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Genuine Safety. Outstanding Service.

SCAFFOLDING PRODUCTTECHNICAL GUIDE

AcrowSkaf Scaffolding SystemGeneral Technical and Application Manual

ACROWSKAF – Functional design with

simplicity of connection

The ACROWSKAF system has been designed and developed to

meet the requirements of the Australian construction and housing

industries.

ACROWSKAF principal design features are:

• Speed of assembly

• Low maintenance required to keep in top working condition

• Versatility of application

• Simplicity of components and their connection

• Galvanised components improve corrosion resistance

• No special tools required for assembly (hammer and spirit

level only).

ACOWSKAF – Easy to erect

Each component has its own built in connection to enable it to be

joined to its mating component in the system. With the exception

of bolting the handrail to the Aluminium staircase no additional

loose parts are required to join components in the system.

ACROWSKAF – Versatile in use

It is suitable for access scaffold or support structure with

an extensive range of special applications.

ACROWSKAF – Proven design with safety

accessories

The ACROWSKAF system has a proven performance history

on an extensive number of sites, meeting the requirements

of the various statutory bodies. A full range of accessories is

available to cater for safety requirements such as handrails,

mesh panels, ladder access, staircase access and components

to provide overhead protection.

Important

The erection and application instructions contained in this booklet

let are the recommended methods to be used for ACROWSKAF

products. The technical instructions contained in this brochure

must be accurately followed to achieve the correct function of the

product. Seek advice from the Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding

Engineering Department should you need to deviate from the

recommendations and technical details given in this manual.

The safe use and application of the ACROWSKAF system

must be in accordance with AS/NZS 1576, AS/NZS 4576,

Occupational Health & Safety Regulations, approved industry

codes of practice and relevant regulatory authority requirements.

The illustrations in these assembly instructions are guidelines only.

Safety Warning

It is recommended that users of the ACROWSKAF system

employ and implement appropriate procedures and

controls measures to eliminate or control any risk of

Musculoskeletal disorder/injury while manually handling

ACROWSKAF components.

Refer to Code of Practice on manual handling published by local

Workcover Authority or other approved and recognised guidelines

for correct and appropriate manual handling procedures.

Product Codes

The product codes shown on pages 3 to 8 are sales codes.

To determine the hire code, remove the letter Z.

Example: Sale code for ACROWSKAF Standard 3000mm

is ZMS30.

Hire code for ACROWSKAF Standard 3000mm is MS30.

Availability

Acrow Formwork and Scaffolding

hire more than one type of

scaffold system, however, some

branches may only carry one

type. Please check the availability

of the system carried by your

local Acrow Formwork

& Scaffolding outlet.

Characteristics of our systems

are outlined in Acrow Formwork

& Scaffolding technical brochures.

1 Photographs/illustrations shown within this brochure are intended as expressing the diversity and possible applications of the product and as such must not be used as assembly instructions.

2 In line with Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding Pty Ltd's commitment to continuous product development and improvement, the information contained in this brochure may be changed without notice.

3 Every effort has been made to give appropriate guidelines for the use of this product, however, Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding Pty Ltd accepts no responsibility for any loss or damage suffered by any person acting or refraining from action as a result of this information.

Should the users require any further information or guidance, they are encouraged to contact their local Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding Pty Ltd outlet.

ACROWSKAF Scaffolding System

Product Description Code No. Mass kg (nom.)

ACROWSKAF Standards

Standards are available in 5 basic sizes and feature V-connector clusters welded at 495.3mm intervals. The Standard features an external sleeve at the top end of it containing a built-in camlock locking device. The open ended design allows the insertion of another Standard or an Adjustable Base or Adjustable U-Head.

Camlock Sleeve Detail

ACROWSKAF Standard 1.0mACROWSKAF Standard 1.5mACROWSKAF Standard 2.0mACROWSKAF Standard 2.5mACROWSKAF Standard 3.0m

MS10MS15MS20MS25MS30

6.79.512.215.017.8

ACROWSKAF Transoms

The Transom incorporates a fabricated T section as the plank support member with a spigot, wedge and saddle assembly welded at each end. The spigot locates into the V-connector on the Standard and the wedge locks it in place.

The 1.83m and the 2.44m Transoms have additional web members welded below the fl ange section for added strength (See page 9).

Spigot Support Saddle and Wedge Assembly

ACROWSKAF Transom 0.76mACROWSKAF Transom 1.27mACROWSKAF Transom 1.83mACROWSKAF Transom 2.44m

MT076MT12MT18MT24

4.97.913.819.2

General Technical and Application ManualD

iscla

imer

2971

.8

495.

349

5.3

495.

349

5.3

495.

321

5.9

279.

4

3060

.8

100

45°

Plan

89

Spigotsupportsaddle

Wedge

Spigotpressing



ACROWSKAF Tie Bars

Tie Bars are used to interlock the ends of platform brackets and to provide a means of preventing the planks from sliding off the end of the bracket. The studs at the end of the Tie Bar locate into holesin the Platform Brackets.

ACROWSKAF Tie Bar 1.27mACROWSKAF Tie Bar 1.83mACROWSKAF Tie Bar 2.44m ACROWSKAF Tie Bar 3.05m

MTB13MTB18MTB24MTB305

3.65.16.710.8

ACROWSKAF Transom Beam

Transom Beams are designed for special duty load applications. Allows high deck capacity and large grid patterns.

ACROWSKAF Transom Beam 1.83mACROWSKAF Transom Beam 2.44m

MTBEAM18MTBEAM24

22.032.0

ACROWSKAF Transom Truss

Transom Trusses are designed for high capacity loading platforms and overhead protective structures.

Connects at 4 points, enhancing the rigidity of the scaffold.

ACROWSKAF Transom Truss 1.83mACROWSKAF Transom Truss 2.44mACROWSKAF Transom Truss 4.83m

MTT18MTT24 MTT48

40.155.5

111.0

ACROWSKAF Return Transom

The Return Transom is used at the end of a scaffold run where it meets another scaffold running at right angles to it.

The return fl ap of the Return Transom hooks over the Ledger of the adjacent scaffold, closing off the gap between the two scaffolds.

ACROWSKAF Return Transom 1.3m MRT12 9.7

ACROWSKAF Ladder Access Putlog

The Ladder Access Putlog is used to provide an opening in a bay allowing a ladder to pass through it.It spans between and is supported by the two Ledgers and attaches to one of the Ledgers by means of a J-bolt arrangement. It is available in two sizes.

ACROWSKAF Ladder Access Putlog 1.27mACROWSKAF Ladder Access Putlog 1.83m

MAP12 MAP18

9.311.8


ACROWSKAF Ledgers

The Ledgers are manufactured from 48.3mm O.D. tube with spigot, wedge and saddle assembly welded at each end. Ledgers are available in various lengthsto provide the desired bay sizes for scaffolding.

ACROWSKAF Ledger 0.76mACROWSKAF Ledger 0.81mACROWSKAF Ledger 1.27mACROWSKAF Ledger 1.83mACROWSKAF Ledger 2.44mACROWSKAF Ledger 3.05m

ML07ML08ML12ML18ML24

ML305

3.53.75.37.49.611.7

ACROWSKAF Diagonal Braces

Diagonal Braces are made from 48.3mm dia tube with a swivel C section and wedge at each end for connection to the V-cluster on the Standard. Their function is to provide transverse and longitudinal bracing to the scaffold structure.

The brace is available in various lengths to suit the combination of bay widths and heights.

ACROWSKAF End Brace 1.69mACROWSKAF End Brace 1.96mACROWSKAF Diagonal Brace 2.70mACROWSKAF Diagonal Brace 3.14mACROWSKAF Diagonal Brace 3.48mACROWSKAF Diagonal Brace 3.64m

MB17MB20MB27 MB32MB36

MB364

6.67.59.811.212.215.6

ACROWSKAF Platform Brackets

Platform Brackets attach to the scaffold Standard and enable 1, 2 or 3 plank wide platforms to be placed between the scaffold and the workface. The spigot, wedge and saddle assembly end locates into the V-cluster on the Standard and on the 2 or 3 plank wide brackets the ends of the brackets are connected to each other by Tie Bars. The 3 plank wide bracket has provision for a Guardrail post.

ACROWSKAF Platform Bracket – 1 PlankACROWSKAF Platform Bracket – 2 PlankACROWSKAF Platform Bracket – 3 Plank

MHUB1MHUB2MHUB3

2.1 5.9

10.2

General Technical and Application Manual

Brac

ele

ngth

Heig

ht

Bay length

1 Plank

2 Plank

3 Plank

Bay Lengthx Height (m)

Brace Length (m)

0.71 x 1.5 1.67

0.81 x 1.5 1.69

1.27 x 1.5 1.96

1.83 x 2.0 2.70

2.44 x 2.0 3.14

2.44 x 2.5 3.48

3.05 x 2.0 3.64



ACROWSKAF Steel Planks

Planks to suit ACROWSKAF are formed from galvanised steel sheet with a perforated tread to provide a non-skid surface. Perforations are taken close to the ends and edges of the plank to provide even coverage over the whole assembled deck.

ACROWSKAF Steel Planks 1.27m BayACROWSKAF Steel Planks 1.83m BayACROWSKAF Steel Planks 2.44m BayACROWSKAF Steel Planks 3.05m Bay

SPA13 SPA18 SPA24 SPA30

8.011.815.819.9

ACROWSKAF Aluminium Stair

The Aluminium Stair enables a stairway to be assembled within a 2.44m x 1.27m ACROWSKAF bay. Each end of the Stair is supported by a Transom. The width of the unit is half the bay width enabling two units to sit on a Transom, thus a continuous staircase can be built up the full height of the scaffold. Vertical height of the unit is 1.5m.

Aluminium Stair 1.5m rise CST15 26.0

Aluminium Stair Rail

The Stair Handrail follows the slope of the Stair and is bolted to the inside face of the Stair side member.

Aluminium Stair Handrail CPSTH 11.8

ACROWSKAF Exit Handrail

The Exit Handrail is typically attached to the top Aluminium Stairway unit. It provides an extension to the Stairway Handrail at the landing level and is used to close off access through the bay or the open space adjacent to the top Stairway unit.

ACROWSKAF Exit Handrail MEHR 11.2


Adjustable Base

The Adjustable Base is a generic Acrow F&S product which is used with all scaffold systems and some Acrow F&S formwork systems.

It has a solid stem of 36mm nominal diameter which has a nut restraint to ensure the stem always has a minimum engagement into the Standard of 150 mm.

Adjustable Base (Solid) Form/Scaf ABSFS 7.1

ACROWSKAF Catch Fan Transom

The Fan Transom is used to provide an angled platform for protection against falling debris.When used within the scaffold each end is attached to opposing Standards. For external use beyond the main scaffold the lower end connects to a V-cluster on the Standard whilst the top end is supported by the Fan Brace.

Consult Acrow F&S Engineering Department for load capacity details.

ACROWSKAF Catch Fan Transom MTF

8.5

ACROWSKAF Catch Fan Brace

Fan Brace is used to support the end of the Fan Transom when it is used externally. The brace connects to the V-cluster of a Standard and the hook end connects into the end of the Fan Transom.

ACROWSKAF Catch Fan Brace MBF 4.6

Mesh Panels

Mesh Panels are hung from the guardrail to provide a full protection screen 1 metre high along the length of the platform. The unit incorporates a built in kick plate and typically a midrail is not used when mesh guards are in place. Available in the nominal bay lengths.

Mesh Panel 1.27mMesh Panel 1.83mMesh Panel 2.44mMesh Panel 3.05m

MP13MP18MP24MP30

10.814.618.422.2


229

61

Holes to enableattachment ofhandrails

Width 602mm

450

Adj

ustm

ent r

ange

180 180

Typical Plank Section


ACROWSKAF Transom

** Note:• Loads W and P shown are not simultaneous loads. Refer AS/NZS1576.1-2010, Clause 2.5.3.1.2.

• The Transom Working Load Limits shown in the table above are governed by the Operational requirements of AS/NZS1576.1 Section 3. Typically, this limitation applies to working platform widths equal to Transom size L shown.

• Where Special duty design is required or design loads exceed Duty Live Load shown then contact your local Acrow F&S Engineering department for design advice.

ACROWSKAF Transom Beams and Transom Trusses

For special duty loading contact the Acrow F&S Engineering Department

P = Working Load Limit for point LoadW = Working Load Limit for Uniformly Distributed Load

General Notes:• Working Load Limits (P & W) may be limited by other components or assemblies.• Minimum bearing length for point loads = 100mm.


ACROWSKAF Corner Panel - 2 Plank

The Corner Panel is designed to fi ll the gap left where two runs of 2 Plank Platform Brackets intersect on an internal corner of the building. The unit attaches to the corner Standard and is supported by the Platform Brackets.

ACROWSKAF Corner Panel – 2 Plank MCI 7.4

ACROWSKAF Stair Stringer

The Stair Stringer is a steel frame used in pairs in conjunction with steel Planks to form a full width access stair 1.27m wide. The Tie Member must be attached across the centre of the Stringers to maintain the correct spacing between Stringers at centre span and act as a stability brace.

Stair Stringers are available in two sizes:

• 1m Rise x 1m Go - Used in 1.27m long x 1.27m wide bays.

• 2m Rise x 2.4m Go- Used in 2.44m long x 1.27m wide bays.

Note: Consult your local Acrow F&S Engineering department for design advice if wider stairs are required.

ACROWSKAF Stair Stringer 1m rise x 1.27m goACROWSKAF Stair Stringer 2m rise x 2.4m goACROWSKAF Stair Stringer Tie Member (1.3m)

MSS112MSS212MTMSS

12.533.31.6

Toe Board Clamp

Toe boards are secured using the generic Toe Board Clamp which locks around the Standard with its protruding prong holding the toe board plank or planks in place.

Toe Board Clamp TBC 0.8

ACROWSKAF Parallel Bracket

The Parallel Bracket is used to join two Standards closely together for applications such as constructing overhead hoarding support structure.

ACROWSKAF Parallel Bracket MPB 1.1

SCAFFOLD Castor

The Scaffold Castor is designed to fi t into the bottom of a Standard. It features a swivel facility and a dual function locking mechanism which locks both swivel and rolling motion of the Castor.

Scaffold Castor (200mm) CC200 4.5


Tie Member

0.76 to 1.27m Transoms

0.83 to 2.44m Transoms

Bottom web fin

TransomBeamSection

Section forall Trusses

1.83 & 2.44m

Transom Beam

4.9m

Transom Truss

1.83m 2.44m

L (m)Duty Live Load to AS 1576.1

W (kN)** P (kN)**

0.76 Heavy (6.6kN UDL) 2.0

0.81 Heavy (6.6kN UDL) 2.0

1.27 Heavy (6.6kN UDL) 2.0

1.83 Medium (4.4kN UDL) 1.5

2.44 Medium (4.4kN UDL) 1.5

Working Load Limits


ACROWSKAF Planks

ACROWSKAF Diagonal Braces Shear Capacity of V-Connectors

ACROWSKAF Platform Brackets

ACROWSKAF Aluminium Stair Unit ACROWSKAF Stair Stringer (used in pairs)

1.1

P = Working Load Limit for point LoadW = Working Load Limit for Uniformly Distributed Load

General Notes:• Working Load Limits (P & W) may be limited by other components or assemblies.• Minimum bearing length for point loads = 100mm.


Plank Size (nom)

L (m)

Point Load Capacity

P (kN)

1.27 4.3

1.83 2.9

2.44 2.2

P

L

229

62

P=15kN

P = 2.0 kN

1 Plank

2 Plank

P = 2.0 kN

3 Plank

P = 2.0 kN

P = ± 2.6 kN

For all standard sizes

P

W

W1.27m0.6m

2.44m

1.5m

nom

.

2.0m

nom

.

Stair Tread Width

W = 2.5 kPa

Total = 3.6 kN

W = 2.5 kN/m2

Total = 7.7 kN

• All planks meet point load requirement specifi ed forHeavy Duty Loading to AS/NZS 1576.1

• The sum of individual loads applied to Planks mustnot exceed the Duty Live Load for the platform per bay.

ACROWSKAF Assembly RecommendationsThe following scaffold Assembly Recommendations will give you the foundation principles to assemble a basic scaffold

structure. Through experience with the system, different and more complex confi gurations can be assembled.

For assistance with these recommendations contact your local Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding Branch.

Persons erecting or dismantling the components should be competent in this type of work.

For safety reasons, we recommend that no less than two erectors work as a team to erect ACROWSKAF.

Notes:

• Where assistance is required in erecting more complex designs other than Standard façade type independent scaffolding

and confi gurations not shown in these recommendations, contact your local Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding representative.

• In certain areas scaffolding may be exposed to high winds and as such special precautions regarding tying in and cladding

applications can apply. For assistance with design of scaffolding that needs to be enclosed by cladding contact your local

Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding Engineering offi ce.

• In some cases, particular confi gurations of scaffolds and particular sites may require scaffolders to use safety harnesses

and lanyard systems to provide protection against a fall when erecting the scaffold over a void or lean out from the scaffold

or supporting structure without the protection of a guardrail. In such cases do not attached harness systems to scaffolding

supplied by Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding unless approved by Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding Engineers.

Compliance to Statutory Regulations

Scaffolding must be erected in compliance with the requirements of Statutory Regulations and Australian Standards for

Scaffolding (AS/NZS1576 “Scaffolding” and AS/NZS 4576 “Guidelines for Scaffolding”) as applicable.

In addition, below are some specifi c areas for your attention:

Erection of scaffolding over 4 metres in height:

Personnel who erect, alter or dismantle scaffolding over 4m in height must hold a current National, State or Territory Certifi cate

in Scaffolding to the appropriate class.

Risk Management:

When planning the erection of any scaffolding, a site specifi c Risk Assessment process must be carried out. Generic Hazard

Identifi cation/Risk Assessments/Control methods profi les and Safe Work Methods Statements for the erection, dismantling

and the usage of scaffolding equipment are available from Acrow F&S Branches. Site specifi c Hazard Identifi cation and Risk

assessments and Safe Work Methods Statements would need to be generated for specifi c projects.

Manual Handling:

As part of the risk management processes we draw your attention the requirement that scaffolders must, as part of their

competency, be competent in manual lifting techniques. Therefore, Scaffolders erecting, altering or dismantling scaffolding

must follow the manual handling guidelines published by Regulatory Authorities or other guidelines and codes of practice

recognised as being acceptable by such Regulatory authorities.

Tap,don’t hammer

Seatedfirmly

ACROWSKAF Scaffolding System General Technical and Application Manual

8 With one erector still holding the fi rst frame square to the workface,

the second erector inserts an Adjustable Base into a 2m Standard and

connects it to the frame with a Ledger at the Standard that is closest

to the workface. This Ledger should now be positioned adjacent to the

workface and attached to the upper vee connector in the cluster. The

structure is now self supporting and the second erector completes the

rectangle with a further Transom, Ledger and 3m Standard.

Always maintain the sequence of a 3 metre Standard on the outside

face and a 2 metre Standard on the inside for the base of the scaffold.

Do not tighten the wedges - yet.

9 The bay can now be levelled. Starting from the highest point use a

spirit level to adjust the bases so that Ledgers and Transoms are level.

Accuracy in levelling at this stage makes for a good start.


10 Place ACROWSKAF Planks on Transoms at the base level and

complete the fi rst lift of ACROWSKAF with Transoms and Ledgers

at the desired platform height (not more than 2m above the base

members). Transoms and Ledgers above the base level must also be

located at the same level.

11 The bay should now be squared in plan and correctly located in

relation to the structure being scaffolded. Check squareness across

the diagonally opposite Standards. Checking squareness is assisted by

placing the recommended number of Planks between Transoms and

ensuring that Planks sit correctly with an even gap between the ends

of the Planks and the supporting Transom.

Fix a Diagonal Brace to the outer face and end face of the fi rst bay.

Always start by fi xing the Brace to the upper cluster fi rst, this makes

for safer handling.

Wedges can now be tightened in this fi rst bay.

Tap home the wedge.

No need for heavy hammering.

1 Before commencing the erection of any ACROWSKAF scaffold, care

should be taken to see that the ground is suitable and clear of loose

rubble to provide a stable base and clear access for erection. Where the

ground is soft or made up, it should be consolidated and the scaffold

should be erected on adequate timber soleplates. As a general rule,

each soleplate should be long enough so that it supports at least two

Standards. Bricks or masonry blocks are not suitable and should not

be used.

3 Check whether or not Platform Brackets are required adjacent to the

workface. If so, you will need to make allowance for the width of the Platform

Brackets and increase the distance between the workface and the closest

Standard.

4 Set the nut of the Adjustable Base near (not at) the bottom

of the threaded stem to allow maximum adjustment as the

scaffold progresses to lower ground levels.

5 Lay out the Ledgers and Transoms for the fi rst bay in the

approximate positions. Then insert an Adjustable Base

into each of the fi rst pair of Standards.

6 At the starting point, place a 2m and a 3m

Standard onto Adjustable Bases which have

been approximately levelled.

7 Form the fi rst frame by joining the Standards with

a Transom attached to the lowest vee connector

on the lowest cluster. Position the frame so that

the 2m Standard is closest to the workface and

the 3m Standard away from it. Ensure that the

camlock sleeve is at the top of the Standard.

The Transom should be connected to the lowest

V-Connector in the cluster, this ensures that the

Ledgers when connected will be in the correct

position for fi xing Ladder Access Putlogs etc.

Ensure that components are seated properly.


2 Commence erection - where possible - on the highest point of the

ground and work down the incline - this will make levelling easier

as the scaffolding progresses horizontally.

Start here at top


15 Face Bracing

All scaffolds require a certain amount of diagonal face bracing to eliminate any tendency for the

scaffold to distort or sway.

Before the scaffold goes beyond the second lift, Bracing should be added to the outside face and

on the ends. Braces attach to the outward facing Vee cluster on the Standard.

Further bracing must be placed on the scaffold as it progresses in length and height. Braces

should span from lift level to lift level and cross over joints in Standards and be positioned all the

way to the top of the scaffold.

Diagonal Braces provide stability to the scaffold and are used to brace adjacent Standards

longitudinally or transversely.

Face Diagonal Braces are positioned in the end bays of a scaffold run on the external face of the

scaffold. They extend from the fi rst Vee cluster near ground level to the top working level. They are

typically arranged in an alternating (zig-zag) manner to provide more stability to the scaffold. For

scaffold runs exceeding 5 bays in length, intermediate bracing is required where a maximum of 3

bays can be left unbraced. Variations to this spacing must be checked by the appropriate designer

and specifi ed in the design layout.

End Diagonal Braces are used between end pair of Standards in the transverse direction. They

extend from the fi rst Vee cluster near ground level to the top working level in an alternating manner.

12 Now complete the base layout by adding bays horizontally, levelling and positioning each bay as you go before tightening

wedges. Continue the 2m and 3m Standard combination for the full run. Once the base lift has been completely levelled

for the length of the scaffold, your spirit level should no longer be required.

Note:

Erection & dismantling of scaffold bays should be carried out from a fully decked platform or a platform of at least two

planks wide. Refer to local statutory regulations.

14 Additional lifts can now be constructed simply by adding further Standards into sockets of the Standards of the lower lift and

staggering joints wherever possible. Check that the vee connectors in the cluster on the upper Standard and camlock

sleeve are in the same orientation as the lower Standard and engage the camlock sleeve. Transoms and Ledgers are

placed at platform levels. Working levels should be fully decked out and fi tted with guardrails, midrails and toeboards

(or Mesh Panels) at the required positions.

Fully complete the longitudinal erection of a lift before progressing to the next lift.

Stagger joints in Standards wherever possible.

If 2.0m Standards were used on the inside face

of the fi rst lift and 3.0m Standards on the outside

face of the fi rst lift and each successive lift uses

Standards of the same height ie: inside and

outside both 3.0m or both 2.5m or 2.0m then

the initial stagger of the joints will remain through

the height of the scaffold.

13 Planks are now moved up to fully deck out the fi rst lift.

When these Planks remain in place as a working platform, Ledgers are positioned at 0.5m and 1m above the planked level

to form a guardrail and midrail. For working platforms, toeboards on the outer face are also required. A Mesh Panel which

is 1m high incorporates a toeboard and can be used in lieu of a midrail and toeboard. Mesh Panels are supported from

the guardrail.


Tying to Standards

Ties tubes must be connected to Standards and be parallel to Transoms at a position adjacent to the junction of the

Transom and Ledgers, with the following restrictions:

a) Within 300mm from the underside of the cluster at the junction - Connected to the front Standard with the addition

of check couplers.

b) Further than 300mm from underside of the cluster at the junction - Tie connected to both front & rear Standards.

c) If unable to connect to two Standards then reinforce front Standard for the full height of the lift with scaffold tube and

Swivel Couplers with couplers attached at 900mm centres.

Note:

The 300mm distance given in (a), (b) & (c) may need to be reduced, subject to the amount of tie force.

Increased distance between tie points

In cases where ties cannot be placed in the correct position, where ties have to be removed, where tie spacings exceed

those given in these assembly recommendations or in scaffolds which extend above the building, with the result that

typical tie spacings given in these Assembly Recommendations cannot be achieved, then consult your local Acrow

Formwork & Scaffolding Engineering Representative for technical design assistance with tie spacing and

confi gurations to suit your specifi c needs.

Maximum Height of Scaffold

When determining the maximum height of a scaffold, a number of factors must be considered.

• Live load of working platforms (ie: Heavy Duty, Medium Duty or Light Duty).

• Number of working platforms.

• Live load of platform brackets.

• Dead load of scaffold (eg Standards, Transoms, Ledgers, guardrails, mesh guards, platform brackets, planks, bracing,

shadecloth and chainwire mesh).

• The position of the top tie in relation to the top of the scaffold.

• Wind Loading (in relation to tie forces).

• Strength of the supporting structure for the scaffold.

Scaffolding confi gurations can vary greatly, so for an ACROWSKAF scaffold of typically 1.27m wide, constructed

using 2m lifts, braced and tied in accordance with patterns given in these recommendations, without cladding, with a

maximum of two Heavy duty working platform levels (6.6kN as per AS/NZS 4576 and AS/NZS1576.1), two levels of

planks and platform brackets, guardrails at the outside face at 1m vertical spacing for full height of scaffold, diagonal

bracing for full height, the maximum heights of the scaffold are as follows:

• For scaffold constructed with bay lengths of 2.44m or less, maximum height = 45m

• For scaffold constructed with bay lengths of 3.05m, maximum height = 34m

Note:

Any additional equipment such as additional planked levels, working platforms, platform brackets, spurs or the like

will increase leg load and hence reduce the maximum height of the scaffold. Therefore, where assessment shows that

scaffold confi guration exceeds the above conditions, consult your local Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding Engineering

Representative for technical design assistance with the maximum heights of ACROWSKAF and tying confi gurations to

suit your specifi c needs.

16 Ties It is essential that scaffolds be tied to the building or suitable structure to prevent inwards or outwards movement of the

scaffold. As such they provide stability and enable effective performance of the scaffold structure as it growsin height and length.

As a general rule, ties need to commence where the scaffold height exceeds 3 times its least width.

Typically ties comprise scaffold tube and right angle scaffold couplers and are connected to the Standards with right angled scaffold couplers.

Care must be taken that ties do not obstruct clear access along the full length of the working and access platforms.

The scaffold must not be built to allow it to cantilever more than 4m beyond the last level of ties. (See diagram).

Below are examples showing some types of tie confi gurations eg. around columns and through openings.

Warning:

Tie tubes must not be attached to Ledgers. Tie tubes must be attached directly to Standards, if this is not possible, then the

scaffold tube must be fi xed between Standards with Right Angled Couplers and the tie tube is attached to this scaffold tube.

Tie Confi guration

The diagram below shows an example of staggered tie confi guration for scaffolding assembled with 2m lifts and without any

cladding, such as shade cloth or other semi or non porous material. Ties are installed at no more than 3 bays apart for a

maximum bay length of 2.44m in the longitudinal direction and 2 bays apart for bay lengths of 3.05m. Ties should have a 4m

overlap in the vertical direction. Cladding the scaffold will cause wind loads to increase and tie spacings may need to reduce

accordingly. Contact your local Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding Engineering Representative for assistance with tie spacing for

clad scaffolds.

Note:

Where it is not possibleto use the typical tie confi gurations, other tie methods incorporating drilled in friction and “cast-in” type anchors are available. These methods have certain restrictions for use so contact your local Acrow Formwork & Scaffolding Engineering Representative for assistance.

4m maxbetweenstaggered ties

4m max beyondlast tied level

2m max beyondLift height typical

1 Bay max Between tiesAt Ends With No Return

Staggered Tie Points

Note: When using 3.05m ledgersthe max distance between tiers is 2 Bays

3 Bays max (7.2m)Between Tiesor from a tied return

4m maxtie levelHeight of first

Staggered Tie Points

Column

Double Lip or U Tie - PLAN Box Tie - PLAN

Column

Column Tie With Butt Transom - PLAN

Column

Connect toboth Standards

Reinforced tiedStandard

More than300mm

More than300mm

Within300mm


(ii) ACROWSKAF Stair Access Systems

Two types of stair access systems are available within ACROWSKAF:

• Aluminium Stair System

• ACROWSKAF Stair Stringer System

(a) Aluminium Stair System

Aluminium Stair units fi t within the Standard 1.27m x 2.44m bay. Each Stair unit is 0.6m wide and rises 1.5m over the

bay length of 2.44m and incorporates a landing at the top and base of the unit.

A 1.27m x 2.44m bay needs to be dedicated as the stair access bay. This bay can either be incorporated within the

main run of scaffold or adjacent to the run. The stair access bay typically shares common Standards with the main run,

however this detail needs to be checked during the scaffold design phase as height conditions and wind loading can

vary from site to site.

Commence the fi rst lift by assembling 2.44m Ledgers and 1.27m Transoms at 1.5m vertical intervals, except at

entrance and exit points to the stairway where head clearance of 2m (nom) is required.

Lift the fi rst Stair unit into place such that it is supported between the Transoms spaced at 1.5m vertical intervals and

position the Stair unit adjacent to the Standard. Note that stairway landings need to be adjacent access/egress

landing points at working platforms.

Install Ledgers at 0.5m and 1.0m above the landing level in both transverse and longitudinal directions to act as

midrails and guardrails respectively. Ledgers can be installed at 0.5m intervals on the exposed faces of the bay for the

full height of the bay.

Assemble the next lift of Standards Ledgers and Transoms and install the second Stair unit such that its bottom landing

commences from the Transom that supports the top landing of the lower Stair unit. A zigzag pattern of stairs should

now be established.

Where it is necessary to construct a stair access as a bay independent of the scaffold, then, ensure that the stair

access bay is adequately braced and tied to the main scaffold or other support structure. Tying and bracing need

to commence at completion of the fi rst lift.

Subject to space required to handle the Stair units within the bay during installation, the Stair Handrails are to be

installed at the earliest opportunity.

The Handrails bolt to the stair unit with M12 x 50 long bolts and ‘nyloc’ nuts. The Handrail should be bolted through

the holes provided to the inside face of the stringer part of the stairway. Holes are located towards the top and bottom

of the Stair unit.

This zigzag pattern of Stair units is maintained until the desired height is achieved.

Once the uppermost Stair unit is installed, an Exit Handrail will need to be installed. Since the uppermost Stair occupies

only half the Transom width, the Exit Handrail is needed to block off access to the remaining unoccupied width of the

of the bay. Where appropriate, planks can be installed to occupy the remaining width of Transom.

Note:

• Edge protection (guardrails, midrails and toeboards) is required at access and egress points of working platforms.

• Care is to be taken to ensure that head clearance of 2m (nom) is maintained at these points.

• Gaps between the stair access landing and working platform levels may occur and these should be kept to a minimum.

Suitable infi ll should be installed.

17 Access and Egress Methods

Every working platform level must be provided with safe and suitable access. This can be achieved by means of a

built-in ladder or stair access tower or by direct access from within the building or structure. Stair access can be

constructed with either Aluminium Stairway units or steel Stair Stringers as outlined on pages 19 and 21.

(i) Ladder Access

Ladder access is typically used where only a few persons need access to the working platform and where tools and

equipment can be delivered separately to the working platform (such as by rope and gin wheel, materials hoist or crane).

Ladder access bays can be constructed within the main run of the scaffold, however, where space permits it is preferable

that a separate ladder access bay be placed adjacent to the main run.

Single ladders need to extend at least 0.9m above the landing level, secured at the top and base and successive landing

levels should be vertically spaced at no more that 6m.

ACROWSKAF Ladder Access Putlogs are used to enable the formation of an opening within the deck through which the

ladder can pass. These Putlogs span between Ledgers and are typically positioned at mid-span of the Ledgers or at the

appropriate position to support two shorter length Planks. The remaining bay width is decked out with Planks that span

between Transoms in the usual manner.

Important:

Ensure that guarding and edge protection is installed around openings in Ladder Access Bays that are in or beside

working platforms.

Ladders inclined at slope ofbetween 4 to 1 and 6 to 1and fixed to Ledger/Transom

Tie LadderAccess Bayat Standardsevery 4m max.

Denotes Transom positions

0.9mmin.

6mmax.

4mmax.

24401270

Standard 3.2m Braces

End Braces

2.4m Planks x 3(Transom to Transom)

Ladder Access Putlogsecured between Ledgers

END VIEW ELEVATION

1.3m Planks x 2(Putlog to Transom)

2.4m Ledgers

1.27m Transoms& Ledgers

1.27m

1.27

m

2.44m

Install guarding& edge protectionaround opening

Ladders alternatingeach side of bay

LADDER ACCESS BAYELEVATION


(b) ACROWSKAF Stair Stringers

ACROWSKAF Stair Stringers are available to suit two bay lengths, 2.44m and 1.27m. The vertical rise of the stairs is

dictated by the bay lengths to maintain the correct tread spacing (2.0m rise for 2.4m bay and 1.0m rise for the 1.27m bay).

The lower end of the stringer sits on a Ledger whilst the upper end rests clamps to the Standard.

Landings for the stair access are constructed with 1.27m square bays at each end of the Stringers. ACROWSKAF

1.27m planks are used for the treads and are held captive on the stringer with an R-clip. Alternatively, timber planks

can be used, however these need to be bolted through the tread support plate on the Stringer. Standard face braces

2.44m x 2.0m are used as handrails and midrails.

Typically, a 12 Standard confi guration is used to assemble the stairway giving nominal overall plan dimensions of

2.54m x 4.98m. This bay can either be incorporated within the main run of scaffold or adjacent to the run. The stair

access bay typically shares common Standards with the main run, however this detail needs to be checked during

the scaffold design phase as height conditions and wind loading can vary from site to site.

Note:

• Edge protection (guardrails, midrails and toeboards) is required at access and egress points of working platforms.

• Care is to be taken to ensure that head clearance of 2m (nom) is maintained at these points.

• Gaps between the stair access landing and working platform levels may occur and these should be kept

to a minimum, suitable infi ll should be installed.

4mmax.

1270

Tie Stair bayat Standardsevery 4m max

1.5mRise/Lifts

2mLift

2440

Exit Handrail

Access/EgressPoint

Access/EgressPoint

Stair Handrail

2.44m

0.6m

1.27m

Tie Stair bayat Standardsevery 4m max

Standards

1.27m Transoms &Ledgers as guardrails@ 1.5m lifts

2.4m Ledgers

3.2m Braces

2.44m Ledgersas external guardrails Access/Egress Point

Aluminium Stair UnitsSupported on Transoms

Exit Handrail(bolts to staircase &swing gate attachesto Standard)

Stair HandrailBolted to stairs

Aluminium Stairway Access Bay

Aluminium Stair Access Bay Elevation

Aluminium Stair Access Bay Plan View

Denotes Transom positions

Acrowskaf Stair Stringerclamped to Standard

Acrowskaf Steel Plank

Transom

Ledgers

Face Bracesas handrails

Acrowskaf Stair StringerTie Bar

Acrowskaf Standards

Acrowskaf Stair Stringer

2.0m Stair Stringers(2 per bay lift - clampedto Standard at top &supported by Ledger at bottom)

Entrance to stairs(Typical)

2.4m Ledgers at 2m lifts(Top & bottom of Stringers)

3.2m Braces as Handrails(2 per stringer)

1.27m Planksfor stair treadssecure to stringers

1.27m Transoms at 2m lifts(Landings) & 1.27m Ledgersat 0.5m & 1.0m above Landingsfor Midrails & Guardrails

1.27m Ledgers at 2m lifts(Landings) & 1.27m Ledgersat 0.5m & 1.0m above Landingsfor Midrails & Guardrails

1.27m Planks at Landings

Standards Typical1.27m 2.44m 1.27m

1.27m

1.27m

STAIR STRINGER BAY (12 Standard configuration) PLAN VIEW


20 Scaffold Safety RulesDon’t take chancesNote:Platform (‘Hop Up’) Brackets

Platform brackets (previously known as Hop Up brackets) are used to enable a platform to be placed between the scaffold

and the building or structure and are therefore attached to the Standard closest to that workface. Widths vary from one to

three planks wide. Platform Brackets are usually installed such that they provide a platform at the same level as the work

platform or 0.5mm below the work platform.

When installing Platform Brackets, make sure that they are interconnected with a Tie Bar and that the open side of the Tie

Bar angle faces inwards, enabling the steel plank to sit in the angle. This prevents accidental dislodgment of the Tie Bar.

Corner Panels are also available to enable continuity of 2 Plank Platform Brackets around the internal corners of buildings.

These panels sit on two adjacent Platform Brackets and clamp to the Standard via the half coupler.

ACROWSCKAF Plank Arrangement

19 Dismantling

Care must be taken when dismantling scaffold as the stability of the scaffold must be maintained at all times.

After removal of materials and equipment from the working platforms, dismantle the scaffolding generally in the reverse

order of the erection sequence.

Removal of ties to the permanent structure should progress at the same rate as the dismantling process. Do not remove

ties until dismantling of the scaffold reaches the level of the ties.

Do not remove diagonal braces until it is necessary to remove the Standard that it is attached to.

Ledgers should not be removed from any working level before the removal of scaffold planks from the same level.

Localised overloading by stacking of dismantled equipment on partially dismantled scaffold must be avoided.

1 PlankPlatform Bracket



2.44m Bay10 planks plus toe boardplus Platform Bkt planks

0.81m Bay3 planks plus toe board



ALTERATION OF AN EXISTING SCAFFOLD BY UNQUALIFIED PEOPLEIS A SAFETY HAZARD AND MUST NOT BE UNDERTAKEN

Formwork

Scaffolding

Industrial & Mining Scaffolding

Phone: 1300 138 362or contact your business development manager.www.acrow.com.au

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