acids and bases
DESCRIPTION
Acids and Bases. General properties. ACIDS Turn litmus React with active metals – Fe, Zn React with bases. BASES Turn litmus Feel soapy or slippery (react with fats to make soap) React with acids. Definitions. Arrehenius. only in water. Bronsted-Lowry. any solvent. Lewis. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Acids and BasesAcids and Bases
General propertiesGeneral propertiesACIDS
Turn litmus
React with active metals – Fe, Zn
React with bases
BASES
Turn litmus
Feel soapy or slippery (react with fats to make soap)
React with acids
DefinitionsDefinitions
Acids – produce H+
Bases - produce OH-
Acids – donate H+
Bases – accept H+
Acids – accept e- pair
Bases – donate e- pair
Arrehenius
Bronsted-Lowry
Lewis
only in water
any solvent
used in organic chemistry,wider range of substances
ExamplesExamples
Arrhenius
Bronsted-Lowry
Lewis
HCl NaOH
HCl NH3
:NH3BF3
HCN
The hydrogen ion in aqueous solutionH+ + H2O H3O+ (hydronium ion)
NeutralizationNeutralization
In general: Acid + Base Salt + WaterAll neutralization reactions are double displacement reactions.
HCl + NaOH NaCl + HOH
105Db
107Bh
Behavior of oxides in water– Group Abasic amphoteric acidic
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A1A
2A
8A
Group B
basic: Na2O + H2O 2NaOH(O-2 + H2O 2OH-)
acidic: CO2 + H2O H2CO3
pH
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11
The biological view in the human body
gastric juice
vaginal fluid
urinesalivacerebrospinal fluid
bloodpancreatic juice
bileacidic basic/alkaline
7
Tortora & Grabowski, Prin. of Anatomy & Physiology, 10th ed., Wiley (2003)