Adolescents & YouthProgramming in Emergencies“

EiE Harmonized Training Package

Learning Objectives

At the end of this session, participants will:

I. Identify challenges and vulnerabilities specific to youth and adolescents in crisis situations and the ways in which they can make valuable contributions to their families, schools and communities

II. Review good practices and specific recommendations for effective, quality programming for adolescents and youth

III. Learn practical ways to promote meaningful participation for adolescents and youth

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I. Identifying Adolescents & Youth

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Definitions vary cross-culturally depending on specific socio-cultural, institutional, economic and political factors

Social norms

Rituals

Gender Income

Marital status

National laws

Completion of studies

Customs

Cultural norms

Age

Identifying Adolescents & Youth (cont.)

….all of which deserve adequate attention and resources in emergency response and development processes

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A group of ‘Young People’ between the ages of 10 and

24 years

Youth-between the ages of 15 and 24 years

Adolescents- between the ages

of 10 and 19 years

Key Issues and Challenges for Young People in Crisis Contexts

Young people’s transition into adulthood is when they are expected to assume new responsibilities, set goals and make decisions that will positively or negatively affect lifelong

potential.

Photo © Christopher Futcher INEE and Global Education Cluster

Key Issues and Challenges for Young People in Crisis Contexts (cont.)

In emergency contexts:

Risks and the burden of adult responsibilities Inter-generational cycle of poverty, inequity and

violence Lack of opportunity and meaningful engagement Violence, criminal activity, or involvement with

armed groups

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The Impacts of Crisis on Adolescents & Youth

Photo: USAID: Panos/Knoth INEE and Global Education Cluster

The Impacts of Crisis on Adolescents & Youth (cont.)

During crisis contexts, adolescents and youth often face:

Forced recruitment Trafficking Sexual violence Loss of educational and economic opportunities Mass displacement, separation or orphanhood Inadequate assistance, resources and protection

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The Impacts of Crisis on Adolescents & Youth (cont.)

Female adolescents and youth disproportionately face: Sharp decline in school enrolment and extra-curricular

activities Economic and sexual exploitation Gender-based violence Others….

Photo: Save the Children INEE and Global Education Cluster

Why Prioritise Young People in EiE Programming?

Right in principle under existing human rights treaties The Convention on the Rights of the Child The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of

Discrimination against Women 1951 Refugee Convention International Covenant on Economic, Social and

Cultural Rights

Resources: INEE Minimum Standards Handbook, p. 6

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Why Prioritise Young People in EiE Programming? (cont.)

Essential for development:Consolidate global gains achieved in early and middle childhood Disrupt intergenerational cycle of poverty, inequity and gender discrimination Prepare young people to contend with the global

challenges Offer stability, structure, vocational training, life skills and

hope for the future Life-sustaining and Life-saving Longer-term national and global development

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Cultivating the Potential of Young People

“Bursting with energy, curiosity and spirit that are not easily extinguished, young people have the potential to change negative societal patterns of behavior and break cycles of violence and discrimination that pass from one generation to the next.”

-UNICEF

Photo: UNICEF/Stevie Mann INEE and Global Education Cluster

Adolescents &Youth: Policy

Addressing policy issues at regional, national and international levels is paramount for addressing the needs and gaps in adolescents and youth programming.

Resources: Minimum Standards Handbook: Education Policy and Coordination The World Programme of Action for Youth (WPAY)

Photo © Students Partnership Worldwide INEE and Global Education Cluster

II. Adolescents & Youth Programming Good Practices

Formal and non-formal education approaches need to include:

HolisticCross-sectoral Inclusive

Photo © YEAH Uganda INEE and Global Education Cluster

A Holistic, Cross-sectoral, Inclusive Approach

Holistic programming:

Promotes economic self-reliance Addresses health promotion Integrates political participation,

communication and life-skills training Encourages community engagement, social

responsibility and leadership

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A Holistic, Cross-sectoral, Inclusive Approach (cont.)

Cross-sectoral programming:

Addresses issues across various sectors Cultivates cooperative relationships

with larger institutions political economic social institutions

Photo: Restless Development, 2011 INEE and Global Education Cluster

A Holistic, Cross-sectoral, Inclusive Approach (cont.)

Inclusive programming:

Group-based activities that include all adolescents and youth

Community-based activities that include parents, elders and community members

Resources: INEE Minimum Standards Handbook: Community Participation (Standard 1 &2) INEE Pocket Guide to Inclusive Education Photo: Panos/Huibers INEE and Global Education Cluster

Female Adolescents and Youth: Potential Obstacles to Full Participation

Lack of time due to domestic responsibilities

Forbidden- cultural/religious beliefs, discrimination, gender norms, poverty

Health issues- sexual or physical abuse, early pregnancy

Relevancy of programming to their needs Need for childcare

Resources: INEE Pocket Guide to Gender

Photo: Sam Sherman, USAID/OFDA INEE and Global Education Cluster

Adolescents and Youth with Disabilities

“The changes we make to education to include these learners are often very similar to the changes we need to make to ensure that everyone receives a better quality education.”

Resources: INEE Pocket Guide to Supporting Learners with Disabilities

Photo: Save the Children, Sri Lanka INEE and Global Education Cluster

III. Prioritising Adolescents & Youth Participation

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Engaging young people as partners Young people as

informed, capable, contributing

members of society Supporting young people as leaders

Effective & Relevant

Programming

Working with young people as

beneficiaries

Why Involve Adolescents & Youth?

Adolescents and Youth Participation:Is a basic rightExpands capacity for valuable life skillsImproves self-confidence and self-sufficiencyProvides sense of purpose and social awareness

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“When Young People are supported and encouraged by caring adults, they thrive in unimaginable ways, becoming resourceful and contributing members of families and communities.”

- UNICEF

Develop effective partnershipsConduct context analysis & programme assessmentProvide political, economic and social activities

Practical Ways to Engage Adolescents & Youth

Photo: Search for Common Ground INEE and Global Education Cluster

Effective Partnerships with Adolescents & Youth

A true partnership integrates the perspectives and skills of adolescents and youth with the experience and wisdom of adults.

Photo: Sharing the Mantle, 2009 INEE and Global Education Cluster

Context Analysis

For effective design and implementation of adolescent and youth programming, a context analysis must be conducted, in partnership with adolescents and youth, to help identify the different needs and risk factors of young people in the target region.

Resources: Minimum Standards Handbook: Analysis

Photo: International Youth Foundation INEE and Global Education Cluster

Context Analysis (cont.)

Adolescents & youth help identify: Potential Partnerships Priorities and cultural norms At-risk, marginalized, and vulnerable populations Missing opportunities and

vulnerabilities Employment opportunities

Photo: Initiatives of Change Association INEE and Global Education Cluster

Programme Assessment

An assessment of current programmes targeting adolescents and youth should be conducted, in partnership with adolescents and youth, to establish what is and is not working.

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Effectiveness

Accessibility

Community acceptance Relevancy

Participation

Political Participation

Work with young people to influence and strengthen ties with local and national governments

Collaborate and consult with young peopleTrain and support adolescents and youth Set clear limits on what is appropriate and safeEstablish partnerships with local government officialsOrganize workshops or community projects

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Economic Engagement

Provide young people with practical experiences to help them cultivate a livelihood and sense of purposeConduct market analysis Integrate into formal and non-formal education programsEntrepreneurial opportunities Apprenticeships/Internship opportunities

Photo: 2002 Jean Sack/Photshare INEE and Global Education Cluster

Social and Civic Engagement

Provide constructive activities for young people Collaborate and consult with young peopleOrganize community-service projects and volunteer opportunities Involve parents, teachers and community leaders Engage all young people Offer a variety of activities

Photo © Students Partnership Worldwide INEE and Global Education Cluster

Summing Up

‘Adolescents and youth’ is an important period of transition. In emergency contexts, this age group faces multiple risks but receives less assistance, resources and protection. Quality education programming is a basic human right and essential to human security and development. Approaches need to be holistic, cross-sectoral and inclusive.Policies must address the needs of young people. Gender and young people with disabilities must be considered throughout all stages of programming.Programming needs to prioritize participation and promote meaningful political, economic and social engagement.

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Please Join the INEE Adolescents & Youth Task Team

To access this module or other modules within the INEE Education in Emergencies Training Package, please visit:www.ineesite.org/training

To access tools from the INEE Minimum Standards Toolkit relating to learning activities and education for adolescents and youth, please visit:www.ineesite.org/toolkit

For more information on the Adolescents and Youth Task Team, please visit:www.ineesite.org/aytt

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