adaptations to living in the ocean · adaptations for temperature regulation marine animals other...
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Adaptations to Living
in the Ocean
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Adaptations of organisms to the
marine environment
Marine organisms have various adaptations for the conditions of the marine environment.
Let’s focus on a few of the adaptations that marine organisms possess for:
Flotation & Buoyancy
Salt Regulation
Temperature
Water Pressure
Oxygen
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Adaptations to Stay Afloat
Some animals (ex:
Portuguese man-of-war)
secrete gases into a float
that enables them to stay at
the sea surface
Remember: Viscosity increases with
decreasing temperature. So, small organisms
float more easily in cold waters than warm
waters. In tropical waters, organisms have
appendages to keep them afloat.
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Adaptations for Buoyancy Many species of fish have internal swim bladders
filled with gas that keep them neutrally buoyant
When a fish changes depth, it adjusts the gas
pressure in its swim bladder to compensate for
pressure change (gets smaller when swim deeper)
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Adaptations to Salt Regulation
Marine fish have adaptations to maintain
body water…
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Adaptations for Temperature Regulation Marine animals other than birds & mammals are
ectotherms so body temp is same as surroundings
Seabirds &
mammals are
endotherms & have
adaptations to
maintain body
temps in cold water.
Blubber (insulating
fat & connective
tissue) under their
skin
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Adaptations for Pressure Many organisms do not have gas-filled cavities
or lungs.
Deep-diving marine mammals may have:
Streamlined bodies (to reduce drag)
high conc. of myoglobin (holds oxygen)
collapsible lungs
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Adaptations to Obtain Oxygen Marine animals
need oxygen to survive
Many marine animals use gills to extract dissolved oxygen from seawater
Marine mammals must breathe air
Whales have blow holes
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Can you think of any others?
We’ve highlighted only a sampling of the
adaptations that marine organisms have to
survive in the oceans. Can you think of any
others?