Adaptive layouts

Patrick H. Lauke / standards>next / London / 28 May 2011

RANDOM THOUGHTS ON MAKING YOUR SITE CROSS-DEVICE FRIENDLY

we need a site that works on mobile

we need a site that works on iPhone

...works on iPhone...oh, and iPad

“remove iPhone from ass”Peter-Paul Koch, The iPhone obsession

www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2010/02/the_iphone_obse.html

make your site work on all (most) mobile devices

what exactly is a “mobile device”?

don't do browser sniffing

http://www.flickr.com/photos/timdorr/2096272747/

CSS 2 Media Types

Media types

all brailleembossed handheldprint projectionscreen speechtty tv

media="handheld"

CSS 2.1 Media Types

<link rel="stylesheet" ... media="print" href="...">

@import url("...") print;

@media print { // insert CSS rules here}

CSS 3 Media Queries“...the new hotness” Jeffrey Zeldman

http://www.zeldman.com/2010/04/08/best-aea-yet/

CSS 3 Media Queries

● build and extend CSS 2.1 Media Types● more granular control of capabilities

http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries/

Media featureswidth colorheight color-indexdevice-width monochromedevice-height resolutionorientation scanaspect-ratio griddevice-aspect-ratio

CSS 3 Media Queries

<link rel="stylesheet" ... media="screen and (max-width:480px)" href="...">

@import url("...") screen and (max-width:480px);

@media screen and (max-width:480px) { // insert CSS rules here}

Multiple expressions – and keyword@media screen and (min-width:180px) and (max-width:480px) { // screen device and width > 180px // and width < 480px }

Multiple expressions – comma separated@media screen and (min-width:800px), print and (min-width:20em) { // screen device with width > 800px // or print device with width > 20em }

Negative expressions – not keyword@media not screen and (min-width:800px) { // not applied to screen device // with width > 800px}

Negative expressions – only keyword@media only screen and (min-width:800px) { // only applied to screen device // with width > 800px}

Multiple media queries@media screen and (max-width:480px) { // screen device and width < 480px }

@media screen and (max-width:980px) { // screen device and width < 980px }

@media screen and (min-width:980px) { // screen device and width > 980px }

www.alistapart.com/articles/responsive-web-design

http://mediaqueri.es

http://mediaqueri.es

http://mediaqueri.es

http://mediaqueri.es

www.themaninblue.com/writing/perspective/2004/09/21

“not a magic bullet...”

viewport meta

physical vs virtual pixels

mobile devices lie(to better serve the user)

viewport metasuggests sizing to mobile browser

viewport meta<meta name="viewport" content="width=320">

http://developer.apple.com/safari/library/documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariWebContent/UsingtheViewport/UsingtheViewport.html

Viewport properties

width initial-scaleheight minimum-scaleuser-scalable maximum-scale

<meta name="viewport" content="width=480">

<meta name="viewport" content="width=550">

<meta name="viewport" content="width=550">

<meta name="viewport" content="width=550, maximum-scale=1.0">

maximum-scale=1.0breaks zooming!

if (navigator.userAgent.match(/iPhone/i) || navigator.userAgent.match(/iPad/i)) { var viewportmeta = document.querySelector('meta[name="viewport"]'); if (viewportmeta) { viewportmeta.content = 'width=device-width, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0'; document.body.addEventListener('gesturestart', function() { viewportmeta.content = 'width=device-width, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=1.6'; }, false); }}

adactio.com/journal/4470

device-width to the rescue?

in Mobile Safari only: device-width always same (portrait/landscape) … WTF?

high-dpi devices lieabout device-width

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">

480px / 160% = 300px

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, target-densitydpi=device-dpi">

CSS Device Adaptation@viewport { width: 320px; zoom: 2.3; user-zoom: fixed;}

dev.w3.org/csswg/css-device-adapt

Currently only in Opera Mobile 11 with -o- prefix dev.opera.com/articles/view/an-introduction-to-meta-viewport-and-viewport

Viewport properties

width / min-width / max-width user-zoom

height / min-height / max-height orientation

zoom / min-zoom / max-zoom

@media + @viewport@media screen and (max-device-width: 550px) { @-o-viewport { width: 550px; }}

only apply viewport width fixing on small-screen devices

@viewport@-o-viewport { width: 550px auto;}

minimum and maximum width

BUG ALERT: Opera currently not re-running Media Queries on portrait/landscape switch

www.opera.com/developerpatrick.lauke@opera.com