, editors,and newscasters. Littlechange is expected inthe aggregate marketfor college and univer-sity faculty members,post-secondary technicalschool teachers, andextension servicespersonnel. Each ofthese professionalgroups will likelycontinue to attractmore highly educatedand specialized appli-cants during the nextfive years.

Some 40 percent of theprojected jobs forcommunication andeducation specialistswill be associated withcomputer informationservices. Colleges ofagriculture, naturalresources, and veterinary

medicine are expectedto produce 60 percentof the qualified gradu-ates. Others, especiallycommunication special-ists, will come fromallied academic fieldssuch as computertechnology, journalism,and communication.

Graduates with aportfolio of strongcommunication skillsand technical knowledgein a food, agricultural,forestry, or veterinarymedicine disciplineshould enjoy competitiveadvantages in themarket for comm-unication and educa-tion specialists.

5,000 10,000 15,0000

Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

6,397

6,223

20,000

Communication &Education Specialists

United States

13

Average Employment Openings & Qualified Graduates

Page 14: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

Youth Program Director

Career Counselor

Caseworker

Community Development Specialist

Conservation Officer

Consumer Counselor

Dietitian

Food Inspector

Labor Relations Specialist

NaturalistNutrition Counselor

Outdoor Recreation Specialist

Park Manager

Peace Corps Representative

Regional Planner

Regulatory Agent

Rural Sociologist

14

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2000-2005

5,000 10,000 15,0000

6,570

5,358Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

20,000

Some 5,358 averageannual openings areprojected for socialservices professionals.In contrast, an averageof 6,570 qualifiedcollege graduates areanticipated each yearduring 2000-2005.

Dietitians and nutri-tionists, outdoor recre-ation specialists, landuse planners, and foodinspectors lead the listof social servicesprofessionals expectedto enjoy a strong jobmarket during the nextfive years. A somewhatweaker employmentmarket is expected forrural sociologists, laborrelations specialists,and governmentagricultural agencyrepresentatives.

Dietitians and nutri-tionists account for 41percent of the projectedaverage annual openingsfor social services prof-essionals. Twenty-sevenpercent of the openingsin this occupationalcluster are for recreationworkers with forestryand natural resourcesexpertise. Food andnutrition counselorsare another importantgroup of social servicesprofessionals.

Colleges of agricultureand natural resourcesare expected to produceabout three-fourths ofthe qualified socialservices professionals,with the remaindercoming from alliedacademic disciplinessuch as biology, human

Social ServicesProfessionals

nutrition, sociology,and psychology. About85 percent of thequalified graduates willhave baccalaureatedegrees. Some 14percent are expected tohave master’s degrees,and one percent willhave earned doctoraldegrees.

Best qualified gradu-ates will have stronginterpersonal commu-nication skills andwork experiences thatsupport their technicalacademic specialtiessuch as nutrition, foodscience, sociology, orforestry and naturalresources.

United States

15

Average Employment Openings & Qualified Graduates

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16

AquaculturalistFarmer

Feedlot ManagerForest Resources Manager

Fruit and Vegetable GrowerGreenhouse Manager

Nursery Products GrowerFarm Manager

RancherTurf Producer

ViticulturistWildlife Manager

AquaculturalistFarmer

Feedlot ManagerForest Resources Manager

Fruit and Vegetable GrowerGreenhouse Manager

Nursery Products GrowerFarm Manager

RancherTurf Producer

ViticulturistWildlife Manager

Page 17: Account Executive Entomologist Biochemist Employment ...pass/tignor/pdf/employmentbrochure.pdf · by Allan D. Goecker ¥ School of Agriculture ¥ Purdue University Christopher M

2000-2005

Some 4,235 averageannual openings areprojected for agriculturalproduction specialistswith a baccalaureate orhigher degree. Thiscompares to an estimated5,210 qualified graduateseach year during 2000-2005. Two thirds of thequalified graduates willbe produced by collegesof agriculture andnatural resources. Theremainder will comefrom allied fields suchas life and physicalsciences, and business.

Although farmers,ranchers, and farmmanagers will accountfor about 85 percent ofnew openings in theagricultural productionspecialists employmentcluster, more thanenough qualified gradu-ates are expected to be

available in generalfarming and ranchingoperations.

During the next fiveyears, an increasingproportion of newagricultural productionmanagers will be hiredor contracted in con-trast to being owneroperators. Forest man-agers, horticultural cropproducers, landscapenursery operators, andswine and poultryproduction managersare expected to havegood opportunitiesduring the next fiveyears. A relativelystable market is antici-pated for new collegegraduates in dairy andbeef cattle operations.

Strong business,communication, andproblem-solving skills

are required for gradu-ates in agricultural andforest productionpositions. Work experi-ences on farms andranches are essentialfor successful entry intofarming and ranchingpositions. All graduatesgoing into agriculturaland forest productionoperations require acomprehensive under-standing of the scien-tific and businessprinciples used inmaking productionmanagement decisions.

AgriculturalProduction Specialists

United States

17

Average Employment Openings & Qualified Graduates

Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

4,235

5,210

5,000 10,000 15,0000 20,000

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Good employment opportunities will beavailable to college graduates with food,agricultural, and natural resources exper-tise during 2000-2005. Graduates who addvalue to raw materials produced on ournation’s farms, ranches, and forest lands,and market the products to domestic andinternational consumers will see expand-ing employment opportunities. In contrast,plenty of graduates are expected to beavailable to provide goods and services tothe declining number of farmers andranchers.

Expanding world population, changingconsumer tastes and preferences, evolvingbusiness structures, and shrinking naturalresources define increasingly complexproblems to be solved in the 21st centuryby college graduates in the food and agri-cultural sciences. It will not be business asusual. Colleges and universities mustcontinue to strengthen educational pro-grams. Also, much greater efforts will berequired to attract sufficient numbers ofoutstanding students to prepare for verychallenging careers in the world’s food,agricultural, and natural resources system.

BottomThe

BottomLine

Scientists, Engineers, & Related Specialists

Managers & Financial Specialists

Marketing, Merchandising, & Sales Representatives

Communication & Education Specialists

Social Services Professionals

Agricultural Production Specialists

18

Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

18,538

18,878

5,000 10,000 15,0000 20,000

5,000 10,000 15,0000

Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

7,311

5,644

20,000

5,000 10,000 15,0000

14,650

15,946Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

20,000

5,000 10,000 15,0000

Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

6,397

6,223

20,000

5,000 10,000 15,0000

6,570

5,358Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

20,000

Average Annual Openings

Qualified Annual Graduates

4,235

5,210

5,000 10,000 15,0000 20,000

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This is the fifth in aseries of five-yearemployment oppor-tunities projectionsinitiated by the U.S.Department of Agri-culture in 1980. Thebasic methodologyunderlying thesestudies was developedby Drs. K. Jane Coulterand Marge F. Stantonand has remainedessentially the same.

We acknowledge thecontributions of manymembers in severalprofessional organ-izations in designingthe initial methodologyand in conducting theongoing studies. In-cluded are the Ameri-can Association of StateColleges of Agricultureand Renewable Re-sources; the AcademicPrograms Section of theBoard on Agriculture ofthe National Association

Acknowledgmentsof State Universities andLand Grant Colleges;the National Associationof Professional ForestrySchools and Colleges;the Association ofAmerican VeterinaryMedical Colleges; andthe American VocationalAssociation. We alsoacknowledge the obser-vations and suggestionsmade by many humanresources representa-tives of businesses andgovernmental agencies.

We extend our thanksfor the very importantcontributions made bythe following individu-als who served on theadvisory panel of expertsfor the 2000-2005 study.

• R. Kirby Barrick,University of Illinois

• K. Jane Coulter,U.S. Department ofAgriculture

• Daniel D. Godfrey,North CarolinaAgricultural andTechnical StateUniversity

• James C. Heird,Colorado StateUniversity

• Thomas J. Lindahl,University of Wiscon-sin-Platteville

• Marge F. Stanton,U.S. Department ofAgriculture (Retired)

• P. Gregory Smith,Society of AmericanForesters

• H. Dean Sutphin,Cornell University

We extend specialthanks to Kerry K.Litzenberg and SheriStebenne-Whatley ofTexas A&M University,and to the staff of theFood and AgriculturalEducation InformationSystem who providedrequisite enrollment

and degrees conferreddata. We express ourappreciation to WilliamG. Camp, VirginiaPolytechnic Instituteand State University,and his associates forproviding high schoolagricultural scienceand business teacherdata, and to Peter A.Muscato, formerly ofthe U.S. Department ofAgriculture, for hishelp with integratingnational education andlabor data.

Editing and visualdesign of this reportwere provided byLaura Hoelscher andMindy Jasmund,Department of Agri-cultural Communication,Purdue University.

2000-2005United States

19

Acknowledgments

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Account Executive Agricultural Engineer Entomologist Dietitian Biochemist

Animal Scientist Editor Advertising Manager Accountant College Teacher Retail Manager

Appraiser Commodity Broker Weed Scientist Geneticist Journalist Forest Scientist

Natural Resources Scientist Nutritionist Information Specialist Consumer Information Manager

Landscape Manager Peace Corps Representative Architect Appraiser Grain MerchandiserComputer Software Designer Food Engineer Auditor Export Sales Manager Conference ManagerFood Broker Molecular Biologist Dietitian Microbiologist Weed Scientist BankerPark Manager Environmental Scientist Cell Biologist Consultant Reporter Pathologist

Forest Products Merchandiser Appraiser Customer Service Manager Illustrator Career Counselor

Entomologist Contract Manager Geneticist Caseworker Research Technician Policy AnalystRegional Planner Physiologist Insurance Risk Manager Business Manager Editor

High School Teacher Marketing Manager Insurance Agency Manager Animal Scientist Dietitian

Computer Systems Analyst Toxicologist Insurance Agent Appraiser Conference ManagerRegional Planner Auditor Financial Analyst Park Manager Economist Peace Corps RepresentativeLandscape Contractor Veterinarian Regulatory Agent Rural Sociologist Computer Software Designer

Cell Biologist Account Executive Merchandiser Agricultural Engineer EntomologistTraining Manager Consumer Information Specialist Contract Manager Landscape ManagerFood Service Manager Accountant Marketing Manager Nutritionist Teacher SociologistMarket Analyst Credit Analyst Policy Analyst Purchasing Manager Plant Scientist

Career Counselor Resource Economist Development Specialist Rangeland Scientist Training ManagerRegional Planner Government Program Manager Grants Counselor Cooperative Extension AgentToxicologist Banker Business Manager Geneticist Consultant Educational Specialist Auditor

Real Estate Broker Physiologist Weed Scientist Research and Development Manager NaturalistPublic Relations Representative Information Systems Analyst Sales Representative Stock Broker

Waste Management Specialist Credit Analyst Nutrition Counselor Account Manager Aquaculturalist

Statistician Soil Scientist Water Quality Specialist Quality Assurance Specialist Designer Pathologist

Wholesale Manager Consumer Information Specialist Peace Corps Representative Geneticist Soil Scientist

Retail Manager Consultant Outdoor Recreation Specialist Dietitian Food ScientistTechnical Service Representative Policy Analyst Human Resources SpecialistWeed Scientist Grants Manager Community Development Specialist Banker Conservation Officer

Youth Program Director Geneticist Naturalist Water Quality Specialist Consumer CounselorFood Inspector Labor Relations Specialist Farmer Greenhouse Manager Viticulturist

Fruit and Vegetable Grower Farm Manager Turf Producer Nursery Products Grower Aquaculturalist

It is the policy of USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, and ofPurdue University that all persons shall have equal opportunity and access to its programs and

facilities without regard to race, color, sex, religion, national origin, age, or disability.

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