addressing issues of access, equity and participation - belize
TRANSCRIPT
BELIZE lies on the East Coast of
Central America “In the Heart of the
Caribbean Basin”
Demographic Bonuses & Challenges
• 8,867 Square Miles• 35 persons per square mile• 54.8% of population is rural• Median Age = 21• 36% under age of 14
DIVERSE ‘R’ US
MESTIZO 52.9%
CREOLE 25.9 %GARIFUNA 6.1%
MAYA 11.3%
ITVETS
BxNVQs/CVQs
105,209
State of Affairs
2 0 0 8 - 2 0 0 9 2 0 0 9 - 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 - 2 0 1 2 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 1 3 2 0 1 3 - 2 0 1 4 2 0 1 4 - 2 0 1 5
33.9
%
33.9
%
42.1
%
42.2
%
42.9
%
42.5
%
40.2
%
33.6
%
34.0
%
42.3
%
42.7
%
42.5
%
43.0
%
40.4
%
33.7
%
33.5
%
42.2
%
42.4
%
42.7
%
42.7
%
40.3
%
4.0%
7.8%
3.6%
5.6%
4.0%
1.4%
0.1%
PRE-PR IM A RY N ET EN ROLM EN T RA TES
Male FemaleOverall Total % Change Compared to Previous Year
State of Affairs
2 0 0 8 - 2 0 0 9 2 0 0 9 - 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 - 2 0 1 2 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 1 3 2 0 1 3 - 2 0 1 4 2 0 1 4 - 2 0 1 5
82.7
%
82.0
%
95.5
%
96.0
%
92.9
%
90.0
%
87.8
%
84.7
%
81.3
%
94.5
%
94.7
%
91.0
%
87.2
%
84.8
%
83.7
%
81.7
%
95.0
%
95.3
%
92.0
%
88.6
%
86.3
%
0.6%
0.5%
0.5% 3.
3%
-0.7
%
-1.2
%
-0.4
%
Primary net enrolment ratesMale FemaleTotal % Change Compared to Previous Year
State of Affairs
2 0 0 8 - 2 0 0 9 2 0 0 9 - 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 - 2 0 1 2 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 1 3 2 0 1 3 - 2 0 1 4 2 0 1 4 - 2 0 1 5
37.4
% 41.5
%
46.6
%
47.2
%
48.2
%
48.4
%
48.5
%
44.1
% 48.3
%
54.0
%
53.6
%
54.3
%
54.8
%
55.7
%
40.7
% 44.9
%
50.3
%
50.4
%
51.3
%
51.6
%
52.1
%
3.0% 4.
6%
2.5% 4.
1%
4.4%
2.3% 3.
0%
Secondary net enrolment ratesMale Female Overall % Change Compared to Previous Year
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
% Chang
e
Primary Repetition Rate 6.5% 7.1% 6.8% 6.2% 6.0% -7.7%
Primary Dropout Rate 0.8% 0.8% 0.6% 0.7% 0.7% -12.5%
Secondary Repetition Rate 9.0% 9.1% 7.1% 6.5% 7.6% -15.6%
Secondary Dropout Rate 10.3% 10.1% 8.5% 8.4% 8.6% -16.5%
Repetition and Dropout Rates
State of Affairs• Little evidence of
improvement on performance on exams at end of primary and secondary levels
• Teaching force at all levels largely untrained and much room for improvement in its management
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
21.0% 32.5%20.2% 29.9% 18.5% 21.7% 23.9%
79.0% 67.5%79.8% 70.1% 81.5% 78.3% 76.1%
Figure 11: Student Performance on PSE<50% on PSE ≥50% on PSE
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
44.9%
67.1%
83.6% 81.2%
60.1%71.5%
57.3% 53.7% 58.7%50.2%
43.2% 41.1%
Student Performance on CSEC
Grades I, II, III on English ALinear (Grades I, II, III on English A)Grades I, II, III on MathLinear (Grades I, II, III on Math)
State of AffairsThe church -state system of management and delivery of education fails to reach its full potential and makes a common approach to establishing standards and raising quality difficult to achieve.
The education system of Belize ought to do a lot better.
Access/Retention: Challenges/Gaps & Opportunities
• MEASUREMENT: Problems with measurement
No sense of the value of data and its use
Opportunities: Develop Effective M&E Systems (integrated); move to online data collection (OpenEMIS); develop passion for data and its use
Access/Retention: Challenges/Gaps & Opportunities
SCHOOL PLACES: A case of Running Fast to Stand Still
Opportunities: Achieve efficiencies in educational expenditure, rationalize planning and expenditure, partner with donors, innovate
Access/Retention: Challenges/Gaps & Opportunities
• CULTURAL AND ENTRENCHED BELIEFS & PRACTICES (Parents & Schools)– Special Needs
Students– Girls & Boys– Elitist System
Opportunities: Greater engagement and education of parents, training for teachers and school leaders, greater accountability, shift focus to the school rather than the ministry; incentives
THIS IS EQUALITY THIS IS JUSTICE
Access & Retention: Challenges/Gaps & Opportunities
The desks of Caribbean permanent secretaries are stacked with yellowing consultancy reports. The real question is not the what, but the why? Why, in spite of knowing everything we do, has change not materialized? There are physical and financial constraints and implementation deficiencies, but the overriding constraints are matters of political economy.
-- Avinash Persaud Fostering Growth & Development in Small States through Disruptive Change: A Case Study of the Caribbean.Opportunity: Be strategic (choose your battles), build alliances, recognize capacity constraints, and the absorptive capacity of system
Policy Objectives
Increase Equitable Access At All Levels Of Education
Improve the quality and relevance of education at all levels
Strengthen governance throughout the sector with emphasis on increased student achievement
CDB Support
Sector Diagnosis and Sector StrategyBelize Education Sector Reform Project Phase 1• Strengthening the M&E System• Regulatory Framework Reform• Human Resource Development Strategy• National Qualifications Framework• School Leadership• Systems Leadership• School Mapping
CDB Support Continued
Belize Education Sector Reform Project II• Construction of 35 New Schools• Resource Allocation• Early Stimulation and Emergent Learning Programme• Review and Rationalization of School Feeding Programmes• Determination of Implications of Increasing the Age of
Compulsory Education• Review and Rationalise School Feeding Programmes• Development of Early Identification System to address
Youth at Risk in the Education System
IDB SupportSocial Sector Policy Based Loan• Secondary Education Finance Reform• Belize Teaching Service CommissionEducation Quality Improvement Programme (EQIP)• System for attracting and accepting higher quality entrants into teacher
training.• On-site and distance practical professional development in English, Math
and Science• Capacity-building of the TEIs in their training of primary education
teachers.• Strengthening of the Quality Assurance Role of TEIs• Development of an entry into profession exam for new teacher candidates• School Leadership• Creation of an integrated EMIS (OpenEMIS)• Training and technical assistance to increase parent participation in school
management.
Other Partners & Initiatives• European Union (BAM & AMS)– Support for introducing regional Caribbean
Vocational Qualifications (CVQ) for ITVETS and Technical High schools.
– Purchase of Technical and Vocational Equipment for G/Town Tech HS, ANRI and SC (3 southern Schools)
– Designing Professional Development Training Program for Tech/Voc Teachers
Other Partners & Initiatives
• European Union (BAMS & AMS)– Teacher training at Early Childhood Education and Secondary
School Level (Northern Districts) - AMS 2012 – Bze$2.5M– Construction of 3 preschools in Northern Districts (rural)
Bze$1.25 M• Community Action for Public Safety (CAPS-IDB)– Positive Youth Development Curriculum– Gateway Youth Center
• Youth and Community Transformation (YCT-CDB)– Youth Drop-In Centres
Other Partners & Initiatives
• SIF, USMLO, Japanese Grass Roots Development Fund– Construction of new and expansion of Existing
Schools• UNICEF– Support for various MOE Initiatives including School
Improvement Planning, Positive Discipline in Schools, Framework for Integrated Early Childhood Development Service Delivery, Out of School Study
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