acids, bases and salts - sd67 (okanagan skaha) 10 pdf/chemistry/9. acids... · acids, bases and...
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Acids, Bases and Salts
Properties of Acids
7
6
5
4
3
2
Taste1
Properties of Acids
7
6
5
4
3
Litmus is2
Taste Sour1
Properties of Acids
7
6
5
4
Phenolphthalein is 3
Litmus is Red2
Taste Sour1
Properties of Acids
7
6
5
Bromthymol Blue is 4
Phenolphthalein is Colourless3
Litmus is Red2
Taste Sour1
Properties of Acids
7
6
Reacts with5
Bromthymol Blue is Yellow4
Phenolphthalein is Colourless3
Litmus is Red2
Taste Sour1
Properties of Acids
7
A conductor of electricity6
React with metals to form Hydrogen5
Bromthymol Blue is Yellow4
Phenolphthalein is Colourless3
Litmus is Red2
Taste Sour1
Properties of Acids
Will Neutralize7
A GOOD conductor of electricity6
React with metals to form Hydrogen5
Bromthymol Blue is Yellow4
Phenolphthalein is Colourless3
Litmus is Red2
Taste Sour1
Properties of Acids
Will Neutralize Bases7
A GOOD conductor of electricity6
React with metals to form Hydrogen5
Bromthymol Blue is Yellow4
Phenolphthalein is Colourless3
Litmus is Red2
Taste Sour1
Properties of Bases
7
8
6
5
4
3
2
Taste1
Properties of Bases
7
8
6
5
4
3
Feel2
Taste Bitter1
Properties of Bases
7
8
6
5
4
Litmus is 3
Feel Slippery2
Taste Bitter1
Properties of Bases
7
8
6
5
Phenolphthalein is4
Litmus is Blue3
Feel Slippery2
Taste Bitter1
Properties of Bases
7
8
6
Bromthymol Blue is 5
Phenolphthalein is Pink4
Litmus is Blue3
Feel Slippery2
Taste Bitter1
Properties of Bases
7
8
react with most metals6
Bromthymol Blue is Blue5
Phenolphthalein is Pink4
Litmus is Blue3
Feel Slippery2
Taste Bitter1
Properties of Bases
conductors of electricity7
8
Don’t react with most metals6
Bromthymol Blue is Blue5
Phenolphthalein is Pink4
Litmus is Blue3
Feel Slippery2
Taste Bitter1
Properties of Bases
GOOD conductors of electricity7
Will neutralize 8
Don’t react with most metals6
Bromthymol Blue is Blue5
Phenolphthalein is Pink4
Litmus is Blue3
Feel Slippery2
Taste Bitter1
Properties of Bases
GOOD conductors of electricity7
Will neutralize Acids8
Don’t react with most metals6
Bromthymol Blue is Blue5
Phenolphthalein is Pink4
Litmus is Blue3
Feel Slippery2
Taste Bitter1
When an ACID and a BASE are mixed,
you get a
When an ACID and a BASE are mixed,
you get a SALT
When an ACID and a BASE are mixed,
you get a SALT and WATER
Salts like Sodium Chloride (NaCl) are
used as food preservatives
Salted fish
Microorganisms are the cause of most food
spoilage.
High salt concentrations kill
microorganisms
Salt and vinegar are used to preserve
pickles.
Indicators are substances that are
different colours in acids and bases. One
example is litmus paper:
Another is Phenolphthalein
Another is Bromthymol Blue
Some Common Acids
Where acid is foundAcid Name
Some Common Acids
Citrus fruitsCitric
Where acid is foundAcid Name
Some Common Acids
ApplesMalic
Citrus fruitsCitric
Where acid is foundAcid Name
Some Common Acids
RhubarbOxalic
ApplesMalic
Citrus fruitsCitric
Where acid is foundAcid Name
Some Common Acids
VinegarAcetic
RhubarbOxalic
ApplesMalic
Citrus fruitsCitric
Where acid is foundAcid Name
Some Common Acids
Sour MilkLactic
VinegarAcetic
RhubarbOxalic
ApplesMalic
Citrus fruitsCitric
Where acid is foundAcid Name
Some Common Acids
Soft DrinksCarbonic
H2CO3
Sour MilkLactic
VinegarAcetic
RhubarbOxalic
ApplesMalic
Citrus fruitsCitric
Where acid is foundAcid Name
Car BatteriesSulphuric
H2SO4
Soft DrinksCarbonic
H2CO3
Sour MilkLactic
Vinegar CH3COOHAcetic
RhubarbOxalic
ApplesMalic
Citrus fruitsCitric
Where acid is foundAcid Name
StomachHydrochloric
HCl
Car BatteriesSulphuric
H2SO4
Soft DrinksCarbonic
H2CO3
Sour MilkLactic
Vinegar CH3COOHAcetic
RhubarbOxalic
ApplesMalic
Citrus fruitsCitric
Where acid is foundAcid Name
Burning fuels that contain sulphur can
cause sulphuric acid (H2SO4) to form in
the air. This causes ACID RAIN.
Some Common Bases
Formula Where Base is foundBase Name
Some Common Bases
NaOH
Formula
Oven & Drain CleanerSodium Hydroxide
Where Base is foundBase Name
Some Common Bases
KOH
NaOH
Formula
Oven & Drain CleanerPotassium Hydroxide
Oven & Drain CleanerSodium Hydroxide
Where Base is foundBase Name
Some Common Bases
Mg(OH)2
KOH
NaOH
Formula
Laxative (Milk of Magnesia)Magnesium Hydroxide
Oven & Drain CleanerPotassium Hydroxide
Oven & Drain CleanerSodium Hydroxide
Where Base is foundBase Name
Some Common Bases
Al(OH)3
Mg(OH)2
KOH
NaOH
Formula
AntacidAluminum Hydroxide
Laxative (Milk of Magnesia)Magnesium Hydroxide
Oven & Drain CleanerPotassium Hydroxide
Oven & Drain CleanerSodium Hydroxide
Where Base is foundBase Name
Neutralization
Acid + Base ���� Water + A Salt
Hair “perms” use Neutralization
The “waving lotion” is a Base.
An Acid (Neutralizer) is poured over the
Base to form a Salt, which is rinsed off.
Many household products are acids and
bases. If spilled, they can be neutralized.
Vinegar (a weak acid) will neutralize
Bases
Baking soda (a weak base) will
neutralize Acids
Some Common Salts
Formula Where Salt is foundSalt Name
Some Common Salts
NaCl
Formula
Table SaltSodium Chloride
Where Salt is foundSalt Name
Some Common Salts
NaHCO3
NaCl
Formula
Baking SodaSodium Bicarbonate
Table SaltSodium Chloride
Where Salt is foundSalt Name
Some Common Salts
KClO3
NaHCO3
NaCl
Formula
Match HeadsPotassium Chlorate
Baking SodaSodium Bicarbonate
Table SaltSodium Chloride
Where Salt is foundSalt Name
Some Common Salts
KNO3
KClO3
NaHCO3
NaCl
Formula
Fertilizer, ExplosivesPotassium Nitrate
Match HeadsPotassium Chlorate
Baking SodaSodium Bicarbonate
Table SaltSodium Chloride
Where Salt is foundSalt Name