AfricaAfricaReading: Page 7Reading: Page 7

Worksheet: 4Worksheet: 4

The period in history when The period in history when Europeans went in search of other Europeans went in search of other

lands:lands: The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration

Every place the Europeans Every place the Europeans went they were interested in:went they were interested in:

Trading, conquering lands, and Trading, conquering lands, and taking natural resources (God / taking natural resources (God / Glory / Gold)Glory / Gold)

The Europeans discovered the The Europeans discovered the coasts of Africacoasts of Africa

did not have safe harborsdid not have safe harbors

The most common way for The most common way for explorers to get to the interior of explorers to get to the interior of

an area:an area: was to use riverswas to use rivers

The often had trouble getting The often had trouble getting to the interior of Africa to the interior of Africa

because:because: Africa had poor rivers and a bad Africa had poor rivers and a bad

climateclimate

The Africans often The Africans often attacked attacked and killed and killed exploring partiesexploring parties

Vasco da GamaVasco da Gama

Found a passage around the African Found a passage around the African coastcoast

““The New World”The New World”

North and South AmericaNorth and South America

One thing the Europeans were One thing the Europeans were searching for in Africa: slavessearching for in Africa: slaves

Taking slaves from Africa was Taking slaves from Africa was different than ever before in different than ever before in

history because:history because: The great number of people taken as The great number of people taken as

slavesslaves The cruel way they were captured and The cruel way they were captured and

treatedtreated

About 50 million people were About 50 million people were taken as slavestaken as slaves

Black Africans wanted Black Africans wanted revengerevenge against each other for catching against each other for catching

slavesslaves (none of the tribes trusted each other any (none of the tribes trusted each other any

more)more)

Blacks helping to catch blacks Blacks helping to catch blacks led to led to distrustdistrust among the among the

tribestribes

Slavery came to an end: in the Slavery came to an end: in the mid to late 1800’s (1865?)mid to late 1800’s (1865?)

AfricaAfricaReading: Page 9Reading: Page 9

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Most of Africa had been Most of Africa had been explored by: the late 1800’sexplored by: the late 1800’s

The Europeans set up The Europeans set up coloniescolonies in in AfricaAfrica

The colonies sent natural The colonies sent natural resources to the: mother resources to the: mother

countrycountry

Lumber is an example of a raw Lumber is an example of a raw material that comes from material that comes from natural resource of treesnatural resource of trees

England made England made textiles (cloth)textiles (cloth) which was sent back to Africa which was sent back to Africa

to be purchased by the to be purchased by the AfricansAfricans

The “carving up” of Africa The “carving up” of Africa meant Africa was divided up meant Africa was divided up

among among European countriesEuropean countries

The period when European The period when European countries ruled Africa:countries ruled Africa:

ColonialismColonialism

New ideas brought to Africa by New ideas brought to Africa by scientists and inventors:scientists and inventors:

Technology Technology

The southern third of Africa:The southern third of Africa:South AfricaSouth Africa

Johannesburg has a lot of:Johannesburg has a lot of:

mines, steel mills, blast furnaces, mines, steel mills, blast furnaces, and goldand gold

What makes it a “rich” area:What makes it a “rich” area:

Gold, copper, coal, asbestos, Gold, copper, coal, asbestos, platinum, and good farmlandplatinum, and good farmland

The people who settled this area The people who settled this area were Dutch farmers who were were Dutch farmers who were

called:called: BoersBoers

The Dutch treated the blacks The Dutch treated the blacks as slavesas slaves

The Dutch also had trouble The Dutch also had trouble getting along with: Englandgetting along with: England

The Boers were forced to move The Boers were forced to move to another part of South Africa. to another part of South Africa.

This move was called “The Great This move was called “The Great Trek”Trek”

In the Boer War:In the Boer War:

The English fought the DutchThe English fought the Dutch

England won the war and England won the war and called the new government:called the new government:

The Union of South AfricaThe Union of South Africa

The descendants of the Boers The descendants of the Boers called themselves: called themselves:

AfrikanersAfrikaners

This group became:This group became:

the largest group of white people in the largest group of white people in AfricaAfrica

The fear of the Afrikaners:The fear of the Afrikaners:

That blacks may one day try to That blacks may one day try to take back control of Africatake back control of Africa

The complete separation of The complete separation of blacks and whites is called:blacks and whites is called:

Apartheid (segregation)Apartheid (segregation)

Refusing to trade is called: Refusing to trade is called: a a boycottboycott

F.W. de KlerkF.W. de Klerk is the South African is the South African president who began to take steps to president who began to take steps to

end apartheidend apartheid

Nelson Mandela was elected Nelson Mandela was elected president of South Africa in president of South Africa in

19941994

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In sub-Sahara the clans In sub-Sahara the clans formed: tribesformed: tribes

The tribes knew very little The tribes knew very little about: modern farming about: modern farming

methodsmethods

As Africa is becoming more As Africa is becoming more modern:modern:

strong ties holding the tribes strong ties holding the tribes together are falling aparttogether are falling apart

The younger people moving to the The younger people moving to the cities often have a hard time finding cities often have a hard time finding

work:work:

they have no education or trainingthey have no education or training

The taking of more than one The taking of more than one wife: Polygamywife: Polygamy

The gift the man gives to The gift the man gives to the father of his new wife:the father of his new wife:

dowry or bride wealthdowry or bride wealth

Marry tribal girls marry at Marry tribal girls marry at the age of 13 or 14the age of 13 or 14

The males wait longer so they The males wait longer so they have time to make the dowry / have time to make the dowry /

bride wealthbride wealth

Women do not mind the men Women do not mind the men having more than one wife:having more than one wife:

because then they because then they

can get more help can get more help

with the work they with the work they

have to dohave to do

If a tribal women is not treated If a tribal women is not treated right by her husband:right by her husband:

she can return she can return

to her familyto her family

North Africa is locatedNorth Africa is locatedclose to Europeclose to Europe

The African area which first had The African area which first had contact with Europeans: North contact with Europeans: North

Africans Africans

Most of the farming in North Most of the farming in North Africa:Africa:

near the Mediterranean Seanear the Mediterranean Sea

Most North Africans: Most North Africans: MuslimsMuslims

The Islamic God: AllahThe Islamic God: Allah

Islamic holy city: MeccaIslamic holy city: Mecca

Muslims give almost no rights Muslims give almost no rights or freedoms to: womenor freedoms to: women

The North African desert The North African desert travelers are the : Bedouinstravelers are the : Bedouins