ADJECTIVESADJECTIVES

ENGLISH 9th grade

schoolyear 2012-2013

ENGLISH 9th grade

schoolyear 2012-2013

Contents:Contents:

definition multiple

adjectives attributive and

predicative adjectives

definition multiple

adjectives attributive and

predicative adjectives

comparison as nouns + prepositions in idioms

comparison as nouns + prepositions in idioms

Adjectives are...Adjectives are...

words whose main syntactic role is to modify a noun or pronoun, giving more information about the noun or pronoun's referent.

words whose main syntactic role is to modify a noun or pronoun, giving more information about the noun or pronoun's referent.

Multiple adjectives:Multiple adjectives: There are general guidelines for using 2

or more adjectives together. In most cases the adjectives are placed

before the noun. It is not common to used more then 3

adjectives together, but it is grammatically correct.

There are general guidelines for using 2 or more adjectives together.

In most cases the adjectives are placed before the noun.

It is not common to used more then 3 adjectives together, but it is grammatically correct.

There is a specific order in a sentence when using more then one adjective.

Order of adjectives placed before a noun:

There is a specific order in a sentence when using more then one adjective.

Order of adjectives placed before a noun:

determiner

opinion + size + shape + age + color + origin + material + purpose/type

noun

e.g

the nice big round old blue French glass fruitbowl

When there are 2 or more adjectives that are from the same group and is placed between the 2 adjectives.

e.g The house is green and red.The library has old and new books.

With 3 or more adjectives from the same adjective group, place a comma between each of the adjectives. Place and between that last 2 adjectives.

e.g We live in the big, green, white and red house at the end of the street.

Attributive and predicative adjectives:

Most adjectives can be used both attributively (in front of the noun) and predicatively (after the verb BE, SEEM, LOOK etc).

e.g. She has read an interesting story. The story is interesting.

Some adjectives can be used only in one

way:Some adjectives can be used only in one

way:Attributive adjectives:

east/west/south/northeastern/western...indoor/

outdoor,maximum, nationwide, occasional, supplementary, woolen

Attributive adjectives:

east/west/south/northeastern/western...indoor/

outdoor,maximum, nationwide, occasional, supplementary, woolen

Predicative adjectives:

afraid, alive, alone, apart

aware, glad, ill, likely, ready, safe, sorry, sure, unable

Predicative adjectives:

afraid, alive, alone, apart

aware, glad, ill, likely, ready, safe, sorry, sure, unable

Comparison:Comparison:

A with -er/-est

adjectives with one syllable adjectives with two syllables and the

endings -y,-er,-le and -ow

A with -er/-est

adjectives with one syllable adjectives with two syllables and the

endings -y,-er,-le and -ow

B with more - most- all adjectives with more than one

syllable (except some adjectives with two syllables)

C Irregular adjectives

B with more - most- all adjectives with more than one

syllable (except some adjectives with two syllables)

C Irregular adjectives

D - Special adjectivesSome adjectives have two possible forms

ofcomparison: common, likely, pleasant, polite, simple,

subtle, sure

D - Special adjectivesSome adjectives have two possible forms

ofcomparison: common, likely, pleasant, polite, simple,

subtle, sure

Difference in meaning with adjectives:

far farther / further farthest /furthestlate later / latter latest / last old older / elder oldest / eldest

As Nouns:As Nouns:

Adjectives can act as nouns and can be subject, object, or complement in a

sentence.

e.g The intelligent are not arrogantThe old and the young were evacuated. She has an eye for the rich.

Adjectives can act as nouns and can be subject, object, or complement in a

sentence.

e.g The intelligent are not arrogantThe old and the young were evacuated. She has an eye for the rich.

Remember!Remember!

1. The definite article the is combined with these adjectives so that they can be used as nouns.

2. These adjectives are always plural and take a plural verb.

1. The definite article the is combined with these adjectives so that they can be used as nouns.

2. These adjectives are always plural and take a plural verb.

+ Prepositions+ Prepositions

Some adjectives go with certain prepositions. There is no real pattern

– you need to learn them as you meet them.

Some adjectives go with certain prepositions. There is no real pattern

– you need to learn them as you meet them.

List of common adjectives and the prepositions that normally follow them

List of common adjectives and the prepositions that normally follow them

accustomed to afraid of aware of capable of dependent on different to doubtful about

accustomed to afraid of aware of capable of dependent on different to doubtful about

enthusiastic aboutexcited about famous for quilty of interested in opposed to pleased with

enthusiastic aboutexcited about famous for quilty of interested in opposed to pleased with

popular with proud of related to rich in satisfied with

popular with proud of related to rich in satisfied with

serious about similar to suitable tosuspicious of used to accustomed to

serious about similar to suitable tosuspicious of used to accustomed to

Some adjectives can be followed by either of two or more prepositions

Some adjectives can be followed by either of two or more prepositions

annoyed about something /

with someone responsible to someone / for something

annoyed about something /

with someone responsible to someone / for something

sorry about something /for doing

something/for someone

sorry about something /for doing

something/for someone

Idioms Used as Adjectives:Idioms Used as Adjectives:

e.gas blind as a batas fit as a fiddlehale and heartyon cloud nineout of the blue

e.gas blind as a batas fit as a fiddlehale and heartyon cloud nineout of the blue