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FREE MONTHLY MAGAZINE - ISSUE 001-NOVEMBER 2014

FREE MONTHLY MAGAZINE - ISSUE 001-NOVEMBER PAGE No. 2

UNDERWATER DIVING

Underwater diving is the practice of going underwater, either

with breathing apparatus (scuba diving and surface supplied

diving) or by breath-holding (freediving). Atmospheric diving

suits may be used to isolate the diver from the effects of high

ambient pressure, or the saturation diving technique can be

used to reduce the risk of decompression sickness after deep

dives.

Diving activities are restricted to relatively shallow depths, as

even armored atmospheric diving suits are unable to withstand

the pressures of the deeper waters of the world. Diving is also

restricted to conditions which are not excessively hazardous,

though the level of risk acceptable to the diver can vary con-

siderably. Occasionally divers may dive in liquids other than

water.

The term deep sea diving refers to underwater diving, usually

with surface supplied equipment, and often refers specifically

to the use of standard diving dress with the traditional copper

helmet. Hard hat diving is any form of diving with a helmet, including the standard copper helmet, other forms of free -

flow helmet and lightweight demand helmets.

Recreational diving is a popular activity (also called sports diving or subaquatics). Technical diving is a branch of recrea-

tional diving. Professional diving (commercial diving, diving for scientific research purposes or diving for financial gain)

takes a range of diving activities to the underwater work site. Public safety diving is the underwater work done by law

enforcement, fire rescue, and search & rescue/recovery dive teams, and may be done by professionals or volunteers. Mil-

itary diving includes combat diving, clearance diving and ship's husbandry diving. Underwater sports is a group of com-

petitive sports using either free-diving, snorkelling or scuba technique, or a combination of these techniques. Training,

types of equipment used and breathing gases used depend on the type of diving.

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DIVE SITES

The common term for a place at which one may dive is a dive site. These are restricted by accessibility and risk, but may in-

clude water and occasionally other liquids. Most underwater diving is done in the shallower coastal parts of the oceans, and

inland bodies of fresh water, including lakes, dams, quarries, rivers, springs, flooded caves, reservoirs, tanks, swimming po ols,

and canals, but may also be done in large bore ducting and sewers, power station cooling systems, cargo and ballast tanks of

ships, and liquid-filled industrial equipment. Diving in liquids other than water may present special problems due to density,

viscosity and chemical compatibility of diving equipment, as well as possible environmental hazards to the diving team. [37]

As a general rule, professional diving is done where the work is to be done, and recreational diving is done where conditions are

suitable. As a consequence, there are many recorded and publicized recreational dive sites which are known for their conven-

ience, points of interest, and frequently favourable conditions. Diver training facilities for both professional and recreati onal

divers will generally use a small range of dive sites which are familiar, convenient and where conditions are predictable and the

risk is relatively low.

Recreational diver service organizations may provide websites or brochures listing the sites to which they provide access, an d

popular dive sites in many parts of the world have been described in magazines and books, in a widely varying range of detail

and accuracy. There are also travel and other specialist websites which provide the recreational diver with facilities to des cribe

FREE MONTHLY MAGAZINE - ISSUE 001-NOVEMBER 2014 PAGE No. 5

Term of Eskimo origin. It is a variety of canoe originally a

single crew member, used to fish and hunt. At present, in its

modern variants, their use is mainly sport. The crew or ro-

wer, unlike rowing boats, accommodates seated and oriented

towards the progress, propelling the boat through a double -

bladed paddle or spoon that needs no support on the hull.

The kayak is a type of canoe, in which the practitioner or

athlete is seated facing forward in the direction of travel of

the streams with a two-bladed paddle that drives it. There is

also another mode that hardly practiced in Colombia, which

is the flat water kayak, branching practiced at sea and in la-

kes. This type of kayak is about 500 cm. They are less ma-

neuverable than river kayaks, and require great skill in

handling.

Colombia is a country with a great hydrographical potential,

very suitable for practicing this sport. Only the right equip-

ment (kayak, paddle or paddle, life vest and helmet), and of

course, the guidance and supervision of a good instructor

responsible and experienced, preferably belonging to a school

for that purpose is required.

FREE MONTHLY MAGAZINE - ISSUE 001-NOVEMBER PAGE No. 6

It is a competitive ball sport played in the water, in a

defined "field". Involved two teams of 5 players, each in

a kayak about 3 meters long. The goal is to introduce

the ball into the opposing team's goal (ie, score goals).

The team to score more goals in the game is the winner.

The game is often described as a combination of polo,

basketball and kayaking. It is fast and aggressive, but

relatively devoid of lesions. The tactics and game are

not unlike basketball or water polo but with the added

complexity of the kayaks, which are excellent "shields"

protecting the ball.

The ball, a waterpolo ball is passed from hand to hand

among the players, besides allowing the handling of the

ball with the paddle. Is allowed to push a player if he

has the ball and can only have the ball for five seconds.

Players can get the ball throwing water ahead of them.

Most of the rules are concerning the security of the ka-

yak-polo players playing both indoor and outdoor

"fields" with dimensions of 35 x 23 m. The edges of the

field are marked by small float or buoy lines

There are two referees (one on each side of the field) and are standing

on the shore, rather than kayaks. The goals are 1 x 1.5 m, is a frame-

work with a network, and are suspended two meters above the water.

The player is the goalie, defends the goal with his shovel lifting it ver-

tically. There are special rules regarding the goalkeeper as the atta-

cking team can not move you The game is officially played in two ti-

mes ten minutes. The teams exchanged field between each time. Each

half begins with a "sprint" in which each team lines up at the goal li-

ne and the ball is thrown in the middle of the field by the referee. One

player from each team runs to get the ball .

FREE MONTHLY MAGAZINE - ISSUE 001-NOVEMBER PAGE No. 8

BUNGEE JUMPING

I t goes back several hundred years, perhaps in the case of an ancient acti-

vity. Born in the village of Bunlap, Pentecost Island in Vanuatu (New Hebri-

des) and that it is a rite of passage to complete the entry into adulthood.

This is launched from a structure of wooden sticks from a height of 25 me-

ters, tied with lianas so that touch the ground with his head.

A table and clay are the only elements that have to cushion the impact.

Whoever comes out alive gets to become man and ensures a good harvest to

the people.

This rite has traveled back in time to settle in our twenty-first century by

certain intrepid English aristocrats who Polynesian youth emulating the

Thames bridges were thrown from elastic material.

The first modern Bungee Jump as we know it today was born in 1979 (April

1st) from the suspended bridge Clifton Bristol four members of an extreme

sports club.

United States has been globally disseminated the concept of elastic bungee

jumping, the first commercial operator of Bungee Jumping was the New

Zealander AJ Hackett made a leap in 1988 from Auckland's Greenhithe

Bridge (New Zealand). Then settled into the Kawarau River Bridge, one of

the most famous places to practice Bungee in history; It is 20 kilometers

northeast of Queenstown, the adventure capital of New Zealand. They are 43

FREE MONTHLY MAGAZINE - ISSUE 001-NOVEMBER PAGE No. 9

BUNGEE JUMPING

I t consists of a special harness, a cushioned bumper and a set of fasteners, which control and provide a progressive fall bra-

king. The bungee cord has great flexibility to withstand up to a ton of weight. Besides strings carabiners are required to af firm

the source platform, special gloves to protect hands. Once supported by the rope tied to the ankles, it is recommended that t he

diver forward impulse to describe the proper path in the air.

At each hop least three people are required; one that was put up on the platform, and the third one down is jumping, it is im-

portant to check that the rope and anchors it, and the other elements are in perfect safety.

FREE MONTHLY MAGAZINE - ISSUE 001-NOVEMBER PAGE No. 11

BICYCLE MOTOCROSS

BMX began in the early 1970s when children began racing their bicycles on

dirt tracks in southern California, inspired by the motocross stars of the time.

The size and availability of the Schwinn Sting-Ray and other wheelie bi-

kes made them the natural bike of choice for these races, since they were easily

customized for better handling and performance. BMX racing was a phenome-

non by the mid-1970s. Children were racing standard road bikes off -road,

around purpose-built tracks in California. [1] The 1972 motorcycle racing docu-

mentary On Any Sunday is generally credited with inspiring the movement na-

tionally in the United States; its opening scene shows kids riding their Sting -

Rays off-road. By the middle of that decade the sport achieved critical mass,

and manufacturers began creating bicycles designed especially for the sport.

George E. Esser founded the National Bicycle League as a non-profit bicycle

motocross sanctioning organization in 1974. Before they set up the NBL, Esser

and his wife, Mary, sanctioned motorcycle races with the American Motocross

Association (AMA). Their two sons, Greg and Brian, raced motorcycles, but also

enjoyed riding and racing BMX with their friends. It was their sons’ interest,

and the lack of BMX organizations in the East, which prompted Esser to start

the NBL in Florida. By 1977, the American Bicycle Association (ABA) was organized as a national

sanctioning body for the growing sport. In April 1981, the International BMX

Federation was founded, and the first world championships were held in 1982.

Since January 1993 BMX has been integrated into the Union Cycliste Interna-

tionale

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OLYMPIC SPORTS

The BMX was an Olympic sport in 2008, making his debut in the Olympic Games in

Beijing 2008.1En circuit mode and time trial (race). Two qualifying rounds in Single

mode or race against the clock and performed three quarterfinal rounds are perfor-

med. Compete a total of 48 athletes, 32 in the male category and 16 in the female.

At the Beijing Games 2008 BMX debut as an Olympic sport. The men's gold medal

went to the Latvian Maris Stromberg, second place for the American rider Mike Day

and bronze for estadounidenseDonny also Robinson. The first women's podium at

the Olympics was for the French rider Anne-Caroline Chausson, second place for the

French Laetitia will Corguillé and third place for American Jill Kintner.

In the 2012 London Games, women gold went to Colombian Mariana Pajón competi-

tor, silver for New Zealand's Sarah Walker and bronze for Laura Smulders of paise

Netherlands. In the men's gold was paraMaris Strombergs of Latvia (his second

Olympic gold), silver for the Australian Sam Willoughby and bronze for the Colom-

bian Carlos Mario Oquendo. BMX winner in terms of medals, was Colombia, to be

first with a gold medal and a bronze of Carlos Oquendo, second place went to Latvia

with a gold medal, the third was to Australia with Sam Willoughby, and to New Zea-

land with Sarah Walker, and fourth place with Laura Smulders Holanda.

Accessories for this sport and avoid an accident and of course

maintain performance are sunglasses, which will cover the view of

the strong winds and sand.

He sandboarding table meets the same characteristics as the Snow-

board, should be chosen according to the characteristics of the ath-

lete and the style you want to practice (or free running) .Also

should take into account height, weight, age and size of the feet.

The attachments include boot, it is important to have heel Velcro

and rubber to set the table and feet stick to it and let you handle it

safely, providing greater control over the sand..

The Continental Cup Champions in 2014, is a group of iquiqueños I

travel to compete in the competition played in Acari, Peru, on 25

and 27 July; competition was held in the dune Toro Mata, where

hundreds of competitors came from different countries, with which

the local were surprised.

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SANDBOARD

This sport is falling sand hills, with special tables similar to those of

Snowboarging, is practiced mainly by hills of sand from the bottom to

the top.

The sandboarding was invented in Brazil, more precisely on the island

of Santa Catarina, by surfers who could not practice their sport in the

days that were no waves today has taken many followers worldwide.

In this sport billed as extreme, adrenaline levels handlers who practice

it, the top duana or higher long sand and finer sand is sought, the best

places to practice them are Brazil, Australia, Peru, South Africa and

Namibia.

BASIC EQUIPMENT

FREE MONTHLY MAGAZINE - ISSUE 001-NOVEMBER PAGE No. 14

Is a sport in which players compete, in teams or individually, to eliminate oppo-

nents by tagging them with capsules containing water soluble dye and gelatin

shell outside (referred to as paintballs) propelled from a device called a paintball

marker (commonly referred to as a paintball gun). Paintballs are composed of a

non-toxic, biodegradable, water soluble polymer. The game is regularly played at

a sporting level with organized competition involving major tournaments, profes-

sional teams, and players. Paintball technology is also used by military forces,

law enforcement, para-military and security organizations to supplement military

training, as well as playing a role in riot response, and non-lethal suppression of

dangerous suspects.

Games can be played on indoor or outdoor fields of varying sizes. A game field is

scattered with natural or artificial terrain, which players use for tactical cover.

Game types in paintball vary, but can include capture the flag, elimination, am-

munition limits, defending or attacking a particular point or area, or capturing

objects of interest hidden in the playing area. Depending on the variant played,

games can last from seconds to hours, or even days in scenario play.

The legality of paintball varies among countries and regions. In most areas where

regulated play is offered, players are required to wear protective masks, and game

rules are strictly enforced. Masks are not required in the staging area

Paintball is an equipment intensive sport and in order to safely con-

duct a game, every player requires a marker with propellant to fire the

paint, a mask to protect the eyes and face, paintballs, and a loader to

hold them. To ensure safety off the playing field, a barrel sock or plug

for the marker is also compulsory.

Depending on type of play, additional equipment can include gloves, a

pack designed to comfortably carry pods containing extra paintballs,

and a squeegee or swab for cleaning out the barrel in case a paintball

breaks. Players may also elect to wear padding or armor in order to re-

duce the impact of incoming paintballs.

PAINTBALL EQUIPMENT

JENIFFER ALMONACID

DIANA MONTILLA HERRERA

CAROLINA BACHILLER

INGLES II

GONZALO ALZATE

COMUNICACIÓN SOCIAL

UNINPAHU

BOGOTÁ— COLOMBIA

NOVIEMBRE 2014