addressing measurement challenges of 160 mhz 802.11ac mimo · addressing measurement challenges of...
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![Page 1: Addressing Measurement Challenges of 160 MHz 802.11ac MIMO · Addressing Measurement Challenges of 160 MHz 802.11ac MIMO Presented by: Ron Harrison and Jake Sanderson, Agilent Technologies](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040922/5e9c7d8719791772ff2b99ae/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Addressing Measurement Challenges of 160 MHz 802.11ac MIMO
Presented by: Ron Harrison and Jake Sanderson, Agilent Technologies
![Page 2: Addressing Measurement Challenges of 160 MHz 802.11ac MIMO · Addressing Measurement Challenges of 160 MHz 802.11ac MIMO Presented by: Ron Harrison and Jake Sanderson, Agilent Technologies](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040922/5e9c7d8719791772ff2b99ae/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
2 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
About this Webcast
Objectives:
1. Discuss test and measurement architectures, both hardware and
software, for next generation MIMO wireless test including 802.11ac
2. Understand how to configure MIMO measurement technology
3. Learn to make and interpret key measurements for 802.11ac
www.agilent.com/find/wirelesswebcasts
LTE and Wireless - Webcast Series (Live and On-Demand Webcasts)
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
2 1
Related Webcasts in Series
Introduction to 802.11ac WLAN
Technology and Testing
Next Generation Very High
Throughput: 802.11ac WLAN MIMO
Design & Test Challenges
• Introduction to 802.11ac standard
• Understand how standard addresses
“very high throughput”
• Design & test challenges of standard
• Integrating simulation in system design
• Simulation to model design
performance
• System performance budget trade-offs
• Hardware-in-the-loop & MIMO
www.agilent.com/find/wirelesswebcasts
3
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
4 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Agenda
1. Market Drivers and Resulting Design & Test Challenges
2. Quick Review: What is MIMO?
3. Introduction to PCI Extensions for Instrumentation (PXI)
4. Software solutions for PXI instrumentation
5. Configuring PXI instrumentation
6. Making and interpreting key measurements for 802.11ac
![Page 5: Addressing Measurement Challenges of 160 MHz 802.11ac MIMO · Addressing Measurement Challenges of 160 MHz 802.11ac MIMO Presented by: Ron Harrison and Jake Sanderson, Agilent Technologies](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040922/5e9c7d8719791772ff2b99ae/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
5 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
New Applications for WLAN
Higher data rates are needed for new applications
outside “traditional” email and browsing
Key new features for increasing data throughput:
• Wider channel bandwidths: mandatory 20, 40, and 80
MHz; optional 160 MHz and 80+80 MHz (not necessarily
contiguous)
• Higher order modulation: optional support for
256QAM
• More spatial streams and antennas (up to 8) and
multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO)
• Up to 6.93 Gbps best case (160 MHz, 8 Tx antennas,
MCS9, short guard interval)
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
6 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
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Enhancements for 802.11ac
6
Feature Mandatory Optional
Channel frequency 2.4 GHz, 5.8 GHz
Channel bandwidth 20, 40, 80 MHz 160, 80+80 MHz
FFT size 64, 128, 256 512
Data subcarriers / pilots 52 / 4, 108 / 6, 234 / 8 468 / 16
Modulation types BPSK, QPSK, 16, 64 QAM 256 QAM
MCS supported 0 to 7 8 and 9
Spatial streams and MIMO 1 2 to 8 Tx beamforming, STBC
Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO)
Operating mode / PPDU format Very high throughput / VHT
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
WHAT IS MIMO?
7
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
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Transmit
Antennas
Receive
Antennas
SISO
The Radio
Channel
MISO
Single Input Single Output
Multiple Input Single Output
(Transmit diversity)
Receive
Antennas
Transmit
Antennas
MIMO
The Radio
Channel
SIMO
Single Input Multiple Output
(Receive diversity)
Multiple Input Multiple Output
(Multiple data streams)
MIMO: Increased Capacity
(and Test Complexity)
8
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
9 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Diversity
Improve robustness
Spatial Expansion
(Transmit Diversity)
Receive Diversity
Multiple Antenna Techniques in
802.11ac
Space-time block
coding (STBC)
X1, X2
-X2, X1*
y1, y2
Spatial division multiplexing
(direct mapping) Multi-user MIMO
Transmit Beamforming
Spatial multiplexing
Improve user throughput
Multi-user Increase system
efficiency
MIMO
MIMO (4x2)
Matrix
4 streams, 3 users X1
X2
y1
y2
Downlink only
Up to 4 users
Up to 4 streams/user
Total 8 streams max
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
INTRODUCTION TO PXI
10
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Data &
Control
Bus
Processing Measurement Technology
Test & Measurement Equipment Consist of
Several Building Blocks
Baseband
Generators &
Analyzers
Converters &
Detectors
Control
System
Signal
Condioning
Host
Processors
Protocol &
Digital Signal
Processors
Data &
Control
Bus Test
Management &
Control System
11
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Data &
Control
Bus
Processing Measurement Technology
Optimized Test & Measurement
Architecture for Multichannel and MIMO
Baseband
Generators &
Analyzers
Converters &
Detectors
Control
System
Signal
Condioning
Host
Processors
Protocol &
Digital Signal
Processors
Data &
Control
Bus Test
Management &
Control System
Chassis &
Backplane
Peripheral Modules Controller
• Test management,
control and processing
• Built on latest COTS
processors & software
• Upgradable hard drive
and memory
• Instant performance
upgrade by swapping
controller
• Modular measurement technology
• Build-up functional system
• Data and control bus
• Low latency
• High bandwidth
• Multiple peripheral
slots
12
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
PXI – Open Modular Platform
for Test & Measurement
PXI in Industry
1,500+ products
70+ vendors
100k+ systems deployed
• Capable T&M Platform
– Foundation adapted from consumer products
– Robust, mature technologies
• Current PXI Implementations
– PXI adopts CompactPCI and CompactPCI Express
– Engineering requirements for infrastructure
13
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
15 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Strengths of PXI in
Shared Resources
• Instrumentation Clocks
– 10 MHz and 100 MHz
– Capable of High Quality
• Trigger Buses
– Parallel PXI_TRIG
– Matched STAR and DSTAR Lines
• Data Communication
– PCI Parallel Bus
– PCIe Point-to-Point Architecture
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Importance of Bandwidth
and Latency in T&M Buses
1
10
100
1000
10000
Throughput Latency
0.1
1
10
100
1000
Maxim
um
Bandw
idth
(M
B/s
)
Appro
xim
ate
Late
ncy (
us)
• Latency: the amount of time it takes data to be received after it is transmitted
• Bandwidth: a measure of the rate of data transferred on a bus over time, measured in MB/s
Goal of System: ↑ bandwidth & ↓ latency
16
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Wireless Communications
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PCI Express (PCIe) links & lanes
17
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
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PXIe Backplane
PCIe Gen 2 Switches (4 GB/s)
•30W per slot
•13 signal PXI local bus
•Length-matched Star Trigger
•8 signal TTL trigger bus
18
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PXI &
STANDALONE BOX INSTRUMENTS
19
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Differences Between
PXI and Standalone Box
Modular
• Greater flexibility/scalability
• Integrated system
• Higher throughput
• Smaller footprint
• Lower power
• More cost effective
Standalone Box
•Interactive measurement
•Time to first measurement
•Predictable system performance
•Lower software investment
•No infrastructure investment
20
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
PXI ARCHITECTURAL
STRUCTURES FOR 802.11AC
21
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
22 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
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3-Channel Wideband MIMO PXI VSA
• M9202A IF Digitizer
• Resolution: 12 bit
• Sample Rate: 2 GS/s
• Bandwidth: 800 MHz
• Nominal residual EVM -43 to -46
dB for 80 MHz BW signals
M9362A-D01
4 Ch Down-
converter
3 x
M9202A
Digitizer
M9352A
Amp
Atten
• M9362A-D01 4-channel Downconverter
• 1.5 GHz BW
• 10 MHz – 26.5 GHz
• M9352A Amp/Attn
• 1 GHz analog bandwidth
• 36 dB Maximum Gain
• ½ dB attenuation Steps
Key building blocks enable outstanding performance
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
23 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
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23
Building Blocks of a Wideband
Measurement Solutions
M9362A-D01
Downconverter
100 MHz Out1
100 MHz Out2
Video Trigger This Channel
M9352A
Amp Attenuator M9168C uW
Attenuator
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
24 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
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24
Building Blocks of a Wideband
Measurement Solutions
M9362A-D01
Downconverter
100 MHz Out1
100 MHz Out2
Video Trigger This Channel
M9352A
Amp Attenuator M9168C uW
Attenuator
M9202A Digitizer /
Digital IF Module •12 bit resolution
•2 GS/s max sample rate
•1 GHz max BW
•Hardware digital
downconversion
•High speed data upload
M9352A Quad IF
Amplifier/Attenuator •Fast IF power control with 31.5 dB
solid state IF attenuator with 0.5 dB steps
•Analog Bandwidth (3dB) : 1 GHz
•≥ 5 dB Minimum Gain (nominal)
•≥ 36 dB Maximum Gain (nominal)
M9362A Quad
Downconverter Module •10 MHz to 26.5 GHz
•4 CH Synchronous
•IF BW = 1.5 GHz
M9168C Programmable
Step Attenuator •0.03 dB insertion loss
repeatability
•0 to 101 dB, 1 dB steps
•+0.4 dB flatness @ 26.5 GHz
M9302A LO Module •Supplies LO to downconverters
•Supplies 100 MHz reference to
digitizer for sampling clock generation
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS FOR
PXI INSTRUMENTATION
25
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
26 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Software Platforms for PXI
• Agilent Connection Expert
• List and configure instruments
Configuration Utility
• Natural instrument interface
• Quickly launch and debug
• Ensure proper setup
Soft Front Panels
• LabVIEW
• MATLAB
• LabWindows/CVI
• Visual Studio C#, C/C++, VB.NET
• VEE
Application Programming Interface (API)
• Signal Studio
• Waveform Editing
• Jitter Generation
• Digital Debug
• Waveform Analysis
• SystemVue
• 89600A/B VSA Measurement Applications
IVI-C/COM, .NET, LabVIEW G drivers, Calibration, IO Libraries
Measurement Science
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
CONFIGURING PXI EQUIPMENT
DEBUGGING W/ SOFT FRONT PANELS
Demo 1
27
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
28 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
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Transmitter Tests
Section 22.3.19 in 802.11ac Standard
1. Transmit spectrum mask
2. Spectral flatness
3. Transmit center frequency tolerance
4. Packet alignment
5. Symbol clock frequency tolerance
6. Modulation accuracy
– Transmit center frequency leakage
– Transmitter constellation error (EVM)
28
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
USING 89600 VSA SOFTWARE
W/ PXI INSTRUMENTS
Demo 2
29
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Agilent Multi-channel Signal Analyzer Solutions
~ $138,000 ~ $113,500 (~$138,500 for 3 channels)
Wideband MIMO PXI
VSA
Dual channel PXI
VSA
90000SeriesScopes PXA Signal Analyzer N7109A
Applications 80 + 80 MHz and 160 MHz
802.11ac R&D / DVT, MIMO
Environment recording with
wide bandwidths and
multichannel to support 80 +
80 MHz 802.11ac
2 to 4 Channel MIMO
802.11ac, LTE, WiMAX
Beamforming R&D
Troubleshoot multichannel
timing errors, GP debug
802.11ac, LTE-Advanced 802.11n, WiMAX,
LTE Advanced, MIMO,
Beamforming R&D
Freq Range 2.25 GHz to 26.5 GHz
(lower with external LO)
50 MHz to 26.5 GHz DC to 33 GHz
(IQ and IF/RF)
3 Hz to
3.6/8.4/13.6/26.5/44/50 GHz
(IQ and IF/RF)
20 MHz to 6 GHz
# Channels/Chassis 2 to 4 channels (1 chassis)
Up to 8 channels (2 chassis)
1 or 2 channels 4 phase coherent channels 1 (up to 160 MHz BW)
2 (up to 40 MHz BW) [H2’12]
2, 4, or 8 channels
Maximum Analysis
BW
800 MHz 250 MHz DC to 33 GHz 160 MHz (1-ch)
40 MHz (2-ch) [H2’12]
40 MHz
Ind. Channel Tuning Only within IF bandwidth Across RF Freq Range N/A N/A (Single Channel) Across RF Freq Range
Minimum Frequency
for Widest BW
2.25 GHz M9302A PXI LO
10 MHz with External LO
2.25 GHz DC 3 Hz 20 MHz
(always up to 40MHz BW)
89600 VSA Support Digitizer Control Only Full Hardware Support Full Hardware Support Full Hardware Support Full Hardware Support
Swept Measurements No (except VSA macros) No (except VSA macros) N/A Yes No (except VSA macros)
Streaming Support Yes (Up to 100 MHz) Yes (Up to 100 MHz) No No 132MSa capture
Typical EVM
(w/ EQ set to preamble,
pilots, data )
-44 to -46dB, 80MHz BW
-41 to -43dB, 160MHz BW
-44 to -46dB, 80MHz BW
-41 to -43dB, 160MHz BW
~ -40dB, 80MHz BW
~ -40dB, 160MHz BW
-49 to -51dB, 80MHz BW
-47 to -51dB, 160MHz BW
-43 to -47dB
depending on signal
Synchronization/
phase coherent
Synchronized
(not phase coherent)
Synchronized
(not phase coherent)
Yes Yes Yes, also
independently tunable
Pricing 2- ch $113K
3-ch $138K
4-ch $163K
2-ch $138K 13 GHz Model, 4 ch $123K 8.4 GHz Model
1-ch $ 60K
2-ch $120K
2-ch $ 84.9K
4-ch $105.5K
8-ch $208.5K
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
New Agilent RF Vector Signal Generators
N5172B EXG
• 9 kHz to 6 GHz
• Up to 512 MSamples baseband memory
• 120 MHz modulation BW with internal baseband
generator
• Opt. 012 provides LO in/out for phase coherency
for MIMO
• Excellent EVM: ~0.35% or -49 dB for 80 MHz
802.11ac signal
• 9 kHz to 6 GHz
• Up to 1 GSamples baseband memory
• 160 MHz modulation BW with internal
baseband generator
• Opt. 012 provides LO in/out for phase
coherency for MIMO
• Enhanced phase noise option
• Excellent EVM: ~ 0.4% or -47 dB for 160 MHz
802.11ac signal
N5182B MXG
EVM measured with equalizer training on preamble only
• Industry-leading performance • Advanced real-time applications and waveform playback for cellular, wireless connectivity,
and digital audio/video format signals with Signal Studio applications • Lower cost of ownership
31
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Agilent: First to Market with
802.11ac Test Solutions
89600 VSA Software
EXG/MXG Signal Generator
E4438C ESG Signal Generator
N5106A PXB Baseband Generator and Channel
Emulator
PXA/MXA/EXA Signal Analyzers
N7109A Multi-Channel Signal
Analysis System
Infiniium & Infiniivision
Oscilloscopes
N7617B Signal Studio
81180A Wideband AWG
M8190A Wideband AWG
Signal
Creation SW
Signal Analysis
Hardware
32
Signal Generation
Hardware
Signal
Analysis SW
Configurations available for: • 20, 40, 80, 80+80, or 160 MHz channel bandwidth
• Single channel, 2x2, 3x3 or 4x4 MIMO.
Wideband MIMO PXI VSA
X-series Embedded Application
SystemVue W1917 WLAN Library W1716 DPD Builder
SystemVue W1917 WLAN Library
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33 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
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Summary:
Addressing Measurements Challenges
of 802.11ac Using PXI Scalable Architecture
1. MIMO and multichannel technologies pushing limits on standalone box architectures
2. PXI is an industry standard high-performance, scalable measurement platform
3. Combined with 89600 VSA software, PXI multichannel solutions can address latest challenges of 802.11ac
Agilent applies common measurement science across platforms
from standalone boxes to handhelds and modular delivering
consistent, reliable measurements across the design flow
from R&D to Manufacturing
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
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Learn More
Literature on Agilent.com
• M9392A data sheet, brochure & config guide
• M9362A-D01 configuration guide
• Wideband MIMO PXI Vector Signal Analyzer page:
www.agilent.com/find/pxi-vsa-MIMO
Application Note - Overview:
• Accelerate Development of Next Generation
802.11ac Wireless LAN transmitters
Video
• 802.11ac video: See YouTube Playlist: Agilent PXI
Wideband Signal Analysis http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8E5DB371C1F8763C
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© 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
35 © 2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Agilent Resources
• 802.11ac application and product info: www.agilent.com/find/802.11ac
• MIMO application and product info: www.agilent.com/find/mimo
• 89600 VSA product information: www.agilent.com/find/vsa
• Additional Webcasts and events: www.agilent.com/find/events
IEEE 802.11ac Standard
• Task group updates: http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/tgac_update.htm
• 802.11 working group project timelines:
http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/802.11_Timelines.htm
• 802.11ac working group documents:
https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/documents?is_group=00ac
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Learn More
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• Introduction to 802.11ac WLAN Technology and Testing Webcast
• http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/eventDetail.jspx?cc=US&lc=eng&ck
ey=2067515&nid=-11143.0.00&id=2067515
• Next Generation Very High Throughput: 802.11ac WLAN MIMO Design &
Test Challenges
• http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/eventDetail.jspx?cc=US&lc=eng&ck
ey=2113532&nid=-11143.0.00&id=2113532
• Innovations in EDA: High Performance Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) for
Wideband Systems
• http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/redirector.jspx?action=ref&lc=eng&
cc=US&nfr=-34867.0.08&ckey=2021229&cname=AGILENT_EVENT
• Accelerate 802.11ac/ad system-level design & verification for next-
generation WLAN
• http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/eventDetail.jspx?cc=US&lc=eng&ck
ey=2112408&nid=-52844.3383972.08&id=2112408
Learn More – Webcasts
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• Tackling MIMO Design and Test Challenges for 802.11ac WLAN
– Microwave Journal
• http://www.microwavejournal.com/articles/17140-tackling-mimo-
design-and-test-challenges-for-802-11ac-wlan
• Wideband Digital Pre-Distortion with Agilent SystemVue and PXI
Modular Instrument
• http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5990-8883EN.pdf
• Accelerate Development of Next Generation 802.11ac Wireless
LAN Transmitters-Overview
• http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5990-9872EN.pdf
• Agilent’s WLAN 802.11ac Test and Design Home Page
• http://www.agilent.com/find/80211ac
Learn More – Articles & AN
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Wireless Communications
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Thank You!
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http://www.agilent.com/find/80211ac