Action & Reaction

Oct 4Oct 4thth, 1957: USSR , 1957: USSR launches Sputnik 1launches Sputnik 1 Sets precedence for Sets precedence for

advancement in advancement in science and science and technologytechnology

USA forms Advanced USA forms Advanced Research Programs Research Programs Agency (ARPA)Agency (ARPA) Later named Defense Later named Defense

ARPA (DARPA)ARPA (DARPA)

J.C.R. Licklider: The VisionaryJ.C.R. Licklider: The Visionary

MIT Researcher who envisioned a “Galactic MIT Researcher who envisioned a “Galactic Network”Network” Globally interconnected set of computersGlobally interconnected set of computers Everyone could quickly access data and programs Everyone could quickly access data and programs

from any sitefrom any site October of 1962, became 1October of 1962, became 1stst head of Computer head of Computer

Research at DARPAResearch at DARPA

"Packet switching is the breaking down of data into datagrams or packets that are labeled to indicate the origin and the destination of the information and the forwarding of these packets from one computer to another computer until the information arrives at its final destination computer. This was crucial to the realization of a computer network. If packets are lost at any given point, the message can be resent by the originator."

Paul Baran of RAND Corporation

APRANET StructureAPRANET Structure

MIT (Leonard Kleinrock) 1st node on ARPANET

University of Utah – Robert Taylor & Ivan Sutherland was the 4 th host added to ARPANET. They focused on 3-D representation

over the net.

1969: UCLA (BBN) Installed 1st Interface Message Processor (IMP) creating 1st host computer on ARPANET

1969: SRI – Elizabeth Feinler provided second host to ARPANET. 1st host to host message was sent from UCLA to SRI, successfuly

UCSB – Glenn Culler & Burton Fried was third host added and dealt with refresh rate over the net