Action Plans to Prevent and Control Deforestation

(Aichi Target #5, National Target #12)

By: Chheang Dany, Deputy Director Department of Wild life and Biodiversity, Forestry Administration, Cambodia

Capacity building Workshop for Southeast Asia on Ecosystem Conservation and Restoration to support

achievement of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets

Jambi, Indonesia, 28 April to 2 May 2014

Outline• Back Ground and Introduction• Action Plans to Prevent and Control

Deforestation

IntroductionCambodia Is part of Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot of 25 Global hotspots, it have the largest remaining extensive intact block of a unique landscape of exceptional global importance for biodiversity conservation, habitats for thousand species of wildlife species and climate change mitigation, and one of nine importance of Biodiversity Corridor Conservation in Greater Mekong Sub-region.

Angkor Wat Temple, 12th century– World Heritage Site

Cambodia: The Kingdom of Wonder

Source: Ben ten Brink “BCI Measuring and Modelling Biodiversity 2006

Trend of Species Abundance in greater Mekong Sub-Region

Protected Forest and Protected Areas System in Cambodia

Population, Protected Forests and Protected Areas

Source: Ben ten Brink “BCI Measuring and Modelling Biodiversity 2006

Trend of Species Abundance in greater Mekong Sub-Region

Forest Cover Changes 2002-2010

Changes in percentages of forest types in

Cambodia, 2002 - 2010

Changes in forest cover in Cambodia, 1965 - 2010

Annual deforestation rate: 0.34% (1965-2006) and 0.5% (2002-2010)

Evergreen forest

Semi evergreen forest

Deciduous forest

Pine forest

Rear mangro

Mangrove forest

Rubber development, 2008- 2012 (MAFF, April 2013)

Challenges� Limited understanding of the Values of Natural

Forest function and It services

� Climate change will affect forest based livelihoods

� Lack of Cross Sectoral Forest land-use planning

� Illegal activities and weak collaboration

� Forest conversion and degradation, agriculture expansion

� Limited capacity, under staffing and insufficient knowledge for effectively managing Natural Forest

� Suitability of management models

� Under funding for Managing Natural Forests14

I. Millennium Development Goal: maintaining good forest cover 60% by 2015, and reduce a level of fuel wood dependency from 97% to 52% of total population by 2015.

II. Rectangle Strategy of RGC: ensure environmental sustainability through sustainable management of natural resources

III. National Strategic Development Plan

IV. National Forest Policy Statement

V. Forestry Law and relevant regulations

VI. National Forest Programme

VII. Green Growth Policy

15

Legal Frameworks

1. National Forest Demarcation, Classification and Registration

2. Forest Resource Management and Conservation

3. Forest Law Enforcement and Governance4. Community Forestry5. Capacity Building and Research Development

6. Sustainable Forest Financing

NFP Main Programs for 2010-2029

• Maintain national forest cover up to 60% of the total country area

• A minimum of 50% of processed wood for export certified.• Annual sustainable net revenue from the forest of 125

million USD. • Annual average net income from carbon sequestration of

25 million USD.• Demarcation of a total 120,000 km of forest borders by

2029, primarily completed during 2020-2029.• Increasing Protected Forests areas up to 3 mil. Ha • 500,000 ha of high value commercial plantation

established and managed by private stakeholders. • 1,000 community forestry groups fully recognized through

community forestry agreements.

NFP’s Key Indicators

Biodiversity Targets Indicators for Measuring ProgressProgress

(Traffic Lights)

Target 12 (Aichi Target 5): By 2020, the rate of natural habitat loss will have reduced, and restoration of natural habitat and wildlife corridors will have improved.

• Plan of habitat loss prevention, habitat and important ecology restoration.

• Areas and size of habitat restored and protected.

• Number of rangers and operational equipment and facilities.

• Assessment report on current rate of habitat loss and important ecosystem degradation.

Cambodian Biodiversity Targets & Indicators and Progress to implementation

Note: Green = good; Yalow = in trend; Red = no good

Result indicators 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Protected Forests and wildlife conservation area (ha)

50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000

Reforestation (ha) 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000

Community Forestry (CF) established and strengthened (site)

32 32 32 32 32

The Forestry Administration strategic plan 2014-18 program indicators (strategic level)

Preparation of Forests Management Plans

Forest Management Plan

Forest Management Plan (Southern Cardamom Permanent Forest Reserve)

National Arbor day was establish since early 1960’s

Habitat Restoration and Reforestation

More than 100 plants nurseries, more than 15 mil. pl ant seedling been producing and planting annually

One Tourist Plants One Tree

Awareness Raising and Grassroots Education

2. Inequality • Problems of Natural/Biodiversity

Resources policy implementation mistrust • Natural/Biodiversity Resources

management could be effective in short-term

• Groundless Natural/Biodiversity Resources policy implementation

• Forestland, wetland and other important habitats could be easily converted to other land use types (agriculture , economic concession etc.)

4. Sustainable • Rural poverty alleviation • Sustainable utilization and management

Natural/Biodiversity Resources • Forestland, wetland and other important

habitats is respected and forest plantation and habitat restoration can be increased

• Modality well managed of Natural/Biodiversity Resources

• Governance on Natural/Biodiversity Resources will be included and respected

1. Business As Usual • Decreasing Natural/Biodiversity

Resources • Ineffective planning and management of

Natural/Biodiversity Resources

3. Unsustainable • Fragile Land Tenure & Forestland

Grabbing continuous conflicts in forestland ownership

• Forest development will not be possible (because forest development needs long term investment)

Scenarios

Policy Commitment and it implementation

Participation & Engagement of Stakeholders

Collaboration, cooperation, mutual benefit sharing and collective responsibility to make world safer habitats for all

Special Thanks to : FA, FAO, SCBD, Jambi Provincial authority and the workshop organizer