Doves N EaglesDoves N Eagles

Syed Mohsin , Beenish Shuma ,Syed Mohsin , Beenish Shuma ,Tasleem ,Perveen Sajida and NazirTasleem ,Perveen Sajida and Nazir

Active & Passive VoiceActive & Passive Voice

The Voice of verb shows the kind of relationship that exists The Voice of verb shows the kind of relationship that exists between its object and subject.between its object and subject.

When a verb shows that its subject actually performs the When a verb shows that its subject actually performs the action, it is said to be in the active voice.action, it is said to be in the active voice.

For example:For example:The dog chased the cat. The verb chased is in The dog chased the cat. The verb chased is in

active voice as the action denoted by it is performed by the active voice as the action denoted by it is performed by the subject, the dog.subject, the dog.

When a verb shows that its subject does not perform the action but receives it. When a verb shows that its subject does not perform the action but receives it. it is said to be Passive voice.it is said to be Passive voice.

Most transitive verb i.e. the verb that take direct objects can be used in passive Most transitive verb i.e. the verb that take direct objects can be used in passive voice.voice.

For example:For example:She disliked the story. (Active)She disliked the story. (Active)The Story was disliked by her. (Passive)The Story was disliked by her. (Passive)

While changing active sentences into passive, following rules should be While changing active sentences into passive, following rules should be followed.followed.

(i). Subject of active sentence will be object of passive sentence.(i). Subject of active sentence will be object of passive sentence. (ii). Object of active sentence will be subject of passive sentence.(ii). Object of active sentence will be subject of passive sentence. (iii). Place preposition by before the object of passive sentence.(iii). Place preposition by before the object of passive sentence. (iv). Replace the main verb by 3(iv). Replace the main verb by 3rdrd form of verb and use is, am, are, was, were, will form of verb and use is, am, are, was, were, will

be, shall be before it.be, shall be before it.

Changes in active & PassiveChanges in active & Passive ActiveActive PassivePassive

(i).1(i).1stst form of verb form of verb Is, am, are,3Is, am, are,3rdrd form of verb form of verb

(ii). Is, am, are, was, were, ing with 1(ii). Is, am, are, was, were, ing with 1stst form of verb.form of verb.

Is, am, are, was, were, 3Is, am, are, was, were, 3rdrd form of verb. form of verb.

(iii). Had, have, had, 3(iii). Had, have, had, 3rdrd form of verb. form of verb. Has, have, had been 3Has, have, had been 3rdrd form of verb. form of verb.

(iv). 2(iv). 2ndnd form of verb. form of verb. Was, were 3Was, were 3rdrd form of verb form of verb

(v). Will / shall 1(v). Will / shall 1stst form of verb. form of verb. Will / shall be 3Will / shall be 3rdrd form of verb. form of verb.

(vi). Will / shall be and in with 1(vi). Will / shall be and in with 1stst form form of verb.of verb.

Will / shall being 3Will / shall being 3rdrd form of verb. form of verb.

(vii). Will / shall have 3(vii). Will / shall have 3rdrd form of verb. form of verb. Will / shall have been 3Will / shall have been 3rdrd form of verb. form of verb.

These four changes are illustrated belowThese four changes are illustrated below SubjectSubject Active verbActive verb ObjectObject The Police chased the thief.The Police chased the thief. The Thief was chased by the policeThe Thief was chased by the police A sentence with a transitive verb plus an object may be A sentence with a transitive verb plus an object may be

turned from the active voice into passive voice, by turned from the active voice into passive voice, by shifting the subject into object and making necessary shifting the subject into object and making necessary changes in the verb phrase. The passive voice is changes in the verb phrase. The passive voice is generally used when.generally used when.

(i). The subject of sentence is unknown or difficult to (i). The subject of sentence is unknown or difficult to specify.specify.

(ii). It is desirable not to specify the subject.(ii). It is desirable not to specify the subject.(iii). Do , does will change into is. Are, am according to the (iii). Do , does will change into is. Are, am according to the

subject.subject.

Examples Examples THE PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSETHE PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE (A) (A) From Active into PassiveFrom Active into Passive

Active VoiceActive Voice Passive VoicePassive Voice1. I break a cup.1. I break a cup. A cup is broken by me.A cup is broken by me.

2. They eat apples.2. They eat apples. Apples are eaten by Apples are eaten by them.them.

3. My mother beats me.3. My mother beats me. I am beaten by my I am beaten by my mother.mother.

4. Do you sell 4. Do you sell potatoes?potatoes?

Are potatoes sold by Are potatoes sold by you?you?

ExamplesExamples THE PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSETHE PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE(B) (B) From Passive into Active From Passive into Active Passive voice Passive voice Active voice Active voice 1. Eggs are boiled by 1. Eggs are boiled by him.him.

He boils eggs.He boils eggs.

2. I am punished by my 2. I am punished by my father.father.

My father punishes me.My father punishes me.

3. Is the moon seen by 3. Is the moon seen by her?her?

Does she see the moon?Does she see the moon?

Sweets are not liked by Sweets are not liked by us.us.

We do not like sweets.We do not like sweets.