adaptive immunity response occurs within days of the infection highly specific highly diverse ...
TRANSCRIPT
Adaptive ImmunityResponse occurs within days of the infection
Highly specific
Highly diverse
Memory component
Major cell types involved: T cells, B cells and antigen presenting cells
Antigens and Antibodies (CH4)Antigen – any substance that binds specifically to an antibody or a T cell receptor (TCR).
Antibody- a protein (immunoglobulin) that recognizes a specific region (component) of an antigen.
Naïve B cells – membrane-boundActivated B cells (plasma cells) – soluble (have been secreted)
Immunogen- a substance capable of eliciting an immune response.
EpitopeEpitope – portion of an antigen that reacts with an antibody or T cell receptor (TCR) also known as an antigenic determinant.
Properties of immunogenicityForeignness – molecule must be recognized as foreign.
tolerance – unresponsiveness to self antigens.
Properties of immunogenicityMolecular size –correlation between size an immunogenicity.
Bigger is better – i.e. macromolecules
Chemical composition/complexity
Properties of immunogenicityProcessing and presentation – important for T cell responses, ability of the antigen to be phagocytosed and processed.
LargeInsolubleAggregates
Antibody-Mediated Effector FunctionsOpsonizationAssist/activate complement systemADCC
Marasco and Sui, 2007
Antibody-Mediated Effector FunctionsOpsonization – promotion of phyagocytosis of antigens by macrophages and neutrophils.
Fc receptor (FcR)
Metzger 1994