advance database systems

AdvanceDatabase Systems

Credit Hours: 3+0

BIT-7

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By: Aatif KamalDated : 3rd March 2008

About the Instructor…

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Aatif Kamal [email protected] ;

[email protected] Course Discussion Group

http://groups.google.com/group/dbms-niit Group email:

[email protected] Academic Block II, First Floor. 051- 9280658 Ext 137

Grading Policy

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Assignments [10%] .No late submissions will be allowed.

10/15-Minute Quizzes [10%]

All surprise quizzes. NO Makeup

quizzes. No retake of quizzes. Two One-Hour Tests (OHTs) [30%] Project [10%] Final Test [40%] It is mandatory to maintain at least 75% class

attendance to be allowed to sit in Final Test.

Goals and Objectives

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The course goals are to introduce students to the Advance Topics of Databases Systems.

DBMS are at the heart of modern commercial application development. use extends beyond this to many applications Large amounts of data Storage with efficient update and

retrieval. We will study

File organization and indexing, Relational model and query languages: relational

algebra and SQL. Query and transaction processing and Optimization Concurrency and Data Recovery

Text Book & Reference Books

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Text Book Fundamentals of Database Systems

by R. Elmasri and S. Navathe, 4th Edition 2006, Benjamin/Cummings

Database Systems Concepts By Abraham Silberschatz (Fifth Edition)

Reference Books Modern Database management ,

Eight Edition, By Jefrey A. Hoffer & Mary B. Prescott.

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A simplified diagram to illustrate the main phases of database design.

Contents

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PART ONE Chapter 04 - Enhanced ER

Overview of ER Specialization/ Generalization Constraints & Characteristics of Hierarchies Data Abstractions, UNIONS Mapping of EER

Chapter 10 - Functional Dependencies and Normalization for Relational Databases Informal Design Guidelines for Relation Schemas Functional Dependencies Normal Forms Based on Primary Keys General Definitions of Second and Third Normal Forms Boyce-Codd Normal Form

Cont…

Contents

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Chapter 11 - Relational Database Design Algorithms and Further Dependencies Properties of Relational Decompositions Algorithms for Relational Database Schema Design Multivalued Dependencies and Fourth Normal Form Join Dependencies and Fifth Normal Form Inclusion Dependencies Other Dependencies and Normal Forms

Cont…

Contents

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PART TWO Chapter 13 - Disk Storage, Basic File

Structures, and Hashing Secondary Storage Devices Buffering of Blocks Placing File Records on Disk Operations on Files Files of Unordered Records (Heap Files) Files of Ordered Records (Sorted Files) Hashing Techniques Other Primary File Organizations Parallelizing Disk Access Using RAID Technology New Storage Systems

Cont…

Contents Chapter 14 - Indexing Structures for Files

14.1 Types of Single-Level Ordered Indexes 14.2 Multilevel Indexes 14.3 Dynamic Multilevel Indexes Using B-Trees and B+-

Trees 14.4 Indexes on Multiple Keys 14.5 Other Types of Indexes

Chapter 6 - The Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus Unary Relational Operations: SELECT and PROJECT Relational Algebra Operations from Set Theory Binary Relational Operations: JOIN and DIVISION Additional Relational Operations Examples of Queries in Relational Algebra

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Cont…

Contents

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Chapter 15 - Algorithms for Query Processing and Optimization Translating SQL Queries into Relational Algebra Algorithms for External Sorting Algorithms for SELECT and JOIN Operations Algorithms for PROJECT and SET Operations Implementing Aggregate Operations and OUTER JOINS Combining Operations Using Pipelining Using Heuristics in Query Optimization Using Selectivity and Cost Estimates in Query

Optimization Overview of Query Optimization in Oracle Semantic Query Optimization

Chapter 16 - Physical Database Design and Tuning Physical Database Design in Relational Databases An Overview of Database Tuning in Relational Systems

Cont…

Contents PART THREE

Chapter 17 - Introduction to Transaction Processing Concepts and Theory Introduction to Transaction Processing Transaction and System Concepts Desirable Properties of Transactions Characterizing Schedules Based on Recoverability Characterizing Schedules Based on Serializability Transaction Support in SQL

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Cont…

Contents Chapter 18 - Concurrency Control

Techniques Two-Phase Locking Techniques for Concurrency

Control Concurrency Control Based on Timestamp Ordering Multiversion Concurrency Control Techniques Validation (Optimistic) Concurrency Control

Techniques Granularity of Data Items and Multiple Granularity

Locking Using Locks for Concurrency Control in Indexes Other Concurrency Control Issues

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Cont…

Contents Chapter 19 - Database Recovery

Techniques Recovery Concepts Recovery Techniques Based on Deferred Update Recovery Techniques Based on Immediate Update Shadow Paging The ARIES Recovery Algorithm Recovery in Multidatabase Systems Database Backup and Recovery from Catastrophic

Failures

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Cont…

Lab Work

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Although course got no Labs but still We will have Five special sessions in Lab to get

hands on experience of Database Systems advance administration

We will using IBM – DB2 for practice. This give you exposure to another world leading DBMS

For the lab IBM Pakistan has arranged Certified DB2 Administrator, who will be also sharing his industry experience

For this we will using IBM RedBoooks

Computer Usage

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IBM DB2 SERVER (Relational Database Management System)

MS Visio Professional 2002 and Rational Data Modler (A CASE Tool for Modeling)

Advance Database's Concepts17

Essence of Database Systems

Essential part of an education in computer science, Why?

Evolved from a specialized computer application to a central component of a modern computer environment.

To name a few applications: Banking, Ticket reservation, Student registration,

Credit and transaction, Telecommunication, Finance, Sales, Manufacturing, Human resources, Bioinformation, Astronomy.

Active, temporal, Multimedia & Web database .


Basic Definitions Data – Facts that can be recorded and have

implicit meaning. Database – a collection of related data,

preserved over a long period, organized for access and modification.

Data Base Management Systems (DBMS) – a collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain a database. Defining, constructing and manipulating

databases.


Characteristics – I Existence of a catalog.

Self-describing nature of a database system. Meta data in catalog describes the structure of

the primary databases. A general purpose DBMS can be used by any

application. program-data & Program-operation

independence. Insulation between Program and Data.

Data abstraction – conceptual representation.


Characteristics – II Support of multiple user views.

View: a subset of data or virtual data. Sharing of data among multiple

transactions. Sharing among multi-user. Concurrency control.


Advantages -I Controlling Redundancy.

Duplication of efforts. Wastage of storage space. Inconsistence data. Replication.

Restricting unauthorized access. Security and authorization subsystem.

Providing persistent storage for program objects and data structure.

Permitting inferrencing and actions by using rules. Deductive database systems. Active database systems.


Advantages -II Providing multiple user interfaces.

Query languages. Programming language interface. Form-style interface. Menu-driven interface.

Representing complex relationships among data.

Enforcing integrity constraints. Providing backup and recovery.


Components -I

Storage Manager. Storing data, metadata, indexes, logs. Buffer manager – keeps data in main memory.

Query Processor. Parses queries. Optimizes queries by selecting a cost-effective

plan. Executes the plan on the stored data.


Components - II Transaction Processor.

Logging database changes in order to recover from a system crash.

Concurrent execution of transactions in a way to assures Atomicity. Isolation.


Thanks

advance database systems

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