aep - c1 - week 4 slides

8/17/2019 AEP - C1 - Week 4 Slides

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CERTIFICATE PROGRAM

Developed by:

With generous support from:


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ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES FOR BUILDINGS:

PART 2

WEEK 4


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WEEK 4: LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Identify the purposes and process of an energy audit

Differentiate between the different energy assessment levels anddescribe the steps involved in each

Assess an energy audit report for completeness and reliability Understand how to use the audit opportunity strategically for

internal and external purposes


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WEEK 4: READINGS

The Energy Management Handbook (Turner & Doty)

Chapter 3: Energy Auditing

A Retrocommissioning Guide for Building Owners (PECI)

Supplemental readings, as useful


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WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF AN ENERGY

AUDIT?

• Provides a baseline of current energy consumption

• Incorporates benchmarking, technology evaluations andcoordination with other planning processes

•

Establishes targets for reductions via specific, economically-evaluated projects (recommendations which would be likely toresult in cost savings)

• Creates measurement and verification framework formaintaining target energy performance


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WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF AN

ENERGY AUDIT?

Asset StrategyAssessment based on

needs, market analysis, etc.

Technology Evaluation

How deep of a retrofit willyou do?

Financing Sources andStrategies

ImplementationDesign and

Construction Process

Determines

Influences

Guides


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WHAT IS INVOLVED IN THE ENERGY

AUDIT PROCESS?

Energy Audit of Building Systems: An Engineering Approach, Second Edition. By Moncef Krarti.


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WHAT IS INVOLVED IN THE ENERGY AUDIT

PROCESS?

Benchmarking – establish baseline conditions

• Allows buildings to track their own progress over time

• Most effective when performed regularly (e.g., annually)

ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager• Simplifies process

• Compares to national data

• Uses actual building energy usage datafor most recent 12 months

• Data collection worksheet(benchmarking starter kit)

• Additional resources (quick referenceguide, training videos)

• Generates a Statement of Energy

Performance

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/business/animated_trainings/Guide%20to%20ENERGY%20STAR%20Benchmarking_061511.htmlhttp://www.energystar.gov/ia/business/animated_trainings/Guide%20to%20ENERGY%20STAR%20Benchmarking_061511.html


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Determine your strategy

• Which building systems need an upgrade?

• Are there upcoming renovation or investment projects that couldincorporate energy-saving measures?

• What are the costs and benefits of improving buildings systems andtechnologies?

WHAT IS INVOLVED IN THE ENERGY AUDIT

PROCESS?


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WHAT ARE THE LEVELS OF

ENERGY ASSESSMENT?

Preliminary Energy Usage Analysis (PEA) Level I: Walkthrough Survey

Level II: Energy Survey and Engineering Analysis

Level III: Detailed Analysis of Capital-Intensive Modifications

Other: Targeted Audits

Source: ASHRAE


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LEVEL II: ENERGY SURVEY AND

ENGINEERING ANALYSIS

Purpose:

• Identify and provide savings and cost analysis of all practicalenergy efficiency measures (EEMs) that meet owner’s constraints

and economic criteria, along with proposed changes to O&Mprocedures

• Establish the general savings potential for a building or see whichbuildings in a portfolio offer the greatest potential savings

• Provide a listing of potential capital-intensive improvements thatrequire more thorough data collection and engineering analysis andan assessment of potential costs and savings

Process:• Level I process with a more detailed building survey and energy

analysis, including a breakdown of end uses of energy within thebuilding

Source: ASHRAE


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LEVEL III: DETAILED ANALYSIS OF

CAPITAL-INTENSIVE MODIFICATIONS

Purpose:

• Provides detailed project cost and savings calculations with a high levelof confidence sufficient for major capital investment decisions

• Focuses on potential capital-intensive projects identified during a Level II

analysisProcess:

• Level II process but with more detailed field gathering and a morerigorous engineering economic analysis, often including modeling(simulation) of the annual energy performance of the building andvendor pricing

• Typically uses Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCAA) as a decision-making tool

Source: ASHRAE


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WHAT SHOULD AN ENERGY AUDIT

REPORT INCLUDE?

• Actionable recommendations

• Realistic treatment of rates

• Transparent Analysis

•

Guidance to more resources• Reasonable savings

• Reasonable cost estimates

• Interactive effects

• Measurements

• Hourly modeling


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HOW DO YOU EVALUATE AN AUDIT

FOR RELIABILITY?

Quality Control (QC)Review energy audit report and calculations

• Are recommendations feasible and appropriate for the building?• Do proposed measures meet all applicable building codes?• Is the data internally consistent and error-free?• Do the savings estimate methods follow established principles?• Are potential energy savings estimates reasonable compared to quick

estimates and historical energy use?• Are interactions between energy efficiency measures identified and

addressed?• Do the recommendations and report meet the project scope, goals

and owner/operator’s needs?

Who performs QC?

• Energy auditor’s team

• Third-party• Peer reviewer• Property owner/operator


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EVALUATING ENERGY INVESTMENTS: SIMPLE

PAYBACK PERIOD ANALYSIS

Capital Investment Components

• Acquisition Cost

• Utilization Cost (Cost Savings Opportunity)

• Disposal (Salvage Value)

Simple Payback Analysis• SPP = Initial Cost/Annual Savings

Example:

• $10,000 Acquisition Cost

• $500 Utilization Cost

• $2500 Energy Cost Savings

• Net $2000 Annual Savings

SPP = $10,000/$2,000 = 5 years


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HOW DO YOU USE THE AUDIT

OPPORTUNITY STRATEGICALLY?

Obtain buy-in from management

Develop a strategy for implementing recommended energy efficiencyimprovements

Designate an energy manager for the facility

Develop a long-term energy cost control program

Institute a program of continuous monitoring, feedback and action

Leverage the value of energy efficiency improvements in markettransactions

Formalize performance expectations to support leasing, building sales,appraisals, insurance, staff management and energy/O&M service

contracts

Secure tenant buy-in for building-wide performance improvements

Rethink lease structures with an eye toward optimizing owner return onenergy efficiency investments


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WEEK 4: IN-CLASS EXERCISES

In 1-2 pages, respond to the following prompts:1. Describe the basic steps of an energy audit, according to the Handbook,and the major differences between the three assessment levels that werediscussed in this week's lecture. Which of the steps might be omitted in a lessintense survey? What considerations would you apply when deciding whichassessment level to use for a particular property? What trade-offs areinvolved in a decision about the depth of an energy audit? Are certain criteriamore essential than others, even in more limited audits?

2. According to the PECI's 2009 Retrocommissioning Guide for BuildingOwners, what types of projects are good candidates for retrocommissioning?What are some of the factors that go into making such a determination? What

are some of the goals of a retrocommissioning project? Based on yourreadings, identify an appropriate application of the retrocommissioningprocess to a property in the AEP portfolio, and describe your objectives.


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WEEK 4: HOMEWORK

Choose a property from the AEP Portfolio, and briefly describe itsfeatures and components. Then determine which type of energyaudit you would apply, if you were the property's owner, andprovide the reasoning for your decision.

Next, identify the systems in which you would expect the audit touncover deficiencies, and describe how you might use the audit as astrategic economic opportunity.

aep - c1 - week 4 slides

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