Aeronautical FrequencyAeronautical FrequencySpectrum ManagementSpectrum Management

and ACP WG-Fand ACP WG-F

Aeronautical FrequencyAeronautical FrequencySpectrum ManagementSpectrum Management

and ACP WG-Fand ACP WG-F

Loftur Jónasson

ICAO

10/04/23 1

10/04/23 2

ACP Working Group F (frequency)

ACP Working Group F (frequency) Rapporteur: Steve Mitchell, UK NATS

Responsible for the initial development of the draft ICAO Position for WRCs.

✓ Draft Position is reviewed by ANC, then sent to States for comments, reviewed again by the Air Navigation Commission and finally reviewed and adopted by Council, much the same as SARPs.

Develops the draft overall ICAO frequency spectrum policy which covers all spectrum items not addressed in the WRC position.

✓ Policy is then finalized by the Air Navigation Commission and adopted by Council.

Serves as a forum of aviation frequency spectrum experts to assist the ICAO Secretariat in developing material to support the common aviation position during the deliberations of the ITU-R study groups and CPM and of the regional telecommunication organizations.

10/04/23 3

ACP WG-F Recently Completed Work

ACP WG-F Recently Completed Work

ICAO Position for WRC-12

Update of the ICAO overall frequency spectrum policy statements

Edition 5 of Doc 9718, the Frequency Spectrum Handbook

Development of numerous input contributions to ITU-R Study Groups in support of ICAO position

Regional Preparatory Workshop for APAC in preparation for WRC-12

Regional Preparatory Workshop for NAM/CAR/SAM in preparation for WRC-12

Regional Preparatory Workshop for MID in preparation for WRC-12

10/04/23 410/04/23 4

ACP WG-FWork Programme for 2010 -

2012

ACP WG-FWork Programme for 2010 -

2012• Continue preparation for WRC-2012

• Continue development of input material for ICAO contributions to ITU-R Study groups and WRC preparatory meetings of Regional Telecommunication Organizations.

• Two Frequency Spectrum Workshops in the ICAO Regions in 2011. Objective:

• provide a forum for aviation professionals designated by the States, responsible for the preparation of the WRC-12

• Main items at next WRC: • AI 1.3 (UAS)• AI 1.4 (AM(R)S in 108-117.975, 960-1164 and 5GHz bands• AI 1.7 (AMS(R)S access in the L band• …

• Interference issues and other items which may affect access to spectrum by Civil Aviation

10/04/23 6

ACP WG-F Programme Watchlist

ACP WG-F Programme Watchlist

ACP monitors technical developments in the aviation industry in preparation for future action:• Future Communication Infrastructure

• Airport Surface AM(R)S (IEEE 802.16e)

• Future L-Band communication system (LDACS).

• Future AMS(R)S technologies/providers

• Unmanned Aircraft Systems

• Foreseen frequency spectrum requirements for remote control and sense-and-avoid functions.

• WAIC – wireless aircraft intra- communication.

• Technical Standards, certification and licensing issues foreseen.

• Any Com/Nav/Sur development

• Ensure availability of adequate spectrum resources

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead Overall share of spectrum used by aviation is 10 – 15% of all available spectrum in the range 0 – 15.7 GHz

Pressure on spectrum increasing✓ Main drivers:

• Mobile Phone services• Broadband wireless networking

✓ Many others

High yield to State/government from leasing spectrum to commercial providers

Administrative Incentive Pricing for Spectrum✓ Philosophy: Estimate the “opportunity cost” of denying alternative users

access to the spectrum. Users of the spectrum then pay a license fee equal to this opportunity cost. The intention with AIP is to promote the best social and economic use of the spectrum resource.

✓ Growing concern that AIP may lead to severe safety implications when applied to aeronautical safety spectrum allocations.

10/04/23 7

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead Safety Services (ARNS/AM(R)S/AMS(R)S), unpopular neighbours

due to stringent access requirements (6dB safety margin, super primary)

Old/Proven technologies used in aviation CNS systems, spectrum inefficient?

Long lifespan and high cost of aircraft, avionics and ground infrastructure

Technical or equipage SARPs normally not retroactive

Recent aviation updates to the Table of Frequency Allocations in the ITU Radio Regulations have been for increased flexibility of existing allocations.

10/04/23 8

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead One or two regions have spectrum congestion issues. A global or a regional challenge?✓ Some arguments for a regional challenge

• NextGen and SESAR programmes define regional requirements in the two busiest regions only

• Cost with limited benefit in other regions?• Strong demands within a single region for more efficient use of

spectrum resource, due to pressures from non-aviation for access to existing aviation spectrum, less pressure in other regions

✓ Some arguments for a global challenge• Due to interregional mobility, global interoperability is required• Pressures on the spectrum resource are mounting in all regions,

unlikely that aviation will get new spectrum to cater for new requirements

• Spectrum efficiency is a global responsibility✓ Obviously a bit of both.

10/04/23 9

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead Spectrum pressure as a driver for future technology development,

as well as ATM requirements✓ Mounting pressures on aviation safety spectrum allocations

✓ New systems tailored for new ATM requirements will be required

✓ Systems will have more stringent spectrum efficiency demands than before

✓ Systems will have to share spectrum with older technology, a challenge on several levels

✓ Older technology will have to be phased out.

To date, global agreement on technology updates or replacements has always been difficult. Can this be changed? How?

10/04/23 10

Antenna

HFAntenna

High GainSatellite

Low GainSatelliteAntenna

HFTransceiver

ACARSManagement

Unit

VHF Transceiver

Satellite Data Unit

Amplifier

AudioControlPanel

Radio TuningPanel

VHFAntenna

TCAS II Mode SDisplays

TCAS II Mode S

TCAS IIAntenna

Mode SAntenna

GPSAntennas

DMEAntennas

VORAntennas

FlightManagementSystem

MonitoringAlertingSystem

FlightManagementSystem

Autopilot/FlightDirectorSystems

MMRILSGPS

DME

VOR

DME

VOR

IRS

Flt DeckDisplays/Alerting

ILSAntennas

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead

ACP WG-FThe spectrum challenges

ahead A paradigm shift needed?

At the 37th Assembly, a common European paper suggested that a detailed spectrum and technology roadmap needs to be developed on a global level in preparation for the 12th Air Navigation Conference

• Limited progress to date within the Region in identifying new required future technology enablers, in spite of a large budget internal programme

The Assembly agreed, and noted the following:• Work on identification of global CNS concepts is already included in the

current radio frequency spectrum strategy and NextGen/SESAR work programme, however it could positively benefit from a stronger linkage to a long term global CNS implementation plan. The proposed 2012 twelfth Air Navigation Conference should develop a roadmap for CNS equipage transitions to support the spectrum strategy.

No budget requirements were identified

10/04/23 11

Questions/Comments?Questions/Comments?

10/04/23 12