aci 301 bridging codes and specifications...2/17/2012 1 aci web sessions aci 301 – bridging codes...
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ACI WEB SESSIONS
ACI 301 – Bridging Codes and Specifications
ACI Fall 2011 ConventionOctober 16 – 20, Cincinnati, OH
ACI WEB SESSIONS
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ACI WEB SESSIONS
ACI Web Sessions
ACI is bringing you this Web Session in keeping with its motto of “Advancing Concrete Knowledge.” The ideas expressed, however, are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of ACI or its committees.
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ACI WEB SESSIONS
ACI Web Sessions
ACI Web Sessions are recorded at ACI conventions and other concrete industry events. At regular intervals, a new set of presentations can be viewed on ACI’s website free of charge.
After one week, the presentations will be temporarily archived on the ACI website or made part of ACI’s Online CEU Program, depending on their content.
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ACI Online CEU ProgramACI offers an easy-to-use Online CEU Program for anyone who needs to earn Continuing Education credits.
Once registered, you can download and study reference material. After passing a 10-question exam on the material, you will receive a certificate of completion that you can present to local licensing agencies.
Visit www.concrete.org/education/edu_online_CEU.htmfor more information.
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ACI conventions provide a forum for networking, learning the latest in concrete technology and practices, renewing old friendships, and making new ones. At each of ACI’s two annual conventions, technical and educational committees meet to develop the standards, reports, and other documents necessary to keep abreast of the ever-changing world of concrete technology.
With over 1,300 delegates attending each convention, there is ample opportunity to meet and talk individually with some of the most prominent persons in the field of concrete technology. For more information about ACI conventions, visit www.aciconvention.org.
ACI Conventions
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ACI WEB SESSIONS
ACI Web Sessions
This ACI Web Session includes 2 speakers presenting at the ACI fall convention held in Cincinnati, OH, October 16 – 20, 2011.
Additional presentations will be made available in future ACI Web Sessions.
Please enjoy the presentations.
ACI WEB SESSIONS
Spring 2012 SeminarsACI/PCA 318-11 Building Code Seminar
Omaha, NE—Apr 4Pittsburgh, PA—Apr 10New Orleans, LA—Apr 12Cleveland, OH—Apr 25Ft. Myers, FL—May 1Salt Lake City, UT—May 9Kansas City, KS—May 23San Diego, CA—May 31San Antonio, TX—Jun 12Albany, NY—Jun 14
Concrete Repair BasicsNew Brunswick, NJ—Apr 5Philadelphia, PA—Jun 14
For more information, visit ACI Seminars.
Concrete Slabs-on-GroundChicago, IL—Apr 17San Francisco, CA—Apr 24Denver, CO—May 8Charlotte, NC—May 15Milwaukee, WI—Jun 5
Troubleshooting Concrete ConstructionDallas, TX—Mar 22Seattle, WA—Apr 11Nashville, TN—Apr 18Boston, MA—May 2Indianapolis, IN—May 16Atlanta, GA—May 23Baltimore, MD—Jun 6Portland, OR—Jun 13
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ACI 301 – Bridging Codes and Specifications
ACI Fall 2011 ConventionOctober 16 – 20, Cincinnati, OH
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W. Calvin McCall, FACI, is a Principal with Concrete Engineering Specialists, LLC, Charlotte, NC. A member of several ACI technical committees, including Responsibility in Concrete Construction and the TAC Construction Standards Committee, he is the past Chair of ACI
Committee 301, Specifications for Concrete, and previously served on ACI Committee 318, Structural Concrete Building Code.
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Bridging Codes and Specifications
W. Calvin McCallConcrete Engineering Specialists
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Bridging Codes and Specifications
•Happy concrete contractor
•Working with concrete
•Concrete meets specs or at least he thinks they do
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Bridging Codes and Specifications
•Happy concrete contractor•Working with concrete•Concrete meets specs or at least he thinks
•Just found out that there is a problem with the concrete•Does the concrete meet the specs?
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ACI 301‐10 Specifications for Structural Concrete
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ACI 301‐10 Specifications for Structural Concrete
301 Chair after final
acceptance
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To quote a great leader:
ACI primary work products contribute heavily to the governance of concrete construction in the U.S. and in many other nations.
Contracts are won or lost, work is accepted or rejected, and legal arguments are debated on the basis of ACI documents.
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Types of ACI Documents
Non mandatory Language
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Non Mandatory Documents
Documents are not written in mandatory languageo Manualso Reportso Handbookso Guides
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ACI Committee Reports, Guides, Standard Practices, and Commentaries are intended for guidance in planning, designing, executing, and inspecting construction. This document is intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for the application of the information it contains. ACI disclaims any and all responsibility for the stated principles. The Institute shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising there from. Reference to this document shall not be made in contract documents. If items found in this document are desired by the Architect/Engineer to be a part of the contract documents, they shall be restated in mandatory language for incorporation by the Architect/Engineer.
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Mandatory DocumentsCodes
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Building Codes Document written in mandatory language
Establishes minimum requirements for structural safety
Provides minimum requirements to owner and design engineer
Model codes are meant to be adopted by the building officials in a specific jurisdiction
ACI 318 is almost always part of the building codes for a specific jurisdiction
ACI 318 or any model code has no authority unless adopted by a specific jurisdiction
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A typical ACI 318 Committee Meeting
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Mandatory Code Requirements
An ACI code provides minimum requirements for concrete or masonry structures within its scope to safeguard the public safety, health, and general welfare.
ACI codes are written with the expectation that they will be adopted by a generalized building code or a regulatory agency.
Code requirements are written to the design professional.
They are not written to direct other members of the design and construction team, such as a contractor.
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Introduction to ACI 318
Drawings, specifications, and contract documents should contain all necessary requirements to ensure compliance with the code
Other ACI Publications such as ACI 301 Specifications for Structural Concrete are written specifically for use as contract documents for construction
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Mandatory DocumentsCodesSpecifications
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Specifications Set of instructions from the owner to the contractor describing in detail the requirements of the structure
oClear
oSingle interpretation
oShould be what is actually desired
oList only requirements
oBe written so that it cannot be misunderstood
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Purpose of Specifications
Informs the contractor what needs to be done to construct a structure that will meet the needs of the owner
Requirements
Means and methods
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Contract Documents Contract between Owner and Contractor
Written for Owner, developed by Architect/Engineer (A/E) to the Contractor
Document written in mandatory language
Developed in a form that can be adopted/incorporated into contract documents
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Specification Requirements Code Items Develop specifications that cover code requirements
Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, and, 7 in ACI 318
Non code items Soil supported slabs
Piles Drilled shafts
Additional needs Durability
Shrinkage
Life cycle costsACI WEB SESSIONS
ACI Specifications
ACI defines an ACI reference specification as a standardized mandatory language document prescribing materials, dimensions, and workmanship, incorporated by reference in Contract Documents, with information in the Mandatory Requirements Checklist required to be provided in the project specification.
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ACI 301‐10 Specifications for Structural Concrete
Reference Specification for Concrete Structures that are designed in accordance with ACI 318 or ACI 349 unless the contractor is required to design a part of the structure
The code does not need to be referenced in Contract Documents
Guides and reports do not need to be referenced in Contract Documents
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Referencing documents
CHAPTER 7—RECOMMENDED VIBRATION
PRACTICES FOR GENERAL CONSTRUCTION
7.1—General…Internal vibration is generally best suited for normal construction, provided the section is large enough for the vibrator to be effectively used. External vibration or consolidation aids, however, may shall be needed to supplement internal vibration in areas congested with reinforcement or otherwise inaccessible (Chapter 18). In many thin sections, especially in precast work and slabs, external vibration should shall be the primary method of consolidation.
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Referencing documents
CHAPTER 10—NORMAL-DENSITY CONCRETE FLOOR SLABS … 10.3—Structural slabs Structural slabs that contain reinforcement and embedded items such as conduits, pipes, pipe sleeves, etc., should shallbe internally vibrated. Vibrating screeds are also shallbe used to facilitate finishing; a high-frequency, low-amplitude type may shall be used in this case.
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ACI 301‐10 Specifications for Structural Concrete
Construction specification for projects that are designed in accordance with ACI 318 or ACI 349 Contains the specification requirements for construction requirements for ACI 318 or ACI 349
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ACI 301‐10 Specifications for Structural Concrete
When ACI 301 is referenced, all of the requirements in ACI 301 become part of the project specifications
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A typical ACI 301 Committee Meeting
301 Chair
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ACI 301 Specifications for Structural Concrete
Reference specification that is written to be CSI Three Part Format General Products Execution
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ACI 301 Specifications for Structural Concrete
Written to be a stand alone conservative specification with specific defaults Document is written in terse language Specification is written to the contractor Checklists are written to the A/E
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Core Sections—Applies to all Reinforced Concrete Projects
Section 1—General requirements
Section 2—Formwork and formwork accessories
Section 3—Reinforcement and reinforcement supports
Section 4—Concrete mixtures
Section 5—Handling, placing, and constructing
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Optional Sections
Section 6—Architectural concrete Section 7—Lightweight concrete Section 8—Mass concrete Section 9—Post‐tensioned concrete Section 10—Shrinkage‐compensating concrete Section 11—Industrial floor slabs Section 12—Tilt‐up construction Section 13—Precast structural concrete Section 14—Precast architectural concrete
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Definitions of Terms
The verb “shall” is used when a provision of this Specification requires action by the Contractor
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Definitions of Terms
The phrase “Either…or…”is used when the Contractor is allowed to exercise an option when limited alternatives are available.
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Definitions of Terms
The verb “will” is used to provide statements in the specification as information to the Contractor.
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Definitions of Terms
The verbs “may” or “will” is used to provide informational statements typically identify activities or options that “will be taken” or “may be taken” by the Owner or Architect/Engineer.
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Definitions of Terms
The phrase “Unless otherwise specified” is used when 301 is of the opinion that the default items may need to be modified by the A/E. If this term were not used, there may be conflicts within the specifications.
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Definitions of Terms
The phrase “Unless otherwise permitted” is used when 301 is of the opinion that the Contractor may desire to ask for an alternative method. This would require a submittal by the Contractor and acceptance by the A/E.
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The Mandatory Requirements Checklist Work requirements regarding specific qualities, procedures,
materials, and performance criteria that are not defined in requirements in the Project Specification. This is used when there is not a default requirement in the specification.
Used when the A/E must make a choice 4.2.2.7.a Sulfate resistance—Unless otherwise specified, provide
concrete meeting the requirements of Table 4.2.2.7.a, based on exposure class for exposure to water‐soluble sulfates defined in Contract Documents. Submit documentation verifying compliance with specified requirements.
MRC 4.2.2.7.a—Designate in Contract Documents the exposure class for portions of the structure requiring concrete resistant to sulfate attack. Refer to ACI 318‐08 for description of exposure classes.
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The Optional Requirement Checklist The Optional Requirements Checklist identifies Specifier choices
and alternatives. The Checklist identifies the Sections, Parts, and Articles of the ACI Reference Specification 301‐10 and the action required or available to the Specifier.
When the phrase “unless otherwise specified” is used in 301, an optional checklist is generated to advise the A/E that he may need to specify an alternative requirement
4.2.1.3 Water and ice—Mixing water for concrete and water used to make ice shall be potable water unless alternative sources of water complying with ASTM C1602/C1602M are specified or permitted.
ORC 4.2.1.3 Specify if nonpotable water complying with ASTM C1602/1602M is permitted.
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The Submittal Checklist The Submittals Checklist identifies information or data to be provided by the Contractor before, during, or after construction. This checklist includes items that are to be submitted to the A/E or when the phrase “unless otherwise permitted” is used in 301, a submittal checklist item is generated.
4.1.2.8 Calcium chloride—When Contractor wants to use calcium chloride, submit a request including data demonstrating compliance with 4.2.2.5.
SC 4.1.2.8—Request to use calcium chloride.
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How to Reference ACI 301 MasterSpec
The requirements herein are based on ACI 301‐10, “Specifications for Structural Concrete,” published by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, except as modified by these Contract Documents.
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How to Reference ACI 301 for a Specific Project
Work on (Your Project Name) shall conform to all requirements of ACI 301‐10, “Specifications for Structural Concrete,” published by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, except as modified by these Contract Documents.
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Developing Specifications Engineer Not always written for the specific project Is not always familiar with entire specification
Contractor Read the minimum amount that is required to price and construct the structure Does not always review the project specification
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Reading Specifications
• Does not review entire specification
– Engineer
– Contractor
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Reading Specifications• Who has time to read the entire specifications?– Lawyers– Consultants
• Specifications are reviewed in detail
• Reference specifications are also reviewed in detail
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Reading Specifications• Specifications become critical during legal conflict
• When reviewing specifications think about:
1. What they can do to you?
2. What they can do for you?
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Resolution Process
Golden Rule: He who has the gold makes the rules.
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Winners and Losers
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A/E Spec Rule 1
Know what your specification states
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A/E Spec Rule 2
Determine the needs and wants of the owner and develop specifications that represent the requirements for the project, rather than those of previous projects. Be assured that if the project is constructed within the project specifications, the owner will get the product that he or she desires.
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A/E Spec Rule 3
Reference ACI 301 when the project is designed in accordance with ACI 318 or ACI 349; this assures the designer that the construction requirements that are in ACI 318 or ACI 349 are written in specification language.
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A/E Spec Rule 4
Strive to develop a reputation that your firm enforces the project specifications. This eliminates confusion both within your office and on the part of the contractor.
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A/E Spec Rule 5
State the project requirements concisely and only once
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A/E Spec Rule 6
Eliminate specification references to documents that are written in non mandatory language. They do not provide requirements and they will most likely make the specification confusing and unenforceable
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A/E Spec Rule 7
Do not use ACI 318 or ACI 349 as a reference in the specification unless the contractor will be required to develop plans and specifications for the project
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Contractor Spec Rule 1
Read the project specifications
Project specifications
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Contractor Spec Rule 2
Review and understand ACI 301 and other reference documents in a project specification
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Contractor Spec Rule 3
Plan to construct the structure in accordance with the contract documents
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Contractor Spec Rule 4
Before agreeing to a contract, be sure you understand the project specifications and are willing to adhere to all of the requirements
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Contractor Spec Rule 5
Submit requests for information if the specifications have ambiguities, apparent omissions, errors, or conflicts.
Request for information
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What happens when the specifications are not met?
Meeting the specifications should mean that the projects is accepted as is.
Not meeting the specifications means that the variances must be evaluated to determine their impacts on the structure.
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THE ENDQUESTIONS
THANK YOU
?
?
?
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Nicholas J. Carino, ACI Honorary Member, is a Concrete Technology Consultant in Chagrin Falls, OH. Formerly, he was a Research Structural Engineer at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, from which he retired after 25 years of service. He is well known for his work in
nondestructive testing of concrete and standards development. He has been an active member of ACI and ASTM International for more than 30 years and has received numerous awards in recognition of his contributions to research and standards development. Carino currently serves on ACI Committees 228, Nondestructive Testing of Concrete; 301, Specifications for Concrete; 329, Performance Criteria for Ready Mixed Concrete; 437, Strength Evaluation of Existing Concrete Structures; and ACI Subcommittee 318A, General, Concrete, and Construction. He also serves on new ACI Committee E707, Specification Education. He is a graduate of Cornell University.
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General Requirements:The Foundation
Nicholas J. Carino
Consultant
Chagrin Falls, OH
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Outline
• Section 1– General Requirements
• Section 2 – Formwork and Formwork Accessories
• Section 3 – Reinforcement and Reinforcement Supports
Content and Important Revisions
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Section 1—General Requirements• 1.1—Scope
• 1.2—Definitions
• 1.3 and 1.4—Reference Standards and Organizations
• 1.5—Submittals
• 1.6—Quality Assurance and Quality Control
• 1.7—Acceptance of Structure
• 1.8—Protection of In‐Place Concrete
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1.1—Scope
PCA PCA
PCIACI WEB SESSIONS
1.2—Definitions
• New terms to cover expanded scope of ACI 301‐10
• Terms that were used but not defined in ACI 301‐05
• Improved definitions of terms in ACI 301‐05
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Definitions
PCAACI WEB SESSIONS
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Definitions
PCAACI WEB SESSIONS
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Definitions
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1.3—Reference Standards
• ITG 7‐09: Tolerances for Precast Concrete
• ACI 423.9M‐10: Grout Bleed Stability Test (ASTM C1741)
• Steel specifications added to ACI 318‐08
• Over 30 other ASTM Standardsadded
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References Removed
• ACI 318
Mentioned in Notes to Specifier
• Non‐mandatory language documents
Certification program manuals
CRSI Manual of Standard Practice
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1.5—Submittals
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1.6—Quality assurance and quality control
• 1.6.1—General
• 1.6.2—Responsibilities of Contractor
• 1.6.3—Responsibilities of Owner's testing agency
• 1.6.4—Tests on hardened concrete in place
• 1.6.5—Evaluation of concrete strength tests
• 1.6.6—Acceptance of concrete strength
• 1.6.7—Field acceptance of concrete
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Testing Agencies & Technicians
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1.6.2—Responsibilities of Contractor
• Owner’s testing agency is responsible for strength test results of cylinders molded in the field
• Owner’s testing agency is responsible for initial curing of specimens
PCA
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1.6.3—Responsibility of Owner’s testing agency
• ACI 301 is not an agreement between Owner and Owner’s testing agency (ACI 311.6)
• ACI 301 informs Contractor on what can be expected on the project
Hence “will” is used instead of “shall”
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1.6.3—Responsibility of Owner’s testing agency
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1.6.4—Tests on hardened concrete in‐place
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1.6.4—Tests on hardened concrete in‐place
ProceqJames Instruments
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1.6.4—Tests on hardened concrete in‐place
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1.6.5–Evaluation of Concrete Strength Tests
• Owner is responsible for evaluating test results to document that concrete meets ACI 318 acceptance criteria
• Hence provisions use “will”
1.6.5.1—Standard‐cured specimens
1.6.5.2—Core tests (not to be used in lieu of standard‐cured cylinders for initial acceptance testing)
1.6.5.3—In‐place strength tests
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1.6.6–Acceptance of Concrete Strength
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1.6.7—Field Acceptance of Concrete
• 1.6.7.1—Air content
• 1.6.7.2—Slump
• 1.6.7.3—Temperature
• ACI 301‐05: concrete not withinlimits “shall not be used in Work”
• ACI 301‐10 Check tests permitted
If check test fails, “concrete is considered to have failed to meet the requirements of this Specification”
PCA
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1.7—Acceptance of Structure
• 1.7.1—General
• 1.7.2—Dimensional tolerance
• 1.7.3—Appearance
• 1.7.4—Strength of structure
• 1.7.5—Durability PCI
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1.7.4—Strength of structure
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1.7.5–Durability
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Section 2—Formwork and Formwork Accessories
• 2.1—General
• 2.2—Products
• 2.3—Execution
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Formwork Design
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Form‐facing Materials
• Eliminated reference to “rough‐form finish” and “smooth‐form finish”
• Finishes are covered in Section 5
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Formwork Accessories
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2.3.2—Formwork Removal• 301‐05
• 301‐10
…
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2.3.5—Field Quality Control
• Optional Requirements Checklist:
“Specify if Owner’s quality assurance inspection is to be coordinated by Contractor.”
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Section 3—Reinforcement and Reinforcement Supports
• 3.1—General
• 3.2—ProductsHS steel for transverse reinforcement (ASTM A1035/A1035M)
Headed shear stud reinforcement (ASTM A1044/A1044M)
Steel fibers (ASTM A820/A820M)
SS welded wire reinforcement (ASTM A1022/A1022M)
• 3.3—Execution
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3.2.1.2—Coated BarsDamage Repair
• For zinc‐coated and epoxy‐coated bars, maximum damage permitted to be repaired:
…
...
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Reinforcement Supports
• Mandatory Requirements Checklist
“Specify types of reinforcement supports and location used within structure. Refer to Chapter 3 in CRSIManual of Standard Practice.”
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Reinforcement Relocation
Bill Carter
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Concrete Cover• ACI 301‐05: Referred to “minimum cover”
Implies no “‐” tolerance, which conflicts with ACI 117 tolerances on location of reinforcement
• ACI 301‐10:
Are cover requirements needed in ACI 301 because ACI 318 requires location of reinforcement be shown on design drawings?
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Summary
• Section 1– General Requirements
• Section 2 – Formwork and Formwork Accessories
• Section 3 – Reinforcement and Reinforcement Supports
Questions?
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Related Documents
ACI Bookstore
ACI 301 – Bridging Codes and Specifications
ITG-8R-10 Report on Performance-Based Requirements for Concrete
SP-4(7TH): Formwork for Concrete
ACI 117-10 Specification for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials and Commentary
ACI WEB SESSIONS
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