activity: the growth of unions american industrial revolution
TRANSCRIPT
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Activity: The Growth of UnionsAmerican Industrial
Revolution
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What is a Union? Why would someone want to join a union?
What can a Union do to achieve it’s goals?
PAIR SHARE
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Students will be able to explain what unions are and why they were created by creating a thinking map.
Objective
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The Triangle Shirt-Waist Factory Fire
Introduction
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Film Clip: Triangle Fire
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Triangle Fire – (1911) One hundred and fifty people, mostly young women, died in a fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York City.
Fire fighters arrived soon after the alarm was sounded but ladders only reached the 6th floor and pumps could not raise water to the highest floors of the 10-story building. Still the fire was quickly controlled and was essentially extinguished in half an hour. In this fire-proof building, 146 men, women, and children lost their lives and many others were seriously injured.
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The 240 employees sewing shirtwaists on the ninth floor had their escape blocked by back-to-back chairs and workbaskets in the aisles. The 75-foot long paired sewing machine tables obstructed essential access to the windows, stairs, and elevators.
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Few of the terrified workers on the 9th floor knew that a fire escape was hidden behind iron window shutters. The ladder descended next to the building forcing those fleeing to climb down through flames as they struggled past other shutters stuck open across their path. The design had been deemed inadequate and the material from which it was made was insubstantial. After a few made their way down, the heat of the fire and weight of the people caused the ladder to twist and collapse dropping many who had chosen it as their lifeline.
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For endless hours, police officers held lanterns to light the bodies while crowds filed past victims laid out in numbered rough brown coffins. As the dead were identified the coffin was closed and moved aside. Forty-three were identified by sunrise on Sunday. Six days later 7 were still unrecognized.
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Labor unions, religious communities, political groups and social reform organizations assembled to mourn the lost lives and demand real progress in worker protection. At times their differences in methods and priorities threatened to take back gains made in public awareness and the commitment to act.
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Problems Workers Faced
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Low wages Long hours (10-14 hours a day) No unemployment, no health
care benefits Government does not help
because of Laissez Faire
Problem #1 Unfair Working Conditions
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Black lung, white lung High injury rate
Problem #2 Unhealthy Working Conditions
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Children as young six were employed
Many worked full time Jobs to help support their families
Children were often injured on the job
Problem #3 Child Labor
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Lack of sanitation and police Families were often crowded
into one room
Problem #4 Poor Living Conditions
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Creating a Union
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Laborers wanted to create unions to fight for better wages, better conditions and benefits
Why Join a Union?
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Strike: stop working Picket: Protest usually by parading
and holding signs Boycott: Refuse to use a service or
buy a product Arbitration: When the Union &
employer representatives meet to try to come to an agreement w/out having to go to court.
What Unions Can Do
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Should it be one large union for everybody?
Should it be specific to an occupation
What Type of Union?
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Employers did not want their workers to join unions
If a worker was discovered to be part of a union they were blacklisted
Blacklist=name gets recorded and passed around so that no one will employ him
Employers & Unions
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General dislike for unions in America
Poor Public Image
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Workers eventually were able to form a variety of unions which gave them improved conditions like overtime and the 8 hour day
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What does this graph represent?
Why do you think Union membership increased at the turn of the century?
Why not before?
Working Conditions
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Unions Organize
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1. Read and highlight important information about The Rise of Labor Unions
2. Choose a “graphic organizer” to graph the information you just read.
3. Create the graphic organizer on your paper and fill it in with the important information from the reading.
Activity: Rise of Labor Unions
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Rise of Labor Unions Review
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1869 Tried to bring ALL laboring people into one
Skilled, unskilled, black, white, women Supported
Equal pay for women Temperance Abolition of child labor
Arbitration – third party helps to reach agreement
Became unpopular after Haymarket square riot Created bad public opinion
Knights of Labor
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1. 1886 – Samuel Gompers2. Skilled workers ONLY3. Separate unions based on craft4. Collective Bargaining – union,
employers, and employees negotiate for better working condition
American Federation of Labor
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A F L
Screen Actors Guild
American Postal Workers Union
American Federation of Teachers
United Steel Workers of America
United Farm Workers of America
International Association of Firefighters
Unions of the AFL - CIO
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What is a union? Why do workers form unions? What are some strategies
unions could use to get what they want?
Why wouldn’t employers want unions to exist?
Union Review Question