ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

What is Active Voice?

• In Active Voice, the subject of the statement is

the performs the action.

• The object of the statement is the receiver.

• The receiver is affected by the action.Subject Verb Object

Receiver

Joseph draws a picture.

The teacher encourages the student.

What is Passive Voice

• In Passive Voice, the object of the verb

becomes the subject while the subject may

be omitted or introduced at the end of the

sentence with the preposition by and

becomes the agent

Subject Verb Object

The picture is drawn by Joseph.

The student is encouraged by the teacher.

When to use Passive Voice?

• Agent/doer is unknownBreakfast is served in the restaurant every morning at 7am.

• Emphasize the receiver than doerThe safety of our guests can be protected.

• A very useful resource to call the reader’s attention mainly in newspaper Tea is grown in India and China.

Smoking is prohibited.

• CRASHED GERMANWINGS 9525 OPERATED BY

LUFTHANSA’S BUDGET AIRLINE ( cnn

24/03/2015)

• Destroços da aeronave foram encontrados em

área de difícil acesso, a 2.000 metros

de altitude; Airbus fazia rota entre Barcelona

(Espanha) e Düsseldorf (Alemanha) ( folha de

são paulo - 24/03/2015

We form the passive with

the

correct tense of the verb BE

+ past participle.

• The object of the active sentence becomes the

subject of the passive sentence.

We have elected a new President.

A new President has been elected

They are playing the match on Saturday.

The match is being played on Saturday

John takes the pills.

by JohnThe pills are taken

Subject

Subject Object

Agent Verb TO BE + past participle

TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE

Present Simple I make a cake A cake is made

Present Contin. I’m making a cake A cake is being made.

Past Simple I made a cake. A cake was made.

Past Continuous I was making a cake. A cake was being made.

Present Perfect I have made a cake A cake has been made.

Past Perfect I had made a cake. A cake had been made.

Future Simple I will make a cake. A cake will be made.

Future be going to I’m going to make a cake. A cake is going to be made.

Modal I must make a cake. A cake must be made.

Modal Perfect I should have made a cake.

A cake should have beenmade.

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE

Present Passives

Present Passives

Let’s practice.

Present Simple

Pam eats the apple. ?

Present Continuous

Pam is eating the apple.

?

Present Passives

Present Simple

Pam eats the apple. The apple iseaten by Pam.

is/am/are + past participle

Present Continuous

Pam is eating the apple.

The apple isbeing eaten by Pam.

is/am/are + being + past participle

Present Passives

Change these examples into present passives:

1)I need my passport.

2)Susan is blaming me for the accident.

Present Passives

Change these examples into present passives:

What tenses are they?

1)I need my passport. (Present Simple)

2)Susan is blaming me for the accident. (Present

Simple Continuous)

Present Passives

Change these examples into present passives:

Present Simple

I need my passport. My passport isneeded.

is/am/are + past participle

Present Continuous

Susan is blaming me for the accident.

I am beingblamed by Susan for the accident.

is/am/are + being + past participle

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE

Past Passives

Past Passives

How to change the following active forms into

passive forms?

Past Simple Pam ate the apple. ?

Past Continuous

Pam was eating the apple.

?

Past Passives

How to change the following active forms into

passive forms?

Past Simple Pam ate the apple. The apple waseaten by Pam.

was/were + past participle

Past Continuous

Pam was eating the apple.

The apple wasbeing eaten by Pam.

was/were + being + past participle

Past Passives

Change these examples into past passives:

1)Hady took the picture of the sunset.

2)The cat was chasing the rat.

Past Passives

Change these examples into past passives:

What tenses are they?

1)Hady took the picture of the sunset. (Past

Simple)

2)The cat was chasing the rat. (Past Continuous)

Past Passives

Change these examples into past passives:

Past Simple Hady took the picture of the sunset.

The picture of the sunset was taken by Hady.

was/were + past participle

Past Continuous

The cat was chasing the rat.

The rat was being chased by the cat.

was/were + being + past participle

Passives for Future Time

How to change the following active forms into

passive forms?

Future Simple

Pam will eat the apple.

?

Going to Future

Pam is going to eat the apple.

?

Passives for Future Time

How to change the following active forms into

passive forms?

Future Simple

Pam will eat the apple.

The apple willbe eaten by Pam

will/shall + be+ past participle

Going to Future

Pam is going to eat the apple.

The apple isgoing to beeaten by Pam.

is/am/are + be+ past participle

Passives for Future Time

Change these examples into passives for future

time:

1)They will pitch a tent here.

2)Esther is going to sing a song.

Passives for Future Time

Change these examples into passives for future

time:

What tenses are they?

1)They will pitch a tent here. (Future Simple)

2)Esther is going to sing a ballad. (Going to

Future)

Passives for Future Time

How to change the following active forms into

passive forms?

Future Simple

They will pitch a tent here.

A tent will bepitched here by them.

will/shall + be+ past participle

Going to Future

Esther is going to sing a ballad.

A ballad is going to be sung by Esther.

is/am/are + be+ past participle

Note:(Active) � (Passive)They � them

People speak English in many countries.

English is spoken in many countries.

Someone robbed the bank yesterday.

The bank was robbed yesterday.

Our teacher will collect the projects tomorrow.

The projects will be collected tomorrow.

The tailor has made this suit for me.

This suit has been made for me.

Builders had made this house using mud.

This house had been made using mud .

Jill paints the fence once a year.

The fence is painted once a year.

Sue bought a silk dress for her sister’s wedding.

A silk dress was bought by Sue.

The police arrested them yesterday.

They were arrested yesterday.

John and Paul have taken a lot of pictures

since they arrived on the island.

A lot of pictures have been taken

by John and Paul since they arrived

on the island.

We asked her to help with the housework.

She was asked to help with the housework.

( They produce cars in this factory. )

1. Cars are produced in this factory.

( Mechanics have already checked

the cars in the blue area. )

2. The cars have already been

checked in the blue area.

( Electricians will install air-conditioning

in the cars in the red area. )

3. Air-conditioning will be installed in the cars

in the red area.