addiction: sin, disease, or psychological defect spears decision-making model is key to real...

Addiction: Sin, Disease, or

Psychological Defect

SPEARS Decision-Making Model is Key to Real BioPsychoSpiritual Treatment by

Integrating Science and Faith

By Karl Benzio, MD

OPPORTUNITY

Copyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

ADDICTION

Sin? Disease?

Personality Defect?Copyright 2014 - Lighthouse

Network

HELP! I prayed, took meds, and love

my mother!I’m DYING

Psychological Defect-Tell me about your

mother!

Sin- Have more Faith!

Disease- Take your MEDS!


What is Addiction?

Science and Bible Perspectives

DSM 4 TR… Substance Abuse

One or more of the following:• Failure to fulfill major obligations at work, school or

home • Use when physically hazardous • Recurrent legal problems • Recurrent social or interpersonal problems


DSM 4 TR…

Substance Dependence (Addiction)

Three or more of the following:• High or increased Tolerance• Withdrawal• Consumption of larger amounts over longer

period of time than intended


DSM 4 TR…

Substance Dependence (Addiction)

Three or more of the following (cont):• Unsuccessful efforts in cutting down• Significant time spent obtaining, using, thinking about or

recovering from the substance• Substance time replaces social, occupational, or

recreational activities• Continued use despite adverse consequences physical,

psychological (spiritual)


DSM 5: Substance Use Disorders

• Not using the word ‘addiction’• Behavioral Category – gambling(was Impulse DO)• Considered Sex, Eating, Caffeine, Internet• Internet Gaming and Caffeine Use DO in the

appendix• Use same 11 Criteria but:• Craving will be added, Legal issues dropped• 0-1, 2-3, 4-5, 6+


American Society of Addiction Medicine

Addiction is a primary, chronic disease of brain reward, motivation, memory and related circuitry.

Dysfunction in these circuits leads to characteristic biological, psychological, social, and spiritual manifestations.

This circuitry and resultant manifestations lead to the individual pursuing reward and/or relief by substance use and other behaviors.


5 Levels of SA/Addiction• EXPERIMENTAL USE: trying substance once or twice.• RECREATIONAL USE: using a substance socially, only with friends or

at a party• CIRCUMSTANTIAL USE: using a substance to escape or avoid

personal problems or life circumstances OR using a substance to get through a challenging situation (e.g.: taking caffeine-laced pills to stay awake to study for exams).

• INTENSIFIED USE: increasing over a long period of time. This describes the regular user who experiences on-going symptoms because of their drug use (physical, psychological, emotional, spiritual).

• COMPULSIVE USE: True addicts who can’t “voluntarily” give up their substance abuse. They can no longer choose not to use, and suffer significant life and heath disruption because of their addiction.Copyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

Bible Definition• Exodus 20:3 You shall have no other gods

before Me.• Exodus 20:4,5 You shall not make for

yourself an idol, or any likeness of what is in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the water under the earth. You shall not worship them or serve them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God,


Decision-Making StruggleRomans 7:15-25

For what I am doing, I do not understand; for I am not practicing what I would like to do, but I am doing the very thing I hate So now, no longer am I the one doing it, but sin which dwells in me. For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh; for the willing is present in me, but the doing of the good is not. For the good that I want, I do not do, but I practice the very evil that I do not want. But if I am doing the very thing I do not want, I am no longer the one doing it, but sin which dwells in me.


Real Addiction

• Goes deeper than behavior or brain chemistry.

• Worship is: Perceiving God accurately and Responding appropriately

• Addiction: Misplaced Worship, Worshipping the wrong thing

• Addiction: Promoting something other than Jesus to the center of your life/heart

• Solomon: all is vanity, under the sunCopyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

Real Addiction • Why Addiction: coping skill to ‘help’ deal with life/stress

– Circumstantial Use • We all have behaviors to help us cope with life/stress that

qualify as addictions that grow out of the idols in our heart• Benzio Definition of Addiction:

– Choosing or pursuing something other than God (or Him + the healthy solution He provides) in a habitual, patterned, or repetitive way to get a particular need/needs met

– A Coping mechanism, repetitively used, not focused on God

– Repetitively pursuing the created, not the Creator

•We’re ALL addicted to ……….. ComfortCopyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

Real Addiction • Addiction Role = Coping skill for stressor management

• Addiction Goal = COMFORT

• Addiction Object = the element we turn to thinking it delivers the comfort we desire– Usually a process rather than a concrete object

• Trading addictions • Treatment: Needs to get at the root issues that cause

discomfort Copyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

Addiction Statistics

• Past Year = 47% not including caffeine or porn• Cause of Death - #1(alcohol, drugs, nicotine,

food)• Immediate Family Members with addiction =

78%• Suicide #2 and addiction a big part• Addicted to Comfort = 100%


Your wish is my

command!

SOLOMON1 Kings 3:5, 9-11

The Most Important Spiritual Discipline:

Decision-Making

10 Reasons Why



Decision-Making1. Solomon’s Wish, God was pleased

Most Important Spiritual Discipline/Skill

2. God’s greatest gift you have 100% control of3. Spiritual Act of Worship Rom 12:1-24. Divinely Powerful Weapon 2 Cor 10:3-65. Constant Mode of Prayer/Communication 1 Thes

5:16-226. Wellspring of Life Prov 4:237. Key to Your Life Deut 308. Brain Exercise = Renews the Mind

Neurobiological Intervention

9. Intersection of Spirit, Mind, and Body; Science / Faith10.Light for Evangelism

Karl’s Story

Why did I become a

psychiatrist?


Karl’s First Beer


HARDWARE!


S.P.E.C.T. Scans

• Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography

• A sophisticated nuclear medicine study that looks directly at cerebral blood flow and indirectly at the brain activity (or metabolism)

All of the following slides are used with permission from “Images Into Human Behavior - A Brain SPECT Atlas” by

Daniel Amen, M.D. © Copyright 2000


Normal Brain-Top


Normal Brain-Bottom


Normal Brain-Active Views


25 year Heroin Addiction - 39 yo


10 Years of Mostly Weekend Marijuana Use 28 yo


2 Years of Frequent Cocaine Use - 24 yo


8 Years of Heavy Methamphetamine Use 28 yo


17 Years of Heavy Weekend Alcohol Use 38 yo


27 Year Daily Heavy Cigarette and Coffee Use 45 yo


PolySubstance Abuse and then 1 yr Clean


Depression

Copyright 2014 - Lighthouse NetworkBefore Treatment After Treatment

Images of PMS

Copyright 2014 - Lighthouse NetworkDay 2 of Cycle (Worst Time)

Day 10 of Cycle (Best Time)

Hardware SummaryDisease AspectOur brains are dynamic organs

• Our brains can be injured or diseased easily

• Our brains can be strengthened or renewed

• Not just born this way


Hardware Summary

Goal: Mind of Christ

Jesus’ Brain = Perfection!

1. Perceived everything from a Godly perspective

2. Responded with Biblical skills


BrainWorks – My Brain

Based on new scientific research, my brain does 2 things


Perceives

Responds

BrainWorks Research

Skin

GI / Cardiac

Panic Disorder Study


Panic Disorder and DepressionBefore and After St. John’s Wort and

EMDR


Heart of Transformation: Decision-Making

• No biological Intervention• But Brain Chemistry Improved/Renewed

Decision-making is exercise for brain• Good decisions = stronger brain• Bad decisions = injured brain


What determines accurate Perception and Response?Human Manuals – Distort lenses and responseHoly Bible – God’s Instruction Manual

DM: Science and Faith MeetPractical Theology

Integration and DM are Key!


Mind

SpiritBody

Decision-Making =

Spirit, Mind, & Body

Integration

DM: SMBI• Brain Chemistry – powerful gift is final

step of decisions• Mind – Free Will God gives us – DM =

EXERCISE for brain chemistry – Perceive/Respond– EXERCISE for brain chemistry

• Spirit – BIBLE principles and their application determines Decision Making Skills

• Decision-Making the intersection for Spirit, Mind, and Body

• Therapy is a neurobiological interventionCopyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

Decision-Making• Classes in DM?• Bible

– Jesus, Paul, Solomon, David, Peter, James– Biographies of good and bad

• Most people – Random– E-M-M-M, R-P-S, Dice, Magic 8 Ball, Coin Flip

• Bible– Gideon’s fleece, Cast lots, Urim and

Thumim, Prayer Dreams

• Strategy NecessaryCopyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

Decision-Making Strategy

• How many Decisions per day?

• Decisions Determine the course of your life.

• Decisions determine whether your brain gets stronger or weaker

• How do you make decisions?Copyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

SPEARS = Practical Theology

Psychotherapeutics• CBT• DBT• REBT• EFT• Mindfulness• Meditation• Psychodynamic

Psychotx• Motivational

Interviewing

Spiritual• Jesus Christ• Holy Spirit• Bible


SPEARS• All the elements• Right sequence• Requires thought• Requires intention• Requires practice


Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought

Stimuli

• Stimuli is anything that acts on or mobilizes your coping mechanisms

• All stimuli is neutral

• God is sovereign


Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought

What word do you see?


Test

• How many squares are there?

• Hint: What is the most important question?

• Is this the only way to view this?


Perception Exercise

• Things are not always as they seem: 84!

• Assumptions• Jumping to

conclusions• Knee-jerk reactions


Perception

• Perception is what really drives the decision-making process

• Subconscious• We are usually unaware of

perception because it occurs so fast in the decision-making process

• Adversary with a Strategy


Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought

Spiritual Warfare


• Your Soul!Satan’s Goal

• Your mind and brainBattlefield

• LiesWeapon

• Lenses• EmotionsStrategies

Devil Dogs


Bell

Bell

Bell

Meat

Meat

No Drool

Drool

Drool

Drool

Perception

• Satan gets to us as early as possible, when we are most gullible

• Unpack Life - FOO• Our brains our easily

influenced as kids (neuroplasticity)

• Relationships• Maturity is seeing life

clearlyCopyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought

Filters

• Greatest Perceived ThreatGPT• Greatest Perceived NeedGPN• Life Depends On LDO• Confidence C• MotivationM


Emotions


God has lots of emotions!

• Anger – Mat 23, Mark 3, John 2, 2 Kings 24• Jealousy – Exodus 20, Deut 6• Sad/Wept – Luke 19, John 11, Heb 5• Troubled – John 12• Forsaken – Matt 27• Abandoned – Matt 27• Tempted – Matt 4• Worried – Luke 22


Emotion• Warning system• Not a decision-

making system• Distort reality

- Court- Doctors

• Volume Buttons• Biblical truths soothe


Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought

Assessment

• Who is stronger: a tiger or a man?

• Emotional and intellectual volume– We fail when we let

our emotions rule our intellect

– Poor tolerance and soothing of negative feelings


Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought

Assessment• Options• Pros and Cons

• Weigh pros and cons using the filters (GPT, GPN, LDO, C, M)– SMB Damage/growth– Motivators


Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought

Response

• We need a relationship with God

• We need to put on the Armor of God

• Is this helping me or others become more Christ-like?

• WWJD?• Mark 12:30• Sometimes a combo of

optionsCopyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought

Summary Thought

• After review of each element

• Celebrate our successes, and learn from our failures

• Are my responses working for long term health

• Heart Change• Self-reflection and

assessment is paramount• Autopsy


Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought

Driving Force for Dysfunction

PAIN

Old BeliefsNew Beliefs

Stimuli

Perception

Emotion

Assessment

Response

Summary Thought


Main ProblemsOLD Beliefs-Lies NEW Beliefs-TruthNegative feelings are bad Negative feelings are our warning

system

I am all alone Jesus is with me, hook his yoke

We can’t endure negative feelings

We can endure and grow;God will meet us and give peace

We only have skills and of 8 yo We have skills and of an adult

Talking about them is bad Talking abut them is good

One variable is same, so all are same

One variable is same, so only one is same


DeconstructionS – “Screen Door is Broken”

P – Rubic – Intruding on my agenda for the dayGPT – not good enough, incompetent, not in controlGPN – control, competency, power, authorityLDO – me being in charge to minimize pain C – my ability to control and manipulate, verbally argue, control = power = soothingM – not feel the pain, be in charge or in control, do what I want to do when I want to do it


DeconstructionE – incompetent, worthless, failure, poor

husband, falling behind, angry, E Volume = 8 T Volume = 1

A – ignore, yell(leave me alone, I’m busy), shift blame(you and girls broke it), pick on her(laundry not done), pros/cons based on my filters/motivators

R – ignore, then blame themST – got her off my back and on a different topic,

get to do my agenda and watch the gamePain – incompetence, no control, exposed, out of

agendaold beliefs: I’m a little kid, people

telling me what to do, blaming me, I’m responsible for their feelings, this will ruin my day and all the other activities


ReconstructionPain – new beliefs:

Neg feelings are only warning system, God is sharing my yoke, God provides peace and comfort, I’m an adult, Won’t last long

He brought this for a reason for my growth so embrace it


ReconstructionS – “Screen Door is Broken”

P – Rubick – Opportunity and chance to serve my wife

GPT – dishonoring God, Flesh on throne, out of God’s will

SMB impact, hurting my wifeGPN – God’s will, please God, SMB growth, fruit of Spirit, LDO – Mind of Christ – SMB growth, AmbassadorC – God’s promises, Love, Forgiveness, Character, Instruction, His plan has worked in the pastM – SMB growth, Fruit of Spirit, giving back to God


ReconstructionE – interested, curious, connected to wife, slight excitement, sl financial worry but know God provides

E Volume = + 4 -1.5 T Volume = 8A – “wait till I am finished”, teamwork – call handyman, check our budget, go to home depot together

pros/cons based on my filters/motivatorsR – ask her to wait 15 minutes then we check it together, agree we can live with it but if it gets worse, call handyman for adviceST – honored God, wife, myself, SPEARS was good, SMB +,

fruit of spirit, no fruit of fleshPain – not much relational and was able to rely on God to see me thru the slight disruption and financial concern


Deconstruction/Reconstruction

• Prospective• Retrospective – Autopsy• Flexibility• Journaling• Thinking about it more – then real time use• Skills need Practice• Behavioral Change• Examination of Heart• Heart Change leads to Real Transformation• Motivators for Change


Hardware Summary

• Most important Spiritual Discipline• Bible talks the most about DM• Exercise for the Brain, Spirit, Mind• Intersection of S,M,B• Intersection of Science and Faith• Need a Strategy, Slow the Mind• SPEARS• Reveals what’s in the Heart• Easiest way to reflect/detect/resurrect


DM Key Points

Lighthouse NETWORK Resources

• WITHIN REACH: Disciplines for Real Life Change– 10+ Hours of DVD– 140 Page Workbook

• EDGING FORWARD: Mastering the Art of Godly Decision-Making– 8 Chapels(25 min each) on DVD

• Free Stepping Stones Daily Devotional – Emailed daily

• Life Change with Dr Karl Radio Minute – 460 Christian Radio Stations

• Addiction: Sin, Disease, or Psychological Defect DVD• Can Psych Meds Help Christians? DVD• Depression, Cutting, Bipolar DVDs• No Other Gods (SPEARS and example) DVDCopyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

Lighthouse Network Helpline

• Finds addiction and MH treatment options.• Expertise about all elements of the system• Free to client• Saves the clinician incredible amounts of time• We find great options for struggling people

844-Life-ChangeCopyright 2014 - Lighthouse Network

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addiction: sin, disease, or psychological defect spears decision-making model is key to real...

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