advantages and disadvantages of globalization2
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GlobalTRANSCRIPT
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3/6/2015 AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofGlobalization
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantagesanddisadvantagesofglobalization.html 1/3
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AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofGlobalizationTheworldhasbecomesmallerandcloser,allthankstoglobalization.Themodernblazingword,globalizationistheamalgamationofthe home countrywiththeworldeconomy.
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Globalizationpullsthecountriesout,fromtheirdetachmentintothecompetitiveworld.Ajourneytowardsnewcollaborationsandunity,ithaschangedtheworldintoaglobalvillage. Both distanceandisolationhavebeenterrificallyreduced.
Globalizationintegratestrade,technology,investments,andthemobilefactorsofproductionlikelaborandcapital.AlltypesofgoodsrangingfromCocaCola,Sprite,LouisPhilippeshirts,MarieClairebags,Policesunglasses,toAdidasandNikeshoesareallavailableineverymarketglobally,all credit toglobalization.
Globalizationhasbeenquiteadebatablesubject.Whilesomeareoftheopinionthatithasalotofilleffectsuponthesociety,thereexistsotherswhofeelexactlytheopposite.Someopinethatithasmadelifeextremelyeasierandcomfortable.Ithashoweveraffectedthe consumers andbusinessesdifferently.Forabetterpicture,letustakealookatsomeoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofglobalization.
AdvantagesofGlobalization
EmploymentConsideredasoneofthemostcrucialadvantages,globalizationhasledtothegenerationofnumerous employment opportunities.Companiesaremovingtowardsthedevelopingcountriestoacquirelaborforce.Thisobviouslycaterstoemploymentandincomegenerationtothepeopleinthehostcountry.Also,themigrationofpeople,whichhasbecomeeasierhasledtobetterjobsopportunities.
EducationAverycriticaladvantagethathasaidedthepopulationisthespreadof education .Withnumerouseducationalinstitutionsaroundtheglobe,onecanmoveoutfromthehomecountryforbetteropportunitieselsewhere.Thus,integratingwithdifferentcultures,meetingandlearningfromvariouspeoplethroughthemediumofeducationisallduetoglobalization.Developingcountriesorlaborintensivecountrieshavebenefitedthemost.
ProductQualityTheonsetof internationaltrade hasgivenriseto intense competitioninthemarkets.Nolongerdoesonefindlimitednumberofcommoditiesavailable.A particularcommoditymayfetchhundredsofoptionswithdifferentprices.Theproductqualityhasbeenenhancedsoastoretainthecustomers.Todaythecustomersmaycompromisewiththepricerangebutnotwiththequalityoftheproduct.Loworpoorqualitycanadverselyaffect consumer satisfaction.
CheaperPricesGlobalizationhasbroughtinfiercecompetitioninthemarkets. Since therearevaried products toselectfrom,theproducercansustainonlywhentheproductiscompetitivelypriced.Thereiseverypossibilitythatacustomermayswitchovertoanotherproduceriftheproductispricedexorbitantly.'CustomeristheKing',andhencecandictatethetermstoaverylargeextent.Therefore,affordablepricinghasbenefitedtheconsumerinagreatway.
FreeMovementof CapitalCapital,thebackboneofeveryeconomy,isofprimeimportancefortheproperfunctioningoftheeconomy.Today,transferringmoneythrough banks ispossiblejustbytheclickofabutton,allduetotheelectronictransferthathasmadelifeverycomfortable.Manyhugefirmsareinvestinginthedevelopingcountriesbysettingupindustrialunitsoutsidetheirhomecountry.ThisleadstoForeignDirectInvestment,whichhelpsinpromotingeconomicgrowthinthehostcountry.
CommunicationInformationtechnologyhasplayedavitalroleinbringingthecountriescloserintermsofcommunication.Everysingleinformationiseasilyaccessiblefromalmosteverycorneroftheworld.Circulationofinformationisnolongeratedioustask,andcanhappeninseconds.TheInternethassignificantlyaffectedtheglobaleconomy,therebyprovidingdirectaccesstoinformationand products .
TransportationConsideredasthewheelofeverybusinessorganization,connectivitytovariouspartsoftheworldisnomoreaseriousproblem.Todaywithvariousmodesoftransportationavailable,onecanconvenientlydelivertheproductstoacustomerlocatedatanypartoftheworld.Besides,otherinfrastructuralfacilitieslike,distribution,supplychain,andlogisticshavebecomeextremelyefficientandfast.
InternationalTradePurchaseandsaleofcommoditiesarenottheonlytwotransactionsinvolvedin internationaltrade .Today,internationaltradehasbroadeneditshorizonwiththehelpofbusinessprocessoutsourcing.Sometimesinordertoconcentrateonaparticularsegmentofbusinessitisapracticetooutsourcecertainservices.SomecountriespracticefreetradewithminimalrestrictionsonEXIM(exportimport)policies.Thishasprovedbeneficialtobusinesses.
GDPIncreaseGrossDomesticProduct,commonlyknownasGDP,isthemoneyvalueofthefinalgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthedomesticterritoryofthecountryduringanaccountingyear.Asthemarkethaswidened,thescopeanddemandforaproducthasincreased.Producersfamiliarizetheirproductsandservicesaccordingtotherequirementsofvariouseconomiestherebytappingtheuntappedmarkets.Thus,thefinaloutcomeintermsoffinancialgainenhancestheGDPofthecountry.Ifstatisticsareofanyindication,theGDPofthedevelopingcountrieshasincreasedtwiceasmuchasbefore.
DisadvantagesofGlobalization
HealthIssuesGlobalizationhasgivenrisetomorehealthrisksandpresentsnewthreatsandchallengesforepidemics.AverycustomaryexampleisthedawnofHIV/AIDS.HavingitsorigininthewildernessofAfrica,thevirushasspreadlikewildfirethroughouttheglobeinnotime.Fooditemsarealsotransportedtovariouscountries,andthisisamatterofconcern,especiallyincaseofperishableitems.Thesafetyregulationsandthestandardsoffoodpreparationaredifferentindifferentcountries,whichmay
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3/6/2015 AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofGlobalization
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poseagreatrisktopotentialhealthhazards.
LossofCultureConventionally,peopleofaparticularcountryfollowitscultureandtraditionsfromtimeimmemorial.Withlargenumberofpeoplemovingintoandoutofacountry,theculturetakesabackseat.Peoplemayadapttothecultureoftheresidentcountry.Theytendtofollowtheforeignculturemore,forgettingtheirownroots.Thiscangiverisetoculturalconflicts.
UnevenWealthDistributionItissaidthatthericharegettingricherwhilethepooraregettingpoorer.Intherealsense,globalizationhasnotbeenabletoreducepoverty.Insteadithasledtotheaccumulationofwealthandpowerinthehandsofafewdevelopedeconomies.Thereforethegapbetweentheeliteandtheunderprivilegedseemstobeaneverendingroad,eventuallyleadingtoinequality.
EnvironmentDegradationTheindustrialrevolutionhaschangedtheoutlookoftheeconomy.Industriesareusingnaturalresourcesbymeansofmining,drilling,etc.whichputsaburdenontheenvironment.Naturalresourcesaredepletingandareonthevergeofbecomingextinct.Deforestationispracticedowingtothenonavailabilityofland,therebydrasticallyreducingtheforestcover.Thisinturncreatesanimbalanceintheenvironmentleadingtoclimatechangeandoccurrenceofnaturalcalamities.
DisparityThoughglobalizationhasopenednewavenueslikewidermarketsandemployment,therestillexistsadisparityinthedevelopmentoftheeconomies.Structuralunemploymentowestothedisparitycreated.Developedcountriesaremovingtheirfactoriestoforeigncountrieswherelaborischeaplyavailable.Thehostcountrygenerateslessrevenues,andamajorshareoftheprofitsfallintothehandsoftheforeigncompany.Theymakehumongousprofitstherebycreatingahugeincomegapbetweenthedevelopedandthedevelopingcountries.
CutthroatCompetitionOpeningthedoorsofinternationaltradehasgivenbirthtointensecompetition.Thishasaffectedthelocalmarketsdramatically.Inrecenttimesthestandardoflivinghasimproved.Peoplearethereforereadytoshelloutextramoneyforaproductthatmaybeavailableatalowerprice.Thisisbecauseofthemodernmarketingtechniqueslikeadvertisingandbranding.Thelocalplayerstherebysufferhugelossesastheylackthepotentialtoadvertiseorexporttheirproductsonalargescale.Thereforethedomesticmarketsshrink.
ConflictsEveryeconomywantstobeatthetopspotandbetheleader.Thefastpacedeconomies,thatisthedevelopedcountriesarevyingtobethesupremepower.Ithasgivenrisetoterrorismandotherformsofviolence.Suchactsnotonlycauselossofhumanlifebutalsohugeeconomiclosses.
MonopolyMonopolyisasituationwhereinonlyonesellerhasasayinaparticularproductorproducts.Itispossiblethatwhenaproductistheleaderinitsfield,thecompanymaybegintoexploittheconsumers.Asthereexistsnoclosecompetitors,theleadertakesfulladvantageofthesaleofitsproduct,whichmaylaterleadtoillegalandunethicalpracticesbeingfollowed.Monopolyisdisastrousasitwidensthegapbetweenthedevelopedanddevelopingcountries.
Inthecurrentscenario,thekeytointernationalsuccessis globalmarketing . Globalmarketing isthecompetencyofaneconomytomarketitsproductinalmosteverycountry.Itisofutmostimportanceiftheproducthastomakeamarkandsustainglobally.Acarmanufacturerinonecountrywillmanufactureitsproductinadifferentwaythanacarmanufacturerinanothercountry.Butifboththemanufacturerswanttoselltheircarinathirdcountrythenitmusthaveaglobalappeal.Globalmarketinghasmadeknowntothecustomertheexistenceandbenefitsofaproductinthemarketgivingtheproductanidentity.Atthesametime,ithasfailedtokeepinmindthewantsandneedsofeveryconsumer,whichareunlimitedandseveral.
AdvantagesofGlobalMarketing
LowerMarketingCosts:Ifwearetoconsiderthelumpsumcost,thenitisobviouslyhigh,butthesamecostskyrocketsifthecompanyhastomarketaproductdifferentlyineverycountry.Globalmarketinghasloweredthecostofmarketingasthereexistsauniformityinsellingtheproducts.
GlobalScope:Thescopeofglobalmarketingissolargethatitbecomesauniqueexperience.Fullcredittothemoderndaytechnology,thescopeandreachofaproducthasbecomeextremelywide.
BrandImage:Consumerstodayaremorebrandconscious.Globalmarketingallowstohaveaconsistentimageineveryregionwheretheproductexists.Thisaidstheconsumerswhoareextremelybrandloyalwithrespecttocertainproducts.
QuickandEfficientUseofIdeas:Inthisfastpacedworld,onlyaglobalentitythatisabletouseamarketingideaanddesignitintoastrategy,toimplementonaglobalscale,canbesuccessful.
DisadvantagesofGlobalMarketing
InconsistencyinConsumerNeeds:Globalmarketingmustbeabletoadapttotheneedsofconsumerslocatedindifferentcountries.TheneedsofanAmericanconsumerwillbedifferentfromaSouthAfricanconsumer.Adifficultcall,failuretoaddressitleadstobadmarketingskills.
ConsumerResponseInconsistency:Consumerresponsesaredifferentandvaryfromconsumertoconsumerandcountrytocountry.Aconsumerinonecountrymayreactdifferentlycomparedtoaconsumerinanothercountry.
CountrySpecific:AJapanesemightlikeaproducttohaveatraditionaltouch,whereasanAmericanmightliketohavearetromodernlooktoit.Inthiscase,aglobalstrategyforthesameproductisdifficulttodevise.
TheLawsoftheLand:Thecompanypoliciesmaybeaccordingtothelawsofthehostcountry.Thustheoverseaslawsmayconflictwiththecompanypolicies.InfrastructuralDifferences:Infrastructuralfacilitiesinonecountryisdifferentfromanothercountry.Thiscouldhampertheprocessinonecountryandaccelerateinanother.Globalstrategycannotbeconsistentinsuchascenario.
Likeacoinhavingtwosides,globalizationtoohasitsplusesandminuses.Currently,globalizationisatitspeak.Industriestappingthenewmarketsneedtokeepinmindthelocalcultureandsentimentsofthepeople.Monopolybygiantplayersmustnotbepracticedandthelocalplayersmustnotbestifled.Fairtradedealingsandethicalpracticeswhenfollowed,wouldalwaysprovethatglobalizationisaboonandnotabanetosociety.
ByVipulLovekar
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3/6/2015 AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofGlobalization
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantagesanddisadvantagesofglobalization.html 3/3
LastUpdated:January30,2013
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