adulthood zsegment 23 on dvd (“stages of adult development”)

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Adulthood Segment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

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Page 1: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood

Segment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Page 2: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development

Approximateage Stage Description of Task

Adolescence Identity vs. role Teenagers work at refining a sense of self by(teens into confusion testing roles and then integrating them to 20s) form a single identity, or they become

confused about who they are.

Young Adult Intimacy vs. Young adults struggle to form close relation- (20’s to early isolation ships and to gain the capacity for intimate 40s) love, or they feel socially isolated.

Middle Adult Generativity vs. The middle-aged discover a sense of contri-(40s to 60s) stagnation buting to the world, usually through family

and work, or they may feel a lack of purpose.

Late Adult Integrity vs. When reflecting on his or her life, the older(late 60s and despair adult may feel a sense of satisfaction orup) failure.

Page 3: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood -- satisfaction

Multinational surveys show that age differences in life satisfaction are trivial (Inglehart, 1990).

Adults mostly feel

“generativity” and “integrity”

0

20

40

60

80

15 25 35 45 55 65+

Percentage “satisfied”with lifeas a whole

Age group

Page 4: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

AdulthoodFreud and Erikson focus on two main areas

for adults: Love and Work. What’s missing? Parenting Play Self-improvement etc…

Page 5: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood--Physical ChangesThe Aging Senses

10 30 50 70 900

0.25

0.50

0.75

1.00

Proportion of normal (20/20) vision when identifying letters on an eye chart

Age in years

Page 6: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood--Physical ChangesThe Aging Senses

10 30 50 70 9050

70

90

Percent correct whenIdentifying smells

Age in years

Page 7: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood--Physical Changes

12

10

8

6

4

2

016 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 and

over

Fatal accident rate

Age

Fatal accidentsper 10,000 drivers

Fatal accidentsper 100 million miles

Page 8: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood--Cognitive Changes

(Crook & West, 1990)

18 40 50 60 70

Age group

Percentof namesrecalled

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

After oneintroductions

After twointroductions

Older age groups have poorer performance

After three introductions

Page 9: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood--Cognitive Changes

Cross-Sectional method suggests decline

Longitudinal method suggests more stability

25 32 39 46 53 60 7467 8135

40

45

50

55

60

Age in years

Reasoningabilityscore

Cross-sectional method

Longitudinal method

Cross-sectional methodsuggests decline

Longitudinal methodsuggests more stability

Page 10: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood -- IQ

20 35 55 7025 45 6575

80

85

90

95

100

105

Intelligence(IQ) score

Age group

Nonverbal scoresdecline with age

Verbal scores arestable with age

Verbal scoresNonverbal scores

Page 11: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood—Cognitive changesIncidence of dementia by age

Risk of dementiaincreases in lateryears

60-64 70-74 80-84 90-95 65-69 75-79 85-89

Age Group

40%

30

20

10

0

Percentagewith dementia

Page 12: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Adulthood—Cognitive changes

Alzheimer’s Disease a progressive and irreversible brain

disorder – most common form or dementia

characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, social abilities, and finally, physical functioning Video (Larry Gorrell – Ab Psy tape #10)

Page 13: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Alzheimer’s cortex

Page 14: Adulthood zSegment 23 on DVD (“Stages of Adult Development”)

Alzheimer’s

Beta-amyloid Protein collects in clumps or

plaques in the cortex in between neurons – damages or kills the neurons

Neurofibrillary tangles Protein filaments IN the neurons

get twisted; interferes with neural communication and eventually kills the neurons