advantages and dis of new technology

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Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Library Research

Recent technological advances have created the possibility of new

ways of teaching and learning. However, taking full advantage of this

potential requires faculty to think about the teaching/learning process in

new ways as well as to master the technology itself. This article presents a

conceptualization of the ways technology might enhance student learning,

reviews what is known about the adoption of educational uses of

information technology by faculty, and provides a list of orld ide eb

!" sites and bibliographical references for further e#ploration of the

instructional uses of technology.

$nstructional technology creates a whole new world of possibilities

for teaching and learning. %s illiam &eoghegan pointed out in '((),

however, only a very small proportion of faculty are actively using

instructional technology, and these tend to be *innovators* or *early

adopters* rather than *mainstream* faculty.

The Revolution weakened ties with +ritish scientists, disrupted

colleges, subected scienti-c centers to sporadic enemy occupation, and

impoverished, distracted, or commandeered scientists. +ut the Revolution

also broadened intellectual and cultural horizons and challenged in the


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'0s to prove that freedom nurtured science. 1ew museums, ournals,

societies, and colleges sprang up. %lthough the initial postwar fervor soon

cooled, the vision persisted. ith little help from science, postwar

technology 2ourished. 3ngland4s $ndustrial Revolution pointed the way,

and an elastic market freed from class inhibitions called for labor5saving

machinery. Transplanted +ritish engineers, mechanics, and artisans added

a leaven. The patent system, economic e#pansion, and natural resources

encouraged homegrown tinkerers, and %merican distances induced a

transportation revolution that in turn brought forth native engineers and

technical schools in the early years of the nineteenth century.

The internet is an important source of up5to5date medical

information. %lthough several studies in di6erent countries have e#plored

the e#tent to which health science students use the computer and the

internet, few researches are available on this subect in 1igeria. The aim

of this study was to assess the uptake of computer and internet by health

science students studying in the country.

Stateent Of The !rob"e

This paper seeks to give study about the advantages and

disadvantages of new technology speci-c answer to the following 7

'. hat is 8omputer Technology 9

:. hat are the advantage of 8omputer9

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;. hat are the importance among students9

Signi#cance of the Library Research

$n this aspect, it is e#pected that to enumerate the sectors or

groups of people whom they believe will bene-t to their study. The

researcher, however point the importance and value of the study to

di6erent group of people such as the community, the students, the youth,

and even the nursing students particularly on the importance of science

and technology among the nurses.

Scope and Liitations

The scope of the research or study is about the importance of

computer technology among the students. $t also indicates the nature of

technology.

De#nition of Ters

$%pansion The phase of the business cycle when the

economy moves from a trough to a peak. $t is a

period when business activity surges and gross

domestic product e#pands until it reaches a

peak. %lso known as an *economic recovery

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Internet %n interconnected system of networks that

connects computers around the world via the

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Chapter '

DISCUSSION

Ne( Techno"ogy

%dvances in telecommunication technology in the last two decades

have led to the development of computer networks that allow access to

vast amount of information and services. =f the many computer networks

that have been developed, the most prominent and widespread is the

$nternet, a global network of networks that enables computers of all kinds

to directly and transparently communicate throughout the world. This

4global network of networks4 has been described as the 4$nformation >uper5

highway4 or 4$nfobahn4 because it constitutes a shared global resource of

knowledge, and means of collaboration and co5operation in diverse

communities. $t is an open and unregulated community of people who

communicate freely across an international electronic computer network?.

$t is simply the linking together of individual computers in a network.

The $nternet was originally conceived by the @nited >tates of

%merica4s military in the si#ties, as a means of ensuring a workable

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communication system in the event of a strike by enemy missiles or

forces. $t has grown over the years to include academic and government

computers as well as any one who owns a computer, a modem and an

account with an $nternet >ervice


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schedule and at a place that they did not have to commute to attend?.

=nline learning also assists students with the practical application of

theoretical knowledge of some aspects of medicine such as cardiology.

)d&antages of Techno"ogy

Cespite these advantages, online learning has certain limitations.

Dor e#ample, some students have complained of insuEcient time and

limited computer access. =thers claimed that this mode of instruction lack

interactivity among students and between the students and the instructor

that would be achieved in the ideal classroom setting. $nternet

teleconferencing, however, appears to o6er for real5time interactive

classroom meeting on the $nternet. $n addition, visual learners were more

apt than audio learners to gain from online learning?. =n5line learning has

also been found to be consumer focused and many perceive online

advertisement to be distracting. Dinally, the information available on the

$nternet can be overwhelming for students who lack the skills for verifying

the quality of information available on5line.

hile several researches have e#plored the e#tent to which health

science students use $nternet services in many countries, few of such

studies are currently available in 1igeria. The aim of this study is to assess

the level of computer and $nternet use amongst -rst year 8linical students

and students 1urses studying .

There have been rapid advances in communication and information

technology, in the past few years and the pervasion of the orld ide

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eb into everyday life has important implications for medical education.

The use of the computer and the $nternet technology by health science

students will result in more e6ective medical education, including

teaching, medical e#amination, and diagnosis of disease. However, these

gains will only occur when students have increased access to this

technology. $n this study, only );F of the sample could use the computer.

This -gure is lower than the )F of undergraduate students in &lasgow,

@nited Gingdom !@G" ()F of medical students from eddah, >audi %rabia?

and (AF undergraduate dental students in =ulu, Dinland. >imilar studies

have found higher proportion of students had used the computer7 I' F

medical students from Balaysia, 0F -nal year medical students from

Jagos, 1igeria. The relatively lower proportion of those who could use the

computer in this study may be a re2ection of a limited access to

computers among -rst year health sciences students. The relatively high

cost of this product within the country is one of the primary reasons for

this situation. $ncreased funding to @niversities by government and 1on5

&overnmental %gencies !1&%" is likely to solve this problem. This would

enable 1igerian universities to set5up computer laboratories in various

faculties where students can have full access to $nternet services as it is

done in other countries including %merica.

Bore medical students, than student nurses had used both the

computer and the $nternet. $n addition, more medical students than

student nurses regularly obtained health5related information from the

$nternet. >imilar -ndings have been reported in &lasgow where more

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medical students than nursing students had used the computer and the

$nternet. =ther investigators have reported similar -ndings. $n this survey,

medical students may have had greater appreciation of the relevance of

the $nternet to their education since they have spent some part of their

undergraduate years on the main campus of the @niversity of $badan.

Thus, many of them may have come to see the $nternet as a valued

source of information for their training. =n the other hand, maority of the

student nurses may not have had the opportunity to use the $nternet since

they have ust recently left secondary school for the school of nursing. $t is

also possible that the importance of the $nternet has not been emphasized

in their previous and present education.

35mail was the most popular of the $nternet services used by the

students. This is comparable to previous studies where e5mail use was

high !F" among medical students in. 35mail is the fastest and cheapest

means of electronic communication in the world today. %ccess to this

service has increased in recent years in 1igeria due to the proliferation of

cyber cafes in many towns and cities, which in turn has reduced the cost

of this service. However, access to e5mail services is not readily available

to many people living in rural areas of the country.

The use of the computer and $nternet is rapidly becoming a key

component of medical education in many parts of the world. %lthough the

$nternet is an important source of medical information, -rst year medical

and nursing students, have not fully utilized these facilities. $ncreased

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funding, introduction of computer education into e#isting medical and

nursing curricular would enhance students4 ability to acquire, appraise,

and use information from the $nternet to solve health problems quickly

and eEciently during training and practice.

Use of the coputer

The students4 ability and pattern of use of the computer is

presented in Table :. =verall, only ):.IF of the sample could use the

computer, A.)F could not. Bore than half !AF" of the medical students

are computer literate, A.(F of the student are not. Baority !I(.F" of

the student nurses who cannot use the computer claimed that they do not

have access to a computer system. The ):F of the medical students who

cannot do so said they do not have the time to learn how to use it. %mong

computer literate students, Bicrosoft ord was the most popular !II.:F"

software ever used, followed by ord


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of the ''' students who had ever used the $nternet claimed that someone

assisted them, AA.(F completed the task on their own. The 8yber cafK is

the common place !.;F" where students had accessed $nternet

services. 8oncerning search engines used, Lahoo is the most popular

!(.'F", which was used by (;.F student nurses and medical students

!.;F". Baority of the students, !I.AF student nurses and :F medical

students" have not searched a database before

Disad&antages of Ne( techno"ogy

=ften, our television programs, music and video games portray

e#tremely violent content. This violence is often viewed to negatively

a6ect people, and even to spark violence in peaceful people. Bany groups

and individuals protest this media violence. These protests have been

backed up with over a thousand studies. The studies of the anti5media

violence groups have determined that the increase of violence in media

has a direct e6ect on youth, creating and inspiring violence for their entire

lives.

+y the age of ', the typical person in %merica has been discovered

to view as many as )0,000 killings and :00,000 acts of violence on

television. $t has been found that most of a persons learning takes place

before age ', and with that being so centered on violence, children are

being trained towards violence. 8hildren who view violence on television

are found to be more violent, not only as children, but also later, as adults.

ith all of this violence around people, they are also being desensitized to

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it. hen anyone is e#posed to something continually for a long period of

time, they are gradually desensitized to it. This means that these constant

images of violence create a de-cit of fear or respect of use of violence.

ith no respect for violence, people will be less likely to question real acts

of violence, and will be more likely to think violence is a reasonable

solution to problems. This desensitization also broadens the a6ects of

violence to people of all ages, not only children. Therefore, the thousands

of violent images that are common to this country are a contribution to

much of the countryMs violence, and a very large contribution to the new

generationsM violent acts.

Ci6erent media industries use many di6erent Nshock tacticsO to

gain audience numbers and increase pro-t. The video games industries

are one of the most accused for these violence. Pideo game companies

often use violence as the main element of their games.


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arcraft and 8ounterstrike, all drawing their own loyal fanatics a few

years ago. Ragnarok online is the BB=R


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internet, few researches are available on this subect in 1igeria. The aim

of this study was to assess the uptake of computer and internet by health

science students studying in the country.

Cespite these advantages, online learning has certain limitations.

Dor e#ample, some students have complained of insuEcient time and

limited computer access =thers claimed that this mode of instruction lack

interactivity among students and between the students and the instructor

that would be achieved in the ideal classroom setting . $nternet

teleconferencing, however, appears to o6er for real5time interactive

classroom meeting on the $nternet. $n addition, visual learners were more

apt than audio learners to gain from online learning.

Conc"usion

Dirst year students have not fully utilized the opportunity that the

use of computer and internet o6er for medical education. $mproved e6orts

such as inclusion of computer education in curricular and establishment of

computer laboratories are required to increase the student4s access to

computers and internet.

Recoendation

The researcher recommended that science and technology have a

bene-ts that society can derive from advances in science and technology.

They reaErmed that knowledge creation and di6usion are increasingly

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important drivers of innovation, sustainable economic growth and social

well5being. They emphasised the importance of ensuring the long term

sustainability of the research enterprise and the need to involve civil

society and business more e6ectively in the governance of public

research.

BIBLIO/R)!0-

Books

The $nternet >ociety. hat is the $nternet9 :00:.

http7//www.isoc.org/internet/

8oiera 3. Bedical informatics. +B. '((A+17';'S';I.


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Bckenzie, +8. Bedicine and the internet7 introducing on5line resources

and terminology. 1ew5Lork, =#ford @niversity T3R1 @1$P3R>$TL

Cagupan 8ity

16
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7503911http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7503911http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1857274http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7503911http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7503911http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1857274


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T0$ )D6)NT)/$S )NDDIS)D6)NT)/$SO7 N$8 T$C09

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Table of 8ontentsUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU..

iv

8hapter ' $1TR=C@8T$=1

+ackground of the Jibrary ResearchUUUUUUUUUU '

>tatement of the igni-cance of the Jibrary ResearchUUUUUUUUUU :

>cope and JimitationsUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU U

;

Ce-nition of TermsUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU ;

8hapter : C$>8@>>$=1

$n2uence of Television program A

36ects of Television @BB%RL, 8=18J@>$=1> %1C R38=BB31C%T$=1>

>ummary UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

':

8onclusionsUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

':

RecommendationsUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

';

+ibliographyUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

';

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)ckno("edgeent

The researcher would like to thank who helped her and to

encourage her to -nish this term paper to make it successful one.

To her 3nglish $nstructor, Brs. &eraldine delos Reyes for

encouragement and guiding her to make this research paper complete

and for all the suggestions, comments and support in order to improve

this paper.

To all of her friends who are always here at her side when he used

to talk to. %nd to his parents for the -nancial support.

%nd above all to our Jord &od %lmighty, who showered her with

wonderful gift and blessings and strength to surpass problems and

obstacles that come in her way.

Grizzel %nne B. 8astillo

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Dedication

This paper is lovingly dedicated to the following7 To my parents,

friends and colleagues By inspiration, to my

$nstructor5 Brs. &eraldine delos Reyes

to my %lma Bater, %bove all5555

To %lmighty &od...

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advantages and dis of new technology

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