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Advanced Design System 1.5

Layout

December 2000

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The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

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Copyright © 2000, Agilent Technologies. All Rights Reserved.

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Contents1 Layout Basics

The Layout Window .................................................................................................. 1-1Opening and Closing a Layout Window.............................................................. 1-2Setting Layout Defaults....................................................................................... 1-3Layers................................................................................................................. 1-3Inserting Components and Shapes .................................................................... 1-4Editing Items in a Layout Window....................................................................... 1-5

Creating Artwork....................................................................................................... 1-6Releasing a Layout License...................................................................................... 1-6Creating a Schematic from a Layout ........................................................................ 1-7Using the Design Rule Checker................................................................................ 1-7

2 Setting Layout OptionsDialog Boxes............................................................................................................. 2-1

Layer Editor ........................................................................................................ 2-1Preferences for Layout ....................................................................................... 2-2

Editing Layers ........................................................................................................... 2-3Viewing Defined Layers ...................................................................................... 2-4Changing Layer Priority ...................................................................................... 2-4Adding a Layer ................................................................................................... 2-5Deleting a Layer ................................................................................................. 2-5Rearranging Layers ............................................................................................ 2-5Defining Port Connections (layer binding) .......................................................... 2-5Global Attributes Control .................................................................................... 2-6Changing the Entry Layer................................................................................... 2-6Using IGES and GDSII Numbers ....................................................................... 2-7Assigning Layers for Transmission Line Elements ............................................. 2-7Layer Files and Library Components.................................................................. 2-7Layer Files and Design Files .............................................................................. 2-8Layer File Format ............................................................................................... 2-9

Changing Select Options.......................................................................................... 2-11Setting How Polygons are Selected ................................................................... 2-11Setting Color for Selected Items......................................................................... 2-12Setting the Size of the Pick Region .................................................................... 2-12Setting the Size of Vertex Markers ..................................................................... 2-13

Changing Grid and Snap Settings ....................................................................... 2-13Setting Grid Visibility and Color.......................................................................... 2-14Setting Snap and Grid Spacing .......................................................................... 2-15Setting Pin/Vertex Snap Distance....................................................................... 2-15Setting Snap Modes ........................................................................................... 2-16

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Converting Traces to Transmission Lines ................................................................. 2-18Convert Trace to ................................................................................................. 2-19Element Set ........................................................................................................ 2-19Substrate References......................................................................................... 2-19

Selecting Placement Options.............................................................................. 2-20Toggling Display of the Component Parameter Dialog Box ................................ 2-20Toggling Repeatable Component Placement ..................................................... 2-21Setting the Size of Ports and Grounds ............................................................... 2-21

Changing Options for Pins/Tees ............................................................................... 2-21Setting the Size of Connection Markers ............................................................. 2-22Setting the Color of Pin & Tee Connections ....................................................... 2-22Setting Visibility of Connected Pins, Pin Numbers & Names ............................. 2-23

Changing Entry/Edit Attributes ................................................................................. 2-23Changing Component Text Attributes ....................................................................... 2-26

Setting Component Text Font & Height .............................................................. 2-26Setting the Layers for Component Text............................................................... 2-27

Changing Typed-in Text Attributes ............................................................................ 2-27Changing Display Colors .......................................................................................... 2-28

Setting the Color of the Drawing Area ................................................................ 2-28Setting the Color of Unconnected Pins .............................................................. 2-29

Setting DRC Memory Use and Performance............................................................ 2-29Memory Management ........................................................................................ 2-30Epsilon................................................................................................................ 2-30Fringe ................................................................................................................. 2-30Bin Width ............................................................................................................ 2-31

Changing the Display of Hierarchy ........................................................................... 2-31Setting Units/Scale Factors ...................................................................................... 2-31Changing Layout Units & Resolution ........................................................................ 2-32

Setting Layout Resolution................................................................................... 2-33Toggling the Coordinate Readout Display ................................................................ 2-34Saving a Layout Setup.............................................................................................. 2-35

Saving Layout Preferences................................................................................. 2-35Saving Layer Information.................................................................................... 2-35

Using an Existing Layout Setup................................................................................ 2-36Reading in an Existing Preferences File............................................................. 2-36Reading in an Existing Layer File ....................................................................... 2-36Reading a File from a Different Project Directory ............................................... 2-36

Pick and Place Report .............................................................................................. 2-36Configuring the Pick and Place Report .............................................................. 2-37DE_PARTS_SET_PICK_AND_PLACE_OPTIONS ............................................ 2-38Configuring the Parts List Report ....................................................................... 2-38Reformatting the Reports ................................................................................... 2-39

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Features ............................................................................................................. 2-39

3 Creating a LayoutCreating a Layout Directly ........................................................................................ 3-1

Layout Environment............................................................................................ 3-1Using Construction Lines to Help Placement ..................................................... 3-2Inserting a Component ....................................................................................... 3-2Drawing Shapes ................................................................................................. 3-4Inserting Text ...................................................................................................... 3-6

Layout Block Text Fonts............................................................................................ 3-7Example ............................................................................................................. 3-10

Creating a Layout from Schematics.......................................................................... 3-11Layout Environment............................................................................................ 3-12Generate/Update Defaults and Options ............................................................. 3-12Creating a Layout from a Complete Schematic .................................................. 3-14Creating a Layout as You Create a Schematic ................................................... 3-16Managing Unplaced Components ...................................................................... 3-18Avoiding Common Problems .............................................................................. 3-19

Hierarchical Layouts ................................................................................................. 3-21Advantages of a Hierarchical Design ................................................................. 3-22Schematic Considerations.................................................................................. 3-22Parametric Subnetworks .................................................................................... 3-23Creating a Hierarchical Layout ........................................................................... 3-23Viewing Hierarchical Design Information............................................................ 3-25Flattening Hierarchy ........................................................................................... 3-26Creating a Hierarchical Design for Repeated Use.............................................. 3-27Pushing Into or Popping Out of Hierarchy .......................................................... 3-27Libraries and Search Paths ................................................................................ 3-28

4 Editing a LayoutUsing Selection Filters.............................................................................................. 4-1Editing Shapes ......................................................................................................... 4-2Manipulating Polygons and Polylines ....................................................................... 4-2Manipulating Vertices ............................................................................................... 4-4

Stretching the Edge of a Shape ......................................................................... 4-7Scaling Shapes .................................................................................................. 4-7

Moving an Object to the Coordinates 0,0 ................................................................. 4-9Forcing an Object onto the Grid ............................................................................... 4-9Viewing Equivalent Components in Schematic and Layout...................................... 4-10Editing Layout Hierarchy (Flatten) ............................................................................ 4-10Creating Hierarchy.................................................................................................... 4-11Connecting Layout Components .............................................................................. 4-11

Viewing Connectivity Information ....................................................................... 4-11

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Using Transmission Lines......................................................................................... 4-12Splitting a Transmission Line .............................................................................. 4-12Replacing a Transmission Line Element............................................................. 4-12Stretching a Transmission Line........................................................................... 4-13

Using Traces............................................................................................................. 4-13Changing a Trace to a Transmission Line........................................................... 4-14Explicitly Converting a Trace .............................................................................. 4-14Creating a Subnetwork (Automatic Trace Conversion/Simulation) ..................... 4-15

Using Paths .............................................................................................................. 4-17Using Wires .............................................................................................................. 4-19

Stretching a Wire................................................................................................ 4-20Converting a Wire to a Trace .............................................................................. 4-20

Editing Component Annotation................................................................................. 4-21Using Boolean Logical Operations ........................................................................... 4-22

Edit > Boolean Logical > DIFF ........................................................................... 4-22Edit > Boolean Logical > AND............................................................................ 4-24Edit > Boolean Logical > OR .............................................................................. 4-24Edit > Boolean Logical > XOR............................................................................ 4-25

Creating Clearance................................................................................................... 4-25

5 Importing and Exporting LayoutsImporting a Layout.................................................................................................... 5-1

Opening and Viewing a Translated Layout ......................................................... 5-2Saving a Translated Layout ................................................................................ 5-2Listing the Hierarchy of a Translated Layout....................................................... 5-2

Exporting a Layout.................................................................................................... 5-3Preparing a Layout for Translation...................................................................... 5-3Flattening Instances to Eliminate Hierarchy and Connectivity............................ 5-3Adding a Process Offset..................................................................................... 5-4Creating a Reverse Image of a Layer................................................................. 5-5Translating a Layout............................................................................................ 5-6

6 Standard AEL MacrosCONN....................................................................................................................... 6-1CPAD2 ...................................................................................................................... 6-1CPAD3 ...................................................................................................................... 6-1CPAD4 ...................................................................................................................... 6-2PAD1......................................................................................................................... 6-3PAD3......................................................................................................................... 6-3PAD4......................................................................................................................... 6-4PADN........................................................................................................................ 6-5RPAD2 ...................................................................................................................... 6-6RPAD3 ...................................................................................................................... 6-7

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RPAD4 ...................................................................................................................... 6-8SPAC ........................................................................................................................ 6-9SPAD2 ...................................................................................................................... 6-9SPAD3 ...................................................................................................................... 6-9SPAD4 ...................................................................................................................... 6-10TAR1......................................................................................................................... 6-11

7 Fixed Artwork145MILXP........................................................................................................... 7-1145ML4PK.......................................................................................................... 7-11D2J1A............................................................................................................... 7-22D3H1A.............................................................................................................. 7-22D3J1C .............................................................................................................. 7-22D7C1A.............................................................................................................. 7-3AFLANGE........................................................................................................... 7-4AK....................................................................................................................... 7-4ALMK.................................................................................................................. 7-5ALMK2................................................................................................................ 7-5AP....................................................................................................................... 7-5AQ ...................................................................................................................... 7-6ATF36 ................................................................................................................. 7-6ATF70 ................................................................................................................. 7-7ATF76 ................................................................................................................. 7-7ATF84 ................................................................................................................. 7-8ATF86 ................................................................................................................. 7-8ATCCAP ............................................................................................................. 7-9AVNK35.............................................................................................................. 7-9AVNK70.............................................................................................................. 7-10AVNK85.............................................................................................................. 7-10AVNK86.............................................................................................................. 7-11AXIAL_L ............................................................................................................. 7-11AXIAL_M ............................................................................................................ 7-12AXRES ............................................................................................................... 7-12AXRES2 ............................................................................................................. 7-13AXRES3 ............................................................................................................. 7-13BFLANGE........................................................................................................... 7-13C-LL.................................................................................................................... 7-14C-LR ................................................................................................................... 7-14C-UL ................................................................................................................... 7-15C-UR .................................................................................................................. 7-15C145D01 ............................................................................................................ 7-16C18202............................................................................................................... 7-16

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C2003................................................................................................................. 7-17C211D07 ............................................................................................................ 7-17C211D07V2........................................................................................................ 7-18C221CD02.......................................................................................................... 7-18C244D04 ............................................................................................................ 7-19C249D05 ............................................................................................................ 7-19C2904................................................................................................................. 7-20C30301............................................................................................................... 7-20C305D01 ............................................................................................................ 7-21C317D02 ............................................................................................................ 7-21C319BD01.......................................................................................................... 7-22C319D06 ............................................................................................................ 7-22C369D03 ............................................................................................................ 7-23C5102................................................................................................................. 7-23C744AD01.......................................................................................................... 7-24C751D03 ............................................................................................................ 7-24C7904................................................................................................................. 7-25CD ...................................................................................................................... 7-25CERECX ............................................................................................................ 7-26CERECXF .......................................................................................................... 7-26CHPCAP ............................................................................................................ 7-27CHPRES ............................................................................................................ 7-27COIL1 ................................................................................................................. 7-28DISK_L ............................................................................................................... 7-28DISK_M .............................................................................................................. 7-28DISK_S............................................................................................................... 7-29GD11 .................................................................................................................. 7-29GD16 .................................................................................................................. 7-30GD4 .................................................................................................................... 7-30GD7 .................................................................................................................... 7-31GD9 .................................................................................................................... 7-31GF1 .................................................................................................................... 7-32GF11 .................................................................................................................. 7-32GF21 .................................................................................................................. 7-33GF4 .................................................................................................................... 7-33GF7 .................................................................................................................... 7-34HP70GT ............................................................................................................. 7-34HP85PLAS ......................................................................................................... 7-35HPAC100 ............................................................................................................ 7-35HPAC100X.......................................................................................................... 7-36HPAC200 ............................................................................................................ 7-36HPAC200V2........................................................................................................ 7-37

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LG....................................................................................................................... 7-38LLD..................................................................................................................... 7-38M205 .................................................................................................................. 7-39M253 .................................................................................................................. 7-39MACROT ............................................................................................................ 7-40MACROX ............................................................................................................ 7-40ME ...................................................................................................................... 7-40MICROX ............................................................................................................. 7-41MOP ................................................................................................................... 7-41MW4 ................................................................................................................... 7-42MWT70............................................................................................................... 7-42MWT71............................................................................................................... 7-43MWT73............................................................................................................... 7-44NEC01................................................................................................................ 7-44NEC03................................................................................................................ 7-45NEC07................................................................................................................ 7-45NEC08................................................................................................................ 7-46NEC12................................................................................................................ 7-46NEC13................................................................................................................ 7-47NEC14................................................................................................................ 7-47NEC15................................................................................................................ 7-48NEC18................................................................................................................ 7-48NEC19................................................................................................................ 7-49NEC20................................................................................................................ 7-49NEC30................................................................................................................ 7-50NEC32................................................................................................................ 7-50NEC33................................................................................................................ 7-51NEC34................................................................................................................ 7-51NEC35................................................................................................................ 7-52NEC37................................................................................................................ 7-52NEC38................................................................................................................ 7-53NEC39................................................................................................................ 7-53NEC53E ............................................................................................................. 7-54NEC75................................................................................................................ 7-54NEC83................................................................................................................ 7-55NEC84................................................................................................................ 7-55NEC84A ............................................................................................................. 7-56NEC87................................................................................................................ 7-56NEC89................................................................................................................ 7-56NEC89A ............................................................................................................. 7-57OKI_1 ................................................................................................................. 7-58PFLANGE........................................................................................................... 7-58

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RADIAL_L .......................................................................................................... 7-59RADIAL_M ......................................................................................................... 7-59RADIAL_S .......................................................................................................... 7-59RESA.................................................................................................................. 7-60SFLANGE........................................................................................................... 7-60SMA_FEM .......................................................................................................... 7-61SMSMICROX...................................................................................................... 7-61SOD123.............................................................................................................. 7-62SOD323.............................................................................................................. 7-62SOD80................................................................................................................ 7-63SOT103 .............................................................................................................. 7-63SOT143 .............................................................................................................. 7-64SOT143R............................................................................................................ 7-64SOT143RV2 ....................................................................................................... 7-65SOT143V2.......................................................................................................... 7-65SOT143V3.......................................................................................................... 7-66SOT143V4.......................................................................................................... 7-66SOT143V5.......................................................................................................... 7-67SOT143V6.......................................................................................................... 7-67SOT143V7.......................................................................................................... 7-68SOT223 .............................................................................................................. 7-68SOT223V2.......................................................................................................... 7-69SOT23 ................................................................................................................ 7-69SOT23V2............................................................................................................ 7-70SOT23V3............................................................................................................ 7-70SOT23V4............................................................................................................ 7-71SOT23V5............................................................................................................ 7-71SOT23V6............................................................................................................ 7-72SOT23V7............................................................................................................ 7-72SOT23V8............................................................................................................ 7-73SOT323 .............................................................................................................. 7-73SOT37 ................................................................................................................ 7-74SOT89 ................................................................................................................ 7-74SOT89V2............................................................................................................ 7-75SRP .................................................................................................................... 7-75TO117................................................................................................................. 7-76TO206AA............................................................................................................ 7-77TO206AF ............................................................................................................ 7-77TO226AA............................................................................................................ 7-78TO39................................................................................................................... 7-78TO72................................................................................................................... 7-79TO72V2 .............................................................................................................. 7-79

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TO92................................................................................................................... 7-80TPLAST.............................................................................................................. 7-80TUNCAP............................................................................................................. 7-81UMD ................................................................................................................... 7-81UPRIGHT ........................................................................................................... 7-81URP.................................................................................................................... 7-82WIRE0 ................................................................................................................ 7-82WIRE1 ................................................................................................................ 7-83

8 SMT Package Layout Artwork LibraryUsing SMT PAL for Custom Components................................................................. 8-1Using the SMT Package Artwork

as an Artwork Replacement................................................................................... 8-2Ceramic Flat Pack (CFP) packages.......................................................................... 8-3Chip and MELF Components ................................................................................... 8-5SOT, DPAK, D2PAK Packages ................................................................................. 8-7Plastic Flat Pack (PFP) Packages ............................................................................ 8-9Quad Flat Pack (QFP) packages.............................................................................. 8-9Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC)......................................................................... 8-12Small Outline IC (SOIC) ........................................................................................... 8-13

9 Font Definitionsdin17......................................................................................................................... 9-1iso3098 ..................................................................................................................... 9-1roman ....................................................................................................................... 9-2smooth...................................................................................................................... 9-2italic .......................................................................................................................... 9-3standard.................................................................................................................... 9-3gothic ........................................................................................................................ 9-4math.......................................................................................................................... 9-4sans .......................................................................................................................... 9-5sansbold ................................................................................................................... 9-5filled .......................................................................................................................... 9-6filledbold ................................................................................................................... 9-6straight...................................................................................................................... 9-7straightfilled .............................................................................................................. 9-7

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Chapter 1: Layout BasicsYou can create a layout in one of two basic ways:

• Directly, in a Layout window

• From a schematic, in a Schematic window

Creating a Layout Directly, in a Layout Window

For many high-frequency designs, layout constraints control the design process.Slight discontinuities in transmission lines can have a significant impact on designperformance. For this type of design, it is often more practical to work directly from alayout, and use the schematic only to add parasitics or non-layout relatedinformation for simulation. For example, it is easier to visualize the spacerequirements of a meandering line with a physical layout than with a schematic, asdescribed in “Creating a Layout Directly” on page 3-1.

You can construct a layout without regard to a schematic, and then create aschematic automatically, from the layout. The layout parameters are automaticallyupdated in the schematic and included in a simulation.

Creating a Layout from a Schematic, in a Schematic Window

You can create a layout from a schematic and maintain the correspondence betweenthe two (this is also known as design synchronization). You can create a layout from acomplete schematic, or a partially complete schematic. After you have a Layout and aSchematic, you can update in either direction. For details, see“Creating a Layout from Schematics” on page 3-11.

Any other approach is a combination of these two. For example, you cansimultaneously create a Layout and a Schematic. In this case, you can work in eitherwindow, and the other is automatically updated to reflect the changes. For details, see“Creating a Layout as You Create a Schematic” on page 3-16.

The best approach to creating a layout depends on the design and the designer.Regardless of the method or methods you use to create a layout design, you canexport it in a variety of formats suitable for manufacturing.

Note For detailed information on the design environment, managing design files,and creating designs, see the User’s Guide.

1-1

Layout Basics

The Layout WindowThe illustration shows the Layout window.

Opening and Closing a Layout Window

To open a Layout window, choose one:

• In the Main window, click Layout on the toolbar.

• In the Main window, choose the menu command Window > New Layout.

• In a Schematic window, choose Window > Layout.

• In any window, use the keyboard shortcut:

• Main window: Ctrl+Shift+A .

• Schematic window: Ctrl+Shift+L .

• Layout window: Ctrl+Shift+L .

Title BarMenu Bar

Prompt Panel

Tool Bars Current Insertion Layer

Current Insertion LayerComponent Palette

Drawing Area

1-2 The Layout Window

To close a Layout window:

• Use the keyboard shortcut: Ctrl+F4 .

Setting Layout Defaults

Layout is shipped with a set of standard defaults that differ depending on programoptions. These defaults can be modified on a project- or system-wide basis. Before youbegin a layout, be sure that Layout defaults are appropriate for the design, programoptions, and final output required. For details, see “Setting Layout Options” onpage 2-1.

Insertion Layers

In a Layout window, objects are placed on a layer. The name of the current insertionlayer is displayed in the toolbar and in the status bar (see “The Layout Window” onpage 1-1). You can change the insertion layer and copy shapes from one layer toanother.

To change the insertion layer, choose one:

• On the Layout window toolbar, choose the name of the layer from the dropdownlist next to the layer name.

• Select Insert > Entry Layer and choose a layer from the list.

• Select Options > Layers and select a layer from the list of defined layers in theLayer Editor dialog box.

• Select Insert > Change Entry Layer To and click an object whose layer you wish tomake the current insertion layer.

• Use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Shift+C and click an object whose layer you wantto make the current insertion layer.

To copy a shape from one layer to another:

• From the Layout menu, choose Edit > Advanced Copy/Paste > Copy To Layer . Thecopied shape is placed at exactly the same coordinates as the original.

When you experiment with placing shapes on different layers, remember to click OKto accept a change in a dialog box.

The Layout Window 1-3

Layout Basics

Inserting Components and Shapes

To create a layout, you insert components and shapes on the Drawing Area.

To insert components:

• Choose a category of components to display on the Component Palette.

• Click the component in the palette, then click in the Layout window to place it.

To insert a connector, ground, or trace:

• Click a the item on the toolbar, then click in the Layout window to place it.

Inserting Shapes

To insert shapes, choose one:

• Click the shape on the toolbar, then click in the Layout window to place it.

• Choose Insert > Coordinate Entry . In the dialog, enter the X and Y Increments toplace the shape.

Insert Shapes

PortGround

Undo Last Command

Insert Trace

Select aComponent Palette


The two types of coordinates are: positional and differential.

Positional displays the X,Y coordinates of the cursor position in relation tothe total window. By default, the large + in the center of the drawing area is0,0.

Differential displays the distance in X,Y the cursor has traveled since the lastclick. Set the starting point to 0,0 by clicking anywhere in the drawing area.

• Choose Insert, then choose a listed shape. The program provides instructions(in the Prompt panel at the bottom of the window) as you insert the shape.

For example, when you select Insert > Rectangle, the program displays thisprompt:

Rectangle: Enter the second corner

Click in the Layout window to define one corner of the rectangle. The promptchanges to:

Rectangle: Enter the second corner

As you drag the cursor, you can see the rectangle. When the rectangle is the sizeyou want, click to insert it. See the example.

Positional Differential

Drawing instructions

The Layout Window 1-5

Layout Basics

Example

1. Select the rectangle icon on the toolbar.

2. Click in the Drawing window to define the first point on the rectangle. Note thatthe Differential X,Y coordinate display reads 0.00, 0.00.

3. Move the cursor until the coordinate display reads 200.0, 100.0.

4. Click a second time. A rectangle 200 x 100 mil is inserted in the window.

Rotating a Component

You can save time and mouse-clicks by rotating components as you insert them sothat they are properly oriented when you place them.

If you find that a component is not oriented properly as you drag it into position,before you click in the window to place it, either press Shift+R or click the Rotate icon(see the toolbar, above). The component rotates –90° each time. When the componentis oriented properly, click to insert it.

Editing Objects in a Layout Window

The two ways to edit objects in a Layout window are:

• Using a menu command (Edit > <command>)

• Using a command on the toolbar.

Experiment with these commands until you are comfortable using them.

Move, Copy, Rotate and Delete

Cancel command andreturn to select mode

Rotate item –90 degduring insertion

UndoEdit menu


Creating ArtworkIn addition to the components supplied with the program that have layout footprints,you can create custom layout components by using one of these methods:

• Using the Graphical Cell Compiler. For details, see the Graphical Cell Compilermanual.

• Writing scripts in the Application Extension Language (AEL). For details, seethe AEL manual.

Releasing a Layout LicenseWhen you finish doing layout work, release the Layout license so that the license isavailable to another user. In the Layout window, select File > Release Layout License .

Using the Design Rule CheckerThe Design Rule Checker (DRC) is used to verify that a physical design complies withpredefined rules or operations. DRC requires a separate license and is accessedthrough the Verify menu. For details, see the Design Rule Checker manual.

Creating Artwork 1-7

Layout Basics

1-8 Using the Design Rule Checker

Chapter 2: Setting Layout OptionsThis chapter provides details for setting layout options so that you can create a layoutin an environment that is compatible with your design. Layout is shipped with presetoptions that can be modified on a project- or system-wide basis. Before you begin alayout, be sure that the environment is appropriate for the design, the programoptions, and the final output required.

Note For output formats, see Chapter 5, Importing and Exporting Layouts.

Layer EditorUsing the Layer Editor you can specify layer definitions. You can select the LayerEditor while other commands are executed. If you open a different design, the displaychanges to reflect the layer assignments associated with the new design.

To display the Layer Editor, choose Options > Layers. The Layer Editor options areaccessed through three tabs: Basic, Advanced, or Visibility. The options accessedthrough the Basic and Advanced tabs are covered in Chapter 9, Specifying LayerDefinitions, in the User’s Guide.

When you choose the Visibility tab, this dialog is displayed:

Layer Editor 2-1

Setting Layout Options

Defining LayersThe program provides a set of layers. If the set provided is not optimal for yourdesign, you can define and save a layer set. (See “Saving a Layout Setup” onpage 2-35.) Using a standard set of layer definitions saves time because you do nothave to define the layers each time you create a design and it ensures that multipledesigns use exactly the same layers (see “Using an Existing Layout Setup” onpage 2-36). You can define any number of layers in a file and create any number oflayer files.

Layers often correspond to the masks used in manufacturing a layout, but notalways. Several layers in a CAD program can represent a single mask used inmanufacturing. For example, power and ground lines are often placed on the same

2-2 Defining Layers

mask for manufacturing, but on different layers for CAD layout to distinguish them.Further, simple text notes and annotation can be placed on layers that are not outputfor manufacturing at all. There is no limit to the number of layers you can define anduse in a design.

Setting Layer Characteristics Globally

You can set attributes layer-by-layer or you can use Global Attributes Control to setthe following attributes on all layers at once:

• Protection (against selection) of items on layers

• Visibility of items on layers

• How shapes are displayed

• The style of lines used

The buttons in this area of the Layer Editor dialog enable you to change at once thelayer protection and visibility status, how shapes are displayed, and the line styleused for all layers. This can be easier than making the same change layer-by-layer. Itcan also be faster to set an attribute the same for all layers, and then individuallychange that attribute on the few layers that are an exception. If you want to preventselection on all layers except one or two of them, use Select None, then select theindividual layers you want access to, and turn on the Select status for those layers.

Miscellaneous Layer Editor Features

• The Ins (insert) column enables you to change the current entry layer whileworking in the Layer Editor dialog box so that you can quickly see the effect ofyour changes.

• The Reverse button toggles the display of the layer list top-to-bottom, or viceversa.

• The Visibility tab enables you to reduce the size of the Layer Editor dialog boxwhile keeping the most commonly used features of it available for editing.

Defining Layers 2-3


The Default Layer

Every layer set contains a default layer. If you end up with a shape whose layernumber does not exist in the current layer set, the attributes of the default layer areassigned to the shape. For example, if you create a shape on a layer and then youdelete that layer definition from the Layers list, the shape appears with thecharacteristics of the default layer. You cannot delete or change the name or numberof the default layer, but you can modify all other attributes.

To view the currently-defined layers, choose one:

• Select Insert > Entry Layer

• Select Options > Layers

2-4 Defining Layers

Determining the Layer for an Item

To determine the layer for a specific item:

• Select the item and choose Options > Info .

Changing Layer Priority

Layer priority is determined by a layer’s position in the layer list. In the Layoutwindow, layers are drawn from lowest priority (at the top of the list) to highest

Defining Layers 2-5


priority (at the bottom of the list); higher priority layers are drawn on top of lowerpriority layers.

To change a layer’s priority, change the position of that layer in the list:

1. In the Layers list, choose a layer name or ID.

2. Click Cut. The name and number are deleted from the Layers list.

3. Highlight the layer name that will follow the moved layer.

4. Click Paste to add the layer above the highlighted layer.

To add a layer:

1. Click New.

2. The layer list scrolls to the bottom and a new layer is added. The layer numberis the next available, sequential number, and a default name appears thatincludes the layer number.

3. Rename the layer, if you want, and click Apply.

To delete a layer:

1. In the Layers list area, select a layer name or ID.

2. Click Cut. The name and number are deleted from the Layers list.

Note Do not delete the default layer definitions. The ability to delete is provided toenable you to redefine layer definitions you have created.

2-6 Defining Layers

Changing the Entry Layer

The name of the current entry layer is displayed in the status panel at the bottom ofthe window, in the toolbar at the top of the window, and in the Entry Layer dialog.Anything you draw is drawn on the layer you set.

To set the current entry layer, choose one:

• Choose Insert > Entry Layer . Select a layer from the entry layer list.

• Choose Options > Layers . Select the layer from the layer editor list.

• Choose Insert > Change Entry Layer To . Click the object whose layer you wish tomake current.

• Click the entry layer dropdown in the toolbar. Choose the layer from the list.

Defining Port Connections (Layer Binding)

Use layer binding (in the Advanced tab of the Layer Editor) to define the connectionsthat a given port can make. In this field, enter the layers that ports must be on toconnect to a port on the selected layer. For example, if the selected layer is cond andthe only entry in the Layer Binding list is cond2, ports on the cond layer will connectonly to ports on the cond2 layer. Enter an asterisk (*) to connect to ports on any layer.

Defining Layers 2-7


Changing the Visibility and Protected Status of Items

Visible toggles the display of items on the selected layer. To display items on a givenlayer, enable the Vis option for that layer. By default, visibility is turned on for alllayers, making all items visible.

Selected toggles the protection status of items on the selected layer. To protect a layerso that you can prevent items from being selected, disable the Sel option for thatlayer. This can be useful if you need to edit certain types of items, but not others, in acrowded design. By default, protection is turned off for all layers, making all itemsavailable for selection.

Using IGES and GDSII Numbers

These numbers do not have to be unique. The IGES number is used to set the IGESlevel number. The GDSII layer number is used for both reading and writing GDSIIstream files; it must be a number between 0-255.

Assigning Layers for Transmission Line Components

By default, transmission line components are placed on the cond layer, but you canspecify different layers for multi-layer designs.

2-8 Defining Layers

To assign the layer for transmission line components:

1. Select the appropriate substrate item. (Double-click the component to open theEdit Component Parameters dialog.)

2. Change the layer number reference. (Choose the layer from the ParameterEntry Mode drop-down.)

For microstrip elements, this is the referenced MSUB.

For Stripline elements, use SSUB (Stripline Substrate).

For Suspended Substrate elements, use SSSUB (Suspended Substrate).

3. Regenerate the layout. All the microstrip components will be placed on the newlayer.

Layer Files and Library Components

Library components rely on certain layers being defined. For example, by default, alltop-level metallization for components in microstrip and stripline libraries is placedon layer 1 (cond). In general, layers 1-12 should be defined so that the layout librariesfunction properly. If a layer is missing, the artwork for an element can not be created.

If you remove layer 1 cond, you must change the element’s corresponding substrateelement to specify a different layer number. For example, if you remove layer 1,artwork for microstrip elements will not be generated unless you change the condparameter of the MSUB_DEFAULT item referenced by these elements. Also, thepackaged parts library uses a number of layers to display part-packaged outlines,leads and other information. If you plan to use this library, be sure to include layerdefinitions compatible with the defaults.

Layer Files and Design Files

Every design has an associated layer file. When you create a design, the programautomatically looks for a layer file called layout.lay. By default, the program looks inthe current project directory first. If it does not exist there, it looks for it in thedirectory HPEESOF_DIR\lib\ <program_name>\defaults.

Note The variable that defines this search order is LAYERS_PATH. For additionaldetails, refer to the Installation and Customization manual.

Defining Layers 2-9


All text and shapes are entered on layers, and each layer has a number assigned to it.The layer number for each part of a design is stored in the design file, but theattributes comprising the actual layer definition are stored in the layer file. Forexample, if your design contains a polygon, the program notes the layer number forthe polygon in the design file and searches the current layer file for a matching layernumber. It can then display the polygon with the appropriate color, fill pattern, etc.

Ensuring Compatible Layer Definitions

Always use the same (or compatible) layer definitions for related designs. This isespecially important for designs that are related hierarchically. For example, if youuse layer 1 for first layer metallization in one design, you should do the same for allrelated designs. If designs have incompatible layer numbering, you can change thelayer number associated with a shape by moving that shape to the appropriate layerusing the Edit > Move > Move to Layer command.

If you have made any changes to the layer definitions but have not yet clicked Apply,you can click Reset (in the Layer Editor dialog box) to return the layer definitions tothe state they were in before you started making changes.

Different designs can have different layer sets associated with them by reading indifferent layer files.

Layer File Format

Each line in a layer file defines a layer. There is no limit to the number of layers thatcan be defined. The layer names and numbers must be unique. Any layer numbered0, must have the name default. It can have its other characteristics set to any validvalue. By default, when a new design is created, it becomes associated with theschematic.lay and layout.lay layer file found on the path. If none are found, theprogram uses internal defaults.

The format for a layer file is:

layer_name layer_num gds_num iges_num color fill line_type plot_mode protect_flagvisible_flag layer_binding layer_type

The fields are separated by one or more spaces or tabs. Each field is described below.

layer_name Name of the layer. It must be unique within this file. The name defaulthas special significance and must have layer number 0. For details, see the User’sGuide.

2-10 Defining Layers

The string can be any length, but should only contain letters, numbers or theunderscore.

layer_num This is the layer number. The number associates a layer’s attributes(color, name, fill, etc.) with objects stored in the design. For example, stored with arectangle is the information that it is on mask layer 4. The program searches thelayer file by number to determine how to plot the layer.

All layer numbers are integers between 0 and the largest integer (approximately 2billion). Layer number 0 is reserved for the default layer (see above). Each layernumber in the file must be unique.

gds_num This is the number to use as the GDSII stream layer number whentranslating a layout to GDSII stream format with the GDSII export option.

This is an integer in the range of 0-255.

iges_num This is used as the IGES level number when exporting a layout to IGESformat.

color An index into the eesof.col file that determines the color that an object isdrawn. It can be any integer in the range of 0, to the number of colors defined ineesof.col.

fill An index into the eesof.fil file that determines the fill pattern used when thelayer plot mode is filled or both. It can be any integer in the range of 0, to the numberof fill patterns defined in eesof.fil.

Note The hpeesof.fil file contains the names of X bitmap files that determine screenfill, and the HPGL fill pattern numbers when plotting to a HPGL hardcopy device.

line_type An integer representing the line style type. The available line styles are:

0 = solid

1 = dot

2 = double dot

3 = short dash

4 = short dot dash

5 = long dash

6 = long dot dash

Defining Layers 2-11


plot_mode An integer representing how a closed object (circle or polygon) is plotted.

0 = outline

1 = filled

2 = both filled and outline

protect_flag Integer 0 or 1 representing whether a layer is protected or not (nothingcan be selected on a protected layer).

0 = not protected

1 = protected

visible_flag The integer 0 or 1 representing whether a layer is visible or not.

0 = not visible (not plotted)

1 = visible

layer_binding Names of the layers a port must be on to connect to a port on thislayer. An asterisk (*) = connection to any layer.

layer_type An integer representing the layer type.

1 = Physical

2 = Notes

4 = DRC

5 = LVS

Preferences for LayoutTo access Preferences for Layout, select Options > Preferences.

2-12 Preferences for Layout

The illustration shows the tabs in the Preferences for Layout dialog box. Clicking atab brings that tab’s panel to the front. In the preceding figure, the Select tab isshown.

Changing Select OptionsTo change select options, select Options > Preferences > Select.

Changing Select Options 2-13


Setting How Polygons are Selected

You can choose one of two select modes for closed shapes (polygons): clicking insidethe shape or clicking near the edge of the shape.

1. Choose the menu command Options > Preferences .

2. In the Preferences for Layout Dialog Box, choose the Select tab.

3. In the Select Mode for Polygons, choose the method:

By edge enables you to select a polygon by clicking on its outer edge.

Inside enables you to select a polygon by clicking anywhere inside the shape.

Setting Color for Selected Items



Because this shape isinside another, it can behard to select with Insideenabled.

2-14 Changing Select Options

3. Click the colored box next to the word Color and select the color from thedisplayed palette. This sets the color for:

• the color of the marker that identifies a selected vertex,

• the box drawn around items identifying them as being selected.

Setting the Size of the Pick Region

The pick region defines how close the pointer must be to an item to select it.

1. Choose the command Options > Preferences


3. In the Size area, locate the Pick Box field.

4. Enter the size for the marker, and select the units.

Screen pixels specifies sizes in terms of pixels on the screen. For example, if youchoose 5 screen pixels, an item must be within 5 pixels of the pointer to beselected.

Layout Units specifies sizes in terms of the current units of the window. Forexample, if you are using inches and choose 0.1 layout units, an item must bewithin 0.1 inch of the pointer to be selected.

Setting the Size of Vertex Markers

A Vertex marker identifies a selected vertex.

5

5

Pick Box = 5

Outside pick region

Inside pick region

Pointer

Changing Select Options 2-15




3. In the Size area, locate the Selected Vertex field.

4. Enter the size for the marker, and select the units.

Screen pixels specifies sizes in terms of pixels on the screen. For example, if youchoose 5 screen pixels, the size of the marker is 5 pixels.

Layout Units specifies sizes in terms of the current units of the window. Forexample, if you are using inches and choose 0.1 layout units, the size of themarker is 0.1 inch.

Changing Grid and Snap SettingsTo change grid and snap settings, select Options > Preferences > Grid/Snap

You can establish settings for a snap grid and a display grid to assist you in creatinga layout. The display grid appears on the screen as a series of vertical and horizontallines or dots, but does not print. You use it to ensure exact alignment of pins andvertices as well as provide visual clues to spacing.

2-16 Changing Grid and Snap Settings

Setting Grid Visibility and Color


2. In the Preferences for Layout Dialog Box, choose the Grid/Snap tab.

3. In the Display area, choose Major, Minor, or both.

4. Choose the Type of display (Dots or Lines). You can have to zoom in to see thegrid display.

5. Click the colored rectangle next to the word Color, and choose the color for thegrid. Click OK to dismiss the color palette.

6. Click Apply.

Setting Snap and Grid Spacing

The ability to display a major grid as an increment of the minor grid enables you tobetter gauge distances and align objects in layout.


2. In the Preferences for Layout Dialog Box, choose the Grid/Snap tab.

3. In the Spacing area, enter Minor Grid display factors for both X and Y.

The larger the number, the wider the grid spacing.

Dot on the major grid as anincrement of the minor grid

Changing Grid and Snap Settings 2-17


4. Click Apply.

If the display factor you specify makes the grid too dense to display, it isinvisible unless you zoom in. To see the grid without zooming, choose a largerdisplay factor.

5. If the Major Grid requires changing, enter X and Y factors in those fields andclick Apply.

Setting Pin/Vertex Snap Distance

Represents how close the cursor must be to a pin of a component or a vertex of ashape before the cursor will snap to it.

A large value makes it easier to place an object on a snap point when you are unsureof the snap point’s exact location. A small value makes it easier to select a given snappoint that has several other snap points very near it.


2. In the Preferences for Layout Dialog Box, choose the Grid/Snap tab. In thePin/Vertex Snap area, enter a number for the Diameter of the snap region.

3. Specify the Units.

Screen pixels specifies sizes in terms of pixels on the screen. For example, if youchoose 15 screen pixels, the diameter of the snap region is 15 pixels.

Layout Units specifies sizes in terms of the current units of the window. Forexample, if you are using inches and choose 0.1 layout units, the diameter of thesnap region is 0.1 inch.

4. Click Apply.

Setting Snap Modes

Snap modes control where the program places objects on the page when you insert,move, or stretch them; you can change snap modes when inserting, moving, orstretching an object, or drawing a shape. When snap is enabled, items are pulled tothe snap grid. You can restrict or enhance the manner in which the cursor snaps by choosingany combination of snap modes. Table 2-1 lists the snap modes that you can set, and theirpriorities.


Angle Snapping automatically occurs when only Pin snapping is enabled and youplace a part so that the pin at the cursor connects to an existing part. The placed partrotates so that it properly aligns with the connected part.

For example, if you have a microstrip curve at 30° and place a microstrip line so thatit connects to it, the microstrip line will snap to 30° so that it properly abuts thecurve.

Enable Snap toggles snap mode on and off. You can toggle snap mode on and off fromthe Options menu itself, and by default, there are snap mode buttons on the toolbar.

Except for pin snap, the pointer defines the point on the inserted object (the selectedlocation).

When you set all snap modes OFF, you can insert objects exactly where you releasethem on the page. This is sometimes called raw snap mode. Like other snap modes,the raw snap mode also applies when you move or stretch objects.

Pin When a pin on an object you insert, move, or stretch is within the snap distanceof a pin on an existing object, the program inserts the object with its pin connected to

Table 2-1. Setting Snap Modes

Snap Mode Priority

Pin 1

Vertex

2Midpoint

Intersect

Arc/Circle Center

Edge 3

Grid 4

Changing Grid and Snap Settings 2-19


the pin of the existing object. Pin snapping takes priority over all other snappingmodes.

Vertex When the selected location on an object you insert, move, or stretch is withinthe snap distance of a vertex on an existing object, the program inserts that objectwith its selected location on the vertex of the existing object.

In vertex snap mode, a vertex is a control point or boundary corner on a primitive, oran intersection of construction lines.

Midpoint When the selected location on an object you insert, move, or stretch iswithin the snap distance of the midpoint of an existing object, the program insertsthat object with its selected location on the midpoint of the existing object.

Intersect When the selected location on an object you insert, move, or stretch iswithin the snap distance of the intersection of the edges of two existing objects, theprogram inserts that object with its selected location on the intersection of theexisting objects.

Arc/Circle Center When the selected location on an object you insert, move, orstretch is within the snap distance of the center of an existing arc or circle, theprogram inserts that object with its selected location on the midpoint of the existingarc or circle.

Edge When the selected location on an object you insert, move, or stretch is withinthe snap distance of the edge of an existing object, the program inserts that objectwith its selected location on the edge of the existing object. After a point snaps to anedge, it is captured by that edge, and will slide along the edge unless you move thepointer out of the snap distance.

Because edge snapping has a priority 3, if the cursor comes to within snap distance ofanything with a priority 1 or 2 while sliding along an edge, it will snap the selectedlocation to that.

Grid When the selected location on an object you insert, move, or stretch is withinthe snap distance of a grid point, the program inserts that object with its selectedlocation on the grid point.

All other snap modes have priority over grid snap mode.


Hints- Whenever possible, keep grid snapping on. After data is off grid, it is difficult to getit back on.

- Use 45- or 90-degree angles to ensure even alignment of data with less probability ofsmall layout gaps due to round-off errors.

- Keep grid spacing set at increments of a base grid setting. When grid snapping ison, coordinates entered with the mouse are rounded off or snapped to the grid setting.

Converting Traces to Transmission LinesTo change trace options, select Options > Preferences > Trace.

These selections enable you to define simulation and substrate information forconverting traces to transmission lines when you generate a schematic from a layout.

Convert Trace to

Displays the available choices for how transmission lines are simulated. (Tip: Toglobally simulate traces as transmission lines without explicitly converting them,select Transmission line elements.)

Converting Traces to Transmission Lines 2-21


Transmission line elements

Traces are simulated as transmission line elements, in accordance with the selectedElement Set.

Single Transmission line element

All traces are simulated as the transmission line element named in the SingleTransmission line element name field (by default, MLIN).

Nodal Connection (short)

Traces are simulated as shorts.

Element Set

The element set to be used for converting traces to transmission lines.

Substrate References

By default, all substrate references are set to the related<SUBSTRATE_NAME>_DEFAULT. You can type the name of a different ID.

Selecting Placement OptionsTo change placement options, select Options > Preferences > Placement.

2-22 Selecting Placement Options

Single Representation When you place an item in one representation, nothing isautomatically placed in the other representation.

Dual Representation When you place an item in one representation and move thepointer into the window for the other representation, the equivalent component isalready selected. Position the pointer and click to place it. (If a window for the otherrepresentation—containing the same design—is not open, one is openedautomatically.)

Always Design Synchronize Causes the program to fully synchronize bothrepresentations after each part is placed, ensuring all parts are fully interconnected.This takes more time than the Dual Representation mode and can move or rearrangethe layout or the schematic to preserve connectivity.

Toggling Display of the Component Parameter Dialog Box

The Component Parameter Dialog box displays the parameters for a selectedcomponent. Double-click a component to view this dialog box.

1. Choose the menu command Options > Preferences

2. In the Preferences for Layout dialog box, choose the Placement tab.

3. Toggle the options for the Component Parameter dialog box.

Component Parameter Dialog toggles the display of the Component Parameterdialog box. By default, when you click a component, a dialog box appears that

Selecting Placement Options 2-23


displays the component’s parameters. If you disable this feature, the dialog boxappears only when you choose the menu command Edit > Item > EditComponent Parameters, or when you click the Edit Component Parametersbutton on the toolbar.

Show Component Parameter Dialog for components without parametersdisplays the Item Parameters dialog box even for components that do not haveparameters (GROUND, for example). By default it is off and the dialog box doesnot appear. Double-clicking the component symbol brings up the dialog box sothat you can change the item ID.

4. Click Apply.

Toggling Repeatable Component Placement

By default, a component remains selected for placement until you deactivate it. Thisenables you to place more than one copy of a component without selecting it eachtime.



3. Enable/disable the Auto-repeatable component placement option.

4. Click Apply.

Setting the Size of Ports and Grounds

Use the field in this panel to set the size (in layout units or screen pixels) of ports andgrounds.

Changing Options for Pins/TeesTo change pins/tees options, select Options > Preferences > Pin/Tee.

2-24 Changing Options for Pins/Tees

Setting the Size of Connection Markers


2. In the Preferences for Layout Dialog Box, choose the Pin/Tee tab.There are two types of connection markers:

Pin sets the size of the marker that identifies component pins.

Tee sets the size of the marker that identifies tee connections betweeninterconnected wires.

3. Enter the size and select the units.

Screen pixels specifies sizes in terms of pixels on the screen. For example, if youchoose 5 screen pixels, the size of the marker is 5 pixels.

Layout Units specifies sizes in terms of the current units of the window. Forexample, if you are using inches and choose 0.1 layout units, the size of themarker is 0.1 inch.

Setting the Color of Pin & Tee Connections


2. In the Preferences for Layout Dialog Box, choose the Pin/Tee tab.

Changing Options for Pins/Tees 2-25


3. Use the selections in the Color area to specify the color of the markers thatidentify connected pins, tee connections between interconnected wires, pinnumbers, pin names, node voltages, pin currents, and node names.

Note Unconnected pins appear in the color set for highlighted items (see “ChangingDisplay Colors” on page 2-28).

Setting Visibility of Connected Pins, Pin Numbers & Names


2. In the Preferences for Layout Dialog Box, choose the Pin/Tee tab.

3. Use the selections in the Visibility area to toggle the visibility status ofconnected pin markers, pin numbers, and pin names.

Note The Connected Pin selection in the Color area of this panel sets the color forthe markers that identify connected pins, pin numbers, and pin names.

Changing Entry/Edit AttributesTo change entry/edit options, select Options > Preferences > Entry/Edit.

2-26 Changing Entry/Edit Attributes

Polygon Entry Mode: Non-orthogonal enables you to draw polylines, polygons, andwires using all angles.

Polygon Entry Mode: Orthogonal restricts shape entry to horizontal or vertical.

Polygon self intersection checking makes it impossible for you to place additionalpoints on a polygon if overlapping lines result.

Re-route wire/trace after move When you move a connected component, wireconnections are re-routed so that there is only one orthogonal bend per connection.When this selection is disabled, original wire connections are preserved, and newwires are drawn from the endpoint of the original wires to the component’s newlocation, with an orthogonal bend as required by the move. By default, this selectionis disabled; wires/traces are not re-routed.

Route around annotation routs wires around annotation. By default, wires are routedthrough annotation.

Not self-intersecting

Self-intersecting

Changing Entry/Edit Attributes 2-27


Merge/Boolean Logical/Create Clearance Final Minimum Vertex Distance (in LayoutUnits). Vertices that fall within the distance entered here are collapsed into onevertex. This eliminates the spikes or slivers created during merge operations thathappen when vertices are too close together.

Arc/Circle Radius (degrees) determines how smoothly curves are drawn. The numberentered here defines when the program starts a new line segment. For example, anentry of 5 means that the program begins a new line every 5 degrees. In general, thefewer degrees, the smoother the shape, but the longer it takes to redraw the screen.

Note This setting affects only circles in that the number specified here is used if youconvert a circle to a polygon.

Auto-backup edit count automatically saves a file each time the number of edits tothat file reaches the number in this field.

Undo edit count sets the maximum number of commands held in the undo stack.Choosing Edit > Undo or clicking the Undo last command button on the toolbarundoes the last editing command. The stack of edit commands is unique for eachwindow.

Hint You can press Ctrl z to Undo the last command.

Rotation Increment (angle) forces objects you rotate to snap in their rotation only inn-degree increments, where n is the number you specify here.

Editing Drag and Move

When you click and drag an item, the distance of the move must be more than thedistance specified here for it to be recognized as a move.

Arc drawn with Arc drawn with5 degrees 45 degrees

Specify this45°5°

2-28 Changing Entry/Edit Attributes

Drag and Move: Drag and Move enabled protects you from moving an itemunintentionally when you click to select it and accidentally move the mouse. Bydefault, a move of less than 10 screen pixels is not recognized as a move.

Drag and Move: Threshold defines the threshold (in conjunction with Units) abovewhich the program recognizes a move. If you click and drag an object less than thisdistance, the program does not move the object.

Drag and Move: Units

• Screen pixels specifies size in terms of pixels on the screen. For example, if youchoose 10 screen pixels, a move of less than 10 screen pixels is not recognized asa move.

• Layout Units specifies size in terms of the current units of the window. Forexample, if you are using inches and choose 0.1 layout units, a move of less than0.1 inch is not recognized as a move.

Changing Component Text AttributesTo change text attribute options, select Options > Preferences > Component Text.

Component text is the text associated with components selected from a library orpalette. If the designated layer is visible, this text appears automatically when acomponent is placed in the Layout window.

Setting Component Text Font & Height

Font Use the drop-down list to choose a font. The default is HersheyRomanNarrow.

Changing Component Text Attributes 2-29


Height represents the text height with respect to the current units in a window(displayed in the status panel at the bottom of the window).

Setting the Layers for Component Text

When a component is placed in layout, its name and reference designator (ID) areautomatically placed with it on the silk screen layers. By default, the name is placedon the layer silk_screen2; the ID is placed on the layer silk_screen.

Name Use the drop-down list to define the layer for component names.

ID Use the drop-down list to define the layer for component IDs.

Changing Typed-in Text AttributesTo change text options, select Options > Preferences > Text.

Text Definition: Font Use the drop-down list to choose a font. The default isHersheyRomanNarrow.

2-30 Changing Typed-in Text Attributes

Text Definition: Height represents the text height with respect to the current units ina window (displayed in the status panel at the bottom of the window).

Justification: Horizontal Choose one.

Justification: Vertical Choose one.

Placement Angle

Non-rotating

Changing Display ColorsTo change display color options, select Options > Preferences > Display.

Setting the Color of the Drawing Area


2. In the Preferences for Layout Dialog Box, choose the Display tab.

3. In the Color area, clicking a colored rectangle displays a palette from which tochoose a color.

Changing Display Colors 2-31


Foreground defines the color of the lines making up polygons, polylines, and arcs.

Background defines the color of the Layout window background.

4. Click Apply.

Setting the Color of Unconnected Pins


2. In the Preferences for Layout Dialog Box, choose the Display tab.

3. In the Color area, click the colored box next to the word Highlight and select thecolor from the displayed palette.

4. Click OK to dismiss the palette.

5. Click Apply. This sets the color for:

• the marker that identifies an unconnected component pin, and

• the box that the program uses to highlight an item. This type of highlightingis used when you use choose one of the Layout (Schematic) > Showcommands.

Setting DRC Memory Use and PerformanceTo change DRC options, select Options > Preferences > Verify.

2-32 Setting DRC Memory Use and Performance

Use these selections to set parameters that tune DRC’s memory usage andperformance.

Memory Management

Real Memory

This is the real memory that DRC is allowed to use (in Mbyte).

Storage per Area

This is the amount of memory needed per unit area (in layout units). To enable alarge design to be checked on a small machine, a design can be broken down into alist of smaller check regions. Using these two memory factors, DRC decides whetherthe design fits in a single check region, or whether it requires a large number ofsmaller check regions.

Maximum_check_area=real_memory_in_bytes/storage_per_area

The storage_per_area can be calibrated. At the end of a DRC run, the actualstorage_per_area used is reported, and can be used as a better estimate forsubsequent runs on the same design.

Epsilon

The offset to the clearance rule in DRC operation to compensate for arithmeticrounding errors. Note this is in database units, not layout units. For example, for a 5micron minimum spacing rule, this ensures that the edges, which are exactly 5microns apart, will not be pulled in as an error.

Fringe

If a design is broken down into smaller check regions due to memory constraints,each region is enlarged by this amount to catch any errors that occur close to theboarder of the region. This is normally the size of the biggest clearance rule, and isspecified in layout units.

Setting DRC Memory Use and Performance 2-33


Bin Width

is used to tune the performance of DRC operation. Each check region is divided intobins by the sorting grid of this width. The performance of the check depends on thenumber of vertices and edges loaded in each bin. Too many empty bins, or too manyvertices and edges in each bin will degrade the performance. This is specified inlayout units.

Changing the Display of HierarchyTo change hierarchy display options, select Options > Preferences > Display.


2. In the Preferences for Layout dialog box, choose the Display tab.

3. Below the Color area, the current setting for the level of detail displayed inhierarchical designs is set in the field labeled Hierarchical Plotting Depth.

Any item nested below the plotting depth specified in this box is drawn as abounding box, which can significantly increase the redraw speed of complexhierarchical designs Plotting depth affects both screen and hardcopy output.

4. Enter the plotting depth.

5. Click Apply.

Setting Units/Scale FactorsTo change units and scale options, select Options > Preferences > Units/Scale.

2-34 Changing the Display of Hierarchy

Scale factors are used in simulation and in generating artwork for parameterizedartwork components.

Scale factors used in the layout should match those you want in the final output.

There are usually no problems associated with translating units that are in the samemeasurement system (mils to inches, or centimeters to millimeters), but round-offerrors can occur when translating between metric and English units.

Changing Layout Units & ResolutionTo change layout units and resolution options, select Options > Preferences > LayoutUnits.

Changing Layout Units & Resolution 2-35


Layout units are used for any drawn item (such as a polygon, circle, or square).

Notes Set the correct layout units at the beginning of a design. Changing units aftera design is complete can result in the loss of information (due to round-off errors).Because of this, if you must change the units of an existing design, you should make acopy of the file before you change the units. Then you can compare the designs afterthe change to determine if any information was lost.

When you change layout units, only the current design is rescaled to the new units

Setting Layout Resolution

Set the correct resolution (the smallest number allowed in layout), at the beginning ofa design.


2. In the dialog box that appears, select the Layout Units tab.

3. Enter the resolution.

4. Click Apply. The resolution changes for the current design.

The smaller the number the more precise the data base, but, because Layout uses a32-bit integer data base, setting a very small resolution limits the largest usernumber that can be represented. This is usually not a problem for most designs untilthe resolution is greater than 0.0001.

The greater the resolution, the more difficult it is to ensure exact alignment ofvertices in layout. Conversely, the greater the resolution, the smaller the gaps fromround-off errors produced by non-orthogonal angles.

If the smallest feature you want to have in a layout is 0.01 microns, the default database resolution of 100 data base units per user unit (or 0.01 layout units to data baseunits) can be used as the layout resolution (internally 1 mil or 1 micron is stored asthe integer 100, 0.5 is stored as 50 and 0.05 is stored as 5). With the default setting,no feature can be smaller than 0.01 microns (if you enter 0.005, it is rounded to 0.01).For example, if the design’s resolution setting is 2000 and you specify a length of 1.50,the data base stores this number as 1.50 • 2000, or 3000. Remember, if resolution isset too low, the smallest allowable unit can be too small; if set too high, the largest

2-36 Changing Layout Units & Resolution

number representable can be too small. Generally, a resolution setting of 1000 isrecommended for most designs.

It is important to consider using a consistent resolution when creating relateddesigns, or when using the packaged parts library. Information can be lost whengoing from a higher resolution to a lower resolution, and, a design with a resolutionsetting of 1000 placed inside a design with resolution setting of 100 will appear 10times too large. The packaged parts library was created using the default resolutionsetting (100).

Angles are stored in the data base as integers, but they have a hard-coded resolutionof 1000 data base units per degree. All angles are stored in degrees between −180 and180 degrees. Angles specified with more than three decimal places are rounded off(24.7895 is stored as 24.790).

Toggling the Coordinate Readout DisplayTo change coordinate readout display options, select View > Coordinate Readout.

The X,Y coordinate display, which appears in the status bar at the bottom of theLayout window, displays two types of coordinates: positional and differential.

By default, the coordinate readout is on.

Positional displays the X,Y coordinates of the cursor position in relation to thetotal window. By default, the large + in the center of the drawing area is 0,0.

Differential displays the distance in X,Y the cursor has traveled since the lastclick. Set the starting point to 0,0 by clicking anywhere in the drawing area.

To toggle the display:

1. Choose the menu command View.

2. Click Coordinate Readout .

Positional Differential

Toggling the Coordinate Readout Display 2-37


Saving a Layout SetupAfter you have the layout environment set optimally for your design, you can savethese settings to be used for other designs. A complete layout setup comprises twofiles:

• A preferences file that contains all settings under the Options menu except forlayer information and options that can be set differently within a design (suchas text height).

• A layer file that contains all of the layer information.

Note When you save a design file, the preference and layer files that are current atthat time are read the next time you open that design file.

Saving Layout Preferences

You can save the settings in the Preferences for Layout dialog box to either thedefault preferences file (layout.prf), or a new preferences file.

1. In the Preferences for Layout dialog box, click Save.

2. In the Save Preferences File dialog box, add the file name to the end of the pathdisplayed in the Selection field.

If you use the default preferences filename (layout.prf), those preferences are readin each time you create a design in the current project directory.

Saving Layer Information

You can save the settings in the Layer Editor dialog box to either the default layer file(layout.lay), or a new layer file.

1. In the Layer Editor dialog box (Options > Layers), click Save.

2. In the Save Layer File dialog box, add the layer file name to the end of the pathdisplayed in the Selection field.

If you use the default layer filename (layout.lay), the default layer set is read ineach time you create a design in that project directory.

2-38 Saving a Layout Setup

Using an Existing Layout SetupYou can re-use existing layout information for a design, rather than setting up thelayout environment each time you begin a design. A complete layout setup comprisestwo files:

• A preferences file that contains all settings under the Options menu except forlayer information and options that can be set differently within a design (suchas text height).

• A layer file that contains all of the layer information.

Note When you save a design file, the preference and layer files that are current atthat time are read the next time you open that design file.

Reading in an Existing Preferences File

1. In the Preferences for Layout dialog box, click Read.

2. In the Read Preferences File dialog box, double click the *.pref file you want toread.

Reading in an Existing Layer File

1. In the Layer Editor dialog box (Options > Layers), click Read.

2. In the Read Layer File dialog box, double click the *.lay file you want to read.

Reading a File from a Different Project Directory

1. In the Directories field, double click *_prj/...

2. Choose the project directory you want to read.

3. Double click the layer file.

Pick and Place ReportTo generate a Pick and Place Report:

Using an Existing Layout Setup 2-39


1. Select File > Reports > Pick And Place... to open the dialog.

Edit the report name and display the current report configuration options.

Configuring the Pick and Place Report

The Pick and Place Report is configured using the file de_parts.ael. This file is readduring startup.

Note Prior to ADS 1.3, the de_parts.ael file contained an AEL script that generateda Parts List Report. The report was generated when Parts List was executed. Thede_parts.ael file is now used only to configure the Pick and Place and Parts Listreports.

If you have customized the Parts List report, you can retain this functionality byconcatenating your custom de_parts.ael file to the system de_parts.ael file. You willbe redefining the de_parts function.

You can customize the column data and the formatting of the report. You can addextra data columns in the report. The columns can be instance parameters, instanceproperties, or instance attributes.

The procedure de_parts_set_pick_and_place_options is called every time a Pick andPlace Report is generated.

To modify the format of the Pick and Place Parts list, make a local copy of the systemde_parts.ael file:

cp $HPEESOF_DIR/de/ael/de_parts.ael $HOME/hpeesof/de/ael

To make your changes current without having to reboot ADS, reload the de_parts.aelfile by typing the following line in the Command Line dialog box:

load ("de_parts.ael");

2-40 Pick and Place Report

DE_PARTS_SET_PICK_AND_PLACE_OPTIONS

Routine: Configure the pick and place report

Method: This procedure is called every time a Pick and Place Report is generated.

defun de_parts_set_pick_and_place_options (){ de_parts_option_initialize ();/* Reset to system defaults */ /* Null out the exclusion and inclusion lists */

de_parts_option_set_hierarchical (TRUE); /* Hierarchical report */

de_parts_option_set_center_placement (TRUE); /* X,Y location at center */

de_parts_option_check_bom (FALSE); /* Do not check BOM flag */

/* Do not include simulation models */de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsLumpedWithArtworkElements);de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsMicrostripElements);de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsPCBoardElements);de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsStriplineElements);de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsSuspSubElements);de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsCoplanarElements);de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsMultilayerElements);de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsBlockTextFontsElements);

/* Add an additional column to display the PART_NUM instance attribute */de_parts_option_set_attribute_columns (list ("PART_NUM"));

de_parts_option_set_delimeter (NULL);/* Align columns */

de_parts_option_include_header (TRUE);/* Include header */

de_parts_option_sort_by_component (TRUE);/* Sort by component name */}

Configuring the Parts List Report

The procedure de_parts_set_parts_list_options is called every time a Parts ListReport is generated.

//-------------------------------------------------------------------------// DE_PARTS_SET_PARTS_LIST_OPTIONS// Routine: Configure the parts list report

Pick and Place Report 2-41


// Methods: This procedure is called every time a Parts List Report//is generated.//-------------------------------------------------------------------------defun de_parts_set_parts_list_options (){ de_parts_option_initialize (); /* Reset to system defaults */ /* Null out the exclusion and inclusion lists */

de_parts_option_set_hierarchical (TRUE); /* Hierarchical report */

de_parts_option_set_center_placement (TRUE); /* X,Y location at center */

de_parts_option_check_bom (FALSE); /* Do not check BOM flag */

/* Do not include simulation models */ de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsLumpedWithArtworkElements); de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsMicrostripElements); de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsPCBoardElements); de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsStriplineElements); de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsSuspSubElements); de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsCoplanarElements); de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsMultilayerElements); de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsBlockTextFontsElements);

de_parts_option_set_delimeter (NULL);/* Align columns */

de_parts_option_include_header (TRUE);/* Include header */

de_parts_option_sort_by_component (TRUE);/* Sort by component name */}

Reformatting the Reports

You can omit and reorder the columns in a Parts List or Pick and Place Report usingAEL. Contact technical support if you wish to get a copy of the report formatting AELscript.

Features

Check BOM Flag

Command: de_parts_option_check_bom (TRUE|FALSE);


TRUE Only include instances with attribute INST_SPECIAL set asITEM_BOM_ITEM

FALSE Do not test for ITEM_BOM_ITEM (default)

Exclusion List

Command: de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (list ("MLIN"));

Items in the list will not appear in the parts list.

This list is useful if parts have not been consistently flagged as BOM items. For thiscase, you wish to include everything except items in the exclusion list.

In order to include everything, do not check the BOM flag.

For example:

de_parts_option_check_bom (FALSE);de_parts_option_add_exclusion_items (DePartsLumpedWithArtworkElements);

Inclusion List

Command: de_parts_option_add_inclusion_items (list ("res_smt"));

Items in the list will appear in the parts list.

This list is useful if parts have not been consistently flagged as BOM items. For thiscase, specify to include only items flagged as BOM items, and add additional items inthe inclusion list.

Inclusion items are treated as leaf-level parts and do not get flattened. For example,if an inclusion item is a hierarchical part, its subelements will not be included in theparts list.

For example:

de_parts_option_check_bom (TRUE);de_parts_option_add_inclusion_items (list ("res_smt"));

Hierarchical Reporting

Command: de_parts_option_set_hierarchical (TRUE|FALSE);

TRUE Produce a parts list containing instances from all levels of the hierarchy.(default)



FALSE Produces a parts list containing instances from only the top level ofhierarchy.

** Enhancements:

- Placement coordinates are in world space

- Arbitrary angles are supported

- Reference IDs are unique

- IDs contain the hierarchical path to the instance

Component Placement X,Y Coordinates

Command: de_parts_option_set_center_placement (TRUE|FALSE);

TRUE Coordinates represent the center point of the instance bounding box. Thebounding box does not include the annotation text. (default)

FALSE Coordinates represent the location of pin one.

** Enhancement:

- x,y placement coordinates can be either the center of the instance bounding boxor the location of pin one

Component Placement X,Y Offset coordinates

Command: de_parts_option_set_package_offset (packageAttributeName,packageName, xOffset, yOffset);

For example:

de_parts_option_set_package_offset ("Package", "P1", 15, 0);

For each instance which has a user attribute named "Package", with attribute value"P1", the placement coordinate will be the origin offset by xOffset, yOffset.

** Enhancement:

- The x,y placement coordinate for an asymmetrical instance is not the center ofthe instance bounding box, but rather a fixed offset from the origin. The offset canbe incorported in the report.


User Attribute Columns

Command: de_parts_option_set_attribute_columns (list ("INST_SPECIAL","PART_NUM", "Price"));

Attributes in the list will appear as columns in the parts list. The attributes can beuser properties, user parameters, or instance attributes. The following instanceattributes can appear in the report:

INST_TYPE

INST_SPECIAL

INST_NAME

INST_DESIGN_NAME

INST_SYMBOL_NAME

INST_BBOX

INST_PROPERTY

Delimeter Character

Command: de_parts_option_set_delimeter (delimeter); where delimeter is used toseparate column data (i.e. " ", ",") Default is NULL.

If a NULL delimeter is specified, column widths will be determined by the longestdata field and all data will be left justified.

For example:

/* Separate columns with commas */de_parts_option_set_delimeter (",");

For example:

/* Auto-format */de_parts_option_set_delimeter (NULL);

Include Header

Command: de_parts_option_include_header (TRUE|FALSE); TRUE = Outputheader information (default)

FALSE = Output part data only

** Enhancement:



- User can specify whether to include the header information in the report. Areport containing only part data will be easer to parse.

Sort by Component Name

Command: de_parts_option_sort_by_component (TRUE|FALSE);

TRUE = Sort the parts list by the component name (default)

FALSE = Parts are listed as they appear in the database

** Enhancement:

- Default behavior is to sort the report by component name

- Parts previously appeared in the order they where found in the database. Simpleedits could cause the parts to be listed in a different order.


Chapter 3: Creating a LayoutWhether you create a layout directly as a layout, from an existing schematic, or asyou create a schematic, there are only three basic steps to the process:

1. Set up the layout environment.

Customize the environment for the design you wish to create. How to editlayout defaults is described in Chapter 2, Setting Layout Options.

2. Create the layout, as described in this chapter.

3. Edit and complete the layout, as described in Chapter 4, Editing a Layout.

Creating a Layout DirectlyWhen you create a layout directly, you place components or shapes in the Layoutwindow. You can select components from either the palette or the library list. You candraw shapes with the cursor or by designating coordinates.

To Insert a Shape or Polyline:

1. Select an icon (or Insert command).

2. Follow the instructions in the lower, left corner of the window.

To Insert a Component from the Palette or Library List:

1. Select the desired component.

2. Drag to the desired location in the Layout window.

3. Click to place the component in the desired location.

Layout Environment

The following defaults are especially important when you will be drawing shapes inthe Layout window.

• Set snap and grid spacing (see “Changing Grid and Snap Settings” onpage 2-13).

By making the grid visible, then drawing in snap mode, you can draw shapeswith exact size and spacing.

• Specify the drawing layer (see “Changing the Entry Layer” on page 2-6).

Creating a Layout Directly 3-1

Creating a Layout

All shapes are entered on layers. The color and visibility of any shape is controlledby the layer on which it is drawn. Before you begin drawing, specify the currententry layer according to the intended purpose.

Using Construction Lines to Help Placement

Construction lines can help you align parts, shapes, and text. The lines are infinitelylong, so you can place components in one area, scroll the view of the window, andknow that you are lining up objects correctly.

1. Choose Insert > Construction Line .

2. Click any two points along the line you want drawn.

Inserting a Component

From the Component Palette

You can place a category of components on the component palette for quick access.

• In the field above the palette, type in the desired category.

or

• Click the selection arrow to the right of the field; from the drop-down list, clickthe desired category.

3-2 Creating a Layout Directly

From a Library

1. Choose the menu command Component > Component Library...

2. In the Library List dialog box, select the desired library.

3. From the list of components in that library, select the desired component.

4. Click to place the component in the window.

Identifying Unconnected and Connected Pins

When you place a component in the Layout window, note that each pin is outlined,and that when you connect two pins, the outline disappears. As described in Chapter2, Setting Layout Options, you can modify the highlight color of pins (see “Setting theColor of Unconnected Pins” on page 2-29) as well as the color of connections (see“Setting the Color of Pin & Tee Connections” on page 2-22).

Placing a Component by Defining Coordinates

Use the following steps to place a component at specific coordinates:

1. Select a component.

2. Choose the menu command Insert > Coordinate Entry .

3. In the Coordinate Entry dialog box, enter a value for X and a value for Y.

4. Click Apply.

unconnected pins

connected pins


Creating a Layout

The program places the component in the Layout window, with pin 1 at thespecified coordinates.

Hint By default, the X and Y Increment fields are set to the current snap spacing,but you can use any increment that meets your design needs.

Drawing Shapes

In the Layout window, you can use the following geometric forms when creatinglayout shapes:

• Rectangles

• Paths

• Arcs

• Text

• Polygons

• Polylines

• Circles

In addition, you can use Traces to represent electrical connectivity.

Shapes can be stretched and merged, and you can move or delete their vertex points.The Insert menu contains commands that enable you to draw a variety of shapes andlines. Many of the Insert menu commands are also found as icons on the toolbar.

Note Selecting the cursor on the toolbar during execution of any Insert commandterminates the command and removes the incomplete shape.

To draw a shape:

1. Either click the shape icon on the toolbar, or choose the menu command Insert ><shape>.

2. Follow the instructions at the bottom of the window.

3. Click to place the shape.


Drawing a Circle: Enter the center point, then a point on the perimeter.

Drawing a Rectangle: Enter two corners.

Drawing a Polygon: Enter line segments, and double-click to automatically createthe closing segment.

• Including an Arc in a Polygon Any time during the creation of the polygon,choose Insert > Arc (<desired direction>).

• Erasing a Newly Drawn Segment or Arc To backtrack to the previous pointchoose Insert > Undo Vertex.

Drawing a Polyline: Enter line segments, and double-click to end the final segment.

• Including an Arc in a Polyline Any time during the creation of a polyline,choose either Insert > Arc (<desired direction>).

• Erasing a Newly Drawn Segment or Arc To backtrack to the previous point,choose Insert > Undo Vertex.

Drawing an Arc: Enter the point where the arc begins, the center of the arc, and thepoint where the arc ends. You can draw an arc clockwise or counter-clockwise.

Note Only closed shapes (polygons, circles, rectangles) can be displayed filled;shapes created with polylines (such as arcs) cannot.

Undoing a Vertex

To remove the last arc or vertex entered while creating a polygon, polyline, wire,trace, or path, choose the menu command Insert > Undo Vertex.

Start point

End point

Center


Creating a Layout

Drawing Shapes by Entering Coordinates

Just as you can place a component by specifying coordinates (see “Placing aComponent by Defining Coordinates” on page 3-3), you can draw a shape byspecifying the coordinates required for that shape.

1. Select the desired drawing command.

2. Choose the menu command Insert > Coordinate Entry .

3. In the Coordinate Entry dialog box, specify the desired X and Y coordinates forthe anchor point and press Enter (or click Apply).

4. Continue specifying all points required for the selected shape.

By default, the X and Y Increment fields are set to the current snap spacing, butyou can use any increment that meets your design needs. A simple exampleshowing the coordinates used to draw a square, starting at 0,0, is shown atright.

Inserting Text

You can add text to a design using either the Text command from the Insert menu orthe Text icon on the toolbar.

1. Choose Insert > Text . The status panel prompt displays the followingmessage: New Text: Enter location for new text

2. Click the pointer at the desired location and begin typing.

You can use the arrow keys, the backspace and delete keys to make changes;you can also drag across text to highlight it, then re-type or delete it.

To continue the text on the next line, press Enter and continue typing.

3. When you are through with this text, move the pointer away from the text andclick.

(0,0) (2,0)

(2,2)(0,2)


To type text in another location, click in that location and begin typing.

4. When you are through adding text, choose Insert > End Command or click thecursor on the toolbar.

Notes

To edit existing text, choose the menu command: Edit > Text > Edit Text.

To change the attributes of existing text, choose the menu command: Edit > Text >Attributes.

To change the attributes of subsequent text, choose the menu command: Options >Preferences > Text.

Layout Block Text FontsWhen creating physical designs for output to a production process, you can providetext that displays on the produced parts. Often this means that the text must becomposed of primitives shapes that have thickness to them, not a simple stroke font.

The Advanced Design System has a palette of polygon-based text fonts, called BlockText Fonts, to satisfy this need.

Layout Block Text Fonts 3-7

Creating a Layout

The program supports a total of 14 fonts. The first eight are the same as the fontsthat were supplied in the Microwave Development System (MDS). The supportedfonts are:

din17 - An industrial standard font.

iso3098 - Another industrial standard font.

roman - A font similar to the Times Roman font.

smooth - A font with the characters more round and smooth.

italic - An italic font.

standard - The original font supplied in MDS.

gothic - A font that’s more for fun than practical use.

math - A font of special math characters.

sans - A basic sans serif style font.

sansbold - A bolder version of sans.

filled - A font with no holes in the characters.

filledbold - A bolder verions of filled.

straight - A font with no curves.

straightfilled - A filled (no holes) version of straight.

These are not simple stroke fonts that are put through a translation process, but areactually implemented as polygon definitions for each letter in the font. The fonts areimplemented as components (built using the Graphical Cell Compiler) and, therefore,have a wide range of attributes available in the component edit dialog.

3-8 Layout Block Text Fonts

The attributes are:

Text String - The actual text string to be displayed. The text string should not beenclosed in quotes (") but may contain quotes that displays in the placedcomponent. The text can have multiple lines with the characters backslash-n (\n)representing a new line. The parameter can be a reference using the "@" prefix, soyou can specify a variable name. The contents of the variable is the text stringdisplayed (see “Example” on page 3-10).

Character Height - The height of the characters. This is actually the height of thestandard character size for the specific font. Lower-case characters are not as largeand characters with descenders (for example: g, j, p, q, and y) extend below thestandard size.

Character Spacing - A multiplier for the horizontal space used for the standardcharacter size. When set to 1.0, large characters like W or M can touch. If set to avalue smaller than 1.0, characters can overlap.

Line Spacing - A multiplier for the space verticle space used for the standardcharacter size. The default value of 1.2 leaves enough room between lines so thatcharacters with descenders do not overlap the characters of the next line.

Layout Block Text Fonts 3-9

Creating a Layout

Insertion Layer - The numeric layer ID where the polygons for the text string areplaced.

The polygon definitions for each font are not loaded unless a font component is beinginserted or edited, so that startup speed or memory usage is not impacted. When afont is used for the first time in a session, a small dialog informs you that the font isbeing loaded. When the loading is complete, the dialog closes.

After a font is loaded, you do not need to load it again for the duration of the currentsession of ADS. In addition, you do not need to load the font to view apreviouslly-inserted text component since the component is simply a set of polygons.You only need to load the font if you edit the component (causing it to be re-created)or if you insert a new text component in that font.

After you insert a text component, you can modify all component attributes usingEdit/Component/Edit Component Parameters. You can edit the text string, changeany of the physical-size attributes, or change the layer the component is insertedon—you can adjust the text easily so it can fit within any physical constraints in thedesign.

If you need to change the font on a text component, you can useEdit/Component/Swap Components. Since the component name is the font name,changing the component name to a different font causes the component to bere-created in that new font.

Note For detailed font definitions, see “Font Definitions” on page 9-1.

Example

This example shows how a block font text component can reference a schematicvariable and display its contents.

First, open a Schematic window and place a Var component. Then edit the componentand add a name/value pair to be used in Layout.

3-10 Layout Block Text Fonts

Next, open a Layout window. Confirm that the Layout window is for the same designas the Schematic window. Select a font to insert. In the text field use the "@" syntax tospecify the variable name defined in the Schematic in the Var component.

Insert the component and notice that the contents of the variable, not the variablename, is displayed.

Creating a Layout from SchematicsYou can ensure that a schematic and layout are equivalent by using designgeneration and update (creating a schematic from a layout, or a layout from a

VAR

VAR1

Creating a Layout from Schematics 3-11

Creating a Layout

schematic). When you do either, the program examines each element in the sourcerepresentation (the active window when you choose the command) and modifies orcreates an equivalent element in the target representation.

The generation process can be either fully automatic, or incremental.

• Automatic Generation If all data is contained in the source representation,you can generate a full target representation with one menu command.

• Dual Representation Enables you to simultaneously place interconnectedelements in the source and target designs.

• Incremental Generation If there are a number of elements in the source thatdo not correspond directly to target components, or if the source has elementsthat do not connect the same way as elements in the target, you can create atarget representation incrementally, by interactively placing elements one at atime, or a group at a time, then connecting them.

Layout Environment

Before beginning, be sure that layout defaults are appropriate for your design.

• Set snap and grid spacing (see “Changing Grid and Snap Settings” onpage 2-13).

• Ensure that the drawing layers are appropriate for the components you will beusing (see “Setting Layout Options” on page 2-1).

Generate/Update Defaults and Options

Before beginning, be sure that generate/update defaults are appropriate for yourdesign.

Positioning Components

There are two types of components, as they relate to generating/updating:

• Fixed Components are not re-positioned when a design is generated.

• Free Components are repositioned to abut at least one pin with aninterconnected element.

By default, components placed or edited in the Schematic window are fixed. Whenyou make changes to their counterparts in the Layout window and update the

3-12 Creating a Layout from Schematics

schematic, the fixed components retain their positions, and are rewired to maintainconnectivity.

Fixing a Component’s Position

There can be critical sections or complete sections of a layout that you do not wantrepositioned by the program. In this case, you can set these components as fixed.

1. In the Schematic window, select the components

2. Choose the menu command Layout > Fix Component Position .

Showing Fixed Components

In the Schematic window, choose the command Layout > Show Fixed Components.

Free Components are repositioned to abut at least one pin with an interconnectedelement.

Normally all components placed in Layout during generation, and components placeddirectly in a layout from a palette or library, or by using theLayout > Place Components from Schem to Layout command, are placed as freecomponents. Typically, you free components in a schematic only when you are doing alayout-driven design.

Freeing a Component’s Position

In the Schematic window, select the component and choose the menu commandLayout > Free Component Position.

Updating a Layout with Respect to Deleted Schematic Components

By default, the program places a component in the Layout window for eachcomponent placed in the Schematic window. When you make changes to yourschematic and synchronize the layout with it (Layout > Update/Generate Layout),you must choose whether or not to delete items from the layout if their equivalent hasbeen deleted from the schematic. The option that defines this behavior is in theGenerate/Update dialog box.


Creating a Layout

Automatically Displaying a Status Report

By default, the program displays the Status Report dialog box when yougenerate/update a layout. If you do not need this information, you can deselect thisoption in the Generate/Update Layout dialog box.

Creating a Layout from a Complete Schematic

If a schematic contains all data, it is very simple to create a layout. For example:

1. In the Schematic window, build the simple schematic shown here.

2. Choose the menu command Layout > Generate/Update Layout (the schematic isthe source representation). The Generate/Update Layout dialog box appears.


By default, the layout will begin with P1, at 0,0, with an angle of 0 degrees.When there is no existing layout, the Equivalence (the layout component thatcorresponds to the starting component in the schematic) is shown as notcreated.

At this point, all of the elements in the schematic are highlighted, indicatingthat they all need to be generated.

3. Click OK.

The Status of Layout Generation dialog box appears. It displays the number ofdesigns processed, the number of components regenerated (created) in thelayout, the number of components that are oriented differently in the layoutthan in the schematic, and the number of schematic components that were notplaced in the layout.

Start generation

Starting component for generation

Place P1 in layout at 0,0with angle of 0.0 degrees

Fix or free the position of P1 (sets whether itcan be re-positioned in subsequent


Creating a Layout

The program automatically opens a Layout window and places the generatedlayout in it. The orientation of the layout is different from that of the schematic,because the layout is drawn from left to right across the page, beginning at theStarting Component.

Creating a Layout as You Create a Schematic

Creating a layout as you create a schematic is the same as creating a layout from afinished schematic (see “Creating a Layout from Schematics” on page 3-11), except


that you place components simultaneously in both the source and targetrepresentations.

Options > Preferences... > Placement

Note In this mode, components placed in the layout also appear in the schematic.



3. Enable either Dual Representation or Always Design Synchronize.

Dual Representation enables you to place equivalent components in the otherrepresentation quickly, because the component is already selected in the secondwindow.

Always Design Synchronize causes the program to fully synchronize bothrepresentations after each part is placed.


Creating a Layout

Managing Unplaced Components

Unplaced components are those that are not placed during the generation process.The program stops when the it encounters a component without artwork (such as aseries capacitor) during the generation process. All remaining components areunplaced. A line appears in the Status of Layout Generation dialog box to alert youthat unplaced components exist (that is, the layout is not fully generated). There aretwo ways to place unplaced components:

• Choose the first unplaced component as the Starting Component, andregenerate the layout.

• Interactively place the components that have not yet been placed (this is thepreferred method for RF designs).

Note You can also leave space in a layout for components that you know do not haveartwork. See “Leaving Gaps for Artwork” on page 3-20.

Showing Unplaced Components

In the Schematic window, choose Layout > Show Unplaced Components. The programhighlights any components that were not place in the layout.

Interactively Placing Unplaced Components

1. In the Schematic window, choose the menu commandLayout > Place Components from Schem to Layout .

The program highlights any components that were not place in the layout.

2. Click on a highlighted component.

3. Move the pointer to the Layout window. A ghost image of the component tracksthe pointer.

4. Position the component and click

5. Repeat steps 2 through 4 until all unplaced components are placed.


Avoiding Common Problems

This section documents the solutions for some of the more common problems that canoccur as you create layouts.

Junctions and Steps

When creating a layout from a schematic, common areas where mistakes are madeinvolve junctions and steps.

Junctions In the schematic, you must use a TEE element where multipletransmission lines form a tee junction. The following figure shows the incorrect andcorrect way to connect three transmission lines.

If three transmission lines are joined without using a tee element (as in the incorrectdiagram), the program sees two transmission lines (M2 and M3) connected to M1 atthe same pin. Because of this, in the generated layout M3 is placed on top of M2.

Note The use of tee elements is also important for proper simulation ofinterconnected transmission lines.

Steps You must use a step or taper element to introduce changes in transmissionline width. A common error in microstrip and stripline layout is to connect twodifferent width transmission lines without a transition element, as shown in thefollowing figure.

M3

M2M2M1 M1

M4

M3

Correct, using tee junctionIncorrect


Creating a Layout

To account for the discontinuity, you must insert either a taper or step elementbetween the two MLIN elements.

• Step elements do not introduce additional length, but do ensure that thediscontinuity is accounted for in simulation.

• Taper elements do have length. Use a taper to describe any gradual change intransmission line widths.

There are a number of other discontinuities that can be included in simulation,such as gaps and end effects. For a list of elements relevant to a design, refer to thecomponent catalog.

Leaving Gaps for Artwork

For components that do not have default artwork, it is sometimes easier to leave agap in a layout where the artwork can be placed later than to create the associationbetween a schematic and artwork element. This can be done by generating artworkfor the elements with artwork, incrementally, or by using an element with GAPartwork. The following illustration is an example using incremental layout to createa gap.

MLINTL1W=50L=100

MLINTL2W=25L=100

Incorrect—need step or taper

The element artwork for MSTEP has nolength. It appears simply as a lineseparating the two MLIN elements.

MLIN

MSTEPMLIN


In the example above, M1 was chosen as the starting component and 0,0 was given asits location. Then M2 was picked as the starting component with a location of 50, 0,leaving a 20-mil gap for the resistor artwork, (50 = length of M1 (30) + 20).

This technique works in simple cases, but there are disadvantages. One disadvantageis what happens when you edit a design and then re-generate it. The program doesnot remember the location of the elements, so in this example, if you lengthen M1,the gap would shrink. Though you could freeze the positions of M1 and M2 (see“Positioning Components” on page 3-12 on see “Positioning Components” onpage 3-12), this could make inserting and positioning new elements more difficult.While this approach is adequate for simple layouts, it should be avoided for morecomplex layouts; all artwork should have an associated schematic element. The fulldesign can then be updated at any time.

A better solution for this example would be to place a CAP_SPAC instead of a CAP. Inthis way, the design generation can be done in one step.

Hierarchical LayoutsHierarchy is the relationship between different parts of a layout. A layout withhierarchy contains one or more artwork elements that exist in separate design files.You can create a hierarchical design by placing an existing design within the currentdesign. This creates an instance or reference to the design.

In the program, the term component is often used interchangeably with instance. Inthis case, instance refers something that is referenced by another layout. Creating aninstance is different than copying the contents of one layout into another layout.Creating an instance does not copy any data; instead, a reference to the desired layoutis created.

M1 R1 M2 M3

20-mil gap for R1

M1M2

M3

W = 10L = 30

Hierarchical Layouts 3-21

Creating a Layout

There is no limit to the level of hierarchy that can be created. Designs can referencedesigns that, in turn, reference other designs. Parameters can be passed to all levelsof hierarchy. The only limitation is that a design cannot reference itself at any level ofthe hierarchy (for example., design A referencing design B that, in turn, referencesdesign A).

Advantages of a Hierarchical Design

The primary advantage to creating a hierarchical design is that it saves you time.You can use one layout in many places. Making a change in the referenced layout isautomatically reflected in all layouts that use that instance. In Layout you can buildup libraries of reusable designs that can be referenced by any project.

Schematic Considerations

If you want to simulate a design containing a layout, there must be a schematic. Ingeneral, the hierarchies of the schematic and layout should match. That is, if there isa subnetwork in the schematic, there should be a corresponding subnetwork in thelayout.

Although the system can create the hierarchy of one representation automaticallyfrom the other, it is flexible in how it generates and updates schematic and layout.You can, when creating a subnetwork, specify any design or AEL macro as its layoutequivalent (File > Design Parameters). Choose one of the following artwork types:

• Select Synchronized if the artwork for the network can be found in the designfile itself. This is most useful when the artwork of a network is dependent onschematic components. When you choose Synchronized as the artwork type, theprogram will regenerate the artwork accordingly.

• Select Fixed if the artwork for the network is in a separate file. Select or typethe Name of the artwork file to be associated with this subnetwork.

• Select AEL Macro if the layout is represented as an AEL function and select ortype the Name of the AEL macro to be associated with this subnetwork

• Select None if no artwork is going to be generated or no artwork is going to beused in synchronizing the schematic with layout objects

It does not matter whether you select the File > Design Parameters command fromthe Schematic or Layout window, they both write descriptions to the same file whenyou save the design.

3-22 Hierarchical Layouts

Parametric Subnetworks

Unlike most CAD systems, instances can be modified on a per-instance basis; eachinstance of a referenced design does not have to be identical. You can add parametersto a schematic component that modify one or more of its attibutes, so that when youuse that schematic in another design, you can define the parameters as required.This type of design is called a parameterized design. For example, you can create aschematic with a parameter that modifies the length of a microstrip line; when thedesign is placed in another design, you can define that parameter as any length.

When you generate the layout, the artwork elements reflect the parameters youdefined. See online help for details on creating parametric subnetworks.

Creating a Hierarchical Layout

Creating Hierarchy Using Design Generation

1. Create a first-level design in the Schematic (or Layout) window.

2. Use the Generate/Update command from the Layout (or Schematic) menu sothat you have both representations available.

The following schematic and layout examples are called lpf. The mlengthparameter was created using the File > Design/Parameters command, whichcreates a parameterized design.

length = 100 length = 200


Creating a Layout

3. Save the design.

4. Create the top-level design by choosing File > New Design .

5. Click the Library button. From the Subnetworks library, select the newlycreated design file, lpf.

6. As you move the pointer into the Schematic window, a ghost image of the designmoves with it to aid you in positioning. Click to position the design.

7. Complete your top-level design.

8. Save your design.


The following examples show lpf , placed twice. The top-level design is called lpf2.

Creating Hierarchy Manually

1. Create a design, in the Layout window, that you want to reference in yourtop-level design.

2. Add ports if the layout is to be used with a schematic design for simulation.

3. Create the top-level design by choosing File > New Design.

4. Click the Library button. From the Subnetworks library, select the newlycreated design.

5. As you move the pointer into the Schematic window, a ghost image of the designmoves with it to aid you in positioning. Click to position the design.

6. Complete your top-level design.


Viewing Hierarchical Design Information

You can view or print a list of the hierarchy levels of your design. Hierarchy levels areindicated by the indentation of the list. Top level instances are not indented, eachnested level is indented with one space.

1. Choose Options > Hierarchy and the Hierarchy dialog box appears.


Creating a Layout

2. To save the information to file, choose Print . The information is sent to thedefault printer.

3. Click OK to dismiss the Hierarchy dialog box.

Flattening Hierarchy

When you are ready to generate final artwork, you might want to use the Flattencommand to remove all levels of hierarchy. This process copies all data from thereferenced design to the current representation. Repeat the Flatten command foreach level of hierarchy you want to delete. When you finish this process, your designwill be intact, but contain no references that could affect your final design.

1. Open your top level hierarchical design.

2. Select an instance, the instance becomes highlighted.

3. Choose Edit > Component > Flatten .

This copies all data from the component to the current representation. Now youhave two sets of component data.

4. Repeat this procedure for each instance you want to flatten.

5. Check that all hierarchy levels have been removed by choosingOptions > Hierarchy . There should be no indented levels.


Breaking the Connection Between Layout and Schematic

The Flatten command works on components like MLIN. You can use it to break theconnection between the layout and the schematic so that you can change a layer oredit the shape in the layout.


1. Select the microstrip(s).



Creating a Hierarchical Design for Repeated Use

The Create Hierarchy command copies selected artwork elements to another file, savesthat new file, deletes the selected components in the original file and replaces themwith a reference to the new design. In addition, you can parameterize the design inthe newly created file, and use it as a subnetwork in any design.

Assigning a Symbol to a Subnetwork

To use a custom symbol to represent the design, you can do one of following:

• Create a symbol to represent only this particular design. This methodrequires drawing the symbol in the design file containing the design.

• Create a symbol that can be used to represent any design. This methodrequires drawing a symbol in a file that contains only the symbol.

Pushing Into or Popping Out of Hierarchy

In the Layout window, you can push into an component to view the actual artworkrepresented by the component.

1. Select the component.

2. Choose View > Push Into Hierarchy . The network represented by the symbol isdisplayed.

3. When you are through viewing the network, choose Pop Out of Hierarchy andyou are brought back to the component (or design containing the component).

The Pop Out of Hierarchy command is the reverse of pushing, and only works if adesign has been pushed into. For example, this command brings you back to thecomponent (or design containing the component) after viewing the artworkassociated with it.


Creating a Layout

Libraries and Search Paths

Many designs use a hierarchical approach. A top-level design is built from reusable,lower-level, subnetworks. Layout stores all networks in separate design files. The toplevel network is maintained in a separate file that refers to the lower-level,subnetwork files.

When a hierarchical design file is read in, each reference to a subnetwork isautomatically read in as well. In most cases, all subnetworks are in the samedirectory as the top level design, but this is not required. Design files can be locatedanywhere in the file system. A library search path is used to locate referenced designfiles when any design is read into the program.

A library search path is a list of directories that the program uses when searching fora referenced design file. The directories in the list are examined in sequential orderuntil the file is found. The networks, tests, and default directories of the currentproject are usually the first directories in the search path; system example andsymbol directories usually follow. After the file is found, the search is terminated andthe file is read in.

The library search path mechanism allows the construction of any number ofreusable layout libraries that can be shared among different designs. Creating designlibraries of tested and commonly used layout components can save a great deal oftime, while ensuring reliable designs.

The environment variable SIMULATOR_AEL lists the AEL files the program shouldsearch for. When modifying this variable, add the names of your AEL files after thedefault filename. A related variable, AEL_PATH, defines the search path for theseAEL files.

The directories listed in the path in the AEL_PATH variable are searched in orderfrom left to right. The search is terminated as soon as a design is found.

If you create a library of reusable elements, you must add the directory containingthe library to the search path.

Modifying Search Paths & Environment Variables

Search paths that control the order of directories searched and the files loaded by theprogram are defined by certain environment variables. For information on thesevariables, refer to the Installation manual.


Chapter 4: Editing a LayoutAs in other areas of the program, most edit commands enable you to select one ormore components either before or after you select the edit command. The mostcommonly used editing commands, Copy, Delete, Move, Rotate, and Undo areperformed in a layout just as they are in any other part of the program. As in otherareas of the program, you can edit text, and you can change either the attributes ofexisting text, or define the attributes of all subsequent text.

An electrically complete layout circuit has all components connected. Refer to thischapter for details on editing and connecting layout circuit components.

Using Selection FiltersOptions > Preferences > Select

Selection Filters enable you to specify the types of components you want to include orexclude in sections. Any component that is turned off is not selected when you clickon it individually, attempt to enclose it in a selection window, or choose the Select Allcommand. Only the Select By Name and Deselect By Name commands ignore theselection filters.

By default, all types of components are turned on except Drawing Format.

Using Selection Filters 4-1

Editing a Layout

Editing ShapesThere are a variety of editing operations you can perform on common layout shapes.For details on these editing operations, refer to the section of interest:

• “Manipulating Polygons and Polylines” on page 4-2

• “Manipulating Vertices” on page 4-4

• “Stretching the Edge of a Shape” on page 4-7

• “Scaling Shapes” on page 4-7

Manipulating Polygons and PolylinesThere are several ways to modify polygons and polylines after drawing them:

• Edit > Merge Enables you to create a single shape from two or more existingshapes that abut or overlap, on the same layer. This operation applies to thefollowing shapes: polygons, rectangles, circles, and paths.

• Edit > Modify > Convert To Polygon Enables you to convert circles, as well aspolygons containing arcs, to simple polygons where all curves are converted toline segments that approximate their original shape.

• Edit > Modify > Break Enables you to convert a polygon into a single polyline.

• Edit > Modify > Join Enables you to join selected polylines with coincidentendpoints into a single polyline. If a closed shape results, the joined polylinesare converted to a polygon.

• Edit > Modify > Explode Enables you to convert a polygon into individual, linesegments, disconnecting it at each vertex.

To create a single shape from two or more shapes on the same layer that abut oroverlap:

1. Select the desired shapes.

2. Choose Edit > Merge .

4-2 Editing Shapes

To convert a shape to a polygon:

1. Select the shape, where the shape can be a circle or polygon containing an arc.

2. Choose Edit > Modify > Convert To Polygon . All curves are converted to linesegments that approximate their original shape. The number of line segmentsused in this conversion is determined by the setting Arc/Circle Resolution(degrees) in Options > Preferences > Entry/Edit.

To join selected polylines (with coincident endpoints) into a single polyline:

1. Select the individual polylines you want to join.

2. Select Edit > Modify > Join . All coincident endpoints are joined. You can verifywhat has been joined by clicking on the shape to select it and observing whetheror not the entire shape is selected.

Before After

45°5°

IndividualPolylines

Resulting PolygonResulting

Manipulating Polygons and Polylines 4-3

Editing a Layout

To verify what has been joined, click the shape to select it and observe whetheror not the entire shape is selected.

To convert a polygon into individual, two-point line segments:

1. Select the polygon.

2. Choose the command Edit > Modify > Explode . All vertices are disconnectedleaving individual line segments that you can edit as needed.

To convert a polygon into a single polyline:

1. Select the polygon.

2. Choose Edit > Modify > Break . The starting and ending points of the polygon arebroken, identified by a marker, and you can now manipulate the shape as apolyline.

Manipulating Vertices

Note To select, move, or delete a vertex, the Vertices select filter must be on (see“Using Selection Filters” on page 4-1).

To add a vertex to a polygon or polyline:

Vertices

Starting andending points

4-4 Manipulating Vertices

1. Choose Edit > Vertex > Add .

2. Click on a point between two existing vertices, and move the mouse. A flexibleline is drawn between the vertices and the cursor.

3. Click again to specify the new point and the shape is redrawn.

To move a vertex:

1. Select Edit > Move > Move, click on the vertex, and move the mouse. A flexibleline is drawn from the affected vertices to the cursor.

2. Click again to specify the new location, and the shape is redrawn.

To delete a vertex:

1. Draw a selection window enclosing all vertices you wish to delete.

2. On the toolbar, click the delete button. The shape is redrawn without thosevertices.

To delete an arc in a polyline

1. On the toolbar, click the delete button.

2. Click anywhere on an arc. The arc is deleted and the former endpoints of the arcare connected with a straight line.

Before During After

Before During After

Manipulating Vertices 4-5

Editing a Layout

Converting a Vertex to an Arc

You can convert any vertex to an arc and specify the desired radius of the arc, withrespect to the units of the window.

1. Choose Edit > Point > To Arc . You are prompted enter location of the vertex, and adialog box appears.

2. Set the radius as desired and click Apply.

3. Click on any vertex you wish to convert to an arc. The vertex is redrawnaccordingly.

You can continue converting vertices in this manner using a different radiuseach time if desired, but you must click Apply each time you change the radius.When you are through making these changes, click OK to dismiss the dialogbox.

Converting a Vertex to a Mitered Edge

You can convert any vertex to a mitered edge and specify the desired length of themitered edge, with respect to the units of the window.

1. Choose Edit > Vertex > Miter. You are prompted enter location of the vertex, and adialog box appears.

2. Set the miter length as desired and click Apply.

Before After

Before Arc with10 milradius

Arc with30 milradius

Arcwith50 milradius


3. Click on any vertex you wish to convert to a mitered edge. The vertex isredrawn accordingly.

You can continue converting vertices in this manner using a different miterlength each time if desired, but you must click Apply each time you change thelength.

4. To dismiss the dialog box, click OK.

Stretching the Edge of a Shape

You can redefine a shape by stretching an edge (a segment between two vertices).

1. Choose Edit > Move > Move Edge . You are prompted to enter the location of theline.

2. Click once on the edge you wish to stretch. A ghost image moves and changes asyou move the cursor, showing how the shape will be redrawn.

3. Click again to define the new shape.

Scaling Shapes

To scale an object or text by a percentage:

Grid Spacing = 5Grid Display = 2Miter Length = 10

Miter Length

Before After

Before During After

Manipulating Vertices 4-7

Editing a Layout

1. Choose Edit > Scale/Oversize > Scale and the Scale dialog box appears.

2. Enter scaling factors for both X and Y.

Scaling factors must be positive. Scaling factors greater than 1.0 increase thesize of objects, while factors less than 1.0 decrease the size of objects. To scalethe objects uniformly, enter the same scaling factor for both X and Y. For text,only the X scale is used.

3. Click OK and you are prompted to enter a reference point on the object aroundwhich to scale.

4. Click to specify the reference point, and the object is scaled.

To scale an object relative to the design units:

1. Select the object.

2. To replace the original object with a scaled image, choose the command Edit >Scale/Oversize > Oversize .

To place a copy of the selected object (using the size you specify) on the currententry layer, preserving the original object, choose the command Edit >Scale/Oversize > Copy & Oversize.

When you select either of these commands, a dialog box appears.

3. Enter the sizing amount. A positive number increases the size of the object; anegative number decreases the size.

4. Enter a cutoff angle for mitering corners. Any angle of a polygon smaller thanthe specified cutoff angle is mitered. Default = 45°.

5. Make any changes in the dialog box, and click OK.


If you chose Oversize in step 2, the object is scaled to the specified size.

If you chose Copy & Oversize in step 2, a copy of the selected object is drawn onthe current entry layer, at the specified size.

Moving an Object to the Coordinates 0,0By default, the coordinates 0,0 are located in the center of the Layout window. Youcan reposition an object that you have placed or drawn elsewhere, at the origin.

1. Choose Edit > Modify > Set Origin . You are prompted, enter origin location.

2. Click the point of the object (for example, pin 1) that you want to position at 0,0and the object is moved; the specified point is now located at 0,0.

Note You can use the View All command to bring the object back into view.

Forcing an Object onto the GridIf an object is offset from the current grid spacing, you can force it to the nearest gridpoint. If the selected object is an component with pins, pin 1 is forced to the nearestgrid point.

1. Select the object.

2. Choose Edit > Modify > Force to Grid . The selected object snaps to the grid.

Cutoff

10°

No cutoff

46°

Moving an Object to the Coordinates 0,0 4-9

Editing a Layout

Viewing Equivalent Components in Schematic andLayoutYou can select an component in the Layout or Schematic window and highlight itsequivalent component in the other representation.

1. In the Layout window, choose Schematic > Show Equivalent Component .

2. Click on an component. Both the component you click and the matchingcomponent in the schematic window highlight.

3. As you click other components in the Layout window, their equivalentshighlight in the Schematic window.

4. To turn the highlighting off, choose Schematic > Clear Highlighting .

Editing Layout Hierarchy (Flatten)When you are ready to generate final artwork, you can remove all levels of hierarchy.This process copies all data from the referenced design to the current representation.You must then delete that instance of the subnetwork, which deletes the reference tothe other design. Repeat this process for each level of hierarchy you want to delete.When you finish, the design will be intact, but contain no references that could affectthe final design.

1. Open the top-level hierarchical design.

2. Select an instance.


This copies all data from the component to the current representation. Now youhave two sets of component data.

4. While the component is still highlighted, choose Edit > Delete . This deletes theduplicate instance and its reference.


6. To check that all hierarchy levels have been removed choose the commandOptions > Hierarchy . There should be no indented levels.

7. Save the design.

4-10 Viewing Equivalent Components in Schematic and Layout

Creating Hierarchy1. Select the components you want to include.

2. Choose Edit > Component > Create Hierarchy , and a dialog box appears.

The program copies the selected artwork elements to another file, saves that newfile, deletes the selected components in the original file and replaces them with areference to the new design.

3. Provide a name for the new file and click OK. (The name you supply becomespart of the annotation displayed when you place the symbol in a design.)

Connecting Layout Components

Note Regardless of how you connect components, turn pin snapping on before youbegin (Options > Preferences > Grid/Snap > Pin).

Viewing Connectivity Information

1. Choose Options > Check Representation .

2. In the Check Representation dialog box, select the desired information category(or categories).

• Unconnected pins displays the total number of unconnected pins, and for eachcomponent with an unconnected pin, lists the component name and ID, thepin number and coordinates of the unconnected pin. The affected componentsare highlighted in the design window.

• Nodal mismatch (layout vs schematic) reports components that are connecteddifferently in one representation than they are in the other. The report liststhe name of the component, the pin that is connected differently and whatthe pin is connected to. The affected components are highlighted in thedesign window.

• Wires in layout displays all components connected to pins that areinterconnected with a wire (or a zero-width trace).

Creating Hierarchy 4-11

Editing a Layout

• Overlaid Components reports the IDs of any overlapping components wherethe components contain the same number of pins and pin 1 of eachcomponent is placed in the same location.

3. Click OK. The Check Representation Report appears displaying the requestedinformation.

4. If desired, click Print to print the report.

5. To dismiss the report, click OK.

Using Transmission LinesFor some types of design, designing from the layout can save considerable time. Thisis especially true in designs with complex transmission lines.

In layout, transmission lines can be created two different ways:

• By placing transmission line elements

• By using traces and then converting them to transmission lines

Splitting a Transmission Line

You can replace one transmission line element with two identical elements.

1. Choose Edit > Transmission Line > Split Transmission Line .

2. On the transmission line, and click on a reference point.

Replacing a Transmission Line Element

You can replace one transmission line element with two identical elements and a tee.

MLIN

2 MLINs after using theSplit TLin command

4-12 Using Transmission Lines

1. Select Edit > Transmission Line > Tap Transmission Line . A Tap Length dialog boxappears where you specify the length of the tee element.

2. Type a number for the tap length, and click OK.

Either an MTEE or STEE is inserted, depending on whether an MLIN or SLINwas tapped.

3. On the transmission line, click on a reference point where you want the teeelement inserted.

Hint The third pin of the tee will be placed on the transmission line edge closest tothe cursor.

Stretching a Transmission Line

1. Select Edit > Transmission Line > Stretch Transmission Line .

2. Click on a node of the transmission line, and move the pointer away from theelement. A flexible dashed line appears and moves with the pointer.

3. Click on a second reference point (where you want the element to stretch to).The element is now changed to the new length.

Using TracesTraces are wires with width and a bend type, and are used to represent a physicaltransmission line. Like wires, they can be used to connect components. Forsimulation, there is no difference between a trace connection or a wire connection. Tosimulate a trace as a series of interconnected transmission line elements, you mustconvert it to transmission line elements and update the schematic.

MLIN

2 MLINs and MTEE element afterusing the Tap TLin command

Using Traces 4-13

Editing a Layout

A trace represents a physical transmission line. Traces have the same restriction aswires do in schematic: they cannot form a short (connect back on themselves). Also,each trace has a uniform width and corner type (curved, mitered, square). Tointroduce a step, taper, or gap you must add a step, taper, or gap component, andconnect the trace to it.

Some limitations of using traces can be overcome by converting traces to paths. See“Using Paths” on page 4-17.

For more accurate simulation, convert traces to transmission line elements (eitherexplicitly, or using a subnetwork).

Changing a Trace to a Transmission Line

The following illustration shows traces converted to microstrip with square corners.The parameters for each element are derived from the physical dimensions of thetrace segments.

Explicitly Converting a Trace

Traces are normally simulated as simple connections (shorts), but they can beexplicitly converted to transmission line elements for more accurate simulation.

MLIN

MLIN

MLIN

MBEND

MBEND

MTEE

MLIN

4-14 Using Traces

Caution You can explicitly change a trace into a transmission line element, but thisis a one-way conversion; you cannot change a transmission line back into a trace.

1. Select the traces you want to convert.

2. Select Edit > Path/Trace > Convert Traces .

3. In the Trace Control dialog box, select the type to convert trace to:

• Transmission line elements

• Single transmission line element

• Nodal connection (short)

4. If you choose a Single Transmission line element, provide the name for thatelement.

5. Select the desired Element Set.

6. Provide the appropriate Substrate Reference.

7. Click OK.

Creating a Subnetwork (Automatic Trace Conversion/Simulation)

In the Layout window, select the Trace tab in the Preferences for Layout dialog box(Options > Preferences) to control elements used in the conversion.

Using Traces 4-15

Editing a Layout

Traces can be automatically converted to transmission line elements. The advantageof automatic conversion is that the trace is not removed and replaced withtransmission line elements. Instead, for each trace a subnetwork is created thatcontains the equivalent transmission line element representation for the trace. Inlayout and schematic, you only see the trace, not the transmission line elements.When simulating, however, the transmission line subnetworks are passed to thesimulator for analysis.

Automatic conversion is controlled through the Trace tab in the Preferences forLayout dialog box (Options > Preferences). Traces can be simulated as PCB,microstrip or stripline elements. Tee elements are automatically created andaccounted for.

In automatic trace conversion, the equivalent transmission line subnetworks are notcreated until you generate/update. At that time, a subnetwork is created for eachtrace in the layout that contains the equivalent transmission line elements defined inthe Preferences for Layout dialog box. In the layout, these traces are marked so thatyou can use the View > Push Into Component command to select the trace and viewits subnetwork equivalent.

If you modify a trace, its network is updated the next time you update the schematic.Because the layout itself has no new elements inserted, the schematic is not updatedwith extra transmission line elements. This enables you to include transmission lineeffects in simulation without cluttering the schematic and layout with numeroustransmission line elements.

Converting Traces to Paths Unlike converting traces to transmission line elements,where the conversion is one-way, you can change paths back into traces. Use thefollowing steps to change a trace into a path:

4-16 Using Traces

1. Select the desired trace.

2. Select Edit > Path/Trace > Convert Trace to Path

Using PathsPaths are polylines with width; they have no connectivity information associatedwith them, but can start and end at any point. Paths can be converted to traces.

Note If a trace or path contains a bend, keep in mind that because they have width,the shortest segment that is part of that vertex cannot be shorter than 3 • w/4 wherew is the width of the trace.

Paths are polylines with width. Note that paths are different from traces in that theyhave no connectivity information associated with them; however, when you arethrough adding to and editing a layout, you can convert the paths to traces. Thetraces will then provide the necessary connectivity information to perform designgeneration and update.

To draw a path between two points:

1. Choose Insert > Path . The Path dialog box appears.

2. Specify a corner type and width.

• Corner Type lists the available options for corner types.

• Width sets the width of the path, with respect to the current design unit.

3. Set the path attributes and click Apply.

4. Position the pointer at the start point and click.

p1

p2

The width of this path is 10.This means the distance fromp1 to p2 must be at least 7.5.

p3

Using Paths 4-17

Editing a Layout

5. Position the pointer at the end point and click. A path is drawn between thespecified points.

To make certain the corner of a curved path is exactly where you want it, try one ofthe following methods:

• Draw a square path and then use the command Edit Path/Trace > Edit Path/Traceto change it to a curved path.

• Specify the vertices observing the coordinate readouts in the status panel anddraw as though you were drawing a square path.

Converting a Path to a Trace

Unlike converting traces to transmission line elements, where the conversion isone-way, you can change traces back into paths, as follows:

1. Select the desired path.

2. Select Edit > Path/Trace > Convert Path to Trace .

Changing the Attributes of an Existing Trace/Path

1. Select the desired traces/paths.

2. Choose Insert > Path. The Path dialog box appears.

0,0

0,-40

40,0

Mitered corner Square corner Curve corner

4-18 Using Paths

Corner Type Select Mitered, Square, or Curve.

Width Specify the width (in layout units).

Mitered Corner Cutoff Ratio (%) Set a percentage of cutoff; the larger thenumber the more of the corner is cut off.

Curve Radius Specify a curve radius.

3. Fill in the appropriate fields, and click OK.

Using WiresYou can use a temporary wire to create an electrical connection between layoutcomponents. Wires make it easy to move components within a layout withoutbreaking connectivity. Wires also make it easy to simulate the performance of acircuit before you insert the lines that will actually be used. The simulator treatswires as short circuits (as though the connected components are physically touching).Later you can connect components directly, or replace the wires with traces andrepeat the simulation to verify circuit performance.

At times, unintentional gaps can be generated in a layout. When this happens, a wireappears to indicate an electrical connection between elements that are not abutting.Note that moving artwork can introduce new wires (disconnect components). You canoften adjust the layout parameters to close gaps, or introduce new elements, ratherthan manually moving objects.

Drawing a Wire

When you draw wires, they must start and end at either a pin or another wire.

Layout withwire showing

Move the artworktogether toeliminate the wire

Using Wires 4-19

Editing a Layout

1. Choose the command Component > Wire .

2. Click on the pin (or wire) at one end.

3. Click on the pin (or wire) at the other end. A wire is drawn between thespecified points.

Stretching a Wire

You can change the shape of an existing wire by stretching an edge (a segmentbetween two vertices).

1. Choose Edit > Move > Move Edge .

2. Click once on the edge you wish to stretch. A ghost image moves and changes asyou move the cursor, showing how the shape will be redrawn.

3. Click again to define the new shape.

Converting a Wire to a Trace

If the separation between components is intentional, you can convert a wire to atrace.

1. Select the wire.

2. Choose Edit > Path/Trace > Edit Path/Trace .

3. In the Edit Path/Trace dialog box:

• Choose the desired corner type for the trace.

Layout with wireshowing

Layout showing wireconverted to trace

4-20 Using Wires

• Specify the desired width for the trace (you must enter a width).

• If you choose Mitered as the Corner Type, specify a cutoff ratio.

• If you choose Curve as the Corner Type, specify the curve radius.

• Click OK.

Hint Keep in mind that because traces have width, if the wire you are converting toa trace has a bend, the shortest segment that is part of that vertex cannot be shorterthan 3 • w/4 where w is the width for the trace, as specified by Path Width.

Editing Component AnnotationWhen a component is placed in layout, its reference designator (ID) and its name areautomatically placed with it on the silk screen layers.

To change a component ID:

1. Double-click the desired component.

or

Select the component and choose the commandEdit > Component > Edit Component Parameters .

2. In the dialog box that appears, edit the ID as desired.

To change text size, justification, and layer:

1. Choose the command Options > Preferences > Component Text .

2. Edit the attributes as desired.

For details on adding block text to your layout, see “Layout Block Text Fonts” onpage 3-7.

Editing Component Annotation 4-21

Editing a Layout

Using Boolean Logical OperationsIn the Layout window, you can insert onto any destination layer polygons that are theresult of comparing the contents of two layers. In effect, the material you select on thesource layers is copied to a destination layer according to logical rules.

Use the following steps for any of the logical operations described in this section:

1. Ensure that the source layers and the destination layer are not protected(Options > Layers ).

2. Choose the command Edit > Boolean Logical .

3. In the dialog box that appears, use the drop-down lists to indicate the twosource layers, the operation you want performed, and the destination layer.Except for DIFF, it makes no difference which source layer you identify first. See“Edit > Boolean Logical > DIFF” on page 4-22.

4. Select whether you want the logical operation to apply to shapes that you select,or to all shapes on the two source layers.

If you choose Selected Shapes , you must select at least one object on each of thetwo source layers.

5. Select whether you want the original shapes deleted.

6. Click OK. The program performs the selected operation on the shapes.

Edit > Boolean Logical > DIFF

Use DIFF to create (on the destination layer) one or more polygons that are a copy ofeverything that you select on the first source layer minus the material you select onthe second source layer that is in the same x, y location. In effect, the system copies

Source Layer Operation Destination LayerSource Layer

4-22 Using Boolean Logical Operations

the material that you select on the first source layer, and then subtracts from it thematerial that you select on the second layer.

In the following examples, the result on the destination layer appears to the right,beside the source layers. This does not happen in the program, where objects on thedestination layer appear in the same x,y location as in the source layers.

Example 1

In this example, the cond layer is specified as the first source layer. The program firstcopies the rectangle on that layer. Then (in effect) the circles on the cond2 layer (thesecond source layer) are subtracted from it. The result is a polygon, as shown.

Example 2

In this example, the cond2 layer is specified first. The system first copies the circleson that layer. Then (in effect) the rectangle on the cond layer is subtracted from them.Only parts of the two circles at the top of the cond2 layer appear on the destinationlayer. Everything else on that layer lies within the boundaries defined by therectangle on the cond layer.

A practical application of the DIFF option would be to create holes on a layer. Thiswould be done as follows:

1. Place all shapes on the Cond layer.

2. Place all holes on the Hole layer.

3. Choose Edit > Boolean Logical > DIFF.

Cond =

Cond2 =

Destination =

Cond =

Cond2 =

Destination =

Using Boolean Logical Operations 4-23

Editing a Layout

4. In the Boolean dialog box, go from left to right and make the following menuselections: Cond , DIFF, Hole , and Cond .

5. In the Apply To section, select All Shapes .

6. Select the Delete Original button.

7. Click the OK button.

Edit > Boolean Logical > AND

Use AND to create (on the destination layer) one or more polygons that are a copy ofonly those things selected that are in the same x,y location on both source layers. Thesystem deletes material that appears on only one source layer. In the followingexample, the destination layer contains only the parts of the circles on the cond2layer that are inside the boundaries defined by the rectangle on the cond layer. Theupper parts of the top circles are in a region where there is nothing on the cond layer,so they do not appear on the destination layer.

Edit > Boolean Logical > OR

Use OR to create (on the destination layer) one or more polygons that are a mergedcopy of everything selected on either source layer. In the following example, thedestination layer includes (in a single, merged polygon) the rectangle on the condlayer and all of the circles on the cond2 layer. This includes the two circles at the topof the cond2 layer, even though parts of them are outside the boundaries defined bythe rectangle on the cond layer.

Cond =

Cond2 =

Destination=

Cond =

Cond2 =

Destination =

4-24 Using Boolean Logical Operations

Edit > Boolean Logical > XOR

Use XOR to create (on the destination layer) one or more polygons that are a mergedcopy of everything selected that appears in any x,y location on only one source layer.Anything that appears on both source layers is, in effect, deleted.

In the following example, the destination layer is similar to the first DIFF example,except that the polygon includes the parts of the two circles at the top of the cond2layer that are outside the boundary defined by the rectangle on the cond layer. Theseare included because they appear only on the cond2 layer.

Creating ClearanceYou can define the clearance between a ground plane and a shape on the same layer,as follows:

1. Choose Edit > Create Clearance .

2. As prompted, select the ground plane and click OK.

3. Select the shapes.

4. Enter the desired offset.

5. Click OK.

Cond =

Cond2 =

Destination =

Creating Clearance 4-25

Editing a Layout

4-26 Creating Clearance

Chapter 5: Importing and Exporting LayoutsThe import/export translators in the Advanced Design System are highlyconfigurable. Each translator has an associated options file that controls how thetranslator works. Default options files are included with the program and areautomatically used unless you specify otherwise.

This chapter provides an overview of importing and exporting layouts.

Note For complete detail, see the Importing and Exporting manual.

Importing a LayoutUse the following procedure to import a layout.

1. In the Layout window, choose the command File > Import . The Import dialog boxappears.

2. From the Import dialog box, select the desired format.

Table 5-1. Import/Export Formats

Import File Format Export

DXF 3

3 EGS Archive Format 3

3 EGS Generate Format 3GDSII Stream Format 3Gerber 3Gerber Viewer 3

3 HPGL/2 3

3 HP IFF 3

3 IGES 3

3 Mask File 3MGC/PCB 3

Importing a Layout 5-1

Importing and Exporting Layouts

3. Click Select File , choose a file name, and click OK.

4. Define any options or layer attributes.

5. Click OK. The file is translated into the program. One or more design files canbe created.

For all translators, one or more designs can be created. The top level design forIGES or GDSII is displayed in the Layout window (no schematics are createdusing any of the translators).

Note Errors or warnings generated during translation are written to awrite<translator>.log file, such as writegds.log (GDSII), writeigs.log (IGES), orwriteegs.log (EGS).

Opening and Viewing a Translated Layout

Use either the design tree in the Main window, or the File menu in the Layoutwindow to open an imported layout.

Saving a Translated Layout

You must explicitly save a translated design. It is not automatically saved. Use thefollowing step to save one or more translated designs (individual designs createdduring the translation of a hierarchical design):

In the Main window, choose the command File > Save All Designs .

Listing the Hierarchy of a Translated Layout

In the Layout window, choose the command Options > Hierarchy .

5-2 Importing a Layout

Exporting a Layout

Preparing a Layout for Translation

Preparing a layout for translation consists of some or all of the following steps:

• Remove (flatten) any hierarchy that exists in the layout. This is necessary if youwant to make changes that would affect all levels of the hierarchy, such asmerging shapes.

• Edit the shapes that make up the graphical representations of the circuitcomponents in the layout. The most common editing steps are to:

• Merge graphics shapes that are on the same layer and touching (toeliminates boundaries between components so that the layout consist ofgraphics only).

• Apply process offsets.

• Create reverse images.

• Change colors.

Layouts are sometimes edited to reverse the arrangement of colors: to replace whitewith black, for example.

• Change the visibility or arrangement of layers.

The steps you must use depend on the type of translation, and on what must appearin the finished file.

Flattening Instances to Eliminate Hierarchy and Connectivity

When you flatten components, you turn each component in the layout into a set ofunrelated shapes. Component grouping is lost, and the shapes no longer behave as anelectrical entity for simulation. Use the following steps:

1. In the Layout window, choose File > Generate Artwork .

2. When the program prompts you for a new design name, enter the desired nameand click OK.

Hierarchy is removed so that all primitives are contained in the copied top-levellayout icon.

Exporting a Layout 5-3


Adding a Process Offset

It is sometimes necessary to have two layers that are almost the same except that onehas a process offset. This is done by copying the shapes from one layer to an emptylayer, merging the shapes on the new layer, and then oversizing (or undersizing) themerged shapes.

Copying Shapes to a New Layer

To copy shapes from one layer to another:

1. If the layer to which you want to copy the shapes does not exist, choose Options> Layers to display the Layer Editor, then add the desired layer. For details onhow to do this, see “Adding a Layer” on page 2-5.

2. In the Layout window, select the shapes that you want to copy.

3. Choose Edit > Copy/Paste > Copy to Layer .

4. In the Copy to Layer dialog box, select the destination layer and click OK.

Notes The program places a copy of the selected shapes on the destination layer, inexactly the same place as they appear on the source layer. Because of this, you cannotsee the copied shapes. When you click OK, a copy is placed on the destination layer;click Apply only if you want to select and copy shapes to an additional layer.

Merging Shapes

Merging replaces all shapes on the same layer and touching with combined shapes.This step is especially necessary before doing process offsets with negative values,but should follow the elimination of hierarchy, as described in “Flattening Instancesto Eliminate Hierarchy and Connectivity” on page 5-3.

To merge shapes:

1. Select the shapes that you want to merge.

2. Choose Edit > Merge .

Resizing Shapes

You can increases or decreases the outline size of a shape, which is sometimes neededto compensate for a manufacturing process.

5-4 Exporting a Layout

To resize shapes:

1. Select the shapes that you want to resize.

2. Choose Edit > Scale/Oversize > Oversize .

3. In the Oversize dialog box, enter (in layout units) how much you want added toor removed from the selected shapes. A positive number increases the size of ashape, a negative number decreases it.

4. Click OK.

Creating a Reverse Image of a Layer

You can create a ground plane or a solder mask that includes the area betweenshapes, as follows:

1. Copy the desired shapes to a an empty layer.

2. Place a rectangle (that represents the ground plane) over the shapes.

3. Choose Edit > Create Clearance .

4. When prompted, select the rectangle that represents the ground plane, thenclick OK.

5. In the Create Clearance dialog box that appears, enter any clearance you wantfor a ground plane (or offset you want added to the final shapes when creating asolder mask).

6. Select the shapes and click OK.

7. Select and delete the shapes to leave the ground plane/solder mask.

Image Before Reversal Reversed Image

Exporting a Layout 5-5


Translating a Layout

To export a layout:

1. In the Layout window, choose the command File > Export . The Export dialog boxappears.

2. From the Export dialog box, select the desired format.

Only one format can be specified at a time. The format you choose determineswhich options are available for translation. The options control the programtranslator.

3. If desired, specify a file name. If no file name is given, the name of thetranslated design is used. You do not need to specify the file extension.

4. Define any preferences or layer attributes (both in the Options menu).

To specify the GDSII layer number or IGES level number to be used inexporting a design, choose Options > Layers to access the Layer Editor. ValidGDSII layer numbers are 0 through 255.

5. To start the translation process, click OK. If no path is specified, the file iswritten to the current project directory.

5-6 Exporting a Layout

Chapter 6: Standard AEL Macros

CONNPort Connection

Ilustration:

Parameters:

None

CPAD2Circular Two Pads with Non-Preferred Ports

Illustration:

Parameters:

R = Radius of the padsS = Center-to-center spacingLAYER = Layer number

CPAD3Circular Three Pads with Non-Preferred Ports

Illustration:

R

S

CONN 6-1

Standard AEL Macros

Parameters:

R1 = Radius of pads 1 and 2S1 = Center-to-center spacing between pad 1 and 2R2 = Radius of pad 3S2 = Vertical distance between pad 2 and 3LAYER = Layer number

CPAD4Circular Four Pads with Non-Preferred Ports

Illustration:

R1

R2

R1

S2

S1

PAD3

PAD2PAD1

R1

R2

S1

S2

R1

R2

PAD1

PAD3

PAD2

PAD4

6-2 CPAD4

Parameters:

R1 = Radius of pads 1 and 2S1 = Center-to-center spacing between pad 1 and 2R2 = Radius of pads 3 and 4S2 = Center-to-center spacing between pads 3 and 4LAYER = Layer number

PAD1Rectangular Two Pads with preferred ports

Illustration:

Parameters:

W = WidthS = SpacingL = Pin 1 to Pin 2LAYER = Layer number

PAD3Rectangular Three Pads with preferred ports

Illustration:

PAD1 6-3

Standard AEL Macros

Parameters:

W1 = Width of pad at pins 1 and 2W2 = Width of pad at pin 3S = SpacingL1 = Total horizontal lengthL2 = Vertical length from pin 1 to pin 3LAYER = Layer number

PAD4Rectangular Four Pads with preferred ports

Illustration:

6-4 PAD4

Parameters:

W1 = Width of pad at pins 1 and 2W2 = Width of pad at pins 3 and 4S = Spacing (length of pads)L1 = Total horizontal length + spaceL2 = Total vertical length from from top of pin 4 to bottom of pin 3 + spaceLAYER = Layer number

PADNN Pads for a dip

Illustration:

4

PADN 6-5

Standard AEL Macros

Parameters:

PW = Pad widthXS = X-axis spacing between recurrent padsYS = Y-axis spacing between recurrent padsNUM = Total number of padsLAYER = Layer number

RPAD2Rectangular Two Pads with Non-Preferred Ports

Illustration:

XS

PW

YS

6-6 RPAD2

Parameters:

W = WidthS = SpacingL = Total length of the pads + spaceLAYER = Layer number

RPAD3Rectangular Three Pads with Non-Preferred Ports

Illustration:

S

RPAD3 6-7

Standard AEL Macros

Parameters:

W1 = Width of pad at pins 1 and 2W2 = Width of pad at pin 3S = Spacing between pad 1 and pad 2L1 = Total horizontal length + spaceL2 = Vertical length from pin 1 to pin 3 + spaceLAYER = Layer number

RPAD4Rectangular Four Pads with Non-Preferred Ports

Illustration:

Parameters:

W1 = Width of pad at pins 1 and 2W2 = Width of pad at pins 3 and 4S = Space between pad 1 and pad 2L1 = Pin 1 to pin 2L2 = Length from pin 4 to pin 3LAYER = Layer number

4

S

6-8 RPAD4

SPACSpace

Illustration:

Parameter:

L = Length

SPAD2Square Two Pads with Non-Preferred Ports

Illustration:

Parameters:

W = WidthL = Pin 1 to Pin 2LAYER = Layer number

SPAD3Square Three Pads with Non-Preferred Ports

Illustration:

L

W P2P1

SPAC 6-9

Standard AEL Macros

Parameters:


SPAD4Square Four Pads with Non-Preferred Ports

Illustration:

Parameters:

L

W P1 P2

L

W P1 P2

6-10 SPAD4


TAR1Square Pad

Illustration:

Parameter:

W = Width

TAR1 6-11

Standard AEL Macros

6-12 TAR1

Chapter 7: Fixed Artwork

145MILXP

145 MIL X-PACK4 portspackage and hole 145 mil diameter3 leads 30 × 155.5 mil, 1 lead 30 × 391.5 milpads 60 mil squareBJT

145ML4PK

145 MIL FOUR-PACK4 portspackage and hole 145 mil diameter4 leads 30 × 168.7 milpads 60 mil squareBJT

7-1

Fixed Artwork

1D2J1A

1-2J1A2 portspackage 59 × 110.2 mil2 leads 23.6 × 255.9 mil2 pads 43.6 mil squareDiode

2D3H1A

2-3H1A3 portsflange 98.4 × 338.6 milpackage 98.4 mil square and circle 90 mil diameterholes 63 mil diameter 240.2 mil center-to-center2 leads 23.6 × 78.8 mil2 pads 23.6 mil squareFET

2D3J1C

2-3J1C4 ports

7-2

SMTpackage 114.4 × 59 mil2 short leads 15.8 × 21.8 mil, 1 long lead 15.8 × 33.6 milcollector lead 23.6 × 53.6 milpads are lead size plus 10 milBJT

2D7C1A

2-7C1A3 portsflange 236.2 × 728.4 milpackage 236.2 × 267.8 mil and 220.4 × 267.8 milholes 98.4 mil diameter spaced 551.2 mil center-to-center2 leads 27.6 × 157.5 mil2 pads 27.6 mil squareFET

7-3

Fixed Artwork

AFLANGE

(no name given by vendor)3 portsflange 820 × 250 milholes 120 mil diameter spaced 570 mil center-to-centerleads 50 × 150 milpads 50 mil squareFET

AK

AK5 portsopen flange 976 × 256 milholes 130 mil diameter spaced 726 mil center-to-centerleads 60 × 205 milpads 60 mil squareFET

7-4

ALMK

Alignment markerconductor diameter 30 milno ports

ALMK2

Alignment markerconductor diameter 20 milno ports

AP

AP3 portsflange 750 × 250 milholes 125 mil diameter 560 mil center-to-centerleads 60 × 200 mil

30

20

7-5

Fixed Artwork

pads 60 mil squareFET

AQ

AQ5 portsflange 750 × 250 milholes 130 mil diameter 560 mil center-to-centerleads 60 × 197.5 milpads 60 mil squareFET

ATF36

Avantek 364 portsSMTpackage 100 mil octagon and 83 mil diameter circle

7-6

leads 20 × 40 milpads 20 mil squareFET

ATF70

Avantek 704 portSMTpackage 70 mil square and circle2 leads 40 × 212.5 mil, 2 leads 20 × 212.5 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

ATF76Avantek 764 portsSMTpackage 70 mil octagon and circle

2 leads 40× 69 mil, 2 leads 20× 69 mil

2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil square

7-7

Fixed Artwork

FET

ATF84

Avantek 844 portspackage 85 mil diameterhole 85 mil diameterleads 20 × 65 milpads 20 × 20 milFET

ATF86

Avantek 864 portsSMTpackage 85 mil diameterleads 20 × 57.5 milpads 40 × 66.3 milFET

7-8

ATCCAP

Chip capacitor outline2 ports75 mil port-to-portleads 110 × 25 milpackages 110 × 75

AVNK35

Avantek 354 portsSMTpackage 100 mil squareleads 20 × 175 milpads 40 mil squareBJT

75

110

115

7-9

Fixed Artwork

AVNK70

Avantek 704 portsSMTpackage 70 mil square and circleleads 40 × 212.5 mil and leads 20 × 212.5 milpads 40 mil square and pads 20 mil squareBJT

AVNK85

Avantek 854 portspackage and hole 85 mil diameterleads 20 × 207.5 milpads 40 mil squareBJT

7-10

AVNK86

Avantek 864 portsSMTpackage 85 mil diameterleads 20 × 57.5 milpads 40 × 66.3 milBJT

AXIAL_L

Axial leaded components (large)2 portsleads 30 × 325packages 300 × 770

7-11

Fixed Artwork

AXIAL_M

Axial leaded components (medium)2 portsleads 30 × 270packages 140 × 390

AXRES

Axial leaded components (small)2 portsleads 29 × 100 milresistor 95 × 249

117

137

30 mil300

590790

140

400450

95

7-12

AXRES2

Axial leaded components2 portsleads 17.5 × 60 milresistor 57 × 150

AXRES3

Axial leaded components2 ports, 500 mil port-to-portleads 29.2 × 205 milresistor

BFLANGE

no name given by vendor3 portsflange 820 × 250 milholes 120 mil diameter 570 mil center-to-centerleads 50 × 170 milpads 50 mil squareFET

240270

5717.5

749.5

29.2 150

500

7-13

Fixed Artwork

C-LL

Alignment corner marksno portsconductor 5 mil wide

C-LR


15

15

5 mil

0,0

7-14

C-UL


C-UR


15

15

5 mil

0,0

15

15

0,0

7-15

Fixed Artwork

C145D01

Motorola Case 145-014 portsstud mountpackage 375 mil diameterhole 325 mil diameter4 leads 225 × 317.5 mil3 pads 225 mil square. 1 pad 225 × 205 milBJT

C18202

Motorola Case 182-022 portspackage 170 mil diameter cut × 130 mil chordholes 22 mil diameter and 22 × 20 mil

0,015

15

7-16

pads 40 mil squareDiode

C2003

Motorola Case 20-033 portscase 219.5 mil diameterholes 21 mil diameter 50 mil from case centerpads 40 mil squareBJT

C211D07

Motorola Case 211-074 portsflange 975 × 250 milpackage 380 mil diameterholes 120 mil diameter 725 mil center-to-center

7-17

Fixed Artwork

leads 220 × 210 mil at 45°pads 220 × 210 milFET

C211D07V2

Motorola Case 211-074 portsflange 975 × 250 milpackage 380 mil diameterholes 120 mil diameter 725 mil center-to-centerleads 220 × 210 mil at 45°pads 220 × 210 milBJT

C221CD02

Motorola Case 221C-023 portsdrawn as if flange

7-18

package 398 × 698 milhole 145 mil diameter3 leads 132 × 33 mil and 58 mil3 pads 58 × 132 milBJT

C244D04

Motorola Case 244-044 portsstud mountpackage 282 mil diameterhole 250 mil diameterleads 220 × 294 milpads 220 × 220 milFET

C249D05

Motorola Case 249-054 ports

7-19

Fixed Artwork

package and hole 282 mil diameter4 leads 220 × 294 mil4 pads 220 mil squareBJT

C2904

Motorola Case 29-043 portspackage 170 mil diameter cut × 135 mil chordholes 22 mil diameter and 22 × 20 milpads 40 mil squareDiode

C30301

Motorola Case 303-014 portsSMT100 mil square package2 leads 40 × 197.5 mil, 2 leads 20 × 197.5 mil

7-20

pads 40 mil squareBJT

C305D01

Motorola Case 305-014 portsstud mountpackage and hole 210 mil diameter2 leads 60 × 330 mil, 2 leads 30 × 330 mil2 pads 60 mil square, 2 pads 30 mil squareBJT

C317D02

Motorola Case 317-024 ports190 mil diameter package and hole

7-21

Fixed Artwork

1 lead 100 × 270.5 mil, 3 leads 36 × 207.5 mil1 pad 100 mil square, 3 pads 72 mil squareBJT

C319BD01

Motorola Case 319B-015 portsflange 975 × 233 milholes 130 mil diameter 725 mil center-to-centerleads 60 × 130 milpads 60 mil squareFET

C319D06

Motorola Case 319-063 portsflange 975 × 233 milholes 130 mil diameter 725 mil center-to-center4 leads 60 × 100 mil, 2 leads 120 × 100 mil (one notch)4 pads 80 × 100 mil, 1 pad 40 × 120 milBJT

7-22

C369D03

Motorola Case 369-033 portsdrawn as for flange mountpackage 240 × 258 mil3 leads 30 × 365 mil2 pads 63 × 118 mil, 1 pad 265 mil squareBJT

C5102

Motorola Case 51-022 portspackage 96 × 265 mil2 leads 20 × 40 mil (bent)2 holes 22 mil square2 pads 44 mil squareDiode

7-23

Fixed Artwork

C744AD01

Motorola Case 744A-018 portsflange 385 × 900 milpackage 424 × 400 milholes 126 mil diameter 650 mil center-to-center4 leads 182 × 70 mil, 4 leads 182 × 120 mil4 pads 70 mil square, 4 pads 120 mil squareBJT

C751D03

Motorola Case 751-038 portsSMTsingle device insidepackage 192 × 154 mil8 leads 16.5 × 41.5 mil8 pads 36.5 mil squareBJT

7-24

C7904

Motorola Case 79-043 portspackage 352.5 mil diameterholes 21 mil diameter100 mil from package centerpads 40 mil squareBJT

CD

CD4 portspackage 250 mil square2 leads 100 × 200 mil, 1 lead 90 × 200 mil, 1 lead 50 × 200 mil2 pads 100 mil square, 1 pad 90 mil square, 1 pad 50 mil squareFET

7-25

Fixed Artwork

CERECX

CEREC-X4 portsSMTpackage 100.4 mil octagon and 86.6 mil diameter circleleads 19.7 × 32.5 milpads 39.5 mil squareBJT

CERECXF

CEREC-XF4 portsSMTpackage 70 mil octagonleads 20 × 47.5 milpads 20 mil squareFET

7-26

CHPCAP

Surface mount componentsconductor 40 × 30 milpackages 60 × 120 mil2 ports

CHPRES

2 portspackages 60 × 120 milleads 40 × 30 mil

160

120

10040

7-27

Fixed Artwork

COIL1

General inductor outlinehand wound coil inductor2 portsdia.35 mil

DISK_L

Ceramic disk capacitors (large)2 ports 200 mil port-to-portpackages 140 × 432 milleads 24 mil diameter

DISK_M

Ceramic disk capacitors (medium)2 ports 200 mil port-to-portpackages 140 × 300 milleads 24 mil diameter

5750

35

43200

100

7-28

DISK_S

Ceramic disk capacitors (small)2 ports 90 mil port-to-portpackages 140 × 200 milleads 24 mil diameter

GD11

GD114 portsSMTpackage 98.4 mil square and circle2 leads 39.4 × 196.9 mil, 2 leads 19.7 × 196.9 mil2 pads 39.4 mil square, 2 pads 19.7 mil squareFET

30200

100

2090

100

7-29

Fixed Artwork

GD16

GD164 portsSMTpackage 75 mil octagon2 leads 40 × 40 mil, 2 leads 20 × 40 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

GD4

GD44 portsSMTpackage 75 mil octagon2 leads 40 × 157.5 mil, 2 leads 20 × 157.5 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

7-30

GD7

GD74 portsSMTpackage 70 mil square (package is octagonal underneath)2 leads 40 × 30 mil, 2 leads 20 × 30 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

GD9

GD94 portsSMTpackage 70 mil square2 leads 40 × 157.5 mil, 2 leads 20 × 157.5 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

7-31

Fixed Artwork

GF1

GF13 portsflange 327 × 98 mil 10 mil rad cornerspackage 98 mil square2 holes 63 mil diameter 213 mil center-to-center2 leads 24 × 79 mil2 pads 24 mil squareFET

GF11

GF113 portsopen flange 433 × 256 milholes 70 mil diameter 362 mil center-to-center2 leads 20 × 79 mil2 pads 20 mil squareFET

7-32

GF21

GF213 portsopen flange 689 × 250 mil 30 mil cornersholes 98.4 mil diameter 563 mil center-to-center2 leads 39.4 × 157.5 mil2 pads 39.4 × 39.4 milFET

GF4

GF43 portsflange 417 × 138 mil 12 mil cornerspackage 150 × 98 mil minus indentationsholes 63 mil diameter 264 mil center-to-center2 leads 24 × 79 mil

7-33

Fixed Artwork

2 pads 24 mil squareFET

GF7

GF73 portsflange 551 × 173 milpackage 197 × 173 mil minus indentationsholes 87 mil diameter 354 mil center-to-center2 leads 24 × 79 mil2 pads 24 mil squareFET

HP70GT

HPAC-70GT4 portsSMTpackage 70 mil diameter2 leads 30 × 165 mil, 2 leads 20 × 165 mil

7-34


HP85PLAS

HP85 Plastic4 portspackage and hole 85 mil diameterleads 20 × 100.5 milpads 40 mil squareBJT

HPAC100

HPAC1004 portsSMTpackage 100 mil square and diameter2 leads 40 × 130 mil, 2 leads 20 × 130 mil

7-35

Fixed Artwork


HPAC100X

HPAC100X4 portsSMTpackage 100 mil octagon and 83 mil diameter circle4 leads 20 × 150 milpads 40 mil squareBJT

HPAC200

HPAC2004 portspackage and hole 200 mil diameter

7-36

leads enter package at 128 mil diameter2 leads 60 × 200 mil, 2 leads 30 × 200 milpads 60 mil squareBJT

HPAC200V2

HPAC2004 portspackage and hole 200 mil diameterleads enter package at 128 mil diameter2 leads 60 × 200 mil, 2 leads 30 × 200 milpads 60 mil squareBJT

7-37

Fixed Artwork

LG

LG4 portsSMTpackage 70 mil octagon2 leads 40 × 59 mil, 2 leads 20 × 59 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

LLD

LLD2 portsSMTpackage 114.2 × 53.2 mil2 leads 11.8 × 53.2 mil2 pads 31.8 × 73.2 milDiode

7-38

M205

M2052 portsSMTpackage 60 × 106.3 mil2 leads 21.7 × 21.5 mil2 pads 41.7 × 41.5 milDiode

M253

M2534 portsSMTpackage 70 mil octagon2 leads 40 × 59 mil, 2 leads 20 × 59 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

7-39

Fixed Artwork

MACROT

MACRO-T3 portspackage and hole 190 mil diameter2 pins 36 × 207.5 mil, 1 pin 36 × 337.5 milpads 72 mil squareBJT

MACROX

MACRO-X4 portspackage and hole 190 mil diameter3 pins 36 × 207.5 mil, 1 pin 36 × 337.5 milpads 72 mil squareBJT

ME

ME3 portsflange 630 × 197 mil

7-40

package 197 mil squareholes 87 mil diameter 472 mil center-to-center2 leads 39 × 79 mil2 pads 39 mil squareFET

MICROX

MICRO-X4 portsSMTpackage 100 mil octagon and 83 mil diameter circleleads 20 × 177.5 milpads 40 mil squareBJT

MOP

Mini Octal Package8 portsSMT

7-41

Fixed Artwork

package 185.4 × 59 mil8 leads 25 × 15.8 mil8 pads 45 × 35.8 milDiode

MW4

MW44 portsSMTpackage 51.2 × 114.2 mil2 leads 31.5 × 25.6 mil, 2 leads 15.8 × 25.6 mil2 pads 51.5 × 45.6 mil, 2 pads 35.8 × 45.6 milFET

MWT70

MWT704 ports

7-42

SMTpackage 70 mil square and circle2 leads 40 × 200 mil, 2 leads 20 × 200 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

MWT71

MWT713 portsflange 335 × 98 milpackage 98 mil squareholes 63 mil diameter 240 mil center-to-center2 leads 24 × 201 mil2 pads 24 mil squareFET

7-43

Fixed Artwork

MWT73

MWT734 portsSMTpackage 70 mil octagon and circle2 leads 40 × 157 mil, 2 leads 20 × 157 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

NEC01

NEC013 portspackage 275.6 mil diameter circle cut to 244 mil width1 lead 59 × 78.8 mil, 1 lead 59 mil square1 pad 59 mil square, 1 pad 59 × 78.8 milemitter on bottomBJT

7-44

NEC03

NEC034 portsSMTpackage 137.8 mil diameter2 leads 78.7 × 196.9 mil, 2 leads 39.4 × 196.9 milpads 78.7 mil squareBJT

NEC07

NEC074 portsSMTpackage 98.4 mil square and circle2 leads 39.4 × 196.9 mil, 2 leads 19.7 × 196.9 milpads 39.4 mil squareBJT

7-45

Fixed Artwork

NEC08

NEC084 portsSMTpackage 78.7 mil squareleads 23.6 × 196.9 milpads 47.2 mil squareBJT

NEC12

NEC123 portspackage 229.9 mil diameterholes 17.8 mil diameter50 mil from package centerpads 40 mil squareBJT

7-46

NEC13


NEC14


7-47

Fixed Artwork

NEC15


NEC18

NEC184 portsSMTpackage 49.2 × 78.7 mil3 leads 11.8 × 15.8 mil, 1 lead 15.8 mil square3 pads 31.8 mil square

7-48

NEC19

NEC193 portsSMTpackage 31.5 × 63 mil2 leads 7.9 × 15.8 mil, 1 lead 11.8 × 15.8 milBJT

NEC20

NEC204 portsstud mountpackage and hole 295.3 mil diameter4 leads 78.8 × 196.9 mil4 pads 78.8 mil squareBJT

7-49

Fixed Artwork

NEC30

NEC303 portsSMTpackage 49.3 × 78.8 milleads 11.8 × 16.7 milpads 31.9 × 36.8 milBJT

NEC32

NEC323 portspackage 204.7 mil diameter circle cut × 149.9 mil chordtotal y-axis height 165.4 milholes 19.7 mil diameter 69.7 mil down from chord spaced 50 mil center-to-centerpads 40 mil squareBJT

7-50

NEC33

NEC333 portsSMTpackage 115 × 51 milleads 16.5 × 21.5 milpads 41.5 × 39.4 milBJT

NEC34

NEC343 portsSMTpackage 177.2 × 97.7 mil2 leads 16.5 × 33.1 mil and 27.6 × 64.4 mil2 pads 39.4 × 59.1 milBJT

7-51

Fixed Artwork

NEC35

NEC354 portsSMTpackage 100.4 mil octagon and 82.7 mil diameter circleleads 19.7 × 149.6 milpads 39.4 mil squareBJT

NEC37

NEC374 portspackage and hole 149.6 mil diameter3 leads 23.6 × 157.5 mil, 1 lead 23.6 × 393.7 milpads 47.2 mil squareBJT

7-52

NEC38

NEC384 portsSMTpackage 70 mil octagonleads 20 × 43.5 milpads 20 mil squareFET

NEC39

NEC394 portsSMTpackage 59.1 × 114.2 mil3 leads 15.7 × 25.6 mil, 1 lead 23.6 × 25.6 milpads are leads 10 mil xyBJT

7-53

Fixed Artwork

NEC53E

NEC53E3 portsflange 800 × 250 milholes 130 mil diameter 563 mil center-to-center1 lead 30 × 210 mil, 1 lead 115 × 210 mil1 pad 30 mil square, 1 pad 115 mil squareBJT

NEC75

NEC753 portsflange 385.8 × 90.6 milholes 70.8 mil diameter 275.6 mil center-to-center2 leads 19.6 × 118.1 mil2 pads 19.6 mil squareFET

7-54

NEC83

NEC834 portsSMTpackage 70 mil square2 leads 40 × 157.5 mil, 2 leads 20 × 157.5 mil2 pads 40 mil square, 2 pads 20 mil squareFET

NEC84

NEC844 portsSMTpackage 70 mil octagonleads 20 × 157.5 milpads 20 mil squareFET

7-55

Fixed Artwork

NEC84A

NEC84A4 portsSMTpackage 70 mil octagonleads 20 × 157.5 milpads 20 mil squareFET

NEC87

NEC873 portspackage 114.2 × 137.8 mil octagon2 leads 23.6 × 196.9 mil2 pads 23.6 mil squarecollector on bottomBJT

NEC89

NEC894 portsSMT

7-56

package 80 mil octagon2 leads 80 × 157.5 mil, 2 leads 20 × 157.5 mil2 pads 20 mil square, 2 pads 80 mil squareFET

NEC89A

NEC89A4 portsSMTpackage 80 mil octagon2 leads 80 × 157.5 mil, 2 leads 20 × 157.5 mil2 pads 20 mil square, 2 pads 80 mil squareFET

7-57

Fixed Artwork

OKI_1

(no name given by vendor)3 portspackage and hole 130 × 185 mil2 leads 19.7 × 78.8 mil2 pads 19.7 mil square2 support bars 5 × 20 milFET

PFLANGE

(no name given by vendor)5 portsflange 820 × 250 milholes 120 mil diameter 570 mil center-to-centerleads 60 × 200 milpads 60 mil squareFET

7-58

RADIAL_L

Radial leaded components2 ports 400 mil port-to-portpackages 140 × 480 milleads 28 mil diameter

RADIAL_M


RADIAL_S


480

400

140

290

20

90

7-59

Fixed Artwork

RESA

Chip resistor2 ports 30 mil port-to-portpackages 20 × 30 milresi 20 × 50 mil

SFLANGE

(no name given by vendor)4 portsflange 975 × 250 milpackage 380 mil diameterholes 120 mil diameter 725 mil center-to-centerleads 220 × 210 mil at 45°pads 220 × 210 milFET

22

200

90

480

400

140

7-60

SMA_FEM

SMA connector outline femaleno portsconductorcond2leads

SMSMICROX

Siemens MICRO-X4 portsSMTpackage 70 mil octagon2 leads 20 × 47.5 mil, 2 leads 40 × 47.5 mil2 pads 20 mil square, 2 pads 40 mil square

525

500

7-61

Fixed Artwork

FETWARNING: NOT identical to MICROX

SOD123

SOD1232 portsSMTpackage 61 × 106.3 mil2 leads 19.7 × 23.6 mil2 pads 39.7 × 43.6 milDiode

SOD323

SOD3232 portsSMTpackage 49.2 × 98.6 mil

7-62

2 leads 11.8 × 15.8 mil2 pads 31.8 × 35.8 milDiode

SOD80

SOD802 portsSMTpackage 63 × 137.8 mil2 leads 11.8 × 63 mil2 pads 31.8 × 83 milDiode

SOT103

SOT1034 portspackage and hole 189 mil diameter3 leads 45.3 × 200.8 mil1 lead 45.3 × 318.9 milpads 90.6 mil squareBJT

7-63

Fixed Artwork

SOT143

SOT1434 portsSMTpackage 51 × 115 mil3 leads 16 × 20 mil, 1 lead 32 × 20 mil3 pads 40 × 39.4 mil, 1 pad 55.2 × 40 milBJT

SOT143R

SOT143R4 portsSMTpackage 51 × 115 mil3 leads 16 × 20 mil, 1 lead 32 × 20 mil3 pads 40 × 39.4 mil, 1 pad 55.2 × 40 milBJT

7-64

SOT143RV2


SOT143V2


7-65

Fixed Artwork

SOT143V3

SOT1434 portsSMTpackage 51 × 115 mil3 leads 16 × 20 mil, 1 lead 32 × 20 mil3 pads 40 × 39.4 mil, 1 pad 55.2 × 40 milDiode

SOT143V4


7-66

SOT143V5


SOT143V6


7-67

Fixed Artwork

SOT143V7


SOT223

SOT2234 portsSMTpackage 255.9 × 137.8 mil3 leads 27.6 × 68.9 mil, 1 lead 118.1 × 68.9 mil3 pads 98.5 × 59.2 mil, 1 pad 78.9 × 149.6 milBJT

7-68

SOT223V2

SOT2233 portsSMTpackage 255.9 × 137.8 mil3 leads 27.6 × 68.9 mil, 1 lead 118.1 × 68.9 mil3 pads 98.5 × 59.2 mil, 1 pad 78.9 × 149.6 milDiode

SOT23

SOT233 portsSMTpackage 115 × 51 milleads 16.5 × 21.5 milpads 41.5 × 39.4 milBJT

7-69

Fixed Artwork

SOT23V2

SOT232 portsSMTpackage 115 × 51 milleads 16.5 × 21.5 milpads 41.5 × 39.4 milDiode

SOT23V3

SOT232 portsSMTpackage 115 × 51 milleads 16.5 × 21.5 mil

7-70

pads 41.5 × 39.4 milDiode

SOT23V4


SOT23V5

SOT233 portsSMTpackage 115 × 51 milleads 16.5 × 21.5 mil

7-71

Fixed Artwork

pads 41.5 × 39.4 milDiode

SOT23V6


SOT23V7

SOT233 portsSMTpackage 115 × 51 mil

7-72

leads 16.5 × 21.5 milpads 41.5 × 39.4 milDiode

SOT23V8


SOT323

SOT3233 portsSMTpackage 78.6 × 49.4 mil

7-73

Fixed Artwork

leads 11.8 × 16.8 milpads 31.8 × 36.8 milBJT

SOT37

SOT373 portspackage and hole 189 mil diameter2 leads 41.3 × 200.8 mil1 lead 41.3 × 318.9 milpads 82.6 mil squareBJT

SOT89

SOT893 portsSMTpackage 177.2 × 97.7 mil

7-74

2 leads 16.5 × 33.1 milcollector lead 18.6 × 33.1 mil and 27.6 × 64.64 mil2 pads 59.1 × 39.4 milBJT

SOT89V2

SOT893 portsSMTpackage 177.2 × 97.7 mil2 leads 16.5 × 33.1 milcollector lead 18.6 × 33.1 mil and 27.6 × 64.64 mil2 pads 59.1 × 39.4 milBJT

SRP

SRP2 ports

7-75

Fixed Artwork

SMTpackage 63 × 104.3 mil2 leads 22.6 × 23.6 mil2 pads 42.6 × 43.6 milDiode

TO117

TO1174 portsstud mount package and hole 295.3 diameter2 leads 157.5 × 393.7 mil, 2 leads 59.1 × 393.7 mil2 pads 59.1 mil square, 2 pads 157.5 mil squareBJT

7-76

TO206AA

TO206AA3 portspackage 219.5 mil diameterholes 21 mil diameter 50 mil from package centerpads 40 mil squareBJT

TO206AF

TO206AF3 portspackage 219.5 mil diameterholes 21 mil diameter 50 mil from package centerpads 40 mil squareBJT

7-77

Fixed Artwork

TO226AA

TO226AA3 portspackage 170 mil diameter cut × 135 mil chordholes 22 mil diameter and 22 × 20 milpads 40 mil squareBJT

TO39

TO393 portspackage 352.5 mil diameterholes 21 mil diameter 100 mil from package centerpads 40 mil squareBJT

7-78

TO72

TO723 portspackage 225.4 mil diameterholes 21 mil diameter 50 mil from centerpads 40 mil squareBJT

TO72V2

TO72V23 portspackage 225.4 mil diameterholes 21 mil diameter 50 mil from centerpads 40 mil squareBJT

7-79

Fixed Artwork

TO92

TO923 portspackage 170 mil diameter cut × 135 mil chordholes 22 mil diameter and 22 × 20 milpads 40 mil squareBJT

TPLAST

TPLAST3 portspackage and hole 181.1 mil diameter2 leads 35.4 × 196.85 mil, 1 lead 35.4 × 315 milpads 70.8 mil squareBJT

7-80

TUNCAP

Tunable chip capacitor2 ports 75 mil port-to-portleads 110 × 25 milpackages 12 × 62dielectric 110 × 115

UMD

UMD2 portspackage 63 × 102.4 mil2 leads 15.8 × 31.6 mil (bent)2 pads 40 mil square2 holes 20 mil squareDiode

UPRIGHT

Upright mounted variable resistorno ports

115

110

7-81

Fixed Artwork

packages 170 × 250 milText

URP

URP2 portsSMTpackage 52 × 70 mil2 leads 10 × 15 mil2 pads 30 × 35 milDiode

WIRE0

Wire loop outline2 ports 133.5 mil port-to-portconductor 15 mil wide × 47 mildielectric

250

170

7-82

WIRE1

one turn coil outline2 ports 330 mil port-to-portdielectric 35 mil wide

169.5

40.5

400

109

330

7-83

Fixed Artwork

7-84

Chapter 8: SMT Package Layout ArtworkLibraryThe SMT Package Layout Artwork Library (SMT PAL) defines the SMT packageartwork for some of the most commonly-used packages. The SMT PAL consists of 131artwork packages of 7 different types:

• Ceramic Flat Pack (CFP)

• Chip and MELF components

• SOT, DPAK and D2PAK

• Plastic Flat Pack (PFP)

• Quad Flat Pack (QFP)

• Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC)

• Small Outline IC (SOIC)

This chapter describes the library, including the package type and name, the AELinterface function name (AEL macro name), and the dimensions of the package. Adiagram is shown for each package type.

This chapter also describes how you can use the SMT PAL to define the SMT packageartwork in a custom create_item and how you can use the AEL macro name definingthe package artwork as an artwork replacement for sub-circuits or sub-systems.

Using SMT PAL for Custom ComponentsThis section describes how to use SMT package artwork for a custom component. Anexample of this process uses the AEL function defining the SMT package artwork inthe SMT PAL. This artwork is used in the SMT component libraries: capacitors,resistors, inductors, amplifiers, filters, and mixers. In the SMT amplifier library, thelayout artwork (SOT143 package) for HP's Model No. MSA-2111 uses the SMT PALprimitive AEL function in the following sequence:

• The AEL create_item function calls the AEL macro function sa_hp_SOT143.The AEL macro function sa_hp_SOT143 is located in the library artwork fileSMT_AmplifierLibrary_artwork.ael.

Using SMT PAL for Custom Components 8-1

SMT Package Layout Artwork Library

• In turn, sa_hp_SOT143 calls the primitive AEL function smtart_draw_SMT.The primitive AEL function smtart_draw_SMT is located in the SMT PAL filesmtart.ael.

• Then the AEL function smtart_draw_SMT passes the parameters that arenecessary for customizing the artwork, as shown in Figure 8-1.

Figure 8-1. Example of Customizing Artwork Using the AEL Functionsmtart_draw_smt

Using the SMT Package Artworkas an Artwork ReplacementThe procedure for using the SMT package artwork as an artwork replacement issimilar to using the standard artwork replacements. In the Design Definition dialog,change the artwork type to AEL macro and define the two parameters, SMTPAD andOFFSET. Set the SMTPAD parameter type to string.

Note Some packages require two SMTPAD parameters in the Parameters dialogbox.

defun sa_hp_SOT143 (de_set_global_db_factor(), smtpad, smtpad2, offset){ decl initialD1, initialD2, portS2x, port3Y; //initialD1 = 0.5 * (0.00293 - 0.0017125 - 0.5*0.00085 - 0.5*0.000455); //initialD2 = 0.5 * (0.00293 - 0.00191 - 0.5*0.000455 - 0.5*0.000455); initialD1 = 0.0002825; initialD2 = 0.0002825; portS2x = 0.0013 + 2 * (0.0005375 - 0.5*0.000455);

smtart_draw_SMT (list(smtpad,smtpad2),offset,0.0013,0.00293,0,0, list(0.0017125,0,0.00191,0), list(initialD1,0,initialD2,0), list(2,0,2,0), list(0.000455, 0.0005375, 0.00085, 0.0005375, NULL,

0.000455, 0.0005375, 0.000455, 0.0005375, NULL, "side1"), list(0,0,-90, 0,-0.00191,-90.0, portS2x,-0.0017125,90,

portS2x,0.0,90),0,"mts", "portOpt6",0, list(1,3));}

8-2 Using the SMT Package Artwork as an Artwork Replacement

Figure 8-2 shows an example for using the SMT package layout artwork library AELfunction as an artwork replacement, through the Parametric Subnetwork (PSN).Underlying the network psn_smt is the element S3P, that can be viewed by pushinginto the component. In the Design Definition dialog, the parametric subnetwork,psn_smt, Artwork Type is set to AEL macro and Name is set to smtart_SOT23. Twoparameters, SMTPAD and OFFSET, are defined in the Design Parameters dialog. Forthe parameter SMTPAD, set the type to string, with the default value *. For theparameter OFFSET, set the type to real, with a default value 0.

Figure 8-2. SMT Artwork Replacement Examples

For more information, refer to “Defining and Associating Artwork for a New Item” inthe Layout manual.

For information regarding customizing the loading of AEL files, refer to the User’sGuide.

Ceramic Flat Pack (CFP) packagesTable 8-1 lists 17 CFP packages and the associated layout artwork AEL macro nameand dimensions for each package. Figure 8-3 shows the layout artwork for a typicalCFP with the marked dimensions given in the table.

Schematic Layout example

Ceramic Flat Pack (CFP) packages 8-3


Table 8-1. Ceramic Flat Pack (CFP) Packages

Part Name AEL Macro Name

Package LeadLead-leadSpacing(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

CFP24 smtart_CFP24 15.36 9.65 0.43 7.87 1.27

CFP28 smtart_CFP28 18.78 9.14 0.43 7.87 1.27

CFP42 smtart_CFP42 27.16 16.24 0.43 7.61 1.27

CFP10-03 smtart_CFP10_ 03 7.36 3.81 0.305 2.74 1.27

CFP14-03 smtart_CFP14_ 03 9.9 3.81 0.305 2.74 1.27

CFP10-04 smtart_CFP10_ 04 7.36 6.35 0.431 2.47 1.27

CFP14-04 smtart_CFP14_ 04 9.9 6.35 0.431 2.47 1.27

CFP16-04 smtart_CFP16_ 04 11.17 6.35 0.431 2.47 1.27

CFP16-21 smtart_CFP16_ 21 11.17 13.96 0.431 3.16 1.27

CFP20-22 smtart_CFP20_ 22 13.71 16.5 0.431 2.89 1.27

CFP24-19 smtart_CFP24_ 19 16.25 8.88 0.431 3.20 1.27

CFP24-21 smtart_CFP24_ 21 16.25 13.96 0.431 3.16 1.27

CFP28-19 smtart_CFP28_ 19 18.79 8.88 0.508 3.20 1.27

CFP36-20 smtart_CFP36_ 20 23.87 11.42 0.431 2.93 1.27

CFP36-21 smtart_CFP36_ 21 23.87 13.96 0.431 3.16 1.27

CFP36-23 smtart_CFP36_ 23 23.87 21.57 0.431 2.86 1.27

CFP40-20 smtart_CFP40_ 20 26.41 11.42 0.431 2.93 1.27

8-4 Ceramic Flat Pack (CFP) packages

Figure 8-3. Ceramic Flat Pack (CFP) Layout Artwork

Chip and MELF ComponentsTable 8-2 lists 15 chip component packages and 4 MELF components, and theassociated layout artwork AEL macro name and dimensions for each package.Figure 8-4 shows the layout artwork for a typical chip component, 0402, with themarked dimensions given in the table.

Table 8-2. Chip and MELF Component Packages


Package End-capTerminationLength(mm) Description

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

0402 smtart_0402 0.508 1.00 0.127 Resistor

0603-Res smtart_0603R 0.787 1.55 0.305 Resistor

0603-Cap smtart_0603C 0.787 1.55 0.203 Capacitor

0805 smtart_0805 1.22 2.01 0.457 Resistor orcapacitor

1005 smtart_1005 1.27 2.54 0.254 Capacitor

Note: The pads have been omitted in the figure.

Package length

Lead-lead spacing

Package width

Lead width

Lead length

Chip and MELF Components 8-5


Figure 8-4. Chip Component Layout Artwork











2309 smtart_2309 2.3 5.9 1.0 MELF

1406 smtart_1406 1.55 3.5 0.80 MELF

SOD-80 smtart_SOD80 1.60 3.5 0.431 MELF

SOD-87 smtart_SOD87 1.6 3.5 0.30 MELF

Table 8-2. Chip and MELF Component Packages (continued)


Package End-capTerminationLength(mm) Description

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Note: The pads have been omitted in the figure.

Package length

Packagewidth

End-capterminationlength

8-6 Chip and MELF Components

SOT, DPAK, D2PAK PackagesTable 8-3 lists 20 SOT, DPAK, and D2PAK packages and the associated layoutartwork AEL macro name and dimensions for each package.

Some packages require 2 SMTPAD parameters in the Parameters dialog box. Anasterisk (*) denotes that the artwork requires 2 SMTPAD components. If lead 1 (e.g.,SOT143) is of a different dimension than the other leads, the first SMTPAD identifieslead 1. If a lead other than lead 1 (e.g., DPAK1) is of a different dimension, then thesecond SMTPAD identifies the lead of a different dimension.

Figure 8-5 shows the layout artwork for a typical SOT-23 package with the markeddimensions given in the table.

Table 8-3. SOT, DPAK, D2PAK Packages


Package Lead 1 Other LeadsLead-leadSpacing

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Side 1(mm)

Side 2(mm)

SOT-23 smtart_SOT23 2.92 1.30 0.45 0.51 0.45 0.51 1.90 N/A

SOT-23,Metric

smtart_SOT23M1 2.92 1.50 0.45 0.50 0.45 0.50 1.90 N/A

SOT-23,Metric

smtart_SOT23M2 2.92 1.50 0.45 0.65 0.45 0.65 1.90 N/A

SOT-23,Metric

smtart_SOT23M3 1.60 0.80 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.40 1.00 N/A

SOT-23,Metric

smtart_SOT23M4 2.00 1.25 0.30 0.43 0.30 0.43 1.30 N/A

SOT-23,Metric

smtart_SOT23M5 2.90 1.30 0.40 0.55 0.40 0.55 1.90 N/A

SOT-25 smtart_SOT25A 2.92 1.50 0.30 0.65 0.30 0.54 1.90 0.95

SOT-25 smtart_SOT25B 2.00 0.90 0.20 0.60 0.20 0.60 1.30 0.65

SOT-25 smtart_SOT25C 2.00 1.25 0.20 0.43 0.20 0.43 0.65 0.65

SOT-25 smtart_SOT2 5D 2.90 1.60 0.30 0.60 0.30 0.60 0.95 0.95

SOT-36 smtart_SOT36 2.90 1.60 0.30 0.60 0.30 0.60 0.95 0.95

SOT-143* smtart_SOT143A 2.90 1.30 0.88 0.75 0.48 0.75 1.70 1.90

SOT-143* smtart_SOT143B 2.90 1.30 0.88 0.60 0.48 0.60 1.70 1.90

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes that the artwork requires 2 SMTPAD components.

SOT, DPAK, D2PAK Packages 8-7


Figure 8-5. SOT-23 Layout Artwork

SOT-223* smtart_SOT223 6.50 3.50 3.00 1.75 0.74 1.75 2.30 N/A

DPAK* smtart_DPAK1 5.50 5.50 5.20 2.79 0.51 2.00 4.60 N/A





D2PAK* smtart_D2PAK 10.41 9.96 0.71 4.83 9.96 1.27 2.54 N/A

Table 8-3. SOT, DPAK, D2PAK Packages (continued)


Package Lead 1 Other LeadsLead-leadSpacing

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Side 1(mm)

Side 2(mm)

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes that the artwork requires 2 SMTPAD components.

Note: The pads have been omitted in the

Leadlength

Package length

PackagewidthLead

widthLeadspacing

8-8 SOT, DPAK, D2PAK Packages

Plastic Flat Pack (PFP) PackagesTable 8-4 lists 3 Plastic Flat Pack (PFP) packages and the associated layout artworkAEL macro name and dimensions for each package. Figure 8-6 shows the layoutartwork for a PFP with the marked dimensions given in the table.

Figure 8-6. Plastic Flat Pack (PFP) Layout Artwork

Quad Flat Pack (QFP) packagesTable 8-5 lists 48 Quad Flat Pack (QFP) and the associated layout artwork AELmacro name and dimensions for each package. Figure 8-7 shows the layout artworkfor a typical QFP package with the marked dimensions given in the table.

Table 8-4. Plastic Flat Pack (PFP) Packages



Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

PFP-16 smtart_PFP16 10.18 6.85 0.43 8.88 1.27

PFP-18 smtart_PFP18 11.04 7.79 0.43 7.87 1.27

PFP-20 smtart_PFP20 15.49 9.27 0.43 7.72 1.27


Package length

Packagewidth

Lead-leadspacing

Lead width

Lead length

Plastic Flat Pack (PFP) Packages 8-9


Table 8-5. Quad Flat Pack (QFP) Packages


Package LeadLead-leadSpacing(mm) Description

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

QFP32A smtart_QFP32A 7.0 7.0 0.3 1.0 0.8 8 leads/side

QFP32B smtart_QFP32B 5.0 5.0 0.2 1.0 0.5 8 leads/side



QFP40C smtart_QFP40C 7.0 5.0 0.2 1.0 0.5 12 × 8 leads



QFP44C smtart_QFP44C 10.6 10.6 0.3 1.9 0.8 11 leads/side

QFP44D smtart_QFP44D 10.0 10.0 0.3 1.61 0.8 11 leads/side

QFP44E smtart_QFP44E 10.0 10.0 0.41 1.99 0.8 11 leads/side

QFP44F smtart_QFP44F 14.0 14.0 0.35 1.61 1.0 11 leads/side




QFP48D smtart_QFP48D 6.0 6.0 0.15 1.0 0.4 12 leads/side




QFP52D smtart_QFP52D 7.0 5.0 0.15 1.0 0.40 16 × 10 leads

QFP54 smtart_QFP5 11.2 11.2 0.3 1.6 0.65 14 × 13 leads

QFP56 smtart_QFP56 11.5 12.5 0.3 1.5 0.65 14 leads/side


QFP60B smtart_QFP60B 10.0 7.0 0.2 1.0 0.5 12 × 18 leads

QFP64A smtart_QFP64A 15 15 0.35 1.3 0.8 16 leads/side

QFP64B smtart_QFP64B 19.4 15 0.4 1.3 1.0 13 × 19 leads



8-10 Quad Flat Pack (QFP) packages

QFP64E smtart_QFP64E 22.8 22.8 0.457 10.15 1.27 16 leads/side

QFP64F smtart_QFP64F 14.0 14.0 0.381 1.61 0.8 13 × 19 leads

QFP64G smtart_QFP64G 14.0 14.0 0.356 1.18 0.8 16 leads/side

QFP64H smtart_QFP64H 20.0 14.0 0.432 1.61 1.0 13 × 19 leads

QFP64I smtart_QFP64I 7.0 7.0 0.15 1.0 0.4 16 leads/side


QFP72 smtart_QFP72 10.0 10.0 0.2 1.0 0.5 18 leads/side




QFP80B smtart_QFP80C 20.0 14.0 0.35 1.8 0.8 16 × 24 leads

QFP80C smtart_QFP80C 20.0 14.0 0.35 2.35 0.8 16 × 24 leads

QFP80D smtart_QFP80D 14.0 14.0 0.3 1.18 0.65 20 × 20 leads/side

QFP80E smtart_QFP80E 20.0 14.0 0.36 2.1 0.8 16 × 24 leads

QFP80F smtart_QFP80F 20.0 14.0 0.36 1.6 0.8 16 × 24 leads

QFP80G smtart_QFP80G 12.0 12.0 0.203 1.0 0.5 20 × 20 leads/side

QFP88A smtart_QFP88A 20.0 14.0 0.3 2.5 0.65 18 × 26 leads




QFP94 smtart_QFP94 20.6 20.6 0.35 1.3 0.8 23 × 24 × 23 × 24leads

Table 8-5. Quad Flat Pack (QFP) Packages (continued)


Package LeadLead-leadSpacing(mm) Description

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Quad Flat Pack (QFP) packages 8-11


Figure 8-7. Quad Flat Pack (QFP) Layout Artwork

Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC)Table 8-6 lists 11 Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC) packages and the associatedlayout artwork AEL macro name and dimensions for each package. Figure 8-8 showsthe layout artwork for a typical PLCC package with the marked dimensions given inthe table.

Table 8-6. Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC) Packages



Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

PLCC18AA smtart_PLCC18A A 10.85 7.32 0.431 1.27

PLCC18AB smtart_PLCC18 AB 12.52 7.42 0.431 1.27

PLCC20SQ smtart_PLCC20 SQ 8.13 8.13 0.431 1.27

PLCC22RT smtart_PLCC22 RT 11.62 6.54 0.431 1.27






Packagewidth

Package length

Lead length

Lead-leadspacing

Lead width

8-12 Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC)

Figure 8-8. Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC) Layout Artwork

Small Outline IC (SOIC)Table 8-7 lists 13 Small Outline IC (SOIC) packages and the associated layoutartwork AEL macro name and dimensions for each package. Figure 8-9 shows thelayout artwork for a typical SOIC package with the marked dimensions given in thetable.




Table 8-6. Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC) Packages (continued)



Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)


Lead width

Lead-leadspacing

Packagewidth

Package length

Small Outline IC (SOIC) 8-13


Figure 8-9. Small Outline IC (SOIC) Package Layout Artwork

Table 8-7. Small Outline IC (SOIC) Packages



Width(mm)

Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Length(mm)

SO8N smtart_SO8N 3.90 4.87 0.432 1.05 1.27

SO14N smtart_SO14N 3.90 8.63 0.432 1.05 1.27

SO16N smtart_SO16N 3.90 9.90 0.432 1.05 1.27

SO14M smtart_SO14M 5.59 9.910 0.432 1.01 1.27

SO16M smtart_SO16M 5.59 11.20 0.457 1.01 1.27

SO8L smtart_SO8L 7.50 5.20 0.432 1.40 1.27

SO14L smtart_SO14L 57.50 9.010 0.432 1.40 1.27

SO16L smtart_SO16L 7.50 10.30 0.432 1.40 1.27

SO18L smtart_SO18L 7.50 11.55 0.432 1.40 1.27

SO20L smtart_SO20L 7.50 12.80 0.432 1.40 1.27

SO24L smtart_SO24L 7.50 15.37 0.432 1.40 1.27

SO28L smtart_SO28L 7.50 17.92 0.432 1.40 1.27

SO32L smtart_SO32L 7.50 20.50 0.432 1.70 1.27


Package length Lead length

Lead-leadspacing Package

width

Lead width

8-14 Small Outline IC (SOIC)

Chapter 9: Font Definitions

din17

iso3098

din17 9-1

Font Definitions

roman

smooth

9-2 roman

italic

standard

italic 9-3

Font Definitions

gothic

math

9-4 gothic

sans

sansbold

sans 9-5

Font Definitions

filled

filledbold

9-6 filled

straight

straightfilled

straight 9-7

Font Definitions

9-8 straightfilled

Index
AAdd command, 4-5AEL
macro artwork examples, 6-1AEL_PATH, 3-28Always Design Synchronize command, 3-17angles

snapping, 2-16storage of, 2-34

arc/circlecenter, and snap mode, 2-18radius, 2-25

arcsdeleting, 4-5from vertices, 4-6

arithmetic rounding errorsDRC, 2-30

artworkand levels of hierarchy, 4-10and schematic elements, 3-21converting wires to traces, 4-20creating, 1-6creating hierarchical designs for repeated

use, 3-27fixed, 7-1generating, 4-10leaving gaps for, 3-20moving, 4-19synchronizing, 3-22viewing, 3-27

attributesentry/edit, changing, 2-23layer, modifying, 2-4setting globally, 2-6

auto-backup, setting, 2-25automatic generation

of target representations, 3-12

BBoolean logical commands

AND, 4-24DIFF, 4-22OR, 4-24XOR, 4-25

Break command, 4-4

CChange Entry Layer To command, 2-7Change Layer To command, 1-3Check Representation command, 4-11clearance

defining, 4-25closed shapes

selecting, 2-11colors

and layers, 2-10changing display, 2-28drawing area, setting for, 2-28pin/tee connections, setting, 2-22setting, 2-12unconnected pins, setting for, 2-29

Component Parameter dialogtoggling display of, 2-20

componentsand generation process, 3-18and part annotation, 4-21annotation, editing, 4-21CAP_SPAC, using for layout, 3-21changing layers, 2-7connecting with wires, 4-19copying, 2-21custom

creating, 1-6editing, 1-5fixing position of, 3-13IDs, changing, 4-21IDs, setting layers for, 2-27inserting, 3-2

in a layout, 1-4layout

connecting, 4-11creating custom, 1-6

moving, using temporary wires, 2-24, 4-19names, setting layers for, 2-27overlaid, 4-12overlapping, 4-12placement, toggling, 2-21placing, 2-21, 3-18

at specific coordinates, 3-3simultaneously in layouts and

schematics, 3-16

Index-1

positioningfixed, 3-12, 3-13free items, 3-12, 3-13

replacing, 4-12text

setting layers for, 2-27unplaced

managing, 3-18showing, 3-18

without artwork, 3-18, 3-20connections

breaking between layout and schematic,3-26, 5-3

markers, setting size of, 2-22connectivity

checking, 4-11maintaining with wires, 2-24, 4-19removing, 5-3

construction linesplacing, 3-2

Convert To Polygon command, 4-3Convert Trace To command, 2-18Convert Traces command, 4-15Coordinate Entry command, 1-5, 3-3, 3-6coordinate readouts, 1-5, 2-34

differential coordinate readout, 2-34toggling, 2-34

Copy & Oversize command, 4-8Copy To Layer command, 1-3, 5-4Create Hierarchy command, 4-11creating

artwork, 1-6custom layout components, 1-6hierarchical designs, 3-21, 3-22, 3-25

for repeated use, 3-27instances, 3-21layouts

directly, 1-1from schematics, 1-1

schematics from a layout, 1-7symbols to represent designs, 3-27

curvesdrawing smoothly, 2-25

custom layout componentscreating, 1-6

Ddefaults

and import/export translators, 5-1generate/update, 3-12in layout windows, 3-12in schematic windows, 3-12layers, 2-3layers, deleting, 2-4layout, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1

editing, 2-1modifying, 1-3setting, 1-3

design elementscreating incrementally, 3-12dual representation of, 3-12generating automatically, 3-12

design filesand layer files, 2-8and layer numbers, 2-8listing, 3-21searching for, 3-28

design generationcreating hierarchical designs, 3-23

Design Rule Checker. See DRC, 1-7Design/Parameters command, 3-23designs

creating hierarchy for repeated use, 4-11from layouts, 4-12hierarchical. See hierarchical designsregenerating, 3-21representation of, 3-27synchronization of, 1-1

DIFF command, 4-23differential coordinate readout, 1-5, 2-34Drag and Move command, 2-26DRC

arithmetic rounding errors, 2-30bin width, setting, 2-31Epsilon setting, 2-30memory management, 2-29

fringe, setting, 2-30tuning performance of, 2-31

dual representation, 2-20of design elements, 3-12

Dual Representation command, 3-17

Index-2

Eedge snap, 2-18Edit Annotation Attributes command, 4-21Edit Path/Trace command, 4-18editing

menus, 1-5text, 4-9

element setsand converting traces, 2-19

Enable Snap command, 2-17Entry Layer command, 2-4entry layers

changing, 2-6entry modes

polygons, 2-24Epsilon setting

DRC, 2-30equivalent items

schematic and layout, viewing, 4-10errors

translation, 5-2Explode command, 4-4

Ffiles

saving automatically, 2-25filling

and layers, 2-10patterns, HPGL, 2-10

filtersselection, changing, 4-1

fixed items, 3-12Flatten command, 4-10Flatten Hierarchy command, 3-26flattening

components, 5-3instances, 5-3

Force To Grid command, 4-9free items, 3-12, 3-13fringe setting

DRC, 2-30

Ggaps

in layouts, unintentional, 4-19leaving for artwork, 3-20

GDSIInumbers, using, 2-7

stream filesand layer numbers, 2-9exporting, 2-9reading and writing, 2-7

generate/updatedefaults, 3-12options, 3-12

generatingartwork

and Flatten command, 3-26global attributes control, 2-6grids

color, setting, 2-14forcing objects onto, 4-9setting preferences for layout, 2-13snap modes, 2-18spacing of, 2-18spacing, setting, 2-15visibility, setting, 2-14

groundssetting size of, 2-21

Hhierarchical designs

advantages of, 3-22and final artwork, 4-10and layer definitions, 2-8and parameters, 3-21and schematic considerations, 3-22creating, 3-21, 3-25

for repeated use, 3-27parametric subnetworks, 3-23

editing, 4-10flattening, 3-26, 4-10matching, 3-22via design generation, 3-23viewing hierarchy of, 3-25

hierarchieschanging display of, 2-31flattening, 5-3of translated layouts, 5-2removing, 5-3smashing, 5-3

Hierarchy command, 3-25Hierarchy dialog, 3-25holes

from polygons, 4-23

Index-3

HP Graphical Cell Compiler, 1-6

IIGES

numbers, using, 2-7Import command, 5-1incremental generation

of design elements, 3-12insertion layers

changing, 1-3instances

deleting, 4-10flattening, 5-3modifying, 3-23smashing, 5-3

JJoin command, 4-3junctions

avoiding problems with, 3-19

Llayer editor, 2-1layer files, 2-35, 2-36

and design files, 2-8format of, 2-9layout.lay, 2-9schematic.lay, 2-9

layersadding, 2-5and visibility, 2-10binding, 2-11changing defaults, 2-7component text, 2-27creating

reverse images of, 5-5default, 2-3defaults, 2-4defining, 2-3, 2-9

and ensuring compatibility, 2-8definitions, 2-3

viewing, 2-4deleting, 2-5existing file, using, 2-36item selectability, changing, 2-6item visibility, changing, 2-6limits, 2-4names, 2-9

numbers, 2-8, 2-9and GDSII stream format, 2-9changing, 2-8

port connections, defining, 2-5priority of, changing, 2-4protecting, 2-6, 2-10rearranging, 2-5removing, 2-8type, 2-11visibility, 2-4

Layers command, 2-4LAYERS_PATH, 2-8layout.lay, 2-8, 2-9layout-driven simulation

overview, 1-7layouts

connecting components, 4-11constraints, 1-7creating, 3-1

along with schematics, 3-11, 3-16directly, 3-1from schematics, 3-11, 3-14

defaults, 3-12environment, 3-1, 3-12existing setups. using, 2-36exporting, 5-1, 5-3files

layout.lay, 2-8global attributes, setting, 2-4hierarchical, 3-21importing, 5-1incremental, 3-20libraries, and defining layers, 2-8preferences, 2-3preferences, saving, 2-35preparing for translation, 5-3removing hierarchy, 5-3repeated use of, 3-22resolution units

setting, 2-32resolution, setting, 2-33setups, saving, 2-35translated

and hierarchies, 5-2saving, 5-2

translated, opening and viewing, 5-2translating, 5-6

Index-4

units, specifying size of, 2-13, 2-22updating, 1-1

librariescomponent

defining layers for, 2-7components, defining layers for, 2-7layout

reusable, 3-28sharing between designs, 3-28

of commonly used items, 3-28reusable designs, defining search path for,

3-28, 4-22search path, 3-28

licensesfor Design Rule Checker, 1-7releasing, 1-6

linesstyles, 2-4, 2-6

listingall design files, 3-21

logical commandsAND, 4-24DIFF, 4-22OR, 4-24XOR command, 4-25

Mmanufacturing processes

compensating for, 5-4markers

connection, setting, 2-22masks

and layout layers, 2-4memory management

DRC, 2-30Merge command, 4-2midpoint snap, 2-17Miter command, 4-6mitered edges

from vertices, 4-6models

editing, 1-5Move command, vertex, 4-5Move Edge command, 4-20

Nnetworks

creating parametric. See hierarchicaldesigns

storage of, 3-28nodal connections

and simulating traces, 2-19nodal mismatches, 4-11

Oobjects

and layout units, moving, 2-26and screen pixels, moving, 2-26moving, 4-9scaling, 4-7

optionspreferences, placement of, 3-17

Oversize command (scaling), 4-8

Pparameterized designs, 3-23paths

and bends, 4-17changing attributes of, 4-18converting to traces, 4-18described, 4-17drawing between two points, 4-17from traces, 4-16

physical designs, compiling, 1-7Pick and Place Report, 2-36pick regions

setting, 2-12pins, 3-3

and transmission lines, 4-13changing options of, 2-21connected

identifying, 3-3connections

setting color of, 2-22identifying connected and unconnected, 3-3snapping, 2-17, 4-11unconnected

identifying, 3-3viewing, 4-11

visibility, setting, 2-23pins/tees, setting size of, 2-22placement options

always design synchronize, 2-20dual representation, 2-20selecting, 2-20

Index-5

single representation, 2-20plotting

a closed object, 2-10Point commands, 4-20polygon

selection of, 2-11polygons

converting into holes, 4-23creating, 4-22manipulating, 4-2orthogonal entry mode, setting, 2-24self intersection checking, 2-24

polylinesdeleting, 4-5drawing, 3-5manipulating, 4-2orthogonal entry mode, setting, 2-24

Pop Out of Item command, 3-27ports

connections, defining, 2-5setting size of, 2-21

positional coordinate readout, 1-5, 2-34precision

changing, 4-9preferences

existing file, using, 2-36file, 2-35, 2-36file, reading, 2-36

Preferences for Layout dialog, 4-16Print command, 3-26process offsets

adding, 5-4Push Into Item command, 3-27

Rreal memory

DRC, 2-30Release Layout License command, 1-6resolution

setting, 2-32reverse images

creating, 5-5RF PCB designs

considerations, 4-16rotation

increments, setting, 2-25

SScale command, 4-8scaling, 4-8

factors, setting, 2-31schematic.lay, 2-9schematics

and artwork elements, 3-20creating

from a layout, 1-7defaults, 3-12updating, 1-1

screen pixelsspecifying size of, 2-13, 2-22

search pathsdefining for libraries of reusable designs,

3-28, 4-22library, 3-28modifying, 3-28

Select command, 2-11self intersections

checking for polygons, setting, 2-24Set Origin command, 4-9shapes

copying to new layers, 5-4defining display of, 2-4defining size, 1-5displaying, 2-4, 2-6drawing, 3-1, 3-4

by entering coordinates, 3-6editing, 1-5, 4-1, 4-2inserting

in a layout, 1-4merging, 3-4, 5-4non-orthogonal entry mode, setting, 2-24resizing, 5-4selecting, 4-1, 4-11stretching, 3-4stretching edges of, 4-7terminating draw command, 3-4

Show Equivalent Item command, 4-10simulate

and transmission lines, 4-16SIMULATOR_AEL, 3-28single representation, 2-20slivers

eliminating, 2-25smash instances, 5-3

Index-6

SMT Package Layout Artwork Library, 8-1snap

pin, 4-11snap modes

layout, setting for, 2-16priority of, setting, 2-17, 2-18spacing, setting, 2-15

spikeseliminating, 2-25

status report for design synchronizationautomatcially displaying, 3-14

stepsand transmission lines, 3-19avoiding problems with, 3-19elements, 3-20

storage per areaDRC memory management, 2-30

Stretch command, 4-7subnetworks

and traces, 4-15assigning symbols to, 3-27creating, 4-15location of, 3-28

substrate referencesand converting traces, 2-19

symbolsto represent designs, 3-27

synchronizerepresentations, 2-20

TTap Transmission Line command, 4-13taper elements, 3-20target representations

generating automatically, 3-12tees

changing options, 2-21connections, setting color of, 2-22elements

and transmission lines, 3-19text

adding to designs, 3-6changing attributes of, 3-7, 4-21component

setting attributes of, 2-26components

setting layers for, 2-27definition

font, 2-27height, 2-27

editing, 3-7, 4-9fonts and height, setting, 2-26typed-in, changing attributes, 2-27

To Arc command, 4-6traces

and bends, 4-17and restrictions, 4-14and subnetworks, 4-15and wires, 4-13changing attributes of, 4-18converting

explicitly, 4-14to paths, 4-16to transmission lines, 2-18, 4-14

described, 4-13from paths, 4-18from transmission line elements, 4-16from wires, 4-20modifying, 4-16simulating, 4-16to represent electrical connectivity, 3-4

translatinglayouts, 5-6

translation errors, 5-2transmission lines

and simulation, 4-16and steps, 3-19and taper elements, 3-20and traces, 4-13components

replacing, 4-12connecting, 3-19converting traces to, 2-18creating, 4-12described, 4-12discontinuity between, 3-20elements

and traces, 2-19assigning layers for, 2-7converting to traces, 4-16single, 2-19

from traces, 4-14splitting, 4-12stretching, 4-13

Index-7

UUndo command, 2-25undo edits

setting count for, 2-25Undo Vertex command, 3-5units

and changing the design, 4-9changing

cautions, 2-33units/scale factors

setting, 2-31unplaced items

managing, 3-18showing, 3-18

Vvertex points

deleting, 3-4moving, 3-4

verticesadding

to polygons, 4-4to polylines, 4-4

convertingto a mitered edge, 4-6to arcs, 4-6

deleting, 3-5, 4-4, 4-5distance of, 2-25editing, 4-4manipulating, 4-4markers

setting size of, 2-13moving, 4-4, 4-5points

deleting, 3-4moving, 3-4

selecting, 4-4snapping, 2-17

Wwires

and moving artwork, 4-19and simulating circuits, 2-24, 4-19and traces, 4-13annotation, routing around, 2-24connecting pins and components, 4-11connectingcomponents with, 4-19

connections, preserving, 2-24converting to traces, 4-20drawing, 4-19in layouts, 4-11orthogonal entry mode, setting, 2-24re-routing, 2-24stretching, 4-20

Index-8

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