D S Tare 1

ACCIDENT ACCIDENT PREVENTIONPREVENTION

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WHY ACCIDENT PREVENTION?WHY ACCIDENT PREVENTION?

• To save sorrow, offer security and bring sufficiency: Needless pain, suffering to the affected person, his family, social

obligation, prevent production of disabled person and rehabilitation problems etc.

• Increase production: Due to withdrawal of injured person, damage to plant and/ or

equipment/ machinery and/ or material, loss at time by fellow workers, loss of utilities etc.

• Reduce cost: Due to loss of time, wastage of material, cost of maintenance, cost of

material treatment, workmen compensation etc.• Optimum use of human resources: Loss of skilled worker, loss of time of other persons in attending injured

person, employing new person and training etc.• Improve moral of employees:• Improve public image of industry:

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What is an accident?What is an accident?

An accident is an unplanned and unexpected event which may result in an injury or damage to plant, equipment, machinery, material or both or the consequences there of.Accident with no injury are called dangerous occurrence/ event

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CAUSES OFCAUSES OF ACCIDENTACCIDENT

• 2 % - Natural calamity

• 10 % -Unsafe Condition

• 88 % -Unsafe Action0

102030405060708090

Nat

ural

Uns

afe

Uns

afe

% ofAccident

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UNSAFE CONDITION AND UNSAFE UNSAFE CONDITION AND UNSAFE ACTIONACTION

• Unsafe conditionUnsafe condition- Improper plant lay out- Improper light, ventilation- High noise- Unguarded machinery- Improper ladder, railing,

pathway etc.- Unsafe design or

construction-Hazardous process

• Unsafe ActionUnsafe Action- Improper knowledge- Improper training- Physical factor- Social/ Psychological factor- Over confidence- Improper communication- Alcoholism, Drug edicts

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ACCIDENT SEQUENCEACCIDENT SEQUENCE

Fault of PersonFault of Person

Unsafe condition or actionUnsafe condition or action

AccidentAccident

InjuryInjury

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FAULT OF PERSON DUE TOFAULT OF PERSON DUE TO

• Physical and mental condition of person• Habit pattern• Habit pattern interference’s• Lack of knowledge

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Effect of AccidentEffect of Accident The Iceberg Effect

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COST OF ACCIDENTCOST OF ACCIDENT• Medical cost• Compensations• Salary, wages, perks and other

benefits etc for absenteeism.

• Cost of time loss by others:- out of curiosity- out of sympathy- assisting injured person- for other reasons• Time lost by supervisors, executives

etc.• Time lost by maintenance personnel• Incidental cost, productivity of injured

persons• Loss of production/ sufficiency of

workers, production, idle machine time.• Over heads, utilities etc.• Repair or replacement of damaged

machine, tools, equipment, material etc.

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OTHER FACTORS FOR OTHER FACTORS FOR ACCIDENTACCIDENT

Human factorMechanical factor

Environmental factor

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HUMAN FACTORHUMAN FACTOR - Individual factor - Age, height, health, schooling,work

performance etc.

- Personality factor - Emotional, maturity, adjustment.

- Sociological factor- Size of family, financial status, social status, inter personal relation

- Psychological factor - Attitude towards job, interest and difficulties in job, machine habits, attention, fatigue, fear etc.

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MECHANICAL FACTORMECHANICAL FACTOR

• Layouts• equipment/ machine arrangements • house keeping• moving machinery guarding• construction • process• code of practice • spares available

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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR

• Illumination, ventilation, temperature, noise, vibration.• speed of work, hours of work, load of work, spread

over of work period.• Pollution.

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I was carelessI was careless

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I was carelessI was careless

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He was carelessHe was careless

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• 1 - Loss time injury• 10 - Major accidents• 30 - Minor accidents• 600 – Near Miss

As perDr. Frank E Bird Jr.

1

1

10

30

600

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• 1 - Loss time injury• 29 - Major accidents• 300 - Minor accidents• 3000 – Near Miss

As perH W Hen rich

( Father of Safety )

1

1

29

300

3000

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All the accidents can be prevented.

ACCIDENT PREVENTIONACCIDENT PREVENTION

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PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTPREVENTION OF ACCIDENT

• BASIC PRINCIPLE OF ACCIDENT PREVENTION IS ELIMINITATING THE HAZARDS.

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ELIMINATING THE HAZARDSELIMINATING THE HAZARDS• Engineering: All unsafe condition• Education and training: Proper job knowledge ‘on and off’ the job training, supervision,

hazard knowledge, emergency handling, procedures, use of PPEs and fire fighting equipment, change unsafe act and practices.

• Enforcement: Implementation of statutory rules and laws and other laws and

rules rewards, punishments.• Examples: Follow “ safety” before asking others to follow.• Role of particulars:• Management, managers, line management, supervisor,

operator, worker, trade union, works committee, safety committee.