advanced aircraft technologies the boeing perspective · touch on a range of boeing programs and...

Eric Schwartz

Advanced Aircraft Technologies – The Boeing

Perspective ____________________________________________________________________ Eric Schwartz Director International Relations, The Boeing Company

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My talk today is not about any single program or technology, but I will touch on a range of Boeing programs and technologies that we expect to see in the aerospace industry in the coming decades. I will start with an introduction of our newest commercial aircraft the 787, and then we will move out to the future and discuss requirement drivers, as well as the owners, operators, and customers of the 21st century.

We can spend the entire day looking at the impressive progress in aeronautics, airplanes, and aerospace. It was over 220 years ago when the Montgolfiers first ascended in a balloon (Paris, 1783). It would then take 100 years for Otto Lilienthal (Germany) to design and operate a series of gliders (1891 - 1896). He made over 2,000 flights from his hill-top near Berlin. Ten years later, the Wright Brothers achieved powered flight in 1903. The next 50 years were marked by rapid development, driven by the two World Wars and then the evolution of commercial aviation in the 1950’s and 1960’s. In 1957, the Russian Sputnik became the first object launched into space and to orbit the earth. Then, in just 10 years, both the U.S. and U.S.S.R, driven by the Cold War, charged into the space race which resulted in placing a man on the moon in 1969. The Space Shuttle program launched in 1981, and now the International Space Station has been constantly occupied since 2000. Now, where do we go from here? Faster, higher, bigger, smaller, cheaper, autonomously? Yes, all of the above.

Boeing Overview

Boeing has a long history in aerospace and we can even trace our roots back to Germany. In 1868, Wilhelm Ludwig Böing, emigrated to the US from a small town in North Rhine-Westphalia. He settled in Michigan and became very successful in the timber business. He had a son William E. Boeing, and invested in his education, including enrollment at Yale University. William then followed his father’s business which saw him move to the Seattle area, due to its large timber reserves. While in Seattle, after several rides in a barnstormers seaplane on Lake Washington, William became intrigued with airplanes. He recognized the great potential of air travel and the potential market for aircraft, and in 1916 he

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formed the Boeing Airplane Company. This formed the basis for what is now the world’s largest aerospace company.

When the general public hears or thinks about Boeing, the basic general image is of commercial aircraft and most likely the 747. The 747 which first flew in 1969 has become one of the greatest images and icons of commercial aviation. However, as I will explain to you today, the Boeing Company is much more than 747’s or even commercial aviation. It is now a large diversified aerospace corporation that has a broad range of businesses that include commercial aircraft, corporate aircraft, helicopters, uninhabited air vehicles, military aircraft (transports, fighters), weapon systems, space launch vehicles (Delta, Shuttle), satellites, space station, network/communication systems, renewable energy systems, homeland security products, financial services, and even marine vehicles such as hovercraft and submarines, just to name a few.

Here we see the major Boeing Business Units. Our current largest business is Integrated Defense Systems (IDS), followed closely by Commercial Airplanes. We also have Connexion, Boeing Capital Corporation, and the Shared Services Group. It should be noted that commercial aircraft currently makes up less than half of our business (by revenue). This is mainly due to the initiatives over the past 10 years to diversify the company via mergers and acquisitions, including McDonnell Douglas, Rockwell International, Hughes Aircraft, Jeppesen, Preston Services, and others.

The 787 Dreamliner

First, let me say it is an honor to be here representing the thousands of people around the world working on the 787. They are the brightest men and women you could ever hope to meet. It is their hard work and expertise that is represented here today.

The 787 family is planned with three members. The first family member is the 787-8. It has a range of 8,500 nautical miles and will accommodate 223 passengers in a three-class configuration. The next family member, the 787-3, will be optimized for mid-range routes. It has shorter wing

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with winglets, shorter range (less fuel) and more seats. And finally, we will add the 787-9. It will be a stretch version of the 787-8. Higher thrust engines.

Here’s a close up look at the 787-8.

• Enhanced flight deck: With a balance between commonality with the popular 777 and new innovation, the new flight deck will offer pilots a better working environment and a familiar architecture for intuitive response.

• Advanced engines and nacelles: Boeing is working with both Rolls-Royce and General Electric to provide new power plants that offer unparalleled efficiency and quiet take-offs and landings.

• Large cargo capacity: Not only will the 787 reduce airline costs with its improved efficiencies, it will also offer meaningful opportunities for additional revenue with its large cargo capacity.

• Composite primary structure: Because we solved the challenge of producing large structure with composite material in a timely and cost-efficient manner, we can offer an airplane that is free of corrosion and will not fatigue – the two primary drivers for repair and maintenance of airplanes. This material system also enabled many of our decisions on improving the cabin environment (such as bigger windows and lower cabin altitude).

• Innovative systems technologies: Boeing has eliminated the bleed air system and introduced more electronics with the 787. We have also gone to an open architecture that will easily enable the ongoing enhancement of the 787. For passengers, one of the most exciting new systems feature will be wireless in flight entertainment.

• Breakthrough passenger cabin: Today, passengers can hardly tell what kind of airplane they are on when flying. But the 787 will be distinct and distinctly better with more space, bigger windows and an overall better cabin environment.

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• Advanced wing design: Our advanced aerodynamics computation fluid dynamics effort have helped us create a unique wing shape that helps achieve the stability and efficiency we require of our products.

• Overhead crew rest: By moving the crew rest stations into the overhead space, Boeing has given airlines more revenue space on the main deck (so they don’t have to reserve seats for flight crews) and below the deck (where some airlines place crew rest stations on other airplanes).

Efficiency for Medium and Long-Haul Markets – This is how we show where our airplanes operate in the market. You can see that the 787 operates in a currently unserved area within the market. It is the first airplane to bring medium-sized capacity to the long-haul market. This will enable airlines to offer the direct connections that people want, even between cities that don’t have enough demand to fill a jumbo jet. In addition, by optimizing a medium-haul version, the 787-3 will provide an efficient tool for shorter routes.

Fragmentation is Happening – In 1985 (not much more than 20 years ago), when you crossed the Atlantic, you typically flew on a 747 between New York and London, or Paris. All crossings were in 3 or 4-engine airplanes. Then the twin-engine 767 arrived, and “thinner” markets opened up. You could now operate an aircraft between Pittsburgh and Belgium, St. Louis and Madrid, Boston to Frankfurt, and make money. Now 70% of Atlantic flights are twin-engine aircraft. The same events are occurring in the Pacific. Up until 1989, all crossings where with 3 or 4-engine aircraft. Now efficient large twin-engine aircraft (such as the Boeing 777) provide 30% of the capacity and this is steadily growing.

• Passengers don’t just say they want non-stop flights, their buying habits show they mean it.

• Happened first on the Atlantic; now happening on the Pacific. Last year had 35 city-pairs, with 15 new ones being added in the next 12+ months.

• This is why the 787 is the right airplane – it helps continue this growing trend.

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Creating new non-stop routes – We have identified more than 450 new airport pairs that would be candidates for direct connection with a 787. The 787 is the perfect airplane to get people where they need to go: what we call “point-to-point.” Every time we ask, people tell us they don’t like to make stops. For many routes that require long-range, there is not enough passenger demand for an airline to operate direct routes successfully with a large airplane, we call these “long, thin” routes. With the 787, these city pairs can be efficiently connected because the airplane has the range of a big jet but the seating capacity of a mid-sized jet.

Compatible with today’s infrastructure. Though it is dramatically more capable than today’s mid-sized airplanes, the 787 fits within much of the same infrastructure, minimizing disruption at airports. About 197 feet (60 m) wing-span.

787 Efficiencies – Fuel efficiency is what the airplane is all about. The 787 will be 20 percent more fuel efficient than similarly sized airplanes. That’s a huge difference in terms of costs and better environmental performance. There are four key technologies that contribute to the 787’s 20 percent fuel advantage.

• Engines contribute about 8 percent of the improvement.

• Aerodynamics contributes about 3 percent.

• Materials – the composites – contribute 3 percent.

• Systems contribute 3 percent.

But there is a distinct advantage in putting these technologies on an all-new airplane that gives us another 3 percent advantage. We call it cycling – the ability to let one improvement reduce the requirements elsewhere. For example, the engines are more efficient so the wing doesn’t need to carry as much fuel so the wing can get smaller. When the wing gets smaller, the engine can get a little smaller. If we were to introduce the engine technology on an existing airplane, we would still see some improvement but we wouldn’t be able to change the wing. That’s what the fuzzy bands on this chart represent, the interaction of the technology improvements that you only get with an all-new design.

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Composite Solutions – You can see that the 787 uses a significant amount of composite materials on its primary structure. This is because the composite materials are ideal for an airplane – they don’t corrode and they don’t fatigue. Everyone wins with composites – passengers get a better flying experience, airlines get lower maintenance requirements and we get to design simpler, larger, more cost effective parts.

• Fatigue and corrosion resistant

• Higher strength-to-weight ratio reduces weight

• Enables enhanced passenger comfort

• Allows larger, more integrated structure

• More future growth potential than metals

Propulsion Systems - Both General Electric and Rolls-Royce engines are available on the 787. We have designed the airplane so that it will accept either engine at the wing. This interchangeability allows airlines to more easily transfer equipment, a feature that makes the 787 particularly attractive to financiers.

Advanced Systems Technologies

• More electric systems architecture: We have removed high pressure bleed air systems and have chosen to go to a more electric system.

• Common core open systems architecture: With a 40-60 year life expectancy for the 787, the open architecture allows for continued upgrades in technologies.

• Integrated health management: By using advanced predictive sensing systems, the airplane will help airlines schedule their maintenance activities.

• Advanced flight controls: We are using the world’s best flight control system from the 777 and simplifying it, creating much better value.

• E-Enabled systems: Our airplane will spend its entire life connected, with a simplified architecture – the airplane itself will be connected as well as the passengers inside.

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• Wireless IFE: The in-flight entertainment (IFE) system is how most passengers experience the airplane systems.

The advanced design of the 787 will allow much longer intervals between scheduled maintenance checks. Basically half as often. The Line maintenance interval can increase from 500 hours to 1,000 hours. The Base maintenance interval goes from every 18 months to 36 months. Since we are using composites, the heavy structural inspection interval moves from 6 years out to 12 years. Consider the major savings in labor costs alone. Also, aircraft is down for maintenance a lot less and thus flying more often, earning money. Over a 12 year span, the 787 could have 24 less visits for scheduled maintenance, than current technology aircraft.

Improving the Flying Experience – Making Flying More Fun Again – We spent over a decade learning what makes the flying public feel good (through focus group activity and scientific studies) and what type of interior architecture works. People want space; they like windows; and they want to arrive at their destinations feeling relaxed.

• Passengers will have more personal space and more space for carry-on luggage.

• Our windows are 50 percent bigger than the competition’s windows. This gives passengers a view to the horizon from any seat on the airplane, reinforcing their connection to the flying experience.

• And the cabin environment will feature a lower altitude – 6,000 feet instead of 8,000 feet today – higher humidity, better air filtration and better lighting.

• Choosing a cross section is the most important decision made for an airplane. For the 787, we knew we wanted LD-3 cargo containers. We wanted passengers to be more comfortable. So, like other Boeing products, the 787 features a “double-bubble” shape instead of a true circle. Our top circle allows us to have almost vertical sidewalls in the cabin with a 14-inch advantage over the competition wider at eye level, where most people want width. With a true circle, in other

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products, the widest part of the passenger cabin is at the ankles with a steep decline at the shoulders.

• The bottom circle allows us to accommodate standard LD-3 containers and more of them than any other airplane in this class.

• Large Overhead Bins – Space for your carry on luggage near your seat.

• Better Lighting – LED lighting allows for more lighting choices to create a relaxing environment.

Environmental Leader - This is a take off noise contour chart. Inside the contours show you noise of 85dbA or above. These are comparing fairly quiet airplanes. The green contour for the 787 airplane is inside the fence on every major airport that this airplane will use—a huge improvement on the noise signature of an airplane. (NOTES: These noise contours/footprints are generated using the FAA Integrated Noise Model (INM) version 6.1, an industry standard airport noise modeling tool. 787 data is preliminary. Airbus contours are generated in consistent manner to Boeing contours, and are derived from Airbus supplied noise, performance, and weight data that is internal to the INM. Differences between 787 and Airbus contours are attributed to differences between the designs of both the airplanes and engines.)

787 will be an Environmental Leader

• Less fuel used

• Lower emissions

• Quieter for communities, crews, and passengers

• Fewer hazardous materials

• Less waste in production

Customers and Orders – This has been the most successful launch of any commercial aircraft, based on pre-delivery orders. To date, we have orders from 27 customers for 379 aircraft.

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Development Schedule – This is our schedule. It is 16-18 months more aggressive than any other Boeing airplane program and we are progressing right on track.

21st Century Aerospace – Now let’s talk about the future for the next century of aerospace.

Hypersonic aircraft that fly on the edge of space. Vertical-takeoff-and-landing "air taxis." Personal air vehicles guided by a sophisticated air traffic management system. Autonomous systems that could repair the environment. Those are just some of the products presently beyond our reach that could emerge during the next 100 years. Enabling technologies, currently being studied at Boeing, will help the global commercial air transportation system become more capable, as well as more efficient and safe.

Geo-Political and Environmental Drivers – Research-and-development teams in Boeing have been considering the long-term possibilities – in light of the broad range of evolving geopolitical and environmental factors that have shaped the aerospace industry recently and over the past 100 years. We have also been looking at the horizon of rapid technology evolution and anticipating the needs of future customers.

World events, population growth, business productivity and shifting environmental perspectives will continue to shape the direction of the aviation industry and the resulting requirements for new technologies and systems.

• As world population continues to grow and urban centers become more dense, air travel will become increasingly important. Redistribution of money - increasing incomes in the developing world will provide 1 billion new consumers in the next 10 years.

• Dwindling natural resources, and the desire to reduce noise and pollution will create demands for transportation systems fueled by alternative fuels.

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• Travelers will expect increasing levels of safety and efficiency resulting in low-cost, convenient and point-to-point access to popular destinations.

• By anticipating trends in the new global economy and community, we are anticipating the requirements of key stakeholders in the industry. We are working to have a thorough understanding of the enabling technologies that will help them meet their needs and drive the advance of the commercial air transportation system in the 21st century.

Owners – Over the next 100 years, the system owners – airlines or freight movers, for example – will want new platforms to meet a variety of evolving needs.

Future Missions – Super/hypersonic airplanes that fly on the edge of space, for instance, might be needed for intercontinental business travelers. Ultra-quiet vertical takeoff and landing "air taxis" might be required to move people from local parking lots to urban multi-modal transportation centers. Personal air vehicles capable of landing in an owner's driveway, operating under the guidance of an integrated air traffic management system, could even emerge some time during the next 100 years. And autonomous systems might be developed to enable new services such as repair of the Earth's ozone layer, cleanup of hazardous materials, fire-fighting, and satellite repair. Building and maintaining these products and systems will require, among other things:

• Super-efficient platform technologies. Advances in materials, nanotechnologies, coatings, insulation materials and highly integrated structures will pave the way for lighter airplanes that are easier to build and maintain, as well as able to withstand the high-temperature environments of hypersonic flights.

• Clean platform technologies. With protection of the environment a high priority, clean platform technologies involving fuel cells, advanced electrical actuation capabilities and alternative energy sources such as hydrogen will continue to be explored.

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• Morphing structures. In the future, airplanes will utilize "morphing" structural elements that reconfigure aerodynamic surfaces "on the fly" to achieve maximum performance during each element of the flight profile.

• Mission-adaptive, multi-ship flight control. On-board, the "computer brain" of the airplane will receive data from distributed sensors and will use the information to update the "understanding" of the airplane's flight performance. Although rapidly progressing technology will create the ability to determine an airplane's in-flight location precisely with positioning technology, the need to operate safely in congested regions will push the need to develop technologies that manage the movement of each craft relative to both the ground and other airplanes.

Operators – In the forthcoming decades, advances in mission capabilities and continued demand for increased efficiencies will lead to new requirements and roles for the people involved in traffic control systems, maintenance operations and flight crews. Our scientists and researchers envision an integrated, multi-modal traffic infrastructure that would "move anyone or anything, anywhere, anytime – on time." This global utility would link ground, rail, maritime and air-and-space management systems in a true "system-of-systems" architecture. A couple of the enabling technologies that will be required include:

• Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) – Future aerospace vehicles will also be designed with technology to allow significantly improved safety and operability. This technology will include advanced vehicle health monitoring and management systems that will diagnose aircraft health and predict future problems before they occur, which would help reduce costly unscheduled maintenance.

• Super-Efficient Flight Crews – To cope with the relentless demands of increased system capacity and performance efficiency, along with the need to maintain or improve current levels of operational safety and security, flight crews will need to become super-efficient. Crews will need to rely more on automation, and the human-automation interfaces must be robust, reliant and error-tolerant. Key technologies

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to enable this capability include synthetic vision, holographic imaging, touch-sensitive interfaces, 3-D auditory displays, speech recognition, intelligent flight controls, and interaction with autonomous vehicle operations. Also software verification and certification will be key.

Customers – End customers – passengers and cargo movers, for example – will continue to increase their expectations about quality of service and convenience in using the air transportation system. Two areas of focus will be:

• Passenger information services. The future traveler will expect better passenger information services that will follow him or her through all modes of transportation. Future generations of information services will provide ubiquitous, secure, integrated travel and business data in a seamless environment through portable, wireless and even wearable high-bandwidth telecommunication and computing devices.

• Asset flow control and services. In the future, flow control of passengers, luggage, cargo containers and transportation platforms will be markedly improved over today's logistics systems, taking advantage of a global information grid enabled by a network-centric operations approach. Radio frequency identification chips, no larger than a grain of salt, will transmit signals that will be picked up by sensors that will allow better tracking of assets. Kinetic differential GPS technology will be utilized within buildings, as well as outside to provide positioning information accurate to several centimeters. This technology will provide constant update of the movement of assets as they flow through an airport terminal area, for example. More information can then be tracked regarding the flow of assets and will enable ultra-efficient, integrated supply chain management across suppliers, distributors and inventories. The technology also will help increase security, providing "smart" shipping containers and passenger baggage.

Creating the Future of Aerospace – Thank you for your time and interest in hearing about Boeing and 21st Century aerospace technology. You are the future, and you should come into this industry with open minds,

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curiosity and passion for learning and pushing the envelope. You will make the future of flight a great place to be.

Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.

13th Colloquium in AviationDarmstadt University of Technology13th Colloquium in AviationDarmstadt University of Technology

Eric SchwartzDirectorInternational RelationsBerlin, Germany

Eric SchwartzDirectorInternational RelationsBerlin, Germany

Aircraft and Technology Drivers for 21st

Century Air Transportation Systems25 January 2006

Aircraft and Technology Drivers for 21st

Century Air Transportation Systems25 January 2006


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner

• 21st Century Geopolitical/Environment Drivers

• 21st Century Owners

• 21st Century Operators

• 21st Century Customers

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Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.

• Commercial Aircraft• Aviation Services• Defense Systems• Network Systems• Satellites and Launch

Vehicles• Financial Services• Technology


Major Business UnitsMajor Business UnitsConneXion

IntegratedDefenseSystems

CommercialAirplanes

BoeingTechnology

Shared Services GroupBoeing Capital Corporation

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Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner





The Boeing 787 DreamlinerThe Boeing 787 Dreamliner


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The 787 Is a Complete, Flexible, Efficient FamilyThe 787 Is a Complete, Flexible, Efficient Family

787-8223 passengers (three-class)8,500 nmi / 15,700 km

787-9259 passengers (three-class)8,300 nmi / 15,400 km

787-3296 passengers (two-class)3,500 nmi / 6,500km


Configured for Success787-8 Design FeaturesConfigured for Success787-8 Design Features

Composite primary

structure

Advanced engines and

nacelles

Breakthrough passenger cabin Enhanced

flight deckAdvanced wing design

Innovative systems

technologies

Large cargo capacity

Overhead crew rests



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Efficiency for Medium- and Long-Haul MarketsEfficiency for Medium- and Long-Haul Markets

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Design Range, nmi

Seat

s

767-200ER

767-300ER

767-400ER

777-300

777-200ER777-200LR

777-300ER

Tri-ClassLong Range Rules

Dual-ClassShort Medium Range Rules

747-400

767-300

747-400ER

787-3

787-9

787-8


Fragmentation Is HappeningFragmentation Is Happening

Aug 2005 Scheduled FlightsProposed Flights

NewarkNewark

OsakaOsaka

Hong KongHong Kong

ChicagoChicago

HoustonHoustonAtlanAtlan

tata

VancouverVancouver

Los AngelesLos Angeles DallasDallas

San FranciscoSan FranciscoTokyoTokyo

SeoulSeoul

TaipeiTaipeiGuangzhouGuangzhou

BeijingBeijing

SeattleSeattle

San JoseSan JoseNew YorkNew York

Washington Washington D.C.D.C.


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Creating New Non-Stop RoutesCreating New Non-Stop Routes

The 787 can connect more than 450 new airport pairs

Possible New Airport Pairs

Montreal-Tel AvivAthens-BostonManchester-San FranciscoShanghai-SeattleSao Paulo-Vancouver

Beijing-AucklandManila-MadridTaipei-DubaiSingapore-GenevaNairobi-Munich

The 787 can efficiently connect more than 450 new city pairsThe 787 can efficiently connect more than 450 new city pairs


Compatible with Today’s InfrastructureCompatible with Today’s Infrastructure

787-8767-300

787-9A340-300


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Advanced Technology Contributions to 787 EfficienciesAdvanced Technology Contributions to 787 Efficiencies

Systems

Materials

Aerodynamics

Engines


Composite Solutions Applied Throughout the 787Composite Solutions Applied Throughout the 787

Carbon laminateCarbon sandwichFiberglassAluminumAluminum/steel/titanium pylons

Composites50%

Aluminum20%

Titanium15%

Steel10%

Other5%


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GEnx

Trent 1000

Engine and nacelle features:

Higher bypass ratio

No-engine-bleed systems architecture

Low-noise nacelles with chevrons

Laminar flow nacelles

Interchangeable (at the wing)

Propulsion Systems FeatureKey TechnologiesPropulsion Systems FeatureKey Technologies


Advanced Systems Technologies Provide ValueAdvanced Systems Technologies Provide Value

Common Core Open Systems Architecture

Advanced Flight Controls

More Electric Systems Architecture

Wireless IFEIntegrated Health

Management e-EnabledSystems


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Lower Cabin Altitude

14” (35cm) Wider 14” (35cm) Wider

Wider Seats and Aisles

Wider Seats and Aisles

Better Economy Seating OptionsBetter Economy Seating Options

More Head Room

More Head Room

Smoother Ride

HigherHumidity

Better Air QualityBetter Air Quality

787 is 14” (35 cm) wider

226.5 in (5.75 m)A300/A310A330/A340

LD-3 LD-3

Improving the Flying ExperienceImproving the Flying Experience

Better Air Quality


4001041404

Feet

Meters

0 5000

0 1500

Environmental LeaderQuiet for Airport Communities85 dB Noise Contours at Heathrow

Environmental LeaderQuiet for Airport Communities85 dB Noise Contours at Heathrow

Source MS Mappoint, (c) Microsoft, Inc.

A330-300 787- 8767-300

• 85 dBA contours• 3,000 nmi mission

60% less area affectedthan the A330 and A340

London Heathrow

787 noise footprint stays in the airport

propertyA340-300 A330-200

• Quieter for communities, crews, and passengers

• Less fuel used• Lower emissions• Fewer hazardous materials• Less waste in production


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Worldwide Market Interest Strong27 Customers 379 Announced Orders & Commitments


Development Schedule Aggressive, Achievable, On TrackDevelopment Schedule Aggressive, Achievable, On Track

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

FirstFlight

Certificationand DeliveryAirplane

Announcement

Firm Configuration

Program LaunchAuthority

To Offer


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Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner






Dwindling natural resources and environmental concerns

• Cleaner alternative fuels• Reduced emissions

Hydrogen Fuel Airplane

Geopolitical and Environmental DriversGeopolitical and Environmental Drivers

Urban congestion and population growth

• drive transportation integration and new modes of travel

Globalization and leisure travel growth require safety and efficiency

• Breakthroughs in speed, range, and comfort

• New passenger convenience• Safe and affordable

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Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner


• 21st Century Owners– New Missions and Configurations– Enabling Technologies




Future Missions in the Next 20+ YearsFuture Missions in the Next 20+ Years• Super/hypersonic airplanes flying on

the edge of space to meet the needs of intercontinental business travelers

• Personal air vehicles capable of landing on the owner’s driveway could emerge over the next 100 years

• Ultra-quiet VTOL air taxis will move people from local parking lots to urban multi-modal transportation centers

• Autonomous systems will enable new defense missions and commercial services such as satellite repair

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Super-Efficient Platform TechnologiesSuper-Efficient Platform Technologies

Smart coatings

Nanotech materials

Fire retardant foamw/Nano-composites

Integrally stiffened composite panels

Multifunctional structures with embedded systems

Technologies being developed today for the aircraft of tomorrow

New metallic alloys

Joining processes thateliminate fasteners


Clean Platform EnabledFuture Operational Environment

Clean/Safe Multi-modal Transportation Systems

• More Electric Technologies support no-bleed engines power; ultra-capacitors, Li-Ion Batteries

• Photonics - Control/Power By Light• Component Cooling by electron tunneling devices• Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)

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Technologies Required to Realize the Morphing Aircraft of the FutureTechnologies Required to Realize the Morphing Aircraft of the Future

Imbedded Actuationand Thermal Control

New metallic alloysand flexible skins Small, Low Cost

Actuators

Advanced Structures

Nastic Structures

Real-timeFlight

Control SystemsActive Aeroelastic Wing Research


Mission Adaptive, Multi-shipFlight ControlMission Adaptive, Multi-shipFlight Control

Piloted and autonomous air vehicles operate together in common controlled airspace

Intelligent and “learning” flight control systems will ensure safe and reliable aircraft

• Heterogeneous vehicle operations• Autonomous deconfliction• Managed formations of multiple aircraft – vortex

drag reduction, air refueling, etc.• Autonomous comm/surveillance platforms in near-

term. Autonomous cargo in 10-20 years

• Provide optimal use of all flight controls and effectors• Optimize performance and trajectory, for normal or

abnormal conditions• Key enabler for autonomous flight in national

airspace systems

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Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner




• Super-Efficient Flight Crews

• Integrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health Management



Integrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health ManagementIntegrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health Management

• Prediction• Alerting• Trending• Advising

Forecasting Techniqu es

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Note the phase is similar to that of a pair of shorted wires

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Diagnostics Using WiringBroadband Impedance Methods

Engine Unbalance NeuralNetwork Algorithms

‘P’ Flange Accelerometer Strut Accelerometer

‘B’ Flange Accelerometer

FAN LPT(low pressure turbine)Missing Sensor Reconstruction

Advantages: (1) Uses all of the encoder outputs in the search process. The result is higher accuracy. (2) True projection not needed.

Failed Sensor

Readings

Known

Sensor

Values

Com

pute Error

Betw

een Input &

Output

Update using a search algorithm such as particle

swarm optimization or Newton-Raphson.


Failed Sensor

Readings

Known

Sensor

Values

Com

pute Error

Betw

een Input &

Output



Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation Algorithms University of HawaiiUniversity of Hawaii

PrognostiCostIVHM Cost Modeling

CladdingCore

Cladding

Jacket

JacketAffinity Coating

Fundamentalguided mode Cladding mode

Long -periodgrating

LCladdingCore

Cladding

Jacket



Long -periodgrating

Long -periodgrating

L

Corrosion Monitoring with Autonomous Structural IntegrityMonitoring System (ASIMS)

On and off board predictive health management

Integrated system architecture

Ubiquitous sensing

Self-awareness

Network centric system health and maintenance

services

183


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner





– Passenger Flow

– Asset Flow


Asset Flow ServicesAsset Flow Services

“Asset aware” global information grid capability

System of systems approach integrating traffic control and asset movement requirements

Assets tracked using radio frequency identification (RFID) chips and kinematicdifferential GPS technology

Ultra-efficient supply change management

Inventory levels optimized and adjusted in real-time

Increased security through ‘smart’shipping containers

New model promotes strategic proactive architecture for homeland security


184


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner




• Super-Efficient Flight Crews

• Integrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health Management



Super-Efficient Flight CrewsSuper-Efficient Flight CrewsKey Operational Challenges

• Demand for increased capacity & efficiency• Need for improved system safety and security• Need to minimize operations & support costs• Integration of manned & unmanned vehicles

Advanced vision & visualization devices• Synthetic/enhanced vision• Holographic/immersive interfaces• Seamless real-time collaboration

Enabling Technologies

Advanced automation and decision support• Intelligent/adaptive flight controls• Dynamic human-machine task allocation• Predictive models of human performance

Multi modality interfaces• Robust head and eye tracking devices• Touch sensitive/responsive interfaces• Spatial auditory cueing/discrimination• Speech synthesis/recognition

185


Integrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health ManagementIntegrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health Management



275.0

278.0

281.0

284.0

287.0

290.0

293.0

0 5

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145

Tests

Pres

sure

(psi)

PALU

Average

OMRSD 281

LCL

UCL

Trend Line

TL UCLt

TL LCLt

UCL

LCL

Avg.


Trend Lin e LCL

Failure Th reshold


275.0

278.0

281.0

284.0

287.0

290.0

293.0

0 5

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145

Tests

Pres

sure

(psi)

PALU

Average

OMRSD 281

LCL

UCL

Trend Line

TL UCLt

TL LCLt

UCL

LCL

Avg.


Trend Lin e LCL

Failure Th reshold

Bayesian Networks

Process Control

Data/Event Capture



275.0

278.0

281.0

284.0

287.0

290.0

293.0

0 5

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145

Tests

Pres

sure

(psi)

PALU

Average

OMRSD 281

LCL

UCL

Trend Line

TL UCLt

TL LCLt

UCL

LCL

Avg.


Trend Lin e LCL

Failure Th reshold


275.0

278.0

281.0

284.0

287.0

290.0

293.0

0 5

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145

Tests

Pres

sure

(psi)

PALU

Average

OMRSD 281

LCL

UCL

Trend Line

TL UCLt

TL LCLt

UCL

LCL

Avg.


Trend Lin e LCL

Failure Th reshold

Bayesian Networks

Process Control

Data/Event Capture

Φ(ω)


500000 1́ 106 1.5́106 2́ 106 2.5́106

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

ω



Φ(ω)


500000 1́ 106 1.5́106 2́ 106 2.5́106

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

ω



Diagnostics Using WiringBroadband Impedance Methods

Engine Unbalance NeuralNetwork Algorithms

‘P’ Flange Accelerometer Strut Accelerometer

‘B’ Flange Accelerometer

FAN LPT(low pressure turbine)Missing Sensor Reconstruction


Failed Sensor

Readings

Known

Sensor

Values

Com

pute Error

Betw

een Input &

Output




Failed Sensor

Readings

Known

Sensor

Values

Com

pute Error

Betw

een Input &

Output



Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation Algorithms University of HawaiiUniversity of Hawaii

PrognostiCostIVHM Cost Modeling

CladdingCore

Cladding

Jacket



Long -periodgrating

LCladdingCore

Cladding

Jacket



Long -periodgrating

Long -periodgrating

L

Corrosion Monitoring with Autonomous Structural IntegrityMonitoring System (ASIMS)

On and off board predictive health management

Integrated system architecture

Ubiquitous sensing

Self-awareness

Network centric system health and maintenance

services


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner





– Passenger Flow

– Asset Flow

186


Passenger Flow ServicesPassenger Flow Services

Role-based access control

Mobile collaboration

Integrated travel data(land, sea, air)

Profile-based, location-enabledinformation push

Virtual private network



Asset Flow ServicesAsset Flow Services

“Asset aware” global information grid capability

System of systems approach integrating traffic control and asset movement requirements

Assets tracked using radio frequency identification (RFID) chips and kinematicdifferential GPS technology

Ultra-efficient supply change management

Inventory levels optimized and adjusted in real-time

Increased security through ‘smart’shipping containers

New model promotes strategic proactive architecture for homeland security


187


Creating the Future of AerospaceCreating the Future of Aerospace

Questions?Questions?

Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.

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