advanced gis using esri arcgis 9.3 3d analyst part 2

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Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

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Page 1: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

AdvancedGIS

UsingESRI ArcGIS 9.3

3D Analystpart 2

Page 2: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

TINs are very slow to generate and refresh

Therefore, once created, it is strongly suggested to rasterize them creating grids of elevations (i.e. raster Digital Elevation Models – DEMs)

Page 3: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

When rasterizing, it is instrumental for a good result to optimize the cell dimension, basing upon source resolution, scale of the final layout etc.

Obviously, the size of the resulting raster will depend upon the selected cell size

Page 4: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

Result

Page 5: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

The default color ramp for the resulting raster is the gray scale; generally, it is better to change it, also using a stratch metod capable of optimizing the visualization

Page 6: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

6 types of stretches are available:

None

Custom

Standard deviations

Histogram equalize

Maximum-minimum

Histogram specification

Page 7: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

Stretching

None

No stretch will be applied

The lowest value in the range will be represented with the starting color and the highest DN with the ending color.Equal differences of DN will always result in equal distances along the color ramp.

Page 8: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

Stretching

Maximum-minimum

Same as “None”, but minimum and maximum values can be edited; DNs will be subject to linear stretch accordingly

Page 9: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

Stretching

Standard deviations

Colors will be non-linearly stretched basing upon fractions of the standard deviation of the distribution of the source values.

Page 10: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

Stretching

Histogram equalize

Colors will be distributed according to the distribution of DNs; therefore, ranges with frequent values will show a larger difference in color than an equally wide range of less frequent values

Page 11: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

Stretching

Custom

The relationship between DN and color will be determined by a curve/polyline freely edited on the histogram

Page 12: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

Stretching

Histogramspecification

Allows to load a previously saved mode for stretching

Page 13: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

TIN derived maps

It is possible to rasterize maps of slope angle or aspect (i.e. the modular and directional values of the vector representing the first derivative of the elevation z with respect to the planimetric position x,y) directly from a TIN

Page 14: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

TIN derived maps

Slope angle

Page 15: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystTIN to Raster

TIN derived maps

Slope aspect

Page 16: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

Slope angle and aspect

Slope angle and aspect can be calculated (from a TIN or a tingrid) also using the “Surface analysis” set of tools

Page 17: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

Hillshade

The same set of tools allow also to generate a shaded map, created according to a light source, freely located in the 3D space above the 3D model.The default position is N315° (i.e. NW) with a zenith of 45°.

Page 18: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

Hillshade

Result

Page 19: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

“Relief”

Combining the hillshade map with the tingrid with proper transparency, a map effectively depicting the relief can be created.This will be displayed much faster than the shaded TIN.

Page 20: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

Contours

TIN and tingrids can also be used to generate vector contour maps. The base contour and interval can be freely chosen.

Page 21: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

Contours

Result

Page 22: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

Viewshed

It is also possible to delineate the areas visible from the feature(s) contained in a 3D shapefile.

Page 23: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

Viewshed

Result

Page 24: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

Area and Volume

It is possible to calculate area and volume for a 3D surface located either above or under a given elevation.It is also possible to store the above values in a text file

Page 25: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

Cut / Fill

It is possible to compare two TINs (or tingrids) of the same area to highlight local differences in elevation, storing the result as a raster file.

Page 26: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystSurface analysis

TIN derived maps

Cut / Fill

Result

Page 27: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystReclassify

TIN derived maps

It is possible to recassify a ruaster, passing from continuous values to classes

Page 28: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystReclassify

Example of reclassification of a slope angle map

Page 29: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystReclassify

Example of reclassification of a slope angle map

Result

Page 30: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystConvert

2D features to 3D

Adds the “Z value” to any 2D vector feature, generally extracting it from a TIN

Page 31: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystConvert

Raster to TIN

A TIN will be created connecting the center of each cell at the elevation stored in it.Almost never used.

Page 32: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystConvert

TIN to Features

Converts the information stored into the TIN into Polygon or Point features

Page 33: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystConvert

TIN to Features

Converts the information stored into the TIN into Polygon or Point features

Page 34: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystConvert

TIN to Features

Converts a raster to a Polygon or Polyline or Point feature.

Will be discussed in the Spatial Analyst, as well as the Interpolation

Page 35: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystOptions

General

Page 36: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystOptions

Extent

Page 37: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystOptions

Cell Size

Page 38: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Page 39: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Contours

Creates a contour passing from a point (selected clicking on the map)

Page 40: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Contours

Creates a contour passing from a point (selected clicking on the map)

Page 41: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Steepest Path

Creates a line following the steepest path from a selected point

Page 42: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Line of Sight

Creates a straight line connecting two points (different color where underground)

Page 43: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Interpolate Point

Creates a 3D point where clicked desuming the z value from the active TIN (or tingrid).

Page 44: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Interpolate point

When editing a 3D Point shapefile, the point will be stored in it.

Page 45: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Interpolate Line

Creates a 3D polyline where clicked desuming the z values from the active TIN (or tingrid).

When editing a 3D Polyline shapefile, the polyline will be stored in it.

Page 46: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Interpolate Polygon

Creates a 3D polygon where clicked desuming the z values fot its boundary from the active TIN (or tingrid).

When editing a 3D Polygon shapefile, the polygon will be stored in it.

Page 47: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Once interpolated (and selected) a Line, a profile graph will be created

Page 48: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Page 49: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Properties

Series

Page 50: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Properties

Appearance

Page 51: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Properties

Appearance

Page 52: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

General

Page 53: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Axis - Scales

Page 54: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Axis – Title 1

Page 55: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Axis – Title 2

Page 56: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Axis – Labels 1

Page 57: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Axis – Labels 2

Page 58: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Axis – Ticks

Page 59: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Axis – Minor

Page 60: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Axis - Position

Page 61: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Titles - Style

Page 62: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Titles - Format

Page 63: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Titles - Gradient

Page 64: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Titles - Shadow

Page 65: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Legend - Style

Page 66: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Legend - Symbols

Page 67: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Panel - Background

Page 68: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Panel - Borders

Page 69: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Paging

Page 70: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Walls

Page 71: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Data

Page 72: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Themes

Page 73: Advanced GIS Using ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 3D Analyst part 2

3D AnalystIcons

Create Profile Graph

Right clicking on the graph, it is possible to manage it

Advanced Properties

Themes