africa hiv/aids aids data

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AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA SOURCE: UNAIDS 2007 REPORT WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

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AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA. SOURCE: UNAIDS 2007 REPORT WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. A global view of HIV infection 33 million people [ 30–36 million ] living with HIV, 2007. 2.2. HIV prevalence (%) in adults in Africa, 2007. 2.8. Ghana. 1950. 2007. 100+. Male. Female. Male. Female. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

AFRICAHIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

SOURCE:UNAIDS 2007 REPORT

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

Page 2: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

A global view of HIV infection33 million people [30–36 million] living with HIV, 2007

2.2

Page 3: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

HIV prevalence (%) in adults in Africa, 2007

2.8

Page 4: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA
Page 5: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA
Page 6: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA
Page 7: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

Changes in population structure: Ghana and Lesotho

2.12

1950 2007Ghana

1950 2007Lesotho

10 5 0 5 10 10 5 0 5 10Percentage Percentage

Age

Male Female Male Female100+

80

60

40

20

0

Age

10 5 0 5 10 10 5 0 5 10Percentage Percentage

Male Female Male Female100+

80

60

40

20

0

Source: Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision, http://esa.un.org/unpp

Page 8: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

2a

COUNTRY

Time period for which

prevalence data were available

Prevalence trenda

Percent of young people (15–19

years) having had sex before age 15b

Proportion having sex with more than one partner in the

last 12 monthsc

Condom use during last sex

among those with more than one

partner in the last 12 monthsd

Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males

ANGOLAa ID IDBAHAMAS  

BENINb 2000–2006 * ↔ ↔ * * BOTSWANA 2001–2006 * *BURKINA FASO 2000–2006 * * * * * ↔ *BURUNDI 1999–2004 ↔ *CAMEROONa ID ID * * * * * *CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLICb     CHADa ID ID * * CONGOa ID IDCÔTE d’IVOIRE 2000–2004 * ID * * * * ↔DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGOa ID ID

Analysis of trends among 15–24-year-olds in high prevalence countries(all countries with national prevalence that exceeded 3% and 4 additional countries in Africa with notable prevalence levels):

HIV prevalence among pregnant women (2000–2007) in sentinel surveillance systems, and selected sexual behaviours among women and men (1994–2007) from national surveys

NOTES: [1] Highlighted cells indicate positive trends in prevalence or behaviour. [2]* Consistent sites only were used in the analysis of change in HIV prevalence over time, for a minimum of three years. Significance test based on H0: slope =0

LEGEND: [a] Prevalence obtained from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected. [b] Among 15–19 years olds, proportion reported having had sex by age 15. Analyses based on DHS, MICS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [c] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion reported having had sex with more than one partner in the last 12 months. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [d] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion of those with more than one partner reporting having used a condom the last time they had sex. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [] Observed increase in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [] Observed decrease in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [*] Statistically significant decrease in HIV prevalence of more than 25% or significant decrease in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of prevalence based on regression analysis; analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [*] Statistically significant increase in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [↔] No evidence of change. [ID] Insufficient data, i.e. less than three years of data received.

FIRST OF 3 PARTS:

Page 9: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

2b

COUNTRY

Time period for which

prevalence data were available

Prevalence trenda

Percent of young people (15–19

years) having had sex before age 15b

Proportion having sex with more than one partner in the last 12 monthsc

Condom use during last sex

among those with more than one

partner in the last 12 monthsd

Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males

DJIBOUTIb    ETHIOPIAb     * * * * GABONb    GAMBIAb    GHANAb     * * ↔ ↔ * HAITIb     * * *KENYA 2000–2005 * * ↔ ↔ * * *LESOTHOa 2003–2007 ↔ LIBERIAb    MALAWIe 1999–2005 * ↔ * * * ↔ MOZAMBIQUEf 2000–2007 ↔ ↔ *NAMIBIA 2002–2006 ↔ * ↔ * *

Analysis of trends among 15–24-year-olds in high prevalence countries(all countries with national prevalence that exceeded 3% and 4 additional countries in Africa with notable prevalence levels):

HIV prevalence among pregnant women (2000–2007) in sentinel surveillance systems, and selected sexual behaviours among women and men (1994–2007) from national surveys

NOTES: [1] Highlighted cells indicate positive trends in prevalence or behaviour. [2]* Consistent sites only were used in the analysis of change in HIV prevalence over time, for a minimum of three years. Significance test based on H0: slope =0

LEGEND: [a] Prevalence obtained from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected. [b] Among 15–19 years olds, proportion reported having had sex by age 15. Analyses based on DHS, MICS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [c] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion reported having had sex with more than one partner in the last 12 months. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [d] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion of those with more than one partner reporting having used a condom the last time they had sex. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [] Observed increase in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [] Observed decrease in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [*] Statistically significant decrease in HIV prevalence of more than 25% or significant decrease in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of prevalence based on regression analysis; analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [*] Statistically significant increase in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [↔] No evidence of change. [e] Semi-urban and urban areas were combined in analysis of urban data. [f] Analysis in Mozambique combined for South, North and Central.

SECOND OF 3 PARTS:

Page 10: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

2c

COUNTRY

Time period for which

prevalence data were available

Prevalence trenda

Percent of young people (15–19

years) having had sex before age 15b

Proportion having sex with more than one partner in the last 12 monthsc

Condom use during last sex

among those with more than one

partner in the last 12 monthsd

Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males

NIGERIAa    RWANDA 1998–2003 ND * * * SIERRA LEONEa ID IDSOUTH AFRICAg 2000–2006 ↔ * ↔SUDANa    SWAZILAND 2002–2006 TOGOa    UGANDAb     * ↔ ↔ * *UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA 2000–2006 ↔ ↔ * * * * *ZAMBIAh 1998–2004 ↔ * * * * ZIMBABWE 2000–2004 * ↔ * * * ↔ ↔

Analysis of trends among 15–24-year-olds in high prevalence countries(all countries with national prevalence that exceeded 3% and 4 additional countries in Africa with notable prevalence levels):

HIV prevalence among pregnant women (2000–2007) in sentinel surveillance systems, and selected sexual behaviours among women and men (1994–2007) from national surveys

NOTES: [1] Highlighted cells indicate positive trends in prevalence or behaviour. [2]* Consistent sites only were used in the analysis of change in HIV prevalence over time, for a minimum of three years. Significance test based on H0: slope =0

LEGEND: [a] Prevalence obtained from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected. [b] Among 15–19 years olds, proportion reported having had sex by age 15. Analyses based on DHS, MICS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [c] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion reported having had sex with more than one partner in the last 12 months. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [d] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion of those with more than one partner reporting having used a condom the last time they had sex. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [] Observed increase in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [] Observed decrease in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [*] Statistically significant decrease in HIV prevalence of more than 25% or significant decrease in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of prevalence based on regression analysis; analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [*] Statistically significant increase in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [↔] No evidence of change. [ID] Insufficient data, i.e. less than three years of data received. [ND] Data not received. [g] No data received in response to working group process; analyses based on data in South Africa surveillance report. [h] No data received in response to working group process; analyses based on data reported in Zambia 2005 surveillance report. Analysis based on urban and rural data combined.

LAST OF 3 PARTS:

Page 11: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

Estimated number of people living with HIV and adult HIV prevalence

Global HIV epidemic, 1990–2007; and, HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1990–2007

Number of people living with HIV% HIV prevalence, adult (15–49)

% HIV prevalence, adult (15–49)

Number of peopleliving with HIV (millions)

% HIV prevalence, adult (15–49)

Number of peopleliving with HIV (millions)

These bars indicate the range around the estimate

NOTE: Even though the HIV prevalence stabilized in Sub-Saharan Africa, the actual number of people infected continues to grow because of ongoing new infections and increasing access to antiretroviral therapy.

Global HIV epidemic, 1990–2007 HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1990–2007

0

10

20

30

40

0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

1990 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘992000 ‘01‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘062007 1990 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘992000 ‘01‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘0620070

5

10

15

20

25

30

0

3.0

6.0

9.0

12.0

15.0

2.3

Page 12: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

Percent of adults (15+) living with HIV who are female 1990–2007

2.4

Sub-Saharan Africa

GLOBAL

Caribbean

Asia

Latin America

Eastern Europe& Central Asia

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1990 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 2000 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 2007

Percentfemale(%)

Page 13: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

Percentage of incident tuberculosis cases in people living with HIV receiving both antiretroviral

and anti-tuberculosis medications, 2007

5.7 Source: UNGASS data provided by countries, 2008.

Oceania(2)

(total number of UN member states in the region)

Caribbean(10)

East Asia(12)

EasternEurope

and Central

Asia(12)

Latin America(14)

North Africaand

Middle East(3)

GLOBAL(76)

South and

South-East Asia

(8)

Sub-Saharan

Africa(22)

Western and

Central Europe(3)

0

20

40

60

80

100

%

(Note: No data from North America)

Page 14: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

6.2

HIV-Related Labour Costs

Source: Piot P et al. (2007). Squaring the Circle: AIDS, Poverty, and Human Development.

SECTOR COUNTRY NUMBER OFWORKERSIN SECTOR

ESTIMATEDHIVPREVALENCE(% of Adult Population)

COST PER AIDS DEATHS OR RETIREMENT (Multiple of Annual Compensation)

AGGREGATE ANNUAL COSTS (% of Labor Cost)

Retail South Africa 500 10.50 0.7 0.50 Agribusiness South Africa 700 23.70 1.1 0.70

Uganda 500 5.60 1.9 1.20 Kenya 22,000 10.00 1.1 1.00 Zambia 1,200 28.50 0.9 1.30

Manufacturing South Africa 1,300 14.00 1.2 1.10 Uganda 300 14.40 1.2 1.90 Ethiopia 1,500 5.30 0.9 0.60 Ethiopia 1,300 6.20 0.8 0.60

Media South Africa 3,600 10.20 1.3 1.30 Utility South Africa >25,000 11.70 4.7 2.20 Mining South Africa 600 23.60 1.4 2.40

Botswana 500 29.00 4.4 8.40 Tourism Zambia 350 36.80 3.6 10.80

Page 15: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA

Orphans due to AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa, from 2006 projected to 2015

6.4 Source: UNICEF, UNAIDS, WHO, 2008.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Mill

ion

s

AIDS orphans_base

AIDS orphans scaled phase-up

AIDS orphans UA2010

Page 16: AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA