african peace and security architecture. apsa roadmap 2016 – … · 1st edition, december 2015...
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
This work is published under the sole responsibility of the African Union Commission / Peace and Security Department. All rights reserved.
You can copy, download or print the contents of this book for your own use, and you can include excerpts from this guidebook in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgement of the source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public and commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected].
© African Union Commission, Peace and Security Department, Addis Ababa, December 2015
1st edition, December 2015
African Union Commission P.O. Box 3243 Roosevelt Street Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tel. +251 11 551 3822 Fax +251 11 551 9321 Email [email protected] Internet: www.peaceau.org Twitter: @AU_PSD
Design Ira Olaleye, Eschborn, Germany
Title photo © PRO South African Tourism, The Karoo, Eastern Cape, South Africa’ www.flickr.com/photos/south-african-tourism/20518173041
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Strategic Priorities and Indicators
Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention
Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships
Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
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Preface ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6Executive summary ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10APSA Legal and institutional dimensions ................................................................................................................................................. 12Progress made in implementing APSA ....................................................................................................................................................... 14The APSA Roadmap 2016–2020: Strategic Priorities and Indicators ............................................................................... 22
Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention .............................................................................................................................................. 231.1 Capacities of CEWS and the EWS .......................................................................................................................................................... 231.2 Interaction between CEWS, regional and national EWS ................................................................................................ 251.3 Engagement of CEWS/EWS with decision-makers .............................................................................................................. 251.4 Collaboration of CEWS/EWS with external stakeholders .............................................................................................. 261.5 Capacity for structural conflict prevention .................................................................................................................................. 271.6 Capacity to deploy and conduct preventive diplomacy ................................................................................................ 29
Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management ........................................................................................................................ 312.1 Political/legal decision-making mechanisms ............................................................................................................................. 322.2 Capacity to plan, deploy, manage, sustain and liquidate .............................................................................................. 332.3 Mission support systems and mechanisms ................................................................................................................................ 342.4 Capacities and capabilities pledged/on standby ................................................................................................................... 352.5 Capacity to plan, deploy, manage, support and monitor mediation interventions ............................ 362.6 Coordination on mediation interventions .................................................................................................................................... 37
Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building .................................................................... 393.1 PCRD Mechanisms and regional policies ....................................................................................................................................... 393.2 PCRD responds to specific needs in different conflict phases .................................................................................. 403.3 AU and RECs coordination function of PCRD ........................................................................................................................... 413.4 Resources for the implementation of PCRD programmes ........................................................................................... 423.5 Capacities for support to post-conflict Member States .................................................................................................. 433.6 Capacities to implement the SSR policy framework .......................................................................................................... 443.7 Capacities of the AUC and the RECs/RMs to respond to DDR challenges .................................................... 44
Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues .................................................................................................................................. 464.1 Illicit flow of SALW ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 464.2 Mine action and counter-IED/explosives management ................................................................................................. 474.3 Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) disarmament and non-proliferation ............................................ 484.4 Counter-terrorism measures ..................................................................................................................................................................... 484.5 Illicit Financial Flows .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 504.6 Africa’s Integrated Maritime Strategy (AIMS) ........................................................................................................................... 524.7 AFRIPOL as coordination mechanism .............................................................................................................................................. 52
Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships ................................................................................................................. 545.1 Coordinating function of the PSC .......................................................................................................................................................... 545.2 Intra- and inter-departmental collaboration/coordination ......................................................................................... 555.3 MoU between the AU and the RECs/RMs .................................................................................................................................... 565.4 The AU Liaison Offices ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 575.5 Policy and strategic dialogue within APSA partnerships ................................................................................................ 575.6 Financial ownership of APSA ..................................................................................................................................................................... 58
Cross-cutting issues ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 60
Monitoring and Evaluation ................................................................................................................................................................................... 61
Annex ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 63APSA Roadmap Impact Indicators ........................................................................................................................................................................ 64
Results Framework Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention ..................................................................................................... 66
Results Framework Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management .............................................................................. 81
Results Framework Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building ........................ 96
Results Framework Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues ........................................................................................ 108
Results Framework Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships ....................................................................... 121
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Table of Content
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
List of Abbreviations
ACIRC .............. African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crises
ACSRT ............. African Centre for Studies and Research on Terrorism
AfDB ................ African Development Bank AFRIPOL ........ African Police Cooperation MechanismAIMS ................ Africa’s Integrated Maritime Strategy AHSG ............... African Heads of State and Government AML/CFT ...... Anti-Money Laundering/
Combating the Financing of TerrorismAPSA ................ African Peace and Security Architecture ASC ................... African Standby Capacity ASF ................... African Standby Force ASI ..................... African Solidarity Initiative AU ..................... African UnionAUC .................. African Union Commission AULOs ............ African Union Liaison Offices C3IS .................. Command, Control, Communication
and Information Systems CAAS ............... Conflict Alerting and Analysis Tools CAPCCO ........ Central African Police Chiefs’ Committee CBOs ................ Community Based Organizations CEN-SAD ....... Community of Sahel-Saharan States CEWARN ....... IGAD Early Warning SystemCEWS .............. Continental Early Warning System CISSA ............... Committee of Intelligence and Security
Services of Africa CLB ................... Continental Logistics Base CMCC .............. Continental Movement Control Centres COMESA ....... Common Market for Eastern and
Southern Africa COMWARN COMESA Early Warning SystemConOps ......... Concepts of Operations COPAX ............ Council of Peace and Security in
Central Africa CSCPF ............. Continental Structural Conflict
Prevention Framework CSO .................. Civil Society OrganizationCSVA ................ Country Structural Vulnerability
Assessments CSVMS ........... Country Structural Vulnerability
Mitigation Strategies DDR .................. Disarmament, Demobilization and
Reintegration DDRCP ............ Disarmament, Demobilisation and
Reintegration .............................. Capacity Programme DNFBPs .......... Designated Non-Financial Businesses
and ProfessionsDPA ................... Department for Political Affairs EAC ................... East African Community EACWARN ... EAC Early Warning SystemECCAS ............. Economic Community of Central African
States ECOWAS ....... Economic Community of West African
States ECOWARN ... ECOWAS Early Warning SystemEU ...................... European Union EWR ................. Early Warning Reports
EWS ................. Early Warning Systems FATF ................. Financial Action Task Force FIU .................... Financial Intelligence Unit GBV .................. Gender-Based Violence HR ..................... Human Resources ICT ..................... Information and Communications
Technology IDTFCP ........... Inter-Departmental Task Force on
Conflict Prevention IED .................... Improvised Explosive DeviceIGAD ................ Intergovernmental Authority for
Development KMF ................. Knowledge Management Framework LEAs ................. Law Enforcement AgenciesM&E ................ Monitoring and EvaluationMARAC .......... Early Warning Mechanism on Central
AfricaMoU ................ Memorandum of Understanding on
Cooperation MSU ................. Mediation Support Unit NEPAD ............ New Partnership for Africa’s
DevelopmentNGOs .............. Non-Governmental Organizations OAU ................. Organisation of African UnityPCNA ............... Post-Conflict Needs Assessment PCRD ............... Post-Conflict Reconstruction and
Development PLANELMs ... Planning Elements PSC ................... Peace and Security Council PSD ................... Peace and Security Department PSO ................... Peace Support Operations PSP ................... Peace Strengthening Projects QIPs ................. Quick Impact ProjectsRDC .................. Rapid Deployment Capability RECs ................. Regional Economic CommunitiesRECSA ............. Regional Centre For Small Arms RMCC .............. Regional Movement Control Centres RMs .................. Regional MechanismsSADC ............... Southern African Development
Community SALW ............... Small Arms and Light Weapons SARPCCO ...... Southern African Regional Police Chiefs
Cooperation .............................. Organisation SOP ................... Standard Operating Procedure SSR .................... Security Sector Reform SVA ................... Structural Vulnerability Assessment TCC ................... Troop Contributing Countries TOC .................. Transnational Organized Crime ToR .................... Terms of ReferenceTQM ................ Technical Quarterly MeetingUN ..................... United Nations UXO .................. Unexploded Ordnance VPN .................. Virtual Private Network WAPCCO ....... West African Police Chiefs Committee
Organization WMD .............. Weapons of Mass Destruction
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Executive summary
In line with the Solemn Declaration on the 50th Anniversary of the Organization of African Unity/African Union of the African Heads of State and Government, that was adopted at the meeting of the AU Assembly on 25 May 2013, and in order to substantially contribute to achieving the goals of the AU initiative on “Silencing of the Guns: Pre-requisites for realising a conflict-free Africa by the year 2020”, the “APSA Roadmap 2016-2020” is a strategic document, which builds on the achievements and challenges resulting from the implementation of the previous APSA Roadmap (2011-2013). The Roadmap is the result of an inclusive and participatory process in-volving different departments at the AUC and at the RECs/RMs.
The APSA Roadmap 2016-2020 provides a shared understanding of the results to be achieved by all APSA stakeholders, it articulates a shared understanding of the roles and functions each stakeholder involved in APSA is expected to play; it highlights a shared understanding of the need to increased collaboration and coordination among all stakeholders involved in APSA; and finally the roadmap is the most relevant tool to communicate APSA project plans and expected results to Member States, partners and other external actors.
With a focus on concrete activities and strategic objectives, this Roadmap aims at mapping out a way forward to enable the consolidation of gains made, and address the most pressing challeng-es, so as to make the African Peace and Security Architecture fully functional and operational, and in this way contribute effectively to the maintenance and preservation of peace and security in Africa.
The APSA Roadmap 2016-2020 details the AUC and RECs/RMs joint aims in five strategic priority areas: Conflict prevention (incl. early warning and preventive diplomacy), crisis/conflict man-agement (incl. ASF and mediation), post-conflict reconstruction and peace building, strategic security issues (such as illegal flows of SALW, IEDs, WMD disarmament, counter-terrorism, illicit financial flows as well as transnational organised crime and cyber crime) and coordination and partnerships. In addition, cross-cutting issues are covered by the Roadmap.
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
Foreword
Fourteen years ago, the African Union (AU) started im-plementing the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) as articulated in the 2002 Protocol Relating to the Establishment of the Peace and Security Council (PSC) of the African Union. Since then, the Union has made significant progress, not only in establishing the APSA institutions and mechanisms, but also in increas-ingly utilizing them for the purpose of conflict pre-vention, management and resolution, with a view to promoting “peace, security, and stability on the conti-nent”, as envisaged by the 2000 Constitutive Act of the AU and in lie with the aspirations of the Africa’s people. This is all the more important given the nexus between peace, security and development. The APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020 presented here manifests the continued determination to ensure further progress, and paves the way for future collaboration between the AU, the Regional Economic Communities (RECs) and Regional Mechanisms for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution (RMs) to effectively address security issues and contribute to a more peaceful Africa.
The Roadmap is a strategic document, which builds on the achievements and challenges result-ing from the implementation of previous APSA Roadmaps. It is based on the 2008 Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation in the area of Peace and Security signed between the AU and the RECs/RMs in 2008. The Roadmap is in line with the Solemn Declaration adopted by the As-sembly of AU Heads of State and Government on the 50th Anniversary of the Organization of African Unity/African Union, held on 25 May 2013, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It further serves to achieve the goals of the AU’s initiative on Silencing the Guns: Pre-requisites for realising a conflict-free Africa by the year 2020, in order not to bequeath the burden of conflicts to the next generation of Africans. This Roadmap is the result of an inclusive and participatory process involving different Departments at the AU Commission (AUC) and at the RECs/RMs.
The APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020 provides a shared understanding of the results to be achieved by all APSA stakeholders, articulates a shared understanding of the roles and functions each stakeholder involved in APSA is expected to perform, highlights a shared understanding of the need for increased collaboration and coordination among all stakeholders involved in APSA, and finally, it is the most relevant tool to communicate APSA project plans and expected results to Member States, partners and other external actors.
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With a focus on concrete activities and strategic objectives, this Roadmap aims at mapping out a way forward to enable the consolidation of gains made, and address the most pressing chal-lenges, so as to make the APSA fully operational, and in this way contribute effectively to the maintenance and preservation of peace, security and stability in Africa. The Roadmap details the joint aims of the AUC and the RECs/RMs in five strategic priority areas: Conflict prevention (including early warning and preventive diplomacy), crisis/conflict management (including the African Standby Force and mediation), post-conflict reconstruction and development and peace-building, strategic security issues (such as proliferation of small arms and light weapons, disar-mament, counter-terrorism and transnational organised crime among others), and coordination and partnerships. In addition, cross-cutting issues – such as gender-mainstreaming in peace and security and climate change – are addressed by this Roadmap.
Building on the conclusions of the workshop of the AU-RECs/RMs senior officials and experts held on 19 – 21 November 2013 in Abuja, Nigeria, the 10th meeting of AU-RECs/RMs senior officials held on 20 – 21 November 2014 in Cairo, Egypt, as well as the outcome of the 8th PSC Retreat on enhancement of cooperation between the PSC and the RECs/RMs held on 14 – 16 Septem-ber 2015 in Abuja, Nigeria, the AU and RECs/RMs senior officials finalised this APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020 at their 11th meeting held on 23 – 25 November 2015 in Harare, Zimbabwe.
The APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2010 consists of an introduction, followed by a section that recalls its legal and institutional dimension and a brief review of APSA implementation and progress made so far. In the main part of the Roadmap, APSA strategic priorities and related indicators are detailed. The Roadmap then concludes with brief observations on monitoring and evaluation. A detailed results framework for the various strategic priorities is annexed to the Roadmap.
Making the APSA fully operational through implementing this Roadmap, will further contribute to the capacitation of the AU and the RECs/RMs to effectively address the scourge of conflicts and crises in the continent, and promote lasting peace, security and stability in Africa.
Ambassador Smaïl Chergui AU Commissioner for Peace and Security
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
At the meeting of the African Union Assembly on 25 May 2013, African Heads of State and Gov-ernment (AHSG) adopted a Solemn Declaration on the 50th Anniversary of the Organization of African Unity/African Union (OAU/AU). In this landmark declaration, the Assembly expressed its determination to achieve the goal of a conflict free Africa, to make peace a reality for all people and rid the continent of civil wars, civil conflicts, human rights violations, humanitarian disasters and violent conflicts, and to prevent genocide. The African leaders also pledged not to bequeath the burden of conflicts to the next generation of Africans and undertook to end all wars on the continent by 2020, a commitment that has taken practical expression in the AU initiative on “Si-lencing of the Guns: Pre-requisites for realising a conflict-free Africa by the year 2020”.
As a key component of Agenda 2063, “Silencing the Guns by 2020” underlines the necessity of making the continent’s mechanisms for conflict prevention, management and resolution op-erational at all levels – at the heart of which is a fully functional and operational African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA). Following the recommendations of the APSA Roadmap 2011-2013, priority has been given to pushing ahead with the operationalization of all pillars of APSA, including those tasked with conflict prevention, peacemaking, peacekeeping and peace support operations, national reconciliation and post-conflict reconstruction and development. These are in line with the Strategic Plan of the African Union Commission 2014-2017 (AUC), which posits that “the overall goal of achieving an integrated, prosperous and inclusive Africa at peace with it-self playing a dynamic role on the continent and global arena cannot be realized if durable peace and stability is not established”. In addition, improved harmonisation, collaboration and coor-dination between the AU and the Regional Economic Communities (RECs) and Regional Mecha-nisms for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution (RMs) in the full operationalization of APSA remains a key strategic and operational priority.
The development and implementation of the APSA Roadmap 2016-2020 is guided by the follow-ing principles:
z The Roadmap is informed and driven by the spirit of collective security and self-reliance. z The overarching goals and aspirations of the Roadmap are anchored in, and contribute to-
wards achieving the objectives of “Silencing the Guns by 2020” and the first 10-Year Imple-mentation Plan of the Union’s “Agenda 2063”.
z The Roadmap aims at strengthening ownership, consensus and synergy between the AU and the RECs/RMs.
z Sustainability is at the heart of the APSA Roadmap. z The Roadmap is results-oriented. z The AU maintains a leadership role in the implementation of the APSA Roadmap 2016-2020.
The “APSA Roadmap 2016-2020” is a strategic document, which builds on the achievements and challenges resulting from the implementation of the previous APSA Roadmap (2011-2013). This draft Roadmap aims at mapping out a way forward to enable the consolidation of gains made, and address the most pressing challenges, so as to make APSA fully functional and operational, and in this way contribute effectively to the maintenance and preservation of peace and security in Africa.
Introduction
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This Roadmap is the result of an inclusive and participatory process involving different depart-ments at the AUC and at the RECs/RMs. It fulfils five major functions, which might be summa-rized as follows:
z First, it provides a shared understanding of the results to be achieved by all APSA stakehold-ers. The AUC and the RECs/RMs have collectively developed the roadmap and its results frameworks, and this document reflects a collective agreement on the strategic priorities and on the objectives that need to be reached during the period 2016-2020.
z Second, the roadmap articulates a shared understanding of the roles and functions each stakeholder involved in APSA is expected to play. APSA is intended to effectively deal with a wide range of issues, conflicts and crises, whose nature, intensity and geographical scale vary greatly and require specific and adapted responses. The clarification, common understanding of and the respect for the complementarity between the roles and functions of each stake-holder is crucial to the effective implementation of APSA.
z Third, the roadmap highlights a shared understanding of the need to increased collaboration and coordination among all stakeholders involved in APSA. Not only does APSA deal with a wide range of issues, but it also involves a wide range of stakeholders, of organisations with their own history, mandate, priorities and competences. Bringing all these stakeholders to work in a coordinated manner is a key condition to increase the probability that the expected results might be achieved.
z Finally, the roadmap is the most relevant tool to communicate APSA project plans and expect-ed results to Member States, partners and other external actors. APSA is, indeed, supported by a large number of technical and financial partners. Moreover, APSA is of great interest for Member States and a multitude of actors (other continental bodies, academia, etc.). Having a single communication tool is of utmost importance for clarity and transparency purposes and guide interventions on the continent.
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
At the heart of APSA are the 2000 Constitutive Act of the African Union and the 2002 Protocol Relating to the Establishment of the Peace and Security Council (PSC). APSA aims to outline the system (roles, instruments and procedures) by which the AU, the RECs as well as the RMs can realise their conflict prevention, management and resolution mandates. The APSA, as enshrined in the PSC Protocol, embraces an expanded and comprehensive agenda for peace and security that includes (direct and structural) conflict prevention, early warning and preventive diplomacy, peace-making and peace building, the encouragement and promotion of democratic practices as well as intervention and humanitarian action and disaster management.
Before the transition of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) to the African Union, an OAU Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution existed (it was established July 1993 in Cairo), to provide the Organization with instruments capable of enabling it to deal with the scourge of conflicts and to facilitate collective African action in matters of conflict manage-ment. However, the scope and gravity of the conflicts, as well as their complex nature, soon revealed the limitations of the Mechanism, which among other things, was not equipped with the means for the deployment of peace keeping operations, a responsibility left exclusively to the United Nations (UN).
The AU recognizes eight RECs, including:
z CEN-SAD – Community of Sahel-Saharan States z COMESA – Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa z EAC – East African Community z ECCAS – Economic Community of Central African States z ECOWAS – Economic Community of West African States z IGAD – Intergovernmental Authority on Development z SADC – Southern African Development Community z UMA - Union du Maghreb Arabe
These RECs are also key drivers of African economic and political integration as defined in the 1991 Abuja Treaty.
The path that led to the creation of APSA is rooted in the genesis of the African Union. Concerned by the great number of conflicts that erupted in Africa and their devastating impact on African countries and key events such as the Rwanda genocide, African leaders declared their deter-mination to deal with both inter- state and intra-state conflicts. The promotion of peace and security, therefore, became one of the key objectives of the AU as enshrined in its Constitutive Act. It was adopted on 11 July 2000 at the 36th Ordinary Summit of the OAU in Lomé, Togo; and the African Union was subsequently launched at a summit held in Durban, South Africa, on 9 July 2002. At the same time the RECs/RMs were consolidating their respective legal arrangements. The African Heads of State and Government recognized the negative consequences of violent conflicts on civilians and the impact on socio-economic development and as a consequence en-shrined in the Constitutive Act that the Union shall promote peace, security and stability on the continent; and promote democratic principles and institutions, popular participation and good governance. The adoption of the Constitutive Act marked a radical shift from the cardinal OAU principle of national sovereignty and non-intervention in national affairs. Although the Consti-tutive Act upholds the principle of non-interference, it also reserves the right of the Union “to
APSA Legal and institutional dimensions
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intervene in a Member State in respect of grave circumstances namely: war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity” (article 4h). The Constitutive Act also articulates the inseparable link between development and security, stating in its preamble that “the scourge of conflicts in Africa constitutes a major impediment to the socio-economic development of the continent and of the need to promote peace, security and stability as a prerequisite for the implementation of our development and integration agenda”. On the relationship between the Union on the one hand and the RECs/RMs on the other, the Constitutive Act underlines the need to “coordinate and harmonize the policies between the existing and future Regional Economic Communities for the gradual attainment of the objectives of the Union.”
In furtherance of this new and clear paradigm on security and development, the Union adopted the Protocol Relating to the Establishment of the Peace and Security Council (PSC Protocol), which entered into force on 26 December 2003. The Protocol embraces an expanded and com-prehensive agenda for peace and security that includes conflict prevention, early warning and preventive diplomacy, peace-making, peace support operations and intervention, peace build-ing and post-conflict reconstruction, humanitarian and disaster management. It establishes the PSC as a standing decision-making organ for the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts in the continent and to facilitate timely and efficient response to conflict and crisis situ-ations in Africa. The PSC is supported by further APSA pillars, namely: the Panel of the Wise, the Continental Early Warning System (CEWS), the African Standby Force (ASF) and the Peace Fund. There is a complimentary African Governance Architecture (AGA) that is based on the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance. It was adopted in January 2007 and entered into force in February 2012.
Article 16 of the PSC Protocol deals with the relationship between the AU and the RMs. It states that the RMs are an integral part of APSA. Article 16 furthermore stipulates that with respect to conflict prevention, peacemaking and peacebuilding, there shall be regular exchange of infor-mation, close harmonization, coordination, cooperation and effective partnership between the PSC and the RMs. In addition, the RECs are a constituent part of this continental architecture, and are expected to play a set of vital functions. They are the building blocks of the AU and rec-ognized in the PSC Protocol as part of the overall continental security architecture. In January 2008 a Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation (MoU) in the area of peace and security between the African Union, the RECs and the Coordinating Mechanisms of the Regional Brigades of Eastern Africa and Northern Africa was signed to provide the framework for cooperation in order to strengthen coordination towards their shared goal of ridding the continent of the scourge of conflicts and laying the foundation for sustainable peace, security and stability on the continent.
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
APSA implementation has constantly been reviewed by the PSC. It has also been assessed exter-nally twice, 2010 and 2014. The 2010 assessment “Moving Forward Africa” (the so-called Fisher report) recognised progress particular in those areas where roadmaps had been adopted, i.e. the ASF and CEWS. However, the report also noted that there remained challenges with regard to the vertical integration of APSA (i.e. between the Union and the RECs/RMs) and the limited levels of coordination between other pillars. It also highlighted the need for increased horizontal integration (i.e. within the AUC itself). Various components were developing at different paces, and the level of horizontal coordination had been limited. In addition challenges with regard to APSA’s sustainability and subsidiarity were identified. This assessment has translated into the APSA implementation roadmap for 2011-2013.
With the support of partners, the AU and the RECs used the period 2007 to 2011 to build the Union’s and REC/RM’s capacity for the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts. In particular, the AU and the RECs/RMs focused on developing the APSA pillars. These efforts en-hanced the capacity of the Union and RECs/RMs in designing and implementing conflict early warning systems; strengthened these institutions’ preventive diplomacy capabilities and the planning and conduct of Peace Support Operations (PSOs); and set out to operationalize the ASF by providing the ASF at Union and RECs/RMs levels with the required staff, training and tools to work with. The aim of the APSA Roadmap 2011-2013 was therefore set to achieve the full oper-ationalization of APSA. To this end, significant progress has been made in the operationalization of the APSA as documented in the 2010 and 2014 APSA assessment reports.
The 2014 APSA Assessment, which was tabled in March 2015, mapped out key priorities that are being addressed in the current APSA Roadmap. The Report addresses the following topics: the main APSA pillars, namely the PSC, the Panel, the ASF, CEWS and the Peace Fund; the AU’s stra-tegic partnerships on peace and security with the RECs/RMs, with the UN and with the European Union (EU); mediation and preventive diplomacy; gender, peace and security; disarmament, de-mobilization and reintegration (DDR); security sector reform (SSR); maritime safety and security; counter-terrorism; climate change and security; the AU Border Programme; Post-Conflict Recon-struction and Development (PCRD); the AU Liaison Offices in conflict and post-conflict countries; engagement with Civil Society Organizations (CSOs); donor assistance to APSA; the RECs/RMs’ capacity-building needs for the operationalization of APSA; and the APSA Roadmap.
Notably, the following progress has been made with regard to the five APSA pillars and some other important policy fields.
1. Peace and Security Council
The PSC has become the centre of major decision-making on peace and security on the conti-nent and it is viewed as such by the international community. The PSC provides leadership on peace and security challenges on the continent. It holds meetings and briefing sessions on a timely basis to address conflict and crisis.
The workload of the PSC has grown exponentially because of its visibility and its leadership and coordination role on the continent on issues of peace and security. The PSC has contributed to the resolution of many conflicts in the continent, inter alia in Somalia, Burundi, Mali, the Demo-
Progress made in implementing APSA
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cratic republic of the Congo, Comoros, Madagascar, Côte d’Ivoire and actively involved with the relevant RECs to address threats and conflicts in their regions, for instance in the Central African Republic (CAR), Guinea Bissau, Sudan, South Sudan, Guinea, Niger, Kenya and Mauritania.
What remains to be addressed is the absence of an enforcement and compliance mechanisms with regard to the implementation of decisions made; the low level of interaction between the PSC and similar structures at the REC level; interaction between the PSC, the Panel of the Wise and the Chairperson’s Special Envoys, Representatives and Mediators needs to be structured; and the increasing work load of the PSC Secretariat needs to be addressed.
2. Early Warning
Early Warning Systems (EWS) are established both on the continental and regional levels. The Continental Early Warning system (CEWS) at Union level, regional early warning systems of the Intergovernmental Authority for Development (IGAD: CEWARN), the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS: ECOWARN), the East African Community (EAC: EACWARN), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA: COMWARN), the Economic Commu-nity of Central African States (ECCAS: MARAC). The Southern African Development Community (SADC) early warning system is intelligence based. CEWS, CEWARN and ECOWARN have been rather functional for some time. The early warning systems have been established to provide decision makers at continental level (PSC, the Chairperson, Commissioner and Director of Peace and Security) and at regional level with timely information, analysis and response options.
The CEWS and RECs have made considerable progress in terms of putting the necessary infra-structure, methodology and systems in place. CEWS continuously monitors and gathers infor-mation through its Situation Room, producing various reports, including early warning reports, situation updates, flash reports and weekly updates. The CEWS is making efforts to enhance coordination with AUC Peace and Security Department (AU PSD) Divisions and programmes. An Inter-Departmental Task Force on Conflict Prevention (IDTFCP) has been set up to facilitate dialogue among AUC Departments working on conflict prevention, more specifically structural conflict prevention. CEWARN, COMWARN and ECOWARN, too, have started disseminating EWS to decision-makers.
Coordination between CEWS and the EWS of the RECs continues through regular technical meetings, which are held twice a year. To date, 16 meetings have been held which discussed and reviewed, among other things, the customisation and sharing of CEWS tools as well as joint trainings on Strategic Conflict Assessments. Staff exchange visits and technical support pro-grammes have also been carried out. CEWS continued to provide support in the establishment and strengthening of the EWS of AU Member States to enhance collaboration. Engagement with CSOs has been initiated through a workshop at the Union and the elaboration of modalities for collaboration. Collaboration with the UN (Cluster on conflict prevention), EU (Joint Research Centre) and the World Bank has also been established. Improving connectivity between CEWS and the REC EWS is in progress, three RECs have been connected and the others are in the pro-cess of being connected to the Union’s VSAT (very small aperture terminal) network or other alternative means. CEWS and the RECs are in constant communication through other means, including the CEWS online portal. Progress has also been made in the REC-to-REC cooperation, particularly between CEWARN, EACWARN and COMWARN. The EWS of the Union and the RECs have developed methodological systems of monitoring to help establish a baseline for conflict analysis. The level of harmonisation and coordination between the AU and RMs has made tre-mendous progress and would be maintained and strengthened. The individual EWS of most RECs have made major advances.
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
However, some challenges remain to be vigorously addressed, including the weak linkage be-tween early warning and early response by decision-makers; the gathering of non-adequate data due to the ever-changing conflict dynamics; the low connectivity between the CEWS and the EWS of the RECs; the lack of connectivity between National EWS and REC EWS; and the var-iation of levels of operationalization of various EWS at the level of the RECs.
3. Preventive Diplomacy and Mediation
In its mandate to perform preventive diplomacy functions, the PSC is supported by the AUC Chairperson, which must, under its authority and in consultation with all parties involved in a conflict, deploy efforts and take all initiatives deemed appropriate to prevent, manage and resolve a dispute. Indeed, the chairperson can, at his/her own initiative or when so requested by the PSC, use his/her good offices, either personally or through special envoys, special rep-resentatives, members of the AU Panel of the Wise or RECs/RMs, to prevent potential conflicts and resolve those that do occur. In exercising his/her powers, the chairperson is assisted by the Commissioner for Peace and Security and PSD.
In terms of structured mediation, the AUC Chairperson has frequently appointed special envoys and special representatives to act as the organisation’s mediators. Mediation processes are by their very nature intensive, medium-to-long-term commitments, requiring a permanent, flexible and time-consuming engagement. Not only are the situations under mediation complex and protracted, the very environments within which mediation occurs are at times complex, often with a number of organisations and individuals involved (or wishing to be involved). There are currently approximately 25 high-level representatives, special envoys and special representa-tives deployed across the continent, many of whom act as mediators.
As a preventive diplomacy structure, the Panel of the Wise was constituted under Article 11 of the PSC Protocol to support the efforts of the PSC and those of the AUC Chairperson, particularly in the area of conflict prevention. The Panel is therefore an integral part of the AU preventive diplomatic framework.
The Panel has over the years focused on preventive diplomacy missions, in particular to coun-tries undergoing election processes. In these missions, Panel members provide advice, open channels of communication, carry out fact-finding missions, undertake shuttle diplomacy and promote the adoption of confidence-building measures, among others. In addition, the Panel has included a thematic approach to its work and published a series of documents relating to election related violence, women and children in armed conflict, non-impunity, truth, justice and reconciliation, and strengthening governance for peace, security and stability.
The RECs are developing or have developed corresponding structures to the AU Panel of the Wise. SADC has established a mediation, conflict prevention and preventative diplomatic struc-ture that includes a Panel of Elders and a Mediation Reference Group. ECOWAS has established the Council of the Wise and is in the process of creating a mediation facilitation unit. The EAC has decided to establish a Panel of Eminent Persons and is in the process of establishing a me-diation unit. COMESA has established as part of its preventive diplomatic strategy, a Committee of Elders. In the 2015 crisis in Burundi, COMESA and EAC collaborated closely on mediation. The Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD) has established the Permanent High-Level Me-diator for Peace and Security. IGAD has established a Mediation Unit and uses its committee of Ambassadors for mediation. And ECCAS is in the process of developing its mediation infrastruc-ture with the assistance of the Union.
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In 2013 the AU and the RECs have established the Pan-African Network of the Wise (PanWise) that aims to bring together relevant mediation actors of the Union, the RECs and African civil societies in order to enhance collaboration between the structures and harmonise approaches of the AU and RECs through workshops, joint missions and research.
The establishment of PanWise represents a great opportunity for developing and improving cooperation in the context of the African peace and security framework. Collaboration between the Panel of the Wise and the RECs has been tentative, but effective. ECOWAS and the Pan-el have been engaged in a number of preventive diplomacy and good offices missions, pay-ing particular attention to election-related issues. The level of collaboration with the COMESA Committee of Elders is also very high. The Panel has progressively and effectively established links with all the RECs and has initiated several consultations with RECs to explore modalities of strengthening national capacities and establishing linkages between the national and regional and continental efforts in this regard. Coordination and collaboration efforts being undertaken should be encouraged and further institutionalised to avoid duplication of efforts, overlapping preventive diplomatic processes. The increased operationalization of PanWise is absolutely nec-essary, especially in the spirit of Agenda 2063.
Challenges remain with regard to inadequate levels of interaction between the Panel of the Wise, the PSC and the Chairperson; inadequate involvement of members of the Panel of the Wise in AU-led structured mediation engagements (with AU special envoys, representatives and mediators); the slow process of operationalization of PanWise; and, finally, the insufficient ca-pacity of the Panel of the Wise Secretariat at AU.
4. The African Standby Force
It should be noted as underlined in the ASF Roadmap III that a great deal has been achieved so far in the development of the ASF. These achievements include a suite of common policy docu-ments, an annual continental training implementation and coordination meeting, harmonised training standards and annual training directives that guide Member States and RECs/RMs and facilitate utilization of training centres in implementation of training programmes and standby forces that can be used collectively to address conflicts on the continent.
Good progress has also been made towards developing the Rapid Deployment Capability (RDC) concept. Considerable progress has equally been made in the development of the Civilian and Police Components of the ASF, notably in the area of policy development and the establishment of management capabilities at the strategic level of the AU and the operational level of the RECs/RMs. However, the establishment of the civilian component has continued to lag behind the military and police components.
The ASF assessment report recognises that on the overall, the capacity of African peace support operations has increased in numbers and quality. Implementation of the ASF Action plan 2014-2015 recommended by the independent team of experts has been a good basis and direction to ensure Full Operational Capability for the ASF by the end of 2015. Steps have also been taken to harmonise the ASF and the African Capacity for immediate Response to Crises (ACIRC), including the incorporation of ACIRC into the Amani Africa II Field Training Exercise that is aimed at vali-dating the operational readiness of the ASF.
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
This is in line with the objective of the Union and the 25th AU Assembly’s decision to ensure the development of an ASF capacity that is able to deploy rapidly, with sustainable administrative and logistics support as well as management capabilities. However, the challenge of an ade-quate structure, framework and system to support the planning, deployment, management and sustenance of AU PSOs on a round-the-clock basis remains.
5. Other APSA Programmes
a. Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
In its 10th Anniversary Declaration of May 2014, the PSC called for a stronger and more sustained support to countries emerging from conflict with regard to reconciliation and PCRD. The Decla-ration stresses the importance of consolidating the peace and security gains in the post-conflict phase to prevent relapse into conflict. The importance of post-conflict reconstruction has also been underlined in the Solemn Declaration on the 50th Anniversary of the OAU/AU. The need to support sustainable peace, stability and development in countries that have emerged or emerg-ing from conflict through the APSA is of paramount importance.
The focus of the AUC has been on developing the partnerships to operationalize the PCRD Policy (2006) and put into place the necessary mechanisms and consultative platforms for its imple-mentation. At the AUC-level, there has been a notable increase of joint activities with various Departments of the Commission, particularly with the Department of Political Affairs and of Social Affairs with a view to leveraging the comparative advantage of the various Departments on PCRD. In that regard, in September 2014, the AUC held a joint meeting in Bangui, CAR, on the Union’s support to the transition plan prepared by the CAR authorities. At the national level, the PCRD provided the African Union Liaison Offices (AULOs) with timely support through the fund-ing of Peace Strengthening Projects (PSPs) aimed at addressing early recovery through support to reconciliation processes, peace building and rehabilitation/construction of small infrastruc-ture projects at community level.
The heightened pace of awareness towards the mobilization of alternative resources for Afri-ca’s development as epitomised in the convening of an African Solidarity Conference at level of Heads of State and Government held on 1 February 2014, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, as part of activities marking 50th anniversary of the OAU/AU was a major achievement. A total of USD 3 million was pledged, however, the pledges still need to materialize.
AUC is currently establishing a funding mechanism for the African Solidarity Initiative (ASI). “Champion countries” are being mobilized to steer the process of further resource mobiliza-tion from within Africa. The PCRD is assessing its support to the African Union Youth Volunteer (AUYV) programme with a view to enhancing the collaboration to respond to PCRD strategy and priorities in countries emerging from conflict. Discussions on the location of the AU Centre for PCRD have reached final stages.
At regional level, the RECs as building blocks for peace and security in Africa must be able to articulate clear regional positions on relevant PCRD efforts. However, most of the RECs lack the capacity to undertake this critical role. The AUC is contributing to the establishment of PCRD units and formulation of policies, strategies and programmes at REC level.
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Much work has been done with respect to Security Sector Reform (SSR). The AU Security Sector Policy Framework provides a framework for Member States and the RECs in the formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of SSR processes. The AUC has conducted series of SSR orientation, sensitisation and training at various levels throughout the continent. The AUC undertook assessment missions to Madagascar and CAR and deployed experts to Comoros, CAR and South Sudan. Most RECs are also promoting governance through SSRs and taking initiatives in their various Member States with the active collaboration with internal partners. The joint AU, ECOWAS, EU and UN Security Assessment Mission to Guinea Bissau conducted in March 2015 stands as a good example.
In addition, the AU has developed an AU Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration Ca-pacity Programme (AU DDRCP). The objective of the AU DDRCP is to strengthen capacities within the AUC, its Member States, RECs and RMs. The AU DDRCP was officially launched in 2013. The AUC is already providing assistance to national DDR processes pursuant to requests made by member states. It collaborates closely with international partners. The capacity of the AU and RECs would continue to be enhanced in order to address specific request from Member States.
Remaining challenges include the complex nature of post-conflict issues and the level of re-sources PCRD requires; lack of coordination to align PCRD efforts with other peace and security programs both at the AU and RECs level; understaffed Unit at the level of the AUC and limited financial resources; the low level of capacity at the RECs levels and lack of shared learning be-tween the RECs; and aligning regional peace building objectives to national stabilization plans.
b. Strategic Security Issues
It is recognized that in the past 50 years since the establishment of the OAU, countries in all regions have experienced varying degrees of state fragility, caused by poor economic manage-ment, ethnic conflict and civil wars, and natural and man-made disasters as indicated in the Agenda 2063 framework document. Although African countries are stronger institutionalized today, the threat of state fragility lingers on through important “neighbourhood effects” such as narcotic drugs, maritime piracy, human trafficking and small arms proliferation. The Solemn Declaration on the 50th Anniversary of the OAU/AU expressed the determination of the African Heads of State and Government to eradicate recurrent and address emerging sources of con-flict, including piracy, trafficking in narcotics and human beings, all forms of extremism, armed rebellions, terrorism, transnational organized crime and new crimes such as cybercrime. In its 10th Anniversary Declaration the PSC also noted with concern the growing threat of terrorism in Africa and called on the AUC and the Secretariats of the RECs/RMs to come up with a com-prehensive Union strategy for addressing the phenomenon of extremism, terrorism and other emerging threats to peace and security in Africa such as piracy, human trafficking, drug traffick-ing, religious tensions, and the spread of small arms and light weapons. Furthermore, the PSC calls for the development of mechanisms within APSA to deal with these emerging threats.
The AU and the RECs have developed a number of policies, instruments and tools to address these emerging threats. There are the AU Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) Proliferation Strategy and, at the RECs level, strategies on small arms proliferation, such as the Nairobi Pro-tocol, the Southern Africa Firearms Protocol, the ECOWAS SALW Convention, the Kinshasa Con-vention for the Control of SALW and their Ammunition in Central Africa as well as the Regional Centre For Small Arms, the AU Counter Terrorism model law developed by African Centre for Studies and Research on Terrorism (ACSRT), and the AUC counter terrorism framework. EAC has
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adopted a SALW policy. Some RECs have developed strategies on counter terrorism such as the ECOWAS political declaration on a common position against terrorism, the EAC counter-terror-ism strategy, and IGAD’s Mutual Legal Assistance and Extradition Law.
On maritime security, the AU has adopted the 2050 Africa Integrated Maritime Strategy (2050 AIMS), the governments of West and Central Africa have adopted a declaration on maritime safety and security in their common maritime domain. The Southern and Eastern African RECs, COMESA, EAC, and IGAD together with the Indian Ocean Community have developed and are implementing a regional maritime programme to combat piracy.
However, some challenges remain, such as the need to develop greater cooperation and harmo-nization of continental efforts in combatting terrorism and implementation of the continental frameworks and strategies as well as an effective and appropriate system of follow-up mecha-nisms; the integration of maritime security into the APSA; and the implementation of existing agreements on SALW.
6. Cross cutting Issues
Gender mainstreaming in peace and security: UN Security Council Resolution 1325 is the cor-nerstone on women, peace and security. This global framework is supplemented at the conti-nental level by the AU Solemn Declaration on Gender Equality in Africa which calls for the need to ensure the full and effective participation and representation of women in peace processes including the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts and post-conflict resolutions in Africa. The AU Gender policy seeks to enhance the role of women in creating an enabling, stable and peaceful environment for the pursuit of Africa’s development agenda.
The RECs and their Member States have developed gender policies, adopted gender declara-tions and action plans that guide their gender mainstreaming programmes. The AU has launched a major five-year Gender, Peace and Security Programme 2015-2020. The Programme was mapped out through a long process of consultation with the RECs and CSOs. Since the launch of the Programme, the AU, RECs and CSOs have together developed annual work plans for 2015 and 2016. The work plans would continue to address challenges relating to capacity constraints in implementing and monitoring the Programme at Union and RECs levels, the implementation of joint activities, support given to AU field missions and, the Special Envoy on Women Peace and Security in discharging her duties. The Programme is built on high level of cooperation and collaboration among the AU, RECs, CSOs and relevant partners.
Still, appropriate indicators for gender mainstreaming need to be developed as well as the nec-essary skills to use the relevant tools to monitor the indicators. In addition, staffing levels need to be scaled up to implement the gender programme.
Climate change: The manifold consequences of climate change represent another of the many threats facing Africa. Indeed, climate change is viewed by many as a threat multiplier that ex-acerbates security trends, tensions and stability. The AU is already taking steps to address the effects of climate change through the AU Department of Rural Economy and Agriculture. The Department administers various programmes on climate change, including the Monitoring of Environment and Security in Africa. The Commission supports the African Regional Strategy for disaster risk reduction management by the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). The Commission, the African Development Bank (AfDB) and the UN Economic Commission for Africa are supporting a major initiative, the Global Climate Change Observing System – Africa. The African Climate Policy Centre, which addresses the need for greatly improved climate infor-
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mation for Africa and strengthening the use of such information for decision making for Africa, is operational. There are also several regional initiatives on climate change in Africa like the regional climate change programme for Southern Africa, which has developed GIS (Geographic Information System) risk and vulnerability guidelines for SADC. ECOWAS is attempting to do the same. Structures for climate change and early warning exist in Africa. How these structures would collaborate with the CEWS and the regional early warning mechanisms would need to be studied.
Enhanced coordination and collaboration between the African Union and REC/RMs structures that deal with climate change on the one hand and the early warning and conflict prevention functions of the PSD on the other remain a challenge.
7. Relations between the AU and RECs/RMs in peace and security
The RECs are the building blocks of the African Union and recognized in the PSC Protocol as part of the overall security architecture of the African Union. The MoU between the AU, the RECs and the RMs of the Regional Standby Forces of Eastern Africa and Northern Africa provides the framework for cooperation in order to strengthen coordination towards their shared goal of ridding the continent of the scourge of conflicts and laying the foundation for sustainable peace, security and stability on the continent.
The level of cooperation and coordination between the AU and RECs/RMs is very intensive, particularly in the operationalization of APSA which is one the objectives of the MoU. Liaison Officers to the AU from the RECs/RMs have been established as well as well as AU Liaison offic-es to the RECs/RMs. The establishment of the Liaison Offices by the AU and the RECs/RMs has strengthened linkages between the AU and the RECs/RMs, improving the exchange of informa-tion. The Senior Officials of the AU and RECs/RMs meet regularly to strengthen coordination and harmonization in the area of peace and security and discuss the status of the implementation of the MoU. A Joint Task Force comprising AU Officials and RECs /RMs Liaison Officers to the AU has been established to work out modalities to ensure implementation of the existing policy frame-works regarding AU-RECs/RMs collaboration and coordination in the area of peace and security.
In order to fully optimize the partnership between the AU and the RECs/RMs, the principles of subsidiarity, complementarity and comparative advantage need to be applied. Moreover, the PSC, in a Communiqué issued after its 477th meeting held on 18 December 2014, underscores the importance of building more collaboration and synergy between the PSC and RECs/RMs in the promotion of peace and stability in Africa as envisaged in the PSC Protocol. The Council stressed the need to uphold the principles of subsidiarity and comparative advantage in a way that strengthens the efforts of Africa to achieve durable peace and sustainable development. The PSC also endorsed – through its Communiqué issued after the Council’s 549th meeting held on 9 October 2015 – the conclusions of a retreat on the enhancement of cooperation between the PSC and RECs/RMs held in Abuja, Nigeria from 14 to 16 September 2015, particularly relating to the issue of conflict mediation.
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
The APSA Roadmap 2016–2020: Strategic Priorities and Indicators
This Roadmap is based on an agreed planning methodology, with clear objectives and priorities for 2016-2020 and the main strategies for achieving them. The emphasis of this Roadmap is on implementation and an adequate monitoring and evaluation mechanism. Another principle that guided the development of the Roadmap is the strong need for commu-nication, cooperation and coordination between the AU, the RECs/RMs and other international actors. As far as possible, the facilitation of synergies would be encouraged. The Union and the RECs/RMs have limited resources, and therefore every effort should be made to avoid duplica-tion and overlaps, which lead to inefficient use of resources.
The Roadmap is built on five thematic priorities with clear broad objectives defined for each the-matic priority covering the conflict prevention, management and resolution cycle, as indicated below and as elaborated in the accompanying framework:
1 Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention
2 Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
3 Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peacebuilding
4 Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
5 Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships
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Conflict prevention involves, simultaneously, a direct and operational focus of intervening before violence occurs as well as a systematic, strategic focus of addressing the root, proximate, and structural causes of conflict. Effective pre-ventive action is the accurate identification of factors and timely combined applica-tion of structural and direct prevention measures. Within the context of APSA, the development and implementation of early warning systems at the AU and the RECs have been priority activity areas, marked by the strengthening of existing EWS as well as the development of an early warning capability at some of the RECs where this capability did not exist. These developments have been guided by the principles of comparative advantage, non-duplication of efforts as well as harmonisation, coordination and collaboration as conflict prevention is enhanced by coordi-nation through collaborative data gathering and joint analysis by relevant APSA stakeholders.
Central to APSA’s fulfilment of direct and structural prevention is the coordination and collabo-ration between the EWS in place and/or under operationalization at the AU and the RECs/RMs, the various panels of the wise/panels of elders (at AU and RECs/RMs) mandated with conflict prevention responsibilities and the high level decision-makers that in each institution are tasked with conflict prevention responsibilities (at AU, the AU PSC and the AUC Chairperson).
The overall strategic objective of strategic priority 1 is to contribute to effective, coordinated and timely direct and structural prevention of conflicts and crises by the AU and the RECs/RMs.
Strategic Objective 1 Indicators z Evidence of enhanced capacity of CEWS and EWS of the RECs/RMs to individually and
collaboratively monitor, collect and analyse data on the basis of tools and methodologies developed
z Conflict prevention interventions (direct and structural) are informed by systematic/joint early warning and analysis
z Direct conflict prevention interventions by AU/RECs/RMs (preventive diplomacy) are timely, coordinated and effective
z Evidence of structural prevention responses/interventions z Evidence of APSA stakeholders cooperation in preventive actions z Evidence of use of early warning reports by decision makers.
Strategic priority 1 has been divided into six specific objectives, each of them addressing one major obstacle to effective response. They are presented in the following sections.
1.1 Capacities of CEWS and the EWS
Although well advanced with regards to the implementation of event data collection tools and data management and sharing tools, as well as the required Information and Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure and methodologies, full implementation of the AU CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs (ECOWARN, CEWARN, COMWARN, EACWARN, among others),data collection and monitoring tools has not yet been fully achieved. This is due to: rapid changing nature of conflicts and their dynamics requiring a constant re-assessment of the adequacy of
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1 Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
existing data collection tools; insufficient human resources; methodology handbooks and Stand-ard Operating Procedures (SOPs) is not always followed by analysts and not always relying on data generated by existing tools; limited frequency of early warning reports; inadequate feed-back from decision-makers on early warning reports; absence of structured interaction between CEWS/EWS-RECs and relevant staff from other departments. With regards to analysis, AU CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs need to strengthen the quality, frequency and timeliness of early warning reports, situation updates, flash reports, weekly updates and other types of reports, including the strengthening of scenario-building and policy/response options contained therein. Moreover, and with specific reference to EWS at the RECs currently in early stages of develop-ment, additional efforts must be taken to accelerate the development of methodologies and tools for data gathering and analysis as well as capacity for the production of early warning and other types of reports.
The specific objective 1 is therefore to enhance the capacity of the AU CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs to systematically monitor, collect and analyse relevant information in order to provide timely early warning reports, updates and other types of reports.
Priority 1 Specific Objective 1 indicators z Existing data collection, analysis and methodology tools developed, tested, fully imple-
mented and customised z Evidence of improved quality of data gathered (widened variety, timeliness, relevance,
verifiable) z Evidence of trend tracking tools fully implemented (where applicable: Africa Reporter,
CAAS, Democracy Trends Reports) z Increased consistency in the production of early warning reports by CEWS and EWS of the
RECs/RMs z Increased frequency of production of early warning alerts by CEWS/EWS-RECs z Evidence of data tools usage in the reports z Reports following adopted methodologies z Evidence of interaction with the PSD/Department of Political Affairs (DPA)/RECs staff in
terms of peer reviews, joint writing of reports including situational and analysis reports z Evidence of AU CEWS and EWS of the RECs/RMs use of AU DPA Election Risk Management
Tools or similar tools at REC level z Evidence of the RECs/RMs use of Election observation and Political Analysis Reports z Percentage of African borders demarcated z Number of African States having established National Border Commissions to manage
their borders
The main strategies envisaged to reach this objective focus on two key dimensions: (i) the full operationalization of the data collection, monitoring and analysis systems at both AU and RECs; and (ii) the improvement of the quality and quantity of early warning reports by AU CEWS and EWS of the RECs/RMs. In the first dimension, a series of activities are envisaged, including, cus-tomisation of existing data collection and analysis tools; operationalization of new tools (i.e. Conflict Alerting and Analysis Tools (CAAS) as well as ICT infrastructure support and secure ac-cess). With relation to the second key dimension (frequency and quality of reporting) strate-gies include: the recruitment of requisite number of staff; the expansion of coverage of conflict typologies and geographical areas; training of AUC and RECs/RMs staff (on tools; on conflict analysis; on statistical analysis) and also a survey of analysts, desk officers and decision makers.
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1.2 Interaction between CEWS, regional and national EWS
Although working relations between CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs have been marked by increased collaboration over the years (Technical Quarterly Meetings, joint briefings, technical support missions, experience sharing, etc.), there is still quite some way to go in terms of sys-tematic collaboration on data collection, early warning analyses and other activities. This limited systematic collaboration is due to, inter alia, technological and methodological challenges (lack of system of data and information sharing; need to continue to co-develop data collection tools; actual sharing of information); varying stages of operationalization of early warning systems; challenges of information and analysis sharing related to political will.
The specific objective 2 is therefore to deepen the substantive and systematic interaction be-tween CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs, between the EWS of the RECs/RMs, and between CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs and their national early warning systems.
Priority 1 Specific Objective 2 indicators z The CEWS and the EWS of the RECs are regularly connected z The EWS of the RECs are regularly connected z Evidence of institutionalised early warning systems’ systematic sharing of data (increase
in information sharing) z Evidence of strengthened collaboration z Attendance and participation by CEWS and EWS of the RECs at the Technical Meetings z Evidence of information sharing between CEWS and EWS as well as between RECs z Evidence of analysis sharing and co-development of scenario-building and policy response
options formulation z The RECs and their national early warning units are regularly connected and systematical-
ly share data
The main strategies envisaged to reach this objective focus on simultaneously strengthening the connectivity (from a technical ICT perspective) between the CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs and between the EWS of the RECs/RMs; as well as activities geared towards institutional-izing the sharing of data, information and analysis between the CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs on on-going and developing situations. With relation to the first area of focus, activities envisaged include ensuring connectivity via the AU VSAT; purchasing the necessary equipment and securing access; addressing the issues relating to hosting application tools. In terms of the former dimension (related to efforts at institutionalizing collaboration), strategies and activities focus on supporting the RECs/RMs with the operationalization of their EWS (particular those at earlier stages of development) through the provision of training and experience-sharing, and activities focused on deepening the collaboration on analysis (including scenario-building and policy options formulation; expanding the practice of weekly joint briefings; conducting further CEWS simulations with the RECs/RMs and promoting joint analyses; promoting deeper exchang-es of experience between EWS of the RECs.
1.3 Engagement of CEWS/EWS with decision-makers
The two APSA assessments (2010 and 2014) pointed to the limited interaction or “modest en-gagement” between CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs and their respective decision-makers, which limits the efficacy of early warning information and analysis. In the case of CEWS, this interaction relates particularly to the PSC, the office of the Chairperson and other structures and organs of the AU (Panel of the Wise, DPA, etc.). This “modest engagement” is in part due
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
to: (i) limited opportunities for direct interaction between CEWS/RECs and their respective de-cision-makers; (ii) established information flows at AUC and also at RECs levels which make di-rect interaction difficult; (iii) in the case of the AU, limited understanding by AU structures and organs of what CEWS does and what outputs/products it produces; and (iv) lack of monitoring and feedback mechanisms allowing CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs to measure quality of interaction, quality of outputs, needs of decision makers, etc.
Specific objective 3 is therefore to enhance engagement between CEWS, the EWS of the RECs/RMs and national early warning centres with their respective decision-makers.
Priority 1 Specific Objective 3 indicators z Evidence of interaction between CEWS and the PSC z Evidence of interaction between EWS and relevant statutory bodies z Evidence of early warning reports being pushed up the decision-making structure (either
in their ‘pure’ form or used in other reports such as the Chairperson’s Report to the PSC) z Evidence of deeper inter-departmental collaboration in briefing relevant decision makers
at AU (PSD, DPA, others) z At REC level evidence of increased production and dissemination of reports to deci-
sion-makers z Evidence of decision makers at different levels using and taking into account the analysis
and recommendations contained in the Early Warning Reports (EWRs) and briefings z Feedback on the quality of reports obtained from decision-makers/others as appropriate
The first set of strategies envisaged to reach this objective focuses on enhancing the opportuni-ties for interaction, including briefings and meetings between the CEWS and AU decision-mak-ers (PSC, Chairperson, Commissioners) as well as the EWS of the RECs and their respective de-cision-makers. This includes activities geared towards exploring all possible opportunities for interaction in the context of each institution (including joint briefings with other departments); the improvement of reporting templates and the further institutionalization of verbal briefings; deployment of CEWS and EWS of the RECs/RMs information and sensitization campaigns with-in their institutions; developing feedback mechanisms whereby decision-makers systematically provide comments and inputs on early warning products; and, substantive involvement of de-cision-makers (including at national level) in assessments conducted (example: structural vul-nerability assessments, SVAs). Second, this objective will require the CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs to support the development of national early warning capabilities (where appropri-ate) through training and capacity building, the regular exchange of information and analysis with Member States’ institutions, and, the hosting of joint simulation exercises with national early warning centres.
1.4 Collaboration of CEWS/EWS with external stakeholders
Comprehensive, timely and effective early warning information and analysis requires close col-laboration with key stakeholders such as parliamentarians, partner organisations, in particular African CSOs (NGOs, research centres, academic institutions, think-tanks, CBOs) and interna-tional organisations such as the UN, the World Bank and others. Both the AU and the RECs/RMs regard collaboration with CSOs/International Organisations on matters of data collection and analysis sharing as necessary for the successful operation of their early warning systems. African and Africa-based academics, researchers, development practitioners, humanitarian re-lief personnel, representatives of community based organisations, professional associations and
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women’s and youth groups, professionals, etc., possess an impressive wealth of knowledge and experience, wide access to information and local actors – all of which can strengthen the quality of the outputs produced by the CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs.
Yet, as pointed out in the 2014 APSA assessment, although at AU level engagement with CSOs has been initiated and collaboration with the UN (cluster on conflict prevention), the EU (joint research centre) and the World Bank has been established, there continues to be limited sub-stantive interaction between CEWS and RECs/RMs and stakeholders such as CSOs, international organisations and bilateral countries (here the exception being ECOWARN and WANEP). Part of the reasons for this are related to a lack of detailed understanding of what exactly CEWS/EWS of the RECs/RMs do (particularly their data collection tools, methodology and approach; a closed system that uses open-source information); lack of appropriate ‘points of entry/contact’ for external stakeholders to interact on data gathering; analysis and formulation of options; and, ultimately, lack of political will – as can be seen for instance in the AU, and some of the RECs.
Specific objective 4 is therefore to enhance collaboration between CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs with relevant external stakeholders with regards to information and analysis shar-ing as well as development of policy and response options.
Priority 1 Specific Objective 4 indicators z CEWS-CSOs and other stakeholders Modalities for Collaboration approved and imple-
mented z CSOs, International Organisations, Academia, Think Tanks, and parliaments are ‘plugged
into the system’ (information sharing) and contribute with data collection, monitoring and analysis
z CEWS and RECs hold briefing sessions with CSOs/International Organisations/Academia and Think Tanks
The main strategies envisaged to reach this objective focus on the establishment of regular and systematic communication channels between the CEWS/EWS of the RECs/RMs and relevant ex-ternal stakeholders (development of the CEWS Portal, joint briefing sessions); development of the necessary ICT requirements so that relevant external stakeholders can plug into the various systems’ tools (even data collection, indicator monitoring; other points of entry, such as analy-sis); adoption and implementation of a CEWS-CSOs modalities of collaboration framework; and, establishment and strengthening of linkages and networks with national and subnational CSOs. In addition, and in order for relevant stakeholders to meaningfully contribute to the efforts of CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs, training and capacity building activities to CSOs, academic organisations and think tanks in the field of early warning, structural vulnerability analysis and conflict prevention more broadly are planned.
1.5 Capacity for structural conflict prevention
The AU and the RECs/RMs acknowledge that conflict prevention must include both a direct focus of intervening before large-scale violence occurs (preventive diplomacy and associated tools), as well as focus on the structural (root) causes of conflict. However, structural conflict prevention remains at an incipient stage at both continental and sub-regional levels. This is de-spite the fact that, for instance, the African Union Border Programme (AUBP) is systematically addressing the continent’s poorly defined borders in an attempt to prevent conflict that could stem from disputed borders. The Union has also addressed the issue of structural conflict pre-vention in numerous key policy documents (on human rights, governance, democratisation, the
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fight against corruption, disarmament, socio-economic development, management of natural resources among many others). However, it was not until 2014 that a specific framework on structural conflict prevention has been adopted (it was finally endorsed by the PSC on 29 April 2015). The Continental Structural Conflict Prevention Framework (CSCPF) aims at strengthening the AU’s direct prevention actions with activities to assist Member States in addressing/identi-fying structural vulnerability of countries to conflict at an early stage and is to be supported by the AUC Inter-Departmental Taskforce on Conflict Prevention (IDTFCP).
At the same time, the African Union has adopted an African Governance Architecture (AGA), through the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance (2007). It is aiming at ad-dressing many of the dimensions of structural vulnerability, including good governance, the rule of law, democracy and human rights, popular participation, management of public funds and service delivery among others.
Implementation of the CSCPF is still at an incipient stage, a result of lack of resources (staff and financial), the need to mainstream conflict prevention (in its various dimensions) in the work of the AUC, among others. Moreover, linkages between APSA and AGA as well as the AU and the RECs in the domain of structural conflict prevention remain tenuous, partly as a result of a lack of communication and collaboration between different departments at AUC, and between the AU and the RECs.
Specific objective 5 is therefore to enhance the capacity for structural conflict prevention by the AU and the RECs.
Priority 1 Specific Objective 5 indicators z At Continental level, the CSCPF is finalised (reviewed by PSD and other stakeholders) and
shared z CSVAs are conducted jointly with relevant RECs z Results of the CSVA are communicated to the IDTFCP and to decision-makers z IDTFCP meets regularly z Decision-makers take into account the analysis and results of the CSVA z The AUC gradually develops an early/early prevention posture z Increased harmonization between APSA and AGA z Deepened link between the AU and the RECs on structural conflict prevention z Evidence of coordination with RECs/RMs on border management and cross border coop-
eration z Evidence of implementation of the (to be) adopted Enhanced Border Management
Strategy
The main strategies and activities envisaged for this objective include aspects related to the finalization and operationalization of related policies, mainstreaming conflict prevention as well as enhancing APSA actors’ capacity to undertake structural vulnerability analysis/assessments. At continental level for example, this includes the operationalization of the CSCPF and the con-duct of CSVAs and Country Structural Vulnerability Mitigation Strategies (CSVMS) while at REC/RM level it includes the operationalization of existing conflict prevention frameworks. Activities focusing on the mainstreaming conflict prevention across the AU Commission but also at the various RECs/RMs are central to this strategy – for example, at the AUC this includes regular meetings of the IDTFCP.
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In addition, activities are proposed in the context of strengthening the institutional linkages between the APSA and the AGA to support and complement the efforts of Member States to achieve their commitments in terms of human rights and the rule of law, popular participation, management of public funds, transparency, elections among others. This includes the regular provision by the AGA Secretariat of situational analysis to the PSC; AGA participation at the IDTFCP; conduct of joint missions between DPA and PSD; and elections/post-election joint as-sessments.
In terms of capacity development, strategies include the sharing of existing methodologies, manuals and SOPs by the CEWS with relevant RECs/RMs, as well as the training of analysts with regards to structural vulnerability assessments. It also includes the joint development by CEWS and the EWS of the RECs/RMs of CSVAs.
1.6 Capacity to deploy and conduct preventive diplomacy
The costs of managing conflict once it has erupted (whether in fielding peacekeeping operations or providing humanitarian relief), of engaging in lengthy mediation and peace-making efforts, as well as the very high costs of recovery (rebuilding economic and socio-political systems) and the incalculable costs in human suffering and loss of human capital have underscored the concern with conflict prevention at continental and sub-regional levels. Indeed, recognising that the hu-man, financial and material costs of prevention are considerably less than the devastating con-sequences of armed violence, the AU and the RECs have for more than two decades developed policies and instruments designed to prevent violent conflict.
Nevertheless, there is a sense that a ‘culture of fire fighting’ prevails, with these organisations tending to act (or being prompted to act) only when situations have already turned violent. At both AU and REC levels there are several actors with a direct conflict prevention mandate – at the AU, for example, the PSC, the Chairperson, the Panel of the Wise as well as special repre-sentatives/envoys appointed by the Chairperson can undertake preventive diplomacy missions. Likewise, at the RECs/RMs several actors are tasked with conflict prevention responsibilities. The prevalence of a ‘culture of fire fighting’ appears to be related to overall capacity, resources as well as these organisations’ need not to loose focus on on-going high intensity conflicts/on-go-ing peace support operations. Yet, this can also be attributed to a lacking culture of prevention as well as the ad-hoc nature of decision-making, planning and deployment of preventive diplo-macy missions (absence of a preventive diplomacy system).
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Specific objective 6 is therefore to enhance the capacity of the AU and the RECs to effectively deploy and conduct preventive diplomacy (direct prevention).
Priority 1 Specific Objective 6 indicators z Evidence of frequency, relevance and efficacy of preventive diplomacy missions undertak-
en by the AU and the RECs (good offices, fact finding, conciliation, pre-election missions) z At the AU, evidence of closer coordination between PSC, Chairperson, Special Envoys and
Members of the Panel of the Wise (both informal as well as formal through participation in PSC meetings, etc.)
z Members of the Panel of the Wise/Friends of the Panel/PanWise are regularly tasked with preventive diplomacy missions
z REC Policy Organs task their respective Councils of Elders or similar structures to under-take preventive diplomacy actions
z Evidence of preventive diplomacy missions undertaken by Councils of Elders or similar structures
z Confidential reports of Councils of Elders or similar structures presented to decision mak-ers
z PSC and AUC Chairperson as well as Executive Secretary’s at RECs regularly conduct pre-ventive diplomacy missions/other undertakings
z Knowledge Management Framework (KMF) implemented as part of an M&E system z Evidence of joint missions with RECs under the PanWise umbrella z Evidence of strengthened capacity for direct prevention at national level (national infra-
structures for peace)
There are two main strategies to attain the objective above, particularly with regards to an in-crease on frequency, relevance and efficacy of preventive diplomacy missions undertaken by the AU and the RECs. On the one hand, AU and RECs/RMs actors involved in preventive diplomacy missions must be equipped with the relevant skills, capacities and support required for timely and effective interventions. This involves: targeted training based on needs assessment to spe-cial envoys, representatives and members of the Panel of the Wise; finalization of recruitment and training of staff for the various existing institutions/organs responsible for preventive diplo-macy (AUC, Panel of the Wise Secretariat and related institutions at the RECs/RMs); implemen-tation of the KMF as well as the 2012 mediation SOPs to preventive diplomacy interventions; creation and operationalization of an operational support team; operationalization of PanWise; among others.
Furthermore, and in order for a more predictable and integrated preventive diplomacy system to develop, strategies at the AU level are geared towards enhancing the coordination between the PSC, the Chairperson, special envoys, special representatives and members of the Panel of the Wise. With regards to AU and RECs/RMs, the strengthening of linkages with regard to pre-ventive diplomacy missions, including decision-making, planning and deployment of joint mis-sions is key. Indeed, the strategic objective defined above depends on a clearly defined system and process for decision-making, planning, deployment and conduct of preventive diplomacy missions in a coordinated fashion – both within as well as across APSA institutions. Here, the first and perhaps most important activity relates to the finalization of the consultations for the AU Mediation Support Unit (MSU) as well as those at the RECs/RMs. In addition, the development of an integrated preventive diplomacy and mediation strategy (capturing the two different but complementary dimensions) is envisaged as a priority activity. Finally, it is critical that the AU and the RECs/RMs develop outreach and information actions focusing on their actual roles in direct conflict prevention as well as develop strategies for fund raising and sustainability.
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2 Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
The AU and the RECs/RMs are increasingly deploying African-led peace sup-port operations in response to crisis and conflict situations across the conti-nent. Although the political will to undertake such operations has grown rapidly, the operational ability to do so still requires significant investment. To ensure that African peace operations can deploy rapidly when required, and be effective throughout the duration of their deployment, the operational readiness of the African Standby Force (ASF), and the planning, management, deployment and sustainment of Africa peace support operations, need to be enhanced.
The increase in opportunities for peace-making by regional and sub-regional organisations, and by civil society organisations including NGOs and CBOs has resulted in an exponential growth in mediation interventions in Africa at multiple levels. Mediation is increasingly used by the UN, AU, RECs/RMs and at national level as an approach to the peaceful settlement of disputes and conflicts. This form of peace-making is here understood as a structured process, involving a third party who is not a party to the conflict, the acceptance of mediation and a particular mediator by parties to a dispute, and the voluntary nature of agreements reached. As noted in the 2014 APSA assessment, in most of the major conflicts in Africa, the AU has either engaged directly in mediation or supported mediation led by one of the RECs. Indeed, between 2007 and 2014, the African Union deployed special envoys, special representatives or mediators to Guinea, Mada-gascar, Guinea-Bissau, Comoros, Niger, Burundi, CAR, Somalia, Sudan, the Great Lakes Region, Liberia and Mali. The importance, complexity and difficulty of mediation and preventive diplo-macy require a systematic and professional approach, where collaboration and coordination between actors and a high level of expertise and professional support are required.
The first objective for strategic priority 2 of the roadmap is therefore to contribute to enhanced operational readiness of the ASF, and more effective African PSOs.
First Strategic Objective 2 Indicators z Evidence of cooperation between AU, RECs/RMs and Member States in the develop-
ment and retention of PSO capabilities z Evidence of cooperation between AU, RECs/RMs and Member States in the planning
and deployment of operations z Evidence of systems and procedures which enable the deployment of PSOs z Evidence of timely deployment of operations within the context of relevant frameworks z Evidence of effective planning and management of operations
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The second objective for the strategic priority 2 of the roadmap is to contribute to the effective and coordinated management and resolution of conflicts and crises through mediation by the AU and the RECs.
Second Strategic Objective 2 Indicators z Evidence of timely and coordinated mediation interventions by the AU,
RECs/RMs z Evidence of enhanced capacity at the AU, RECs/RMs to plan, deploy, manage
and support mediation interventions z Evidence of enhanced capacity by actors at national level to plan and conduct mediation
interventions z Evidence of enhanced cooperation between the AU, RECs/RMs and the UN on media-
tion interventions
Strategic priority 2 has been broken down into six specific objectives, each of them addressing one major obstacle to effective response. They are presented in the following sections.
2.1 Political/legal decision-making mechanisms
Decision-making for an ASF operation (mandated to use force) requires consultations that will help determine an appropriate framework, scope and resource requirements for such engage-ment. In this regard, consultations and actions are required at principally four levels, including the UN; the AU; the concerned REC/RM; and the potential Troop and Police Contributing Coun-tries. Coherent and well sequenced decision making is critical to ensuring that an ASF operation is able to respond swiftly and deploy rapidly within the specified deployment timeframes, for instance 14-days in the case of rapid response to mass atrocities, war crimes and crimes against humanity (Scenario 6, ASF Policy Framework). It is also critical to ensure that an operation has the requisite authority and legitimacy. If political and legal decision-making and authorisation is lacking any, limited to and/or slow at all (or any of the) four levels of actors, this can significantly impede rapid deployment. In this regard, political and legal decision-making processes at the four levels need to be synchronised and/or streamlined to facilitate expedited mandating and rapid deployment processes.
The specific objective 1 is therefore to ensure that political and legal decision making mecha-nisms are clarified, harmonised and structured between specifically the AU and the RECs/RMs so as to enable more effective cooperation in the mandating, deployment and management of operations.
Priority 2 Specific Objective 1 indicators z Existence and utilisation of harmonised and streamlined policies, guidance
and procedures (between the AU and the RECs/RMs) informing PSO mandating and decision making for the planning, deployment and management of PSOs
z Evidence of planned and structured consultations amongst AUC Departments and Divi-sions on the planning, mandating/decision making and deployment of PSOs
z Evidence of joint AU and RECs/RMs planning, programming and assessment in relation to the development and enhancement of the ASF
z Evidence of joint AU and RECs/RMs analysis and planning for operations z Evidence of AU and RECs/RMs coordination/collaboration in the preparation of deploy-
ments z Evidence of timely deployment of operations z Increased rapidity in the deployment of PSOs
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The main set of strategies/activities envisaged for the fulfilment of this objective are focused on ensuring consultation and agreement amongst the AU, RECs/RMs and Member States to consider the harmonisation and streamlining of their political and legal instruments, procedures and timeframes in support of rapid and well-coordinated responses. Specifically, this will include workshops (of the concerned decision makers of the AU, RECs/RMs and Member States) that will generate concrete recommendations (on harmonisation and coordination of decision-making), which in turn will be submitted for formal endorsement and action. A second set of activities are targeted at actions that need to be taken by the planning elements at the AU and RECs/RMs to assess each procedure within the decision-making chain and to define and assign responsi-bilities as appropriate. The review of the MoU on Cooperation in the Area of Peace and Security between the AU and the RECs/RMs will need to be facilitated to, amongst other aspects, provide guidance on legal and procedural aspects as concerned with the mandating, planning, deploy-ment, management, sustenance and liquidation of ASF operations. All relevant personnel will require good orientation and training on legal and procedural aspects of the ASF. Additionally, the AU and RECs/RMs will need to review all existing legal arrangements for ongoing peace sup-port operations with the view to ensure a sound legal basis and framework for the employment of the ASF. The last set of activities will pertain to meetings and processes for the development of a system to monitor decision-making and implementation for the ASF.
2.2 Capacity to plan, deploy, manage, sustain and liquidate
The Planning Elements (PLANELMs) were established to serve as management capability for the ASF and exist at the level of the AU and the RECs/RMs. The AU PLANELM serves as the strate-gic-level whilst the RECs/RMs PLANELMs serves at the operational level. RECs/RMs PLANELMs also serve as strategic level for operations they mandate, and in this instance, the AU PLANELM provides strategic support to the mandating REC/RM. In broad terms the PLANELMs are respon-sible for the management of pre-deployment, deployment and post deployment processes for the ASF. Although significant steps have been taken to ensure multidimensional, well-resourced and effective PLANELMs, progress across the AU and regions has been mostly mixed and un-even. It is generally recognized that more work and emphasis should be placed on ensuring appropriate structures for the PLANELMs, which should also be staffed with highly skilled and capable planners. The AU and regional PLANELMs should ensure they possess the full suite of policy guidance and Standard Operating Procedures that will inform and guide their efforts. There is need to also ensure greater collaboration and communication between the AU and the Regional PLANELMs. In this regard, the AU will be required to play a stronger role in terms of leadership and guidance on the ASF. This element has been notably challenging to date.
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The specific objective 2 is therefore to enhance the capacities of planning elements as well as to ensure they possess the required systems, processes and policies to adequately plan, de-ploy, manage, sustain and liquidate peace support operations.
Priority 2 Specific Objective 2 indicators z Existence of adequate human resources capacity within the planning elements z Existence of planning and deployment guidelines, policies and procedures aligned to cur-
rent realities and developments z Evidence of formal approval of guidelines, policies and procedures z Evidence that PSO planners (at the AU and REC/RM levels) are well oriented and knowl-
edgeable of the guidelines, policies and procedures and are accordingly able to apply these in planning for operations
z Domestication of ASF guidelines, policies and procedures by the RECs/RMs and Member States at the regional and Member States levels respectively
z Evidence that the AU and RECs/RMs systematically apply guidance, policies and proce-dures in planning, deployment, management, sustainment and liquidation of PSOs
z Evidence of the allocation of the required resources to the planning elements z Evidence of increased PSO efficiency
The main set of strategies/activities envisaged for the fulfilment of this objectives include indi-vidual and joint assessments of the AU and RECs/RMs to confirm critical gaps (policies, Standard Operation Procedures, staffing, expert/niche capacities etc.) that need to be addressed, and recommendations and plans to address these gaps. Steps will also be taken to review the Aide Memoire on planning for ASF operations and this aide memoire should receive full support and endorsement by the AU and RECs/RMs. The latter should be directed to domesticate the planning guidance as relevant. There should also be activities to ensure improved staffing (qual-itative and quantitative) of the PLANELMs and such a process should include a skills audit and assessment; training and recruitment. Emphasis should also be placed on further developing the planning and management capacity of the various planners at the continental and regional PLANELMs.
2.3 Mission support systems and mechanisms
The development of effective mission support strategies, systems and mechanisms which can underpin the rapid deployment of peace support operations to the field, and which can ensure that these operations can be sustained for the duration of deployment, are critical for the con-duct of African peace support operations.
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The specific objective 3 is therefore to establish critical mission support systems and mecha-nisms as well as robust administrative and logistics policies and processes for deployment, management, sustenance and liquidation of operations.
Priority 2 Specific Objective 3 indicators z Establishment and operationalisation of the ASF Continental Logistics Base to facilitate
mission start-up z Establishment of an AU and RECs/RMs administrative and logistics support system, mech-
anism, process and framework for ASF operations z Existence of formal agreements between AU and its partners on administrative and logis-
tics support mechanisms for AU PSO z Evidence of joint assessments between the AU, RECs/RMs and other partners on strate-
gic lift capabilities on the continent, including continental movement coordination and facilitation
z Existence of formal agreements concluded between AU and its partners on support for AU PSO strategic lift capabilities and continental movement coordination and facilitation
z Existence of formal agreements concluded between AU and Member States strategic lift capabilities on support for AU PSO
z Existence of formal agreements concluded between AU and its partners on support for AU PSO strategic lift capabilities and continental movement coordination and facilitation
z Establishment and operationalisation of the ASF Continental C3IS architecture and system z Establishment and operationalisation of the ASF Continental and Regional Movement
Control Centres (CMCC) and (RMCC) respectively
2.4 Capacities and capabilities pledged/on standby
The demand for skilled and trained personnel for the conduct of peace support operations con-tinues to grow. In this regard, the AU and the RECs/RMs have invested in the development of the African Standby Capacity (ASC), a continental roster that can be utilized to support the re-cruitment and deployment needs for African peace support operations. As the roster has been developed and is in place, it now needs to be populated with personnel, and utilized to service recruitment needs for operations.
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The specific objective 4 is therefore to ensure the efficiency of the ASF human resource man-agement.
Priority 2 Specific Objective 4 indicators z Existence of harmonised training standards and directives z Existence of training evaluation, assessment, certification, verification systems z Evidence of adequate capacity by training centres and institutions to support AU in facil-
itating required and targeted training processes using AU harmonised training standards in line with Annual ASF Training directives
z Continuation of the Training Centres Programme to facilitate support to training institu-tions to deliver and conduct training for the AU and ASF
z Evidence that the ASF has sufficiently qualified and skilled capacities and capabilities (mil-itary, police and civilian) pledged/on standby and on the ASC Roster
z Evidence of the promotion and utilisation of the ASC roster as a recruitment tool and ap-proved human resource policy frameworks and field operations procedures that facilitate rapid deployment and management of field personnel
z Evidence and utilisation of adequate (civilian) recruitment/deployment policies and pro-cesses for field missions
z Evidence of training and rostering linkages to facilitate rapid deployment of qualified, ex-perienced and well trained personnel pledged for ASF operations
2.5 Capacity to plan, deploy, manage, support and monitor mediation interventions
Within the context of the AU, the Chairperson normally appoints Special Envoys and Special Rep-resentatives to conduct structured mediation processes. Similarly, the RECs/RMs also engage in mediation, often in partnership with the AU and have their own mandates and structures for peace-making. The 2014 Assessment noted how this form of peace-making is a specialized en-deavour requiring a high level of expertise and professional support.
There are a number of key challenges at present: the absence of a professionalised approach to mediation; the absence of sustained professional support to mediators at the AU and the RECs; and, existing structures and processes are inadequate for rapid deployment of mediation and preventive diplomacy interventions, including flexible funding.
The specific objective 5 is therefore to enhance the capacity of the AU and the RECs/RMs to plan, deploy, manage, support and monitor mediation interventions.
Priority 2 Specific Objective 5 indicators z Evidence of efficient mediation interventions z Evidence of operationalization of MSUs) at the AU and the RECs/RMs z Evidence and documentation of the use of the guidance contained in the 2012 SOPs
for Mediation Support (note that these have clear guidance on: appointing and hiring processes for lead mediator; decision to deploy a mediator; creating a mediation roster; developing mediation mandates; creating an AU mediation team (needed expertise and capacity, core team members, resource persons); mediator pre-deployment briefings; de-sign of mediation strategies; funding, etc.
z Evidence and documentation of the use of the KMF for Mediation (lessons learned, etc.) z Evidence of reviews and evaluations of concluded AU and RECs/RMs mediations z Evidence of harmonization of national mechanisms with RECs
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The main strategies/activities envisaged to reach this objective centre on the need to equip the AU, RECs/RMs and national level actors involved in mediation with relevant capacities for effec-tive mediation interventions. Indeed, these strategies/activities are designed to strengthen the AU and RECs’ capacity to design, plan, deploy, manage and monitor preventive diplomacy and mediation interventions. These strategies include three key dimensions: (i) the full operation-alization of existing policies and processes relating to mediation at both AU and the RECs/RMs; (ii) the creation of MSUs at the AU and the RECs with the aim of establishing track I and track II mediation structures and coordinate technical expertise for effective professional support to peace processes; (iii) capacity building trainings and retreats for the envoys and mediators and create inter-face between the AU and RECs; (iv) strengthening regional mediation capacity building upon national institutional and normative frameworks. Consequently, implementing the 2012 SOPs for Mediation Support and the Knowledge Management Framework for Media-tion Processes, as well as finalizing the PSD Roster, will strengthen the process of appointment, pre-deployment preparation and start-up phase of AU mediation activities, including lessons learned and monitoring and evaluation of mediation interventions. Finalising consultations for (and launching) MSUs at both AU and the RECs/RMs, including developing the concept for an ‘Operational Support Team’ at the AU are key areas of intervention for the strengthening of mediation capacity in the period of this roadmap. Finally, this objective requires that consid-erable focus be placed on targeted training to mediators and special envoys – training which is proposed to stem from the conduct of a needs assessment survey.
2.6 Coordination on mediation interventions
Collaboration and coordination between different actors engaged in mediation is a critical fac-tor in the success of mediation processes. This is particularly the case in the African continent where a significant number of actors, ranging from States and individuals to organisations such as the UN, the AU and the RECs have become involved in mediation in one form or another. In the case of the AU and the RECs, whether through nominated Special Representatives, Envoys, Chief Mediators, or through the collective efforts of panels of eminent personalities such as the AU Panel of the Wise and similar mechanisms at sub-regional level (including ECOWAS’ Council of the Wise; COMESA’s Committee of Elders and SADC’s Panel of Elders), High Level Implemen-tation Panels (Sudan for example) and International Contact Groups, demonstrate that these organisations have assumed, and will continue to play key roles in peace-making, including pre-ventive diplomacy (fact-finding, good offices, conciliation and confidence-building), facilitation and mediation efforts. These developments have taken place in an increasingly complex interna-tional mediation environment, where often multi-party mediation has become the norm. With-in the context of mediation interventions, regular consultations should be held with the RECs/RMs, which will take, within the framework of APSA, the necessary initiatives in their respective region and initiate mediations to conduct structured peace process jointly with the AU or on their own, as decided at the PSC retreat in Abuja in 2015. Yet, at present, collaboration and coordination are mostly done in an ad-hoc basis, as there is an absence of mechanisms and pro-cedures for ensuring coordination and cooperation between the AU, RECs/RMs and the UN in mediation and preventive diplomacy initiatives. There is a need for enhanced consultation and coordination between the AU and the relevant RECs/RMs regarding decisions on, and conduct of mediation initiatives.
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The specific objective 6 is therefore to enhance coordination between the AU, the RECs/RMs and the UN on mediation interventions.
Priority 2 Specific Objective 6 indicators z Examples of coordinated mediation interventions by AU, RECs/RMs and UN z Evidence of information-sharing and joint decision-making between AU and RECs/RMs z Evidence of joint mediation endeavours z Evidence of joint analysis and assessment between AU and RECs/RMs z Forum of AU/REC/RMs mediation focal points
In order to ensure enhanced coordination between the AU, RECs/RMs and the UN on mediation to take place, a number of strategies and activities are proposed. These include, with regard to AU-REC relations on mediation: the development and implementation of AU/RECs/RMs Media-tion Guidelines; increased frequency of joint missions and international contact groups leading to joint mediations (where appropriate); information sharing and deepened support to the RECs with regards to the professionalization and support to mediation. The AU and the RECs/RMs may also consider the creation of the Forum of AU/RECs/RMs focal points. With regards to the crucial area of coordination and collaboration with the UN, activities include the adoption and implementation of the AU/UN Mediation Guidelines; information sharing; collaboration through technical support and exchanges of experiences; and, strengthening the alignment of UN/AU mediation guidelines.
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3 Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
Post-conflict reconstruction, development and comprehensive peace build-ing efforts are closely linked to all other elements of the APSA and central for their success. The recent relapses of several post-conflict countries into violence and instability highlight the challenge, and therefore, the imperative for post-conflict reconstruction and development in Africa, as well as the need for more concerted action in consolidating peace in countries emerging from conflict. Drawing the lessons from past experi-ence in rebuilding countries emerging from conflict, the AU Assembly adopted, in 2006, a PCRD Policy Framework, as a guide for the development of comprehensive policies and strategies to consolidate peace and pave the way for growth and sustainable development in countries emerging from conflict. The Policy highlights six indicative elements of PCRD; namely security; humanitarian/emergency assistance; socio-economic reconstruction and development; political governance and transition; human rights, justice and reconciliation; and gender.
The objective for the strategic priority 3 of the roadmap is to contribute to effective, coordi-nated and timely support to post-conflict Member States and communities emerging from conflict.
Priority 3 Strategic Objective Indicators z PCRD interventions and support to Member States are timely and based on a systematic
assessment of post-conflict needs z Evidence of joint PCRD programming, including formulation of common objectives,
between AUC departments, between AUC and RECs/RMs, between RECs/RMs and RECs/RMs and between AUC and Member States as well as RECs/RMs and Member States
z Evidence of PCRD initiatives in post-conflict Member States that are based on continen-tal or regional PCRD policies and/or strategies
z Evidence of enhanced capacities of AU and RECs to provide and coordinate support to post-conflict Member States, based on policies and strategies
z Evidence of financial and in-kind support mobilised by AU/RECs and channelled to post-conflict Member States
z Evidence of AU and RECs PCRD/DDR/SSR expertise deployed within peace support oper-ations
Strategic priority 3 has been broken down into seven specific objectives, each of them address-ing one major obstacle to effective response strategies. They are presented in the following sections.
3.1 PCRD Mechanisms and regional policies
The AU PCRD Policy Framework of 2006 has identified institutional mechanisms that are to be implemented by AU and RECs in order to assist post-conflict Member States in their reconstruc-tion efforts. While AU and RECs made considerable process, some of the mechanisms are not yet in place or not yet fully operational. The six pillars of PCRD are defined broadly in the policy framework, and a clear definition and operational guidelines on each of the pillars are missing. Further, the PCRD policy framework sees a need for regional guidelines for the implementation of PCRD efforts, which supports the harmonisation of PCRD policies on national level. Some
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RECs played a leading role in developing regional PCRD policy frameworks, but lack implemen-tation capacities. Other regions strive to develop regional PCRD policy frameworks within the timeframe of the roadmap.
Specific objective 1 is to ensure that PCRD mechanisms at the level of AUC, REC/RM and post-conflict countries as well as PCRD policies are in place and operational, in line with the six pillars of the PCRD policy framework.
Priority 3 Specific Objective 1 indicators z Evidence that AUC and RECs/RMs have the mechanisms in place according to their man-
date given by their respective policy organs z Evidence of regional PCRD policies in place in all regions, and harmonised with the conti-
nental PCRD policy framework
Three main strategies have been identified in order to achieve the specific objective. The first one relates to the six pillars (indicative elements) of the PCRD policy framework: each of the pillars will be clearly defined, and operational guidelines or similar strategic documents will be developed. The second strategy consists of the establishment of PCRD mechanisms at differ-ent levels. A Multidimensional Committee on PCRD will be established in order to interact with international actors on the continent on PCRD. A PSC Standing Committee is to be established in order to monitor actors and provide support to affected countries. Regular briefing sessions of the PSC will assure the political oversight and support to PCRD efforts. On national level, post-conflict Member States are to be supported in the establishment of ministerial committees on PCRD. An interdepartmental taskforce at AU level, involving RECs through their Liaison Offic-es, will be established and will meet regularly, in order to foster harmonisation and synergies. The third strategy relates to the development and implementation of regional PCRD policies and strategies. The PCRD policy framework will be adapted to region specific situations, and guide-lines will be developed accordingly. Member states of the regions will be closely involved in the process, and RECs will cooperate with AU and align their policy frameworks and strategies.
3.2 PCRD responds to specific needs in different conflict phases
The high degree of relapse into violence of post-conflict countries, as well as the numerous pro-tracted crises on the continent, indicate the need for an adequate response of PCRD measures to different needs in the conflict cycle. This is particularly relevant for the stabilization and early recovery phase during or directly following peace support operations. If not holistically concep-tualised, PSOs risk leaving a gap in support to the local communities, which needs to be filled by early recovery and humanitarian interventions, closely linked to reconstruction and devel-opment measures. Despite efforts of AU and RECs to closely link PSOs and post-conflict efforts, there is a lack of conceptual clarity on the phase of stabilization and early recovery, as well as on the role of conflict preventive measures in peace building. Additionally, there is a need for closer cooperation between all actors responsible for interventions in post-conflict Member States.
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Specific objective 2 is to ensure that PCRD interventions are responding to specific needs in different conflict phases.
Priority 3 Specific Objective 2 indicators z Evidence that PCRD programmes and strategies are informed by joint analysis on the
structural causes of conflict and include strategies and activities for conflict prevention z Evidence of (approved) strategic documents which point out roles and responsibilities of
AU and REC actors in the stabilization phase z Evidence of increased joint planning and close cooperation and coordination of all actors/
divisions within AU/RECs which are engaged in post-conflict countries and situations z Evidence that the PCRD policy is leveraged in support of stabilization and early recovery
efforts z Evidence of early recovery instruments such as Quick Impact Projects (QIPs) and peace
strengthening projects being utilised in PSOs or its immediate aftermath as instruments in support of stabilization and early recovery efforts
Three sets of strategies have been developed in order to address the causes of the problem and achieve the specific objective. The first one relates to the development of a holistic strategy of interventions in the stabilization and early recovery phase. PSOs will be assisted in the im-plementation of QIPs, and in the development of their capacities to timely implement or liaise with the relevant actors implementing PCRD, stabilization and early recovery measures. The second strategy relates to the development of a holistic concept on the interaction between peace building and conflict prevention, involving governance and state building aspects. Here, it is important to engage with all relevant actors on AU and REC level, map out interventions and develop guidelines for conflict sensitivity and Do No Harm, taking into account long-term struc-tural causes of conflict. The third strategy consists of setting up a mechanism for coordination, joint planning and regular exchange on interventions in post-conflict Member States (interde-partmental taskforce), involving all relevant actors, such as the AUC as well as RECs through their Liaison Offices.
3.3 AU and RECs coordination function of PCRD
The effective support to Member States in PCRD requires close collaboration between all rele-vant actors involved. Besides the AU, RECs and the respective Member States (including relevant ministries and departments), the UN and other international organisations, post-conflict recon-struction and peace building efforts also involve civil society organisations at local, national, regional and continental levels. At the moment, there is still lack of regular and systematic ex-change between the AU and the RECs as these actors. The AU PCRD Policy Framework of 2006 provides guidance on roles and responsibilities of AU and RECs as well as on mechanisms to be established for the effective implementation of PCRD measures on member state level. There is, anyhow, still a lack of clear definitions of roles and responsibilities of the AU and the RECs, as well as lack of harmonised approaches and regular exchange. Finally, the AU and the RECs partic-ipation and coordination role in other (often international) mechanisms related to post-conflict reconstruction of the continent needs to be enhanced.
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Specific objective 3 is to ensure that the AU and the RECs exercise their coordination function effectively and comprehensively.
Priority 3 Specific Objective 3 indicators z Planning, monitoring and reporting processes on PCRD between AUC and RECs/RMs are
harmonized z AUC and RECs/RMs take up a relevant role in international PCRD processes, such as the
New Deal and Post-Conflict reconstruction frameworks in Member States z Implementation strategy for PCRD policy framework clearly highlights different roles and
responsibilities of the various stakeholders
The strategies developed in order to address the causes of the problem are threefold: the first one consists of organising regular systematic exchange between AU and RECs on PCRD strategies and interventions, through dialogue sessions as well as through joint stakeholder work plans and other strategic documents. Secondly, regular systematic exchange is to be established be-tween AU/RECs and external actors in the field of PCRD (e.g. through regular joint stakeholder meetings). This includes the UN Peace Building Commission as well as relevant CSOs. Also joint stakeholder monitoring and evaluation activities for PCRD are envisaged. Finally, AUC and RECs identify and participate in relevant fora and exchange meetings in the field of PCRD and peace building, e.g. in the New Deal for Fragile States process as well as in post-conflict needs assess-ment by international actors.
3.4 Resources for the implementation of PCRD programmes
The PCRD Policy Framework (2006) sees the mobilization of resources for PCRD as a major re-sponsibility of the AU. At the 19th Ordinary Session of the policy organs of the African Union, in July 2012, the African Solidarity Initiative (ASI) was launched as an AU-led process for mobilizing support from within the continent for countries emerging from conflict. A Decision – Assembly/AU/Dec.425 (XIX) – on the ASI, was adopted, requesting the AUC, in close collaboration with the countries concerned and all other Member States, RECs, and other relevant African institutions, to roll-out a full implementation plan, and to mobilize in-kind, capacity building, as well as fi-nancial contributions, to support post-conflict reconstruction activities and efforts in the African countries concerned.
Specific objective 4 is to ensure that the capacities of the AU and the RECs to generate (finan-cial and in-kind) resources for post-conflict countries and communities are enhanced.
Priority 3 Specific Objective 4 indicators z Resources being pledged and delivered by AU Member States in support to PCRD coun-
tries z In kind and financial support given to Member States, CSOs etc. through AUC and RECs/
RMs z Amount of funds being channelled through the PCRD funding windows z Number of Member States/AUC/RECs/RMs co-financing arrangements in support of PCRD
efforts in countries emerging from conflict
In order to achieve the specific objective, the following four strategies are envisioned: the Afri-can Solidarity Initiative is to be operationalized through the implementation of its resource mo-bilization strategy, the development of strategies and mechanisms to operationalize all aspects
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of the ASI (including identifying post-conflict needs, channelling funds, reporting and monitor-ing, etc.). A mechanism is to be developed in the frame of the ASI to support Member States to engage with each other directly on addressing post-conflict needs, and the necessary capacities are to be established at the level of the AUC in order to keep the ASI operational. Second, a funding window is to be established to channel funds from AU to RECs and Member States for PCRD interventions, especially relating to regional and cross-border interventions. Third, needs of post-conflict Member States are to be assessed regularly and systematically, and linked to resource mobilization efforts. Finally, round tables and pledging conferences are organised reg-ularly to generate additional support for post-conflict Member States.
3.5 Capacities for support to post-conflict Member States
Peace building is a complex and extensive process that involves addressing the root causes of conflicts, as well as creating social cohesion and establishing peaceful mechanisms and institu-tions for all members of society. It touches upon all aspects of nation building, humanitarian interventions in the immediate aftermath of conflict as well as socio-economic development; it includes rule of law and the reform of the security sector, constitutionalism and democracy, good governance, human rights aspects as well as reconciliation. It is therefore paramount that these processes are shaped on national and local level, and that national and local actors receive the support needed from regional and continental institutions, namely AU and RECs, as per their mandate in the PCRD Policy Framework.
Specific objective 5 is to ensure that the capacities of AU and RECs to respond to post-con-flict Member States needs through effective coordination and development of PCRD interven-tions/Member States support are enhanced.
Priority 3 Specific Objective 5 indicators z Number of Member States which are supported in the implementing of policies or strate-
gies which are related to PCRD (security, transitional justice and human rights, socio-eco-nomic reconstruction and development, humanitarian/emergency aid, gender as well as governance and democracy aspects)
z Number of PCRD assistance requests addressed by AU and REC z Evidence that support to member state is based on post-conflict needs assessment
Strategies to address this specific objective are threefold. AU and REC’s Liaison Offices and field offices, and post-conflict Member States need to be assessed and supported in enhancing their capacities in the field of PCRD through training and other capacity development measures. It will further need to be assured that the review of AULOs mandates keeps in mind the role they can play in PCRD. Coherence is also to be enhanced between activities of AULOs/field offices and AU/REC strategies for PCRD. Second, capacities of AU and RECs to assist Member States in the development and monitoring of tailor made interventions will be enhanced through the development of implementation strategies for all indicative elements of the PCRD policy frame-work, the support to Member States in the development of national policies and strategies as well as in the implementation of national programmes. Third, an expert database/roster is to be developed based on a mapping of expertise needed in peace building processes, covering all in-dicative elements of the PCRD policy. A mechanism will ensure that experts are being deployed to post-conflict Member States, AULOs or PSOs according to the needs on the ground.
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3.6 Capacities to implement the SSR policy framework
The reform of the security sector is often a complex and extremely challenging, but paramount process for post-conflict reconstruction of Member States. The AU Assembly through Assembly/AU/Dec.177 (X) in 2008 asked the AUC to develop a comprehensive AU Policy Framework on SSR, within the context of the Policy Framework on PCRD. The SSR Policy Framework was con-sequently developed and adopted in 2013. The AUC as well as RECs therefore need to enhance their capacities in order to effectively fill out the role given to them in the SSR policy framework. This includes the development of regional SSR policies as well as the enhanced capacities to assist Member States in their SSR efforts, among others. SSR interventions need to be closely coordinated with and linked to all other elements of PCRD, including governance and reconcili-ation aspects.
Specific objective 6 is to ensure that AU and RECs have the capacities to effectively fulfil their role as defined in the SSR policy framework.
Priority 3 Specific Objective 6 indicators z Number of Member States supported in implementing SSR policy z Evidence of SSR assistance requests addressed by AU and RECs z SSR processes supported by AU/RECs are gender sensitive z Number of required civilian SSR experts provided in support of AU peace support opera-
tions
There are five strategies to address the specific objective, all rooted in the mandate given to AU and RECs by the SSR policy framework. First, regional SSR policies are to be developed and to be used as an instrument for standardization and harmonisation of national SSR policies. AU and RECs will collaborate not only with each other, but also with Member States on aligning the pol-icies and developing mechanisms for monitoring the implementation of SSR policies on national level. Second, capacities of AU and RECs will be developed through several interventions in order to assist Member States in the development and implementation of national SSR policies. They include the development and implementation of SSR assessment tools, guidance notes, mobili-sation of funds, conduction of SSR trainings as well as financial support to Member States. Third, AU and RECs will, through dialogue forums and other mechanisms, bring together relevant SSR stakeholders on the continent. Forth, a continental code of conduct for armed forces involved in African peace support operations will be developed in line with the AU Operational Guidance Note (OGN) on the Development of Codes of Conduct for African Security Institutions. Finally, an expert roster will be developed in order to assure that SSR experts are ready to be deployed in PSOs and to Member States on a short-term notice.
3.7 Capacities of the AUC and the RECs/RMs to respond to DDR challenges
The Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) of ex-combatants is a complex pro-cess, with political, humanitarian and socio-economic dimensions. These dimensions are inte-gral to promoting peace, security and stability in Africa and spans across the initial stabilization of war-torn societies and into their long-term development through laying of groundwork for safeguarding and sustaining of communities in which these individuals return, while building national capacity for long-term peace, security and development.
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Specific objective 7 is to ensure enhanced capacities of AUC, RECs/RMs and Member States to meet the DDR challenges in post-conflict African countries.
Priority 3 Specific Objective 7 indicators z Number of DDR Assistance requests addressed by AU and RECs z Number of AU and RECs DDR expertise deployed within peace support operations z Number of DDR documents developed and continental dialogue platforms facilitated z Evidence of required DDR expertise provided in support to AU peace support operations
There are five main strategies envisaged to reach this objective. The first strategy is geared to-wards mainstreaming gender through supporting DDR-related gender-sensitive activities that are also responsive to the needs of children and other marginalised and vulnerable groups. The second strategy consists of supporting DDR capacity building for Member States, RECs/ RMs and AU peace support operations, including through the deployment of AU sponsored DDR experts. The third strategy entails the development of DDR policy documents, SOPs and training material to harmonize continental language on DDR. The fourth strategy involves convening a number of DDR forums in support of regional and continental dialogue on DDR. Finally, Member States will be assisted in fundraising for national DDR activities and in monitoring and evaluation mecha-nisms for the DDR processes they are engaged in. These strategies will be implemented in close collaboration with the United Nations and other international partners and organisations.
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4 Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
Based on a broad notion of human security the African continent will be faced with a series of strategic security challenges in the next five years. Problems identified include inadequate and disjointed efforts to address illicit flows of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW); mines, explosives and improvised explosive devices (IEDs); terrorism; and organized crime.
The objective for the strategic priority 4 of the roadmap is to contribute to enhancing the time-liness and effectiveness of the response to strategic security challenges by all stakeholders.
Priority 4 Strategic Objective Indicators z Evidence of effective policies, programs and capacities being developed and implement-
ed to address transnational threats. z Evidence of Member States incorporating/implementing gender dimensions in SALW
control programmes including national plans, national commissions, legislation, data on arms and violence against women and vulnerable groups
The strategic priority 4 has been broken down into seven specific objectives, each of them ad-dressing one major obstacle to effective response strategies. They are presented in the following sections.
4.1 Illicit flow of SALW
The APSA assessment has drawn attention to the fact that the effectiveness in which illicit flows of SALW are currently addressed is limited. This is due to a number of circumstances, amongst others: non-domestication of legal and policy instruments to address the illicit flow of weap-ons; weak operational capacities of Members States to prevent, detect and respond to illicit SALW trafficking and circulation; insufficient updated research, data and analysis on trafficking and circulation of illicit SALW to support evidence-based programming; the lack of a compre-hensive monitoring and evaluation capacity with regards to illicit SALW control interventions; the absence of an effective law enforcement cooperation and coordination mechanism with a continental and regional scope to facilitate inter-state cooperation; as well as limited capacities of PSOs in managing and accounting for weapons and implementing illicit SALW control inter-ventions.
Specific objective 1 is to effectively implement integrated, comprehensive and sustainable pol-icies and measures to address the illicit flow of SALW in line with international instruments and best practices.
Priority 4 Specific Objective 1 indicators z Evidence of Member States marking arms and maintaining records z Evidence of Member States cooperating in arms tracing and seizure z Evidence of Member States securing arms stockpiles z Evidence of Member States adopting legislation and measures to regulate arms owner-
ship and transfers, and criminalizing illicit activities z Evidence of Member States’ ownership and financial contribution to national policies and
programmes
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The main strategies/activities envisaged in order to reach this objective are five-fold. First, bi-an-nual Steering Committee meetings to strengthen coordination initiatives, financial and technical resources for Member States will be mobilized and direct technical support given to Members States. It is expected that this will help effectively domesticating legal instruments to address the illicit flow of weapons. Second, operational support to priority interventions in SALW con-trol (training, purchase of equipment, development of guidelines, etc.) will be provided. It is assumed that this will build operational capacities in Member States. Third, expert studies in collaboration with RECs/RMs and research groups will be commissioned, reports and data from RECs, RMs and research groups compiled, findings validated, suggested strategic responses drafted, and methods of evidence based planning employed. It is expected that these meas-ures will make comprehensive knowledge on the flow of illicit SALW on the continent available. Fourth, basic guidelines for the integration of evaluations and assessments in project design by AU/RECs/RMs will be developed and AU/RECs/RMs and partners will support the compilation of biennial reports on SALW control. The expected result of these activities is that monitoring capacity in SALW control has been established. Finally, technical support will be given to PSOs in developing SOPs and guidelines to manage and account for weapons, and also in streamlining SALW control into ConOps and mission mandate. In addition, training and operational support will be provided to PSOs in implementing mandated SALW control interventions. The expected outcome of these activities is to enhance PSOs’ capacity to manage weapon holdings and stock-piles and implement SALW control interventions is built.
4.2 Mine action and counter-IED/explosives management
The inability of Member States to fully meet their obligations under the Anti-Personnel land-mines Convention and the Convention on Cluster Munitions has been identified as a challenge. This is due to five reasons: The limited technical and operational capacities of Member States to implement mine action programmes; a lack of integrated and sustainable policies and pro-grammes to support victims of landmines and unexploded ordnance (UXO); the absence of both inter-state modalities and agreements to clear mines in border areas as well as regional mech-anisms/platforms to mobilize resources and foster south-south cooperation; and the limited expertise, financial and operational resources at the level of PSOs to deal with the threat of IEDs and UXOs.
Specific objective 2 is to implement mine action and counter-IED/explosives management pro-grammes by affected Member States and PSOs in an integrated and sustainable manner.
Priority 4 Specific Objective 2 indicators z Evidence of Member States progress towards their clearance deadlines/targets z Evidence of victims’ assistance policies and programmes z Evidence of participation of women in national mine action z Conclusion of agreements and development of cross-border demining projects z Resources mobilized through the South-South cooperation platform z Percentage of IEDs detected and disposed by AU-PSOs
The main strategies/activities envisaged in order to reach this objective include collaboration with Mine Action centres to deliver training to member state practitioners. In addition demining and training equipment will be provided to affected Member States and trainings on various Mine Action components (awareness, program management, landmine impact surveys, gen-der mainstreaming, etc.) delivered. The expected result of these measures is that technical and
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operational capacities of Member States to implement mine action programs are built. In ad-dition, technical support and training to Member States on developing and sustaining victims’ assistance programmes will be provided and guidelines and best practices on victims’ assistance developed and disseminated. The expected outcome is the integration of victim assistance pro-grammes into national policies.
Strategies/activities will also include: the conclusion of interstate agreements to survey and demine border regions under the auspices of the AU Border Programme (AUBP) will be facilitat-ed with a view to reach agreement reached and develop projects to demine border areas; the development of south-south cooperation strategy and implementation modalities and a bienni-al donor conferences and south-south cooperation platforms convened. The expected result of this is that the South-South Cooperation platform and continental resource mobilization modal-ities will be established.
Finally, technical support to PSOs in streamlining counter-IED and explosives management in the development of Concepts of Operations (ConOps) will be provided and technical and operation-al support to capacitate PSOs in the area of counter-IED and explosives management mobilized. The expected outcome of these activities is that counter-IED expertise and equipment will be integrated into PSO mandates and support packages.
4.3 Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) disarmament and non-proliferation
Implementing the international regimes on WMD disarmament and non-proliferation has been identified as being little effective. This is attributed to the non-domestication of legal and policy instruments against WMD; weak operational and institutional capacities of Members States; and insufficient research and data on the threat and risks of illicit chemical, biological and nucle-ar proliferation and trafficking.
The specific objective 3 is to effectively implement instruments and policies to address WMD disarmament and non-proliferation.
Priority 4 Specific Objective 3 indicators z Technical assistance and training provided to Member States to domesticate legal and
operational aspects of the international instruments against WMD z Member States establishing/designating the required implementation mechanisms/bodies
The main strategies/activities envisaged in order to reach this objective are two-fold. First, there will be collaboration with the international bodies to sensitize states, identify gaps and assis-tance will be channelled to Member States. In addition, technical and operational resources for Member States from donors and international partners will be mobilized. The expected result of these activities is that legal instruments to address WMD disarmament and non-proliferation will be effectively domesticated. Furthermore, expert studies will be commissioned and reports and data available with the international bodies compiled with a view to make available com-prehensive knowledge on the risks and threats of chemical, biological and nuclear proliferation and trafficking.
4.4 Counter-terrorism measures
So far, counter-terrorism efforts on the African continent have been mainly ineffective and un-sustainable. There are a number of reasons for this, including the absence of an effective rule
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of law-based criminal justice response to terrorism; poor capacities and training of law enforce-ment agencies to implement preventive and response measures to terrorist acts; the lack of integrated approaches to prevent radicalization, address the conditions conducive to the spread of terrorism and engage civil society; poor coordination and collaboration among states in poli-cy, legislative and operational counter-terrorism measures; the absence of rigorous and updated operational research and analysis that informs policy development and response measures; and also the non-existence of an inclusive continental platform to coordinate counter-terrorism (CT) action among Member States, RECs, donors and assistance providers.
The specific objective 4 is to make national and regional counter-terrorism measures effective in preventing and responding to terrorist acts.
Priority 4 Specific Objective 4 indicators z Evidence of MS authorities foiling terrorist acts z Evidence of terrorism cases investigated and tried in courts z Evidence of CSO involvement in/support for national counter-terrorism efforts z Evidence of inter-state cooperation in terrorism investigations and trials z Evidence of Member States sharing and utilizing intelligence, reports and studies on ter-
rorism and counter-terrorism z Evidence of effective support and coordination provided to Member States by donors,
partners and RECs z Evidence of de-radicalization initiatives by RECs z Evidence of programmes implemented by counter violent extremism (CVE) initiatives
The strategies adopted to address the causes of the problem and reach the objective are six-fold. First, legislative support will be provided to Member States in ratifying and domesticating regional and international anti-crime and counter-terrorism instruments; likewise training and capacity building support will be given to judges, prosecutors and law enforcement agencies in integrating and implementing essential components; in addition best practices will be ex-changed on criminal justice responses to terrorism, rule of law and human rights (criminali-zation, investigations, cooperation, detention, trials, corrections, etc.). These activities should contribute to both the effective domestication of legal instruments to address counter-terrorism and the strengthening of criminal justice systems.
Second, training and support will be provided to law enforcement agencies in preventing and responding to terrorist acts (information and intelligence gathering and analysis, protection of sensitive sites, investigations and evidence gathering and protection, countering IEDs, anti-mon-ey laundering and countering terrorism financing, recruitment and internet abuse, emergency response, human rights safeguards, etc.). The expected result is that capacities of law enforce-ment agencies to implement preventive and response measures to terrorist acts are built.
Third, consultative and inclusive platforms will be provided to develop context-specific ap-proaches and programmes to prevent radicalization and recruitment and address conditions conducive to the spread of terrorism and preventing radicalization. In addition, early recovery, counter-radicalization and community engagement components will be streamlined into region-al cooperative counter-terrorism operations. The expected outcome is that national and region-al integrated strategies to prevent radicalization, addressing the conditions conducive to the spread of terrorism, and civil society engagement is developed and implemented.
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Fourth, consultation and cooperation platforms for intelligence sharing and coordination and harmonization of counter-terrorism efforts will be strengthened and sustained; political and op-erational support to the development of cooperative regional counter-terrorism operations and intelligence sharing mechanisms including within the framework of the Committee of Intelli-gence and Security Services of Africa (CISSA), the African Centre for the Study and Research on Terrorism (ACSRT) Focal Points and the Nouakchott and Djibouti Processes will be provided; the role of the PSC pursuant to the 2004 Protocol and the relevant communiqués will be operation-alized; support to the harmonization of legislation and other inter-state modalities regarding extradition and arrest warrants will be given; and African Arrest Warrant against individuals accused of terrorist acts will be operationalized and implemented. The expected outcome of these measures is an enhanced judicial and operational cooperation among Member States and regions.
Fifth, periodic and thematic expert research and studies will be commissioned; Focal Points will be designated by Member States to the ACSRT and information will be shared regularly; Mem-ber States will submit their annual reports pursuant to the 2004 Protocol; counter-terrorism will be harmonized and integrated into CEWS; the ACSRT CT Situation Room will be operationalized; and an assessment and evaluation mission to Member States will be conducted. As a result comprehensive knowledge and analysis will be available on terrorist groups modus operandi, agendas and structures; recruitment and financing methods; and related trends.
Finally, an annual Consultative Counter-Terrorism Forum will be convened; the AU-RECs Steering Committee on Counter-terrorism and transnational organized crime (TOC) will be established; RECs will be supported to replicate the efforts at African Union levels; and sub-region cooper-ation/coordination centres at RECs levels will be established. It is expected that an effective coordination mechanism is established among Member States, RECs, donors and assistance pro-viders in identifying and aligning priorities and allocation of resources.
4.5 Illicit Financial Flows
Implementation of the international instruments on anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) is ineffective and incomplete. Due to a combination of factors that include inadequate capacity among institutions such as Financial Intelligence Unit (FIUs) and Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) that are undertrained, understaffed or lack a clear mandate and powers to enforce AML/CFT measures; and law awareness among financial and non-financial reporting entities; many jurisdictions have inadequate AML/CFT laws while others have implementation challenges. There is also inadequate inter-state cooperation on AML/CFT issues including on judicial, institutional and operational matters; the existence of regulatory and operational challenges to address AML/CFT in the informal sector and cash-based econo-my; inadequate regulatory measures to address the vulnerability of non-profit organizations to abuse by terrorists; and, finally, poor capacities and integrated approaches to address proceeds of criminal activities such as environmental crimes, trafficking and smuggling.
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The specific objective 5 is to fully and effectively implement international legal instruments and recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and the High Level Panel on Illicit Financial Flows recommendations.
Priority 4 Specific Objective 5 indicators z Evidence of Member States developing and enforcing national legislation and practices
on AML/CFT z Evidence of FIU and LEAs adequately capacitated to fulfil their mandate z Evidence of preventive and response measures to deal with AML/CFT in the informal
economy and charity establishments and other designated non-financial businesses and professions (DNFBPs)
z Evidence of effective policies and practices linking anti-environmental crime efforts to AML/CFT
z Evidence of increased suspicious transaction reports received by FIUs z Evidence of increased awareness of AML/CFT among reporting entities
The main strategies/activities envisaged in order to reach this objective are five-fold.
First, the delivery of technical and legislative support to Member States in establishing and strengthening FIUs, and developing/strengthening their mandate and operational modalities will be facilitated; and FIUs and financial establishments will be sensitised and trained in imple-menting FATF recommendations, the recommendations of the High Level Panel on Illicit Finan-cial Flows and the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism. It is assumed that Financial Intelligence Unit (FIUs) are established, capacity is built and effective mandates are provided.
Second, regular forums/sessions to foster exchanges, common understanding and approaches to enhance inter-state cooperation will be facilitated; and joint trainings for Member States on international cooperation in judicial matters regarding AML/CFT will be conducted. This will lead to effective inter-state cooperation on AML/CFT issues, including on judicial, institutional and operational matters.
Third, operational guidance notes will be developed and best practices compiled to assist Mem-ber States address AML/CFT within the context of the informal sector and cross border trans-portations of currency. In addition, joint trainings and sensitisation exercises will be organized to address cash couriers and cross border cross-border transportations of currency also including other DNFBPs. It is expected that this will strongly support the implementation of effective reg-ulatory and operational measures to address AML/CFT in the informal sector and cash-based economy.
Fourth, technical and legislative support will be provided to Member States in regulating op-erations of non-profit organizations, and non-profit organizations and CSOs will be trained on transparency and preventing abuse for terrorist financing purposes. It is expected that this will lead to the implementation of effective regulatory and transparency measures to prevent the abuse of non-profit organizations.
Fifth, LEAs such as police, the judiciary and office of the prosecutor, customs, authorities etc. will be sensitised and trained on investigation of AML/CFT crimes including capacity building in asset recovery.
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Sixth, studies and research will be commissioned and supported to identify trends in terrorism financing and gaps in response measures; and the development of integrated and comprehen-sive approaches and policies will be assisted to address terrorism financing through environ-mental crimes, trafficking and smuggling. It is expected that these measures will lead to the de-velopment of effective policies and guidelines to address terrorist financing from environmental crimes, trafficking and smuggling.
4.6 Africa’s Integrated Maritime Strategy (AIMS)
The African Union’s maritime security policy is weakly integrated into APSA: This has mainly three reasons: the absence of a Plan of Action for the Operationalization of the 2050 AIM Strat-egy; a lack of effective mainstreaming of maritime security into CEWS; and the non-alignment of RECs strategies on maritime security to AIMS 2050.
The specific objective 6 is to fully integrate the 2050 Africa’s Integrated Maritime Strategy (AIMS) into APSA.
Priority 4 Specific Objective 6 indicators z Evidence of the AUC developing an implementation matrix and Member States adopting
a Plan for the Operationalization of the 2050 AIMS z Evidence of revised CEWS indicators and guidelines z Evidence of RECs developing and adopting harmonized strategies on maritime security
The main strategies/activities envisaged in order to reach this objective are three-fold. First, a Plan of Action for the Operationalization of the 2050 AIMS in accordance with AU Assembly Dec. 496 (XXII) will be developed and adopted – paving the way for the effective implementation of a Plan of Action for the Operationalization of the 2050 AIMS. Second, the CEWS Indicators’ Module (data collection and monitoring) will amended and the CEWS Handbook (2008) revised, with a view to effectively mainstreaming maritime security is into CEWS. And third, regional workshops will be held to harmonize RECs strategies on maritime security. The expected effect will be that RECs strategies on maritime security are aligned to AIMS 2050.
4.7 AFRIPOL as coordination mechanism
Coordination in combating Transnational Organized Crime (TOC) has been limited due to 4 main reasons: a lack of effectively domesticating legal instruments to address TOC; weak legal codes to address TOC; a lack of information, analysis and response options for members states and RECs/RMs with regard to TOC; and insufficient knowledge about the nexus between TOC, ter-rorism and violent extremism. In addition a collective anti-cyber crime policy is missing due to 4 main reasons: a lack of effectively domesticating legal instruments to address cyber crime; non-tabling of the AUC Chairperson report on cyber security; the absence of national cyber security frameworks as well as the absence of REC and REC-to-REC agreements on mutual assis-tance in combating cyber crime. Moreover, Africa is faced with not only conventional security threats such as internal and interstate conflicts, but also non-conventional threats arising from a changing international environment, which include transnational organized crime and terrorism. It is in this context that AU Member States agreed to establish a mechanism for police coopera-tion, AFRIPOL, at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels. In pursuance of Executive Council Decision EX.CL/Dec.820 (XXV), adopted at its 25th Ordinary Session held in Malabo, Equatorial Guinea, from 20 to 24 June 2014, the Commission has facilitated the meeting of the Ad Hoc Committee on the operationalization of AFRIPOL on 2 July 2014 in Addis Ababa; on 2 October 2014 in Kampala, Uganda; from 18 – 19 March 2015 in Algiers, Algeria; and on 2 June 2015 in Ad-
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dis Ababa. The Ad Hoc Committee will report its work and present the to the meeting of African Police Chiefs to be held in Algiers, Algeria from 13-14 December 2015 the drafts of the Statute, Structure, Program of Work and Action Plan for consideration.
The specific objective 7 is to effectively strengthen the cooperation and coordination in the combat of TOC and a continental anti-cyber crime policy is actively promoted.
Priority 4 Specific Objective 7 indicators z Evidence of ratification and domestication of legal instruments on TOC and cyber crime
in Member States z Evidence of the establishment – in collaboration with AFRIPOL – of a regional TOC centre z Evidence of Member States efficiently addressing the nexus between TOC and terrorism
and violent extremism z Evidence of Member States adopting cyber crime frameworks z Evidence of increased REC-to-REC assistance in combating cyber crime
The main strategies/activities envisaged in order to reach this objective are nine-fold. First, an-nual reports will be submitted by Member States to the AUC. Second, a mapping of the status quo will be organized and areas for follow-up activities identified. Third, AUC with AFRIPOL and regional police organisations will establish a centre to systematically provide Member States and RECs with information, analysis and response options for with regard to TOC; and guide-lines for the establishment of national specialised TOC investigation units will be developed. Four, a workshop will be organized to explore the nexus between TOC and terrorism and violent extremism, on whose basis detailed policy recommendations will be developed. Five, the AU Convention of Cyber Security and Personal Data Protection in accordance with AU Executive Council Dec. 846 (XXV) will be ratified and domesticated. Six, an AUC Chairperson report on cy-ber security will be tabled which (1) describes the extend of the threat to peace and security in Africa, (2) maps national efforts of Member States to counter-act IT-based threats against peace and security, (3) documents some best practice and lessons learned, (4) follows up on the AU Assembly decision to harmonize national legislations through a convention on cyber security, (5) suggests coordinating activities by the AUC vis-à-vis the RECs, and (6) details a strategy of how to mobilize the support of international partners such as the UN or the EU in these efforts. Seven, regional workshops on the design of national cyber security frameworks in accordance with AU Executive Council Dec. 846 (XXV), §24 will be facilitated. Eight, an agreement on mutual assistance in cyber-crime agreements in accordance with AU Executive Council Dec. 846 (XXV) will be drafted, adopted and ratified. Finally, efforts will be undertaken to establish and make AFRIPOL effective.
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
5 Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships
At policy level, the implementation of APSA shall be guided by the roadmap under the leadership of the AUC. RECs/RMs commit to harmonize respective strategies and priori-ties with the roadmap and ensure the roadmap informs their engagements. Following the harmonisation role of the AUC, the implementation of APSA is based on effective collabora-tion and coordination of several actors, including the AU, RECs/RMs, Member States, financial and technical partners and also CSOs, including academia and think tanks. Furthermore, for the effective operationalization of the required capacities for conflict prevention, management and resolution in each stakeholder institution, considerable intra-organisational development remains a priority. The full operationalization of APSA is therefore predicated upon collaboration and coordination (inter and intra institutional) as one of the priorities to be addressed with the utmost attention.
The objective for the strategic priority 5 of the roadmap is to contribute to enhanced effective-ness of coordination and partnership within the APSA framework.
Priority 5 Strategic Objective Indicators z Evidence of regional peace and security strategies designed and implemented in line
with the AU policy framework z Evidence of common programming, including formulation of common objectives, be-
tween AUC departments and between AU and RECs/RMs z Evidence of common positions on APSA framework between AU and RECs/RMs z Evidence, documentation and joint analysis of the implementation of the subsidiarity
principle in several operations in the field z Evidence of lessons learned from the implementation of the subsidiarity principle (re-
sults and challenges) that are feeding new programming z Evidence of implementation and monitoring of decisions the AUC has committed to z Evidence of efficient use and possible mutualisation of human resources between the
AUC and RECs/RMs z Evidence of timely deployment of the Panel of the Wise from the AUC
Strategic priority 5 has been broken down into six specific objectives, each of them addressing one major obstacle to effective coordination. They are presented in the following sections.
5.1 Coordinating function of the PSC
The analysis of the previous roadmap highlighted the limited effectiveness of the coordinating function of the PSC with the RECs/RMs mechanisms (see PSC Protocol 2002). This limited effec-tiveness was due to three main reasons:
First, there were limited interactions between the AU-PSC and similar mechanisms within RECs/RMs. Second, there was a lack of common understanding of the principles of subsidiarity, com-plementarity and comparative advantage (what they mean and entail) between different actors. Finally, there was a lack of clear guidelines to make the interactions between PSC and RECs/RMs mechanisms fully operational.
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Specific objective 1 is therefore to make the coordinating function of the PSC effective.
Priority 5 Specific Objective 1 indicators z Evidence of decisions from PSC taking into account RECs/RMs inputs z Evidence of common PSC-RECs/RMs positions z Operation of joint AU-RECs/RMs Field Missions/Liaison Offices
The main strategies/activities envisaged in order to reach this objective are three-fold. The first one consists of allowing the participation of RECs/RMs in relevant PSC meetings in order to make sure that the interactions between the AU-PSC and similar mechanisms within RECs/RMs are in place. The second strategy consists of organizing a series of dialogue sessions between the AUC and RECs/RMs on the definition of subsidiarity (and/or of partnership) and between PSC and RECs/RMs on the nature of their necessary interactions. It is expected that these activities will lead to the development of two strategy documents (one that highlights guiding princi-ples and expected results from using the subsidiarity principle, the second one being dedicated to highlighting principles and expected results from PSC – RECs/RMs interactions) and to clear agreements between the AUC, RECs/RMs and PSC to use these strategy documents as a basis for future interactions. Finally, dialogue sessions between PSC and RECs/RMs on the nature of RECs/RMs interactions with PSC will be organized. The expected outcome of this activity is the development of guidelines/policy document stipulating the nature of RECs/RMs interactions with PSC.
5.2 Intra- and inter-departmental collaboration/coordination
Evaluations and consultations between APSA stakeholders have highlighted the limited intra- and inter-departmental collaboration and coordination at AUC/RECs/RMs levels as a problem that required special attention. The analyses identified two main causes explaining the limited level of coordination: each department is characterized by weak horizontal linkages and the horizontal linkages between the various APSA components are also weak.
Specific objective 2 is therefore to reach an enhanced intra and inter-departmental collabora-tion and coordination at the level of the AUC and RECs/RMs.
Priority 5 Specific Objective 2 indicators z Evidence of collaboration/coordination between PSD and other AUC Departments in dif-
ferent conflict phases (prevention, management, resolution and PCRD) z Evidence of deepened collaboration and linkages between the various APSA components
and the African Governance Architecture (AGA) both at the AU and REC level z Evidence of joint APSA activities and programming between the PSD and other relevant
Departments within the AUC
The main strategy consists of organising a series of information sharing and coordination meet-ings between different PSD divisions and units at the level of the AUC and of each REC/RM and to perform joint planning sessions. It is expected that once these strategies are implemented, the coordination mechanisms within various PSD divisions and units will be in place. The second strategy consists of institutionalizing the Inter-Departmental Task Force on Conflict Prevention (IDTFCP) at technical and policy levels, in order to make sure that the horizontal linkages be-tween the various departments are functioning.
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
5.3 MoU between the AU and the RECs/RMs
The third problem that needs to be addressed relates to the limited implementation of the MoU between the AUC and the RECs/RMs in the realization of APSA. This problem is due to: a lack of a clear and commonly shared understanding of the concepts of subsidiarity, complementarity and comparative advantage (what they mean and entail); a lack of a clear and commonly shared understanding of the concept of coordination (what it means and entails); policies/standard op-eration procedures between the AUC and the RECs/RMs are not harmonized; and, finally, there is no adequate monitoring system for the implementation of the MoU.
Specific objective 3 is therefore to ensure that the MoU between the AU and the RECs/RMs is implemented effectively.
Priority 5 Specific Objective 3 indicators z Participation of AU and RECs/RMs Liaison Officers in all relevant statutory meetings of the
AU and RECs/RMs z Evidence of the fact that RECs/RMs Liaison Offices have access to all relevant reports re-
quired to fulfil their mandate under the PSC Protocol z The Chairperson of the AU Commission and Chief Executives of the RECs/RMs meet at
least once a year z Evidence of institutionalised and systematic use of channels for information sharing at
higher political level and technical level between the AU and the RECs/RMs z Evidence of institutionalisation and use of common conflict analyses z Examples of joint fact finding and/or monitoring missions between the AU and the RECs/
RMs z Evidence of common reports – RECs/RMs contributing to AUC and PSC reports to the AU
Assembly of Heads of State and Government
The strategies adopted to address the causes of the problem and reach the objective are four-fold. First, dialogue sessions aiming at clarifying and agreeing on the concepts underlying the implementation of the MoU (subsidiarity, coordination) will be organized, a strategy document making the subsidiarity concept operational developed, and a strategy document drafted. It is expected that through these measures the concepts of subsidiarity, complementarity and com-parative advantage (and/or partnership) are clearly defined and agreed upon.
Second, policies and standard operation procedures between the AUC and the RECs/RMs will be harmonized; a strategy document making the concept of coordination operational will be devel-oped and a strategy document drafted; and the AU-RECs/RMs Task Force on strengthening the relations between the AUC and RECS/RMs in the area of peace and security will be institution-alized. As a result it is expected that the concept of coordination is clearly defined and agreed upon.
Third, through dialogue sessions between AU and RECs/RMs on the types of policies and stand-ard operation procedures that need to be harmonised, in the end harmonized policies and standard operation procedures between the AU and the RECs/RMs will be put in place.
Fourth, a monitoring system will be developed; staff will be allocated to specific monitoring functions; common AU and RECs/RMs monitoring missions will be conducted (one per year in each REC/RM); and common AU and REC/RMs monitoring meetings will be held (one per year). It is expected that these steps will lead to the establishment of an adequate monitoring system for following-up on the MoU implementation.
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5.4 The AU Liaison Offices
Liaison Offices play a fundamental role in the implementation of APSA. However, evaluations and consultations between stakeholders indicated that the relevance and efficiency of AU Liai-son Offices established by the PSC and of AULOs within the RECs/RMs is rather limited. Analyses show that his problem is due to the following: the AU Liaison Offices/Field Missions mandate is not revised despite changes on the ground (there are no clear exit strategies for AULOs and unclear lines of communication and reporting); there are limited direct links between different Liaison Offices (AULOs/Field Missions and AULOs to the RECs/RMs and AU Regional Offices); and, AULOs suffer from limited (in numbers and relevance) technical capacities.
Specific objective 4 is therefore to ensure that the AU Liaison Offices are relevant and efficient.
Priority 5 Specific Objective 4 indicators z Participation of AU Liaison Offices in all relevant statutory meetings of the AU and RECs/
RMs z Evidence of institutionalised and use of common conflict analyses z Evidence of close involvement of AU Liaison Offices in the organisation of joint fact-finding
and/or monitoring missions done by the AU, the RECs/RMs and/or partners z Evidence of improved quality of monitoring of peace agreements, political situations on
the ground, and implementation of PSC decisions on the ground
The strategies developed to address the causes of the problem and reach the objective are threefold. First, a series of analyses/evaluations of the relevance, efficiency and effectiveness of AULOs will be launched; the relevance, efficiency and effectiveness of AULOs will be evaluated; and guidelines for formulating relevant mandates for AULOs depending on changes in political/security situation on the ground will be developed. It is assumed that this leads to a regular re-view of AULO’s mandates and reflection of the political/security situations on the ground.
Second, needs in terms of human resources specific to each Liaison Office (directly linked to the mandate of the AULO) will be analysed; clear guidelines for staff recruitment will be developed; and staff will be recruited. It is expected that through these measures AULO will be equipped with relevant staff (in adequacy with their respective mandate).
Third, a comprehensive monitoring system will be developed; staff will be allocated to specific monitoring functions; and common AU-RECs/RMs (and partners) results-monitoring meetings will be held. It is anticipated that these steps will bring about an adequate monitoring system for following-up on the performance of AULOs.
5.5 Policy and strategic dialogue within APSA partnerships
Since its creation, the relations with financial and technical partners of APSA are crucial to the success of its implementation. However, the analysis of the previous roadmap reveals the lim-ited relevance and efficiency of partnership(s) between the AUC and its external partners. This problem is due to six main causes:
z Limited common understanding of the concept of partnership (what it means and entails); z Limited common understanding of the concept of capacity building (what it means and en-
tails); z Lack of capacity at the AU level to monitor the extent to which it complies with the different
decisions it has committed to implement;
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
z Disconnect (i.e. absence of clear strategic and results-based links) between the AU-partners dialogue at higher political level and its implementation at technical level;
z Lack of adequate coordination between partners; z Lack of monitoring mechanisms allowing the AU and its partners to regularly assess the rele-
vance, efficiency and effectiveness of their partnership.
Specific objective 5 is therefore to ensure that the policy and strategic dialogue within APSA partnerships are effective.
Priority 5 Specific Objective 5 indicators z Evidence of institution-to-institution (AU-RECs/RMs-EU-UN) common policy dialogue z Evidence of joint reports based on results z Evidence of AU and RECs/RMs quality/results-based and timely financial and narrative
reports to their partners z No/limited evidence of conflicts/tensions between AU and partners
The strategies envisaged for addressing the causes of the problem are five-fold. First, dialogue sessions between AU and partners as well as between RECs/RMs and their partners on the con-tent of the strategy document and on the most appropriate process leading to its conception will be organized; and a strategy document will be drafted. It is expected that, as a result, the AU and its partners as well as each REC/RM and their partners, share a common understanding of the concept of partnership. Second, dialogue sessions between AU and partners on the con-tent of the strategy document and on the most appropriate process leading to its conception will be facilitated; and a strategy document drafted. The expected outcome will be that the AU and its partners as well as each REC/RM and their partners, share a common understanding of the concept of capacity building. Third, a monitoring system will be developed, staff will be allo-cated to specific monitoring functions, and common AU-partners results-monitoring meetings will be held (twice a year). This will lead to the establishment of an internal monitoring system that allows for following-up on the different decisions it has committed to implement. Fourth, strategic meetings between AU and partners gathering high level representatives and technical staff will be held to address the disconnect between different AU-partners dialogue levels. Fifth, dialogue meetings between AU and partners will be held and a harmonised programme support plan covering the roadmap timeframe will be developed with a view to the joint development of harmonised and aligned partnership tools between the AU and international partners.
5.6 Financial ownership of APSA
Despite several decisions by the AU Assembly of heads of State and Government and/or pro-visions made in the establishment of the PSC, APSA still suffers from the absence of financial ownership by the AUC and RECs/RMs, and from a high dependency on donors and international partners. This problem is due to two main reasons: the Member States’ contribution to Peace Fund is low and the APSA has attracted very limited additional funding from alternative sources of finance.
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Specific objective 6 is therefore to ensure that the financial ownership of APSA has increased and dependency on donors and international partners decreased substantially.
Priority 5 Specific Objective 6 indicators z Evidence of increased revenues into the Peace Fund and similar regional funding mech-
anisms z Evidence of increased AU operational budget from Member States z Evidence of increased AU programme budget from Member States z Evidence of increased AU PSO budge from Member States z Evidence of increased funds emanating from private sector
The strategies envisaged for addressing the causes of the problem are two-fold. First, resource mobilization by Member States will be facilitated through the implementation of §8(5) of the PSC Protocol and the conclusions of the retreat of the PSC on working methods (5-7 July 2007) on the establishment of a Resource Mobilization Committee well as implementation of AU As-sembly Dec. 578 (XXV) on targets for the new scale of assessment. As an effect, Article 21(4) of the PSC Protocol on the establishment of a Revolving Trust Fund with the Peace Fund will be made operational. Second, a detailed AU budget (including revised or amended versions) will be published as part of the AU Assembly documentation; a detailed annual activity plan of the programmes/projects to be funded from the Peace Fund will be developed; a robust annual re-view mechanism will be introduced; and an expert study on fundraising from private sector and resource-based extraction industries will be commissioned. It is expected that these steps will make AU Assembly Decision 561 (XXIV) on alternative sources of funding operational.
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
Cross-cutting issues
An important aspect of the roadmap consists of mainstreaming and addressing cross-cutting issues of gender, climate change, natural resource governance, human rights and youth. Gender, Peace and Security is at the core of APSA, which strives to strengthen women’s participation in peace, security and post-conflict reconstruction in Africa and improve the quality and effective-ness of mechanisms and institutions in charge of addressing issues of protection of women and children in conflict and post-conflict contexts. The roadmap should be seen as a key contribution to mainstreaming gender issues into the continental peace and security agenda and ensuring women’s increased participation and protection in time of conflict. This will be done through enhancing capacities of relevant African Institutions to integrate gender into the continental peace and security agenda, supporting RECs/RMs in implementing regional action plans on Res-olution 1325 and other key resolutions and strengthening capacity to monitor national action plans as well as strengthening advocacy, partnership, research and dialogue on gender, peace and security.
The promotion and defence of human rights is also mainstreamed in the roadmap, as the AUC and the RECs/RMs attempt to enhance capacities and coordination of Member States, institu-tions and other stakeholders to address human rights concerns in Conflict Prevention, Manage-ment and Reduction. Similarly, the roadmap addresses the issues of continental coordination, collaboration and research to mitigate the impact of climate change as a threat to peace and security in Africa. Likewise, natural resource governance is of great concern, and the roadm-ap engages APSA stakeholders to build their capacity to prevent conflicts and/or relapse into violence through inclusive and sustainable management of natural resources. Finally, special attention should be given to the youth, the roadmap encouraging the AUC and the RECs/RMs to develop and implement sustainable youth empowerment policies that aim to educate and integrate the youth of the continent in peace and security. Migration and refugee issues relate to all strategic priorities of the APSA Roadmap. During the implementation of the Roadmap, efforts must be undertaken to address the relationship between displacement, migration and peace and security.
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Monitoring and Evaluation
During the period covered by the previous roadmap, efforts have been put into monitoring pro-grammes at the level of the AUC and RECs/RMs. However, despite indicators of improvement, the AUC and RECs/RMs have not yet reached their full potential to systematically report on results. As demonstrated in this document, the AUC, RECs/RMs have embarked on the develop-ment of the roadmap for the period 2016-2020 using a results-sensitive approach and commit to putting in place a comprehensive monitoring
1
system that will allow highlighting results through-out implementation.
The first phase of APSA implementation will be dedicated to developing a comprehensive mon-itoring system that aims to:
z Share monitoring roles and responsibilities among all stakeholders involved in APSA; z Allow RECs/RMs review and document their contribution to the implementation of the
Roadmap z Allow the AUC and RECs/RMs to collect and analyse indicators that have been specified dur-
ing the APSA planning phase, and to collect and analyse indicators that have not been spec-ified but that are likely to be as important to qualify progress as the ones initially identified;
z Allow relevant and timely management responses at AUC, RECs/RMs and between AUC and RECs/RMs during the implementation APSA;
z Allow AUC and RECs/RMs to be at the forefront of the development of peace and security indicators at regional and continental levels;
z Allow the AUC and RECs/RMs to deepen its partnerships’ dialogue using monitoring data and, thereby, enhance the relevance and effectiveness of APSA.
The monitoring system will be developed in order to collect and analyse data/indicators at ac-tivity, output, specific objective and strategic objective levels. This implies, beyond the estab-lishment of clear monitoring responsibilities of all stakeholders involved in APSA, the need to enhance their monitoring skills. For this purpose, the first phase of development of the mon-itoring system will consist of an in-depth dialogue with all stakeholders on their expectations, on their current capacities and on the definition of mechanisms allowing for the monitoring to take place effectively. On the basis of this in-depth dialogue, a monitoring method and tool, as well as a capacity building plan, will be developed. Once approved, the monitoring system will be put into practice with technical support provided by the AUC. It is of utmost importance that the monitoring system integrates all the outputs, the specific and strategic objectives, as well as each cross-cutting issue, defined in the results frameworks in order to fine-tune and concretise progress indicators throughout the implementation of the roadmap.
The AUC, RECs/RMs also commit to regularly evaluate the implementation of APSA: an internal mid-term review is planned to take place during the first half of 2018 in order to assess the extent to which progress indicators are being achieved, and to formulate recommendations on how to possibly enhance the relevance, efficiency, effectiveness and sustainability of the imple-mentation of the APSA roadmap.
1 Monitoring is defined as “a continuing function that uses systematic collection of data on specified indicators to provide management and the main stakeholders of an intervention with information regarding the use of allocated funds, the extent of progress, the likely achievement of objectives and the obstacles that stand in the way of improved performance” (OECD, 2002)
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
63
Strategic Priorities and Indicators
Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention
Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships
Annex
Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
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African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
Visi
on 2
016-
2063
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Impact Level 2: APSA 2016-2020
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Stra
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and
coor
dina
ted
man
agem
ent a
nd re
so-
lutio
n of
con
flict
s and
cris
es th
roug
h m
edia
tion
by th
e AU
and
the
RECs
.
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 3
PCRD
To c
ontr
ibut
e to
effe
ctiv
e, c
oord
inat
-ed
and
tim
ely
supp
ort t
o po
st-c
on-
flict
Mem
ber S
tate
s and
com
mun
i-tie
s em
ergi
ng fr
om c
onfli
ct.
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 4
Stra
tegi
c Se
curit
y Is
sues
To c
ontr
ibut
e to
enh
anci
ng th
e tim
elin
ess a
nd e
ffect
iven
ess o
f the
re
spon
se to
stra
tegi
c se
curit
y ch
al-
leng
es b
y al
l sta
keho
lder
s.
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 5
Coor
dina
tion
and
Part
ners
hip
To c
ontr
ibut
e to
enh
ance
d ef
fect
ive-
ness
of c
oord
inat
ion
and
part
ners
hip
with
in th
e AP
SA fr
amew
ork.
APSA
Roa
dmap
Impa
ct In
dica
tors
Strategic Priority Indicators
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
capa
city
of
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
/RM
s to
indi
vidu
ally
and
col
labo
rativ
ely
mon
itor,
colle
ct a
nd a
naly
se d
ata
on th
e ba
sis o
f too
ls an
d m
etho
dol-
ogie
s dev
elop
ed
z
Conf
lict p
reve
ntio
n in
terv
entio
ns
(dire
ct a
nd st
ruct
ural
) are
info
rmed
by
syst
emat
ic/jo
int e
arly
war
ning
an
d an
alys
is
z
Dire
ct c
onfli
ct p
reve
ntio
n in
terv
en-
tions
by
AU/R
ECs/
RMs (
prev
entiv
e di
plom
acy)
are
tim
ely,
coo
rdin
ated
an
d ef
fect
ive
z
Evid
ence
of s
truc
tura
l pre
vent
ion
resp
onse
s/in
terv
entio
ns
z
Evid
ence
of A
PSA
stak
ehol
ders
co
oper
atio
n in
pre
vent
ive
actio
ns
z
Evid
ence
of u
se o
f ear
ly w
arni
ng
repo
rts b
y de
cisio
n m
aker
s
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y In
dica
tors
(I)
z
Evid
ence
of c
oope
ratio
n be
twee
n AU
, REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
the
deve
lopm
ent a
nd re
tent
ion
of P
SO c
apab
ilitie
s
z
Evid
ence
of c
oope
ratio
n be
twee
n AU
, REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
the
plan
ning
and
dep
loym
ent o
f op
erat
ions
z
Evid
ence
of s
yste
ms a
nd p
roce
-du
res w
hich
ena
ble
the
depl
oy-
men
t of P
SOs
z
Evid
ence
of t
imel
y de
ploy
men
t of
oper
atio
ns w
ithin
the
cont
ext o
f re
leva
nt fr
amew
orks
z
Evid
ence
of e
ffect
ive
plan
ning
and
m
anag
emen
t of o
pera
tions
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y In
dica
tors
(II)
z
Evid
ence
of t
imel
y an
d co
ordi
nate
d m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
by
the
AU,
RECs
/RM
s
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
capa
city
at
the
AU, R
ECs/
RMs t
o pl
an, d
eplo
y, m
anag
e an
d su
ppor
t med
iatio
n in
terv
entio
ns
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
capa
city
by
acto
rs a
t nat
iona
l lev
el to
pla
n an
d co
nduc
t med
iatio
n in
terv
entio
ns
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
coop
erat
ion
betw
een
the
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd th
e U
N o
n m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y In
dica
tors
z
PCRD
inte
rven
tions
and
supp
ort
to M
embe
r Sta
tes a
re ti
mel
y an
d ba
sed
on a
syst
emat
ic a
sses
smen
t of
pos
t-con
flict
nee
ds
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
PCR
D pr
ogra
m-
min
g, in
clud
ing
form
ulat
ion
of
com
mon
obj
ectiv
es, b
etw
een
AUC
depa
rtm
ents
, bet
wee
n AU
C an
d RE
Cs/R
Ms,
bet
wee
n RE
Cs/R
Ms a
nd
RECs
/RM
s and
bet
wee
n AU
C an
d M
embe
r Sta
tes a
s wel
l as R
ECs/
RMs a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Evid
ence
of P
CRD
initi
ativ
es in
po
st-c
onfli
ct M
embe
r Sta
tes t
hat
are
base
d on
con
tinen
tal o
r reg
ion-
al P
CRD
polic
ies a
nd/o
r str
ateg
ies
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
capa
citie
s of
AU
and
REC
s to
prov
ide
and
coor
dina
te su
ppor
t to
post
-con
flict
M
embe
r Sta
tes,
bas
ed o
n po
licie
s an
d st
rate
gies
z
Evid
ence
of f
inan
cial
and
in-k
ind
supp
ort m
obili
sed
by A
U/R
ECs a
nd
chan
nelle
d to
pos
t-con
flict
Mem
-be
r Sta
tes
z
Evid
ence
of A
U a
nd R
ECs P
CRD/
DDR/
SSR
expe
rtise
dep
loye
d w
ithin
pe
ace
supp
ort o
pera
tions
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of e
ffect
ive
polic
ies,
pr
ogra
ms a
nd c
apac
ities
bei
ng
deve
lope
d an
d im
plem
ente
d to
ad
dres
s tra
nsna
tiona
l thr
eats
z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes i
ncor
-po
ratin
g/im
plem
entin
g ge
nder
di
men
sions
in S
ALW
con
trol
pro
-gr
amm
es in
clud
ing
natio
nal p
lans
, na
tiona
l com
miss
ions
, leg
islat
ion,
da
ta o
n ar
ms a
nd v
iole
nce
agai
nst
wom
en a
nd v
ulne
rabl
e gr
oups
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of r
egio
nal p
eace
and
se
curit
y st
rate
gies
des
igne
d an
d im
plem
ente
d in
line
with
the
AU
polic
y fr
amew
ork
z
Evid
ence
of c
omm
on p
rogr
amm
ing,
in
clud
ing
form
ulat
ion
of c
omm
on
obje
ctiv
es, b
etw
een
AUC
depa
rt-
men
ts a
nd b
etw
een
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs
z
Evid
ence
of c
omm
on p
ositi
ons o
n AP
SA fr
amew
ork
betw
een
AU a
nd
RECs
/RM
s
z
Evid
ence
, doc
umen
tatio
n an
d jo
int
anal
ysis
of th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of
the
subs
idia
rity
prin
cipl
e in
seve
ral
oper
atio
ns in
the
field
z
Evid
ence
of l
esso
ns le
arne
d fr
om th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e su
bsid
iarit
y pr
inci
ple
(res
ults
and
ch
alle
nges
) tha
t are
feed
ing
new
pr
ogra
mm
ing
z
Evid
ence
of i
mpl
emen
tatio
n an
d m
onito
ring
of d
ecisi
ons t
he A
UC
has c
omm
itted
to
z
Evid
ence
of e
ffici
ent u
se a
nd
poss
ible
mut
ualis
atio
n of
hum
an
reso
urce
s bet
wee
n th
e AU
C an
d RE
Cs/R
Ms
z
Evid
ence
of t
imel
y de
ploy
men
t of
the
Pane
l of t
he W
ise fr
om th
e AU
C
65
66
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
1Re
sults
Fra
mew
ork
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 1:
Co
nflic
t Pre
venti
on (i
nclu
ding
Ear
ly W
arni
ng a
nd P
reve
ntive
Dip
lom
acy)
Stra
tegi
c pr
iorit
y ob
ject
ive
To c
ontr
ibut
e to
effe
ctiv
e, c
oord
inat
ed a
nd
timel
y di
rect
and
stru
ctur
al p
reve
ntio
n of
con
-fli
cts a
nd c
rises
by
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
capa
city
of C
EWS
and
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms t
o in
divi
dual
ly a
nd
colla
bora
tivel
y m
onito
r, co
llect
and
ana
lyse
da
ta o
n th
e ba
sis o
f too
ls an
d m
etho
dolo
gies
de
velo
ped.
z
Conf
lict p
reve
ntio
n in
terv
entio
ns (d
irect
and
st
ruct
ural
) are
info
rmed
by
syst
emat
ic/jo
int
early
war
ning
and
ana
lysis
. z
Dire
ct c
onfli
ct p
reve
ntio
n in
terv
entio
ns b
y AU
/RE
Cs/R
Ms (
prev
entiv
e di
plom
acy)
are
tim
ely,
coor
dina
ted
and
effe
ctiv
e. z
Evid
ence
of s
truc
tura
l pre
vent
ion
resp
onse
s/in
terv
entio
ns.
z
Evid
ence
of A
PSA
stak
ehol
ders
coo
pera
tion
in
prev
entiv
e ac
tions
. z
Evid
ence
of u
se o
f ear
ly w
arni
ng re
port
s by
deci
sion
mak
ers
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Min
utes
of C
EWS/
REC
EWS
mee
tings
z
CEW
S/RE
C EW
S pl
anni
ng d
ocum
ents
(Log
Fr
ame,
etc
.) z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts z
Feed
back
from
ana
lyst
s and
dec
ision
-mak
ers
z
Sam
ples
of r
epor
ts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Full
impl
emen
tatio
n of
CEW
S an
d th
e EW
S at
th
e RE
Cs is
ach
ieve
d z
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs st
reng
then
ver
tical
and
ho
rizon
tal c
oope
ratio
n w
ith re
gard
s to
early
w
arni
ng
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 1
Alth
ough
wel
l adv
ance
d w
ith re
gard
s to
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
eve
nt d
ata
colle
ctio
n to
ols a
nd d
ata
man
agem
ent a
nd sh
arin
g to
ols,
as w
ell a
s the
requ
ired
ICT
infr
astr
uctu
re a
nd m
etho
dolo
gies
, ful
l im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e AU
CEW
S an
d th
e EW
S of
the
RECs
/RM
s dat
a co
llect
ion
and
mon
itorin
g to
ols h
as n
ot y
et b
een
fully
ach
ieve
d. W
ith re
gard
s to
anal
ysis,
AU
CEW
S an
d th
e EW
S of
the
RECs
/RM
s ne
ed to
stre
ngth
en th
e qu
ality
, fre
quen
cy a
nd ti
mel
ines
s of e
arly
war
ning
repo
rts,
situ
atio
n up
date
s, fl
ash
repo
rts,
wee
kly
upda
tes a
nd o
ther
type
s of r
epor
ts, i
nclu
ding
the
stre
ngth
enin
g of
scen
ar-
io-b
uild
ing
and
polic
y/re
spon
se o
ptio
ns c
onta
ined
ther
ein.
Thi
s is d
ue to
: z
Rapi
d ch
angi
ng n
atur
e of
con
flict
s and
thei
r dyn
amic
s req
uire
a c
onst
ant r
e-as
sess
men
t of t
he a
dequ
acy
of e
xist
ing
data
col
lect
ion
tool
s; z
Insu
ffici
ent h
uman
reso
urce
s; z
Met
hodo
logy
Han
dboo
ks a
nd S
OPs
not
alw
ays f
ollo
wed
; z
Anal
ysts
not
alw
ays r
elyi
ng o
n da
ta g
ener
ated
by
exist
ing
tool
s;
z
Lim
ited
freq
uenc
y of
ear
ly w
arni
ng re
port
s; z
Inad
equa
te fe
ed-b
ack
from
dec
ision
-mak
ers o
n ea
rly w
arni
ng re
port
s; z
Abse
nce
of st
ruct
ured
inte
ract
ion
betw
een
CEW
S/EW
S-RE
Cs a
nd re
leva
nt st
aff f
rom
oth
er d
epar
tmen
ts
(in th
e ca
se o
f the
AU
CEW
S th
ese
are
Peac
e an
d Se
curit
y De
part
men
t sta
ff su
ch a
s des
k of
ficer
s/Pa
nel o
f the
Wise
Sec
reta
riat a
nd a
lso D
epar
tmen
t of P
oliti
cal A
ffairs
).
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 1
Spec
ific
obje
ctiv
e 1
Enha
nced
cap
acity
of t
he A
U C
EWS
and
the
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms t
o sy
stem
atic
ally
mon
itor,
colle
ct a
nd a
naly
se re
l-ev
ant i
nfor
mat
ion
in o
rder
to p
rovi
de ti
mel
y ea
rly w
arni
ng
repo
rts,
upd
ates
and
oth
er ty
pes o
f rep
orts
.
Spec
ific
obje
ctiv
e 1
Indi
cato
rs z
Exist
ing
data
col
lect
ion,
ana
lysis
and
m
etho
dolo
gy to
ols d
evel
oped
, tes
ted,
fu
lly im
plem
ente
d an
d cu
stom
ised
z
Evid
ence
of i
mpr
oved
qua
lity
of d
ata
gath
ered
(wid
ened
var
iety
, tim
elin
ess,
re
leva
nce,
ver
ifiab
le)
z
Evid
ence
of t
rend
trac
king
tool
s ful
ly
impl
emen
ted
(whe
re a
pplic
able
: Afr
ica
Repo
rter
, CAA
S, D
emoc
racy
Tre
nds
Repo
rts)
z
Incr
ease
d co
nsist
ency
in th
e pr
oduc
tion
of e
arly
war
ning
repo
rts b
y CE
WS
and
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms
z
Incr
ease
d fr
eque
ncy
of p
rodu
ctio
n of
ea
rly w
arni
ng a
lert
s by
CEW
S/EW
S-RE
Cs z
Evid
ence
of d
ata
tool
s usa
ge in
the
repo
rts
z
Repo
rts f
ollo
win
g ad
opte
d m
etho
dolo
-gi
es
z
Evid
ence
of i
nter
actio
n w
ith P
SD/D
PA/
RECs
staf
f in
term
s of p
eer r
evie
ws,
join
t w
ritin
g of
repo
rts i
nclu
ding
situ
atio
nal
and
anal
ysis
repo
rts
z
Evid
ence
of A
U C
EWS
and
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms u
se o
f AU
DPA
Ele
ctio
n Ri
sk
Man
agem
ent T
ools
or si
mila
r too
ls at
RE
C le
vel
z
Evid
ence
of t
he R
ECs/
RMs u
se o
f Ele
c-tio
n ob
serv
atio
n an
d Po
litic
al A
naly
sis
Repo
rts
z
Perc
enta
ge o
f Afr
ican
bor
ders
dem
ar-
cate
d z
Num
ber o
f Afr
ican
Sta
tes h
avin
g es
tab-
lishe
d N
atio
nal B
orde
r Com
miss
ions
to
man
age
thei
r bor
ders
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Min
utes
of C
EWS/
REC
EWS
mee
tings
z
CEW
S/RE
C EW
S pl
anni
ng d
ocum
ents
(L
og F
ram
e, e
tc)
z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts z
Feed
back
from
ana
lyst
s and
dec
ision
- m
aker
s z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S/RE
C EW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Sam
ples
of r
epor
ts z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms r
epor
ts to
thei
r re
spec
tive
chie
f exe
cutiv
es/a
ssem
blie
s z
DPA
Polit
ical
Ana
lysis
Rep
orts
z
Situ
atio
n Ro
om re
port
s (CE
WS
and
EWS)
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
dat
a co
llect
ion
tool
s pr
ocee
ds a
s pla
nned
(whe
re a
ppro
pri-
ate)
; z
A sy
stem
of f
eedb
ack
from
dec
ision
m
aker
s is i
mpl
emen
ted
z
Staf
f com
plem
ent (
anal
ysts
) is s
tren
gth-
ened
z
Coor
dina
tion
of e
ach
early
war
ning
uni
t ov
erse
es q
ualit
y co
ntro
l of r
epor
ting,
us-
age
of to
ols a
nd e
xist
ing
met
hodo
logi
es z
CEW
S an
d EW
S: C
oope
ratio
n an
d tr
ust
is bu
ilt a
mon
g th
e im
plem
entin
g en
titie
s at
Mem
ber S
tate
s lev
el to
supp
ort d
ata
colle
ctio
n sy
stem
s.
Results Framework Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention (including Early Warning and Preventive Diplomacy)
67
68
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
tsO
utpu
ts In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctiv
ities
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
Assu
mpt
ions
Out
put 1
.1AU
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
/RM
s dat
a co
llect
ion
and
mon
itorin
g an
d an
alys
is sy
stem
is
fully
in p
lace
z
Impr
oved
qua
lity
of d
ata
gath
ered
(iss
ues
of w
iden
ed v
arie
ty, r
elev
ance
, ver
ifica
tion
addr
esse
d) z
Tren
d tr
acki
ng to
ols (
Afric
a Re
port
er;
CAAS
) ful
ly im
plem
ente
d an
d be
ing
used
by
ana
lyst
s z
Tim
ely,
rele
vant
and
up-
to-d
ate
info
rma-
tion
mon
itorin
g, g
athe
ring
and
diss
emi-
natio
n z
Feed
back
from
the
surv
ey o
f ear
ly
war
ning
ana
lyst
s/de
sk o
ffice
rs a
nd d
e-ci
sion-
mak
ers p
rovi
des u
sefu
l inp
uts f
or
furt
her i
mpr
ovem
ent
z
AT IG
AD/C
EWAR
N, C
onfli
ct M
onito
ring,
M
appi
ng a
nd R
epor
ting
is im
plem
ente
d z
At E
CCAS
, evi
denc
e of
effe
ctiv
e fu
nctio
n-in
g of
the
natio
nal o
ffice
s of M
ARAC
in a
ll M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
At E
CCAS
, evi
denc
e of
a fu
lly fu
nctio
ning
sit
uatio
n ro
om
z
Cust
omisa
tion
of e
xist
ing
data
col
lect
ion
and
anal
ysis
tool
s z
Fina
lisat
ion
of A
fric
a Pr
ospe
cts
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f Con
flict
Ale
rtin
g an
d An
alys
is To
ols (
CAAS
) z
Supp
ort M
IS (b
andw
idth
pay
men
ts)
z
Secu
ring
acce
ss (p
urch
ase
VPN
clie
nt a
nd
serv
er so
ftw
are;
dom
ain
nam
e re
gist
ra-
tion;
pur
chas
e ce
rtifi
cate
s) z
Surv
ey o
f ana
lyst
s, d
esk
offic
ers a
nd
deci
sion
mak
ers
z
Expa
nd th
e co
vera
ge o
f con
flict
typo
lo-
gies
and
geo
grap
hica
l are
as (I
GAD/
CE-
WAR
N a
nd S
ADC)
z
EAC
to fu
rthe
r dev
elop
, int
egra
te a
nd
cust
omise
EAC
WAR
N to
ols f
or d
ata
colle
ctio
n z
At E
CCAS
, tra
inin
g of
staf
f and
nat
iona
l co
rres
pond
ents
z
At E
CCAS
dev
elop
men
t of e
arly
war
ning
re
late
d so
ftw
are
and
spec
ialis
ed to
ols
z
At E
CCAS
, set
ting
up o
f MAR
AC n
atio
nal
offic
es in
all
Mem
ber S
tate
s z
Trai
ning
of A
UC
and
RECs
/RM
s sta
ff (o
n to
ols;
on
conf
lict a
naly
sis; o
n st
atist
ical
an
alys
is) z
At C
OM
ESA
– re
gula
r rev
iew,
upd
ate
and
ratio
nalis
e st
ruct
ural
dat
a to
ens
ure
it is
rele
vant
z
Upd
ate
COM
WAR
N to
inco
rpor
ate
sys-
tem
atic
ana
lysis
of d
ynam
ic d
ata
z
Enha
nce
skill
s of C
OM
WAR
N st
aff t
houg
h tr
aini
ng c
ours
es a
nd e
xcha
nge
visit
s
z
Data
from
CEW
S ev
ent d
ata
tool
s z
Afric
a Pr
ospe
cts r
esul
ts z
Tech
nica
l req
uire
men
ts p
urch
ased
and
op
erat
iona
l z
Trai
ning
con
duct
ed z
CEW
S an
d EW
S: A
ctiv
ity/P
rogr
ess R
e-po
rts,
situ
atio
n an
d in
cide
nt re
port
s
z
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
dat
a co
llect
ion
tool
s pr
ocee
ds a
s pla
nned
(whe
re a
ppro
pria
te)
z
A sy
stem
of f
eedb
ack
from
dec
ision
mak
-er
s is i
mpl
emen
ted
z
Staf
f com
plem
ent (
anal
ysts
) is s
tren
gth-
ened
z
Coor
dina
tion
of e
ach
early
war
ning
uni
t ov
erse
es q
ualit
y co
ntro
l of r
epor
ting,
us-
age
of to
ols a
nd e
xist
ing
met
hodo
logi
es
Out
put 1
.2En
hanc
ed q
ualit
y an
d qu
antit
y of
Ea
rly W
arni
ng
Repo
rts b
y AU
CE
WS
and
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms
z
Num
ber o
f rep
orts
incr
ease
d z
Evid
ence
of g
aps/
unde
r-util
isatio
n of
da
ta to
ols i
n th
e w
ritin
g of
ear
ly w
arni
ng
repo
rts a
ddre
ssed
z
Evid
ence
of f
ull u
tilisa
tion
of th
e M
etho
d-ol
ogie
s/SO
Ps o
bser
ved
z
Part
icip
atio
n/in
tera
ctio
n w
ith o
ther
rele
-va
nt st
aff i
n th
e de
velo
pmen
t of r
epor
ts
obse
rved
(in
the
AU C
EWS
this
rela
tes t
o PS
D/DP
A) z
Feed
back
on
the
qual
ity o
f rep
orts
ob
tain
ed fr
om d
ecisi
on-m
aker
s/ot
hers
as
appr
opria
te z
AU C
EWS
and
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms i
n-te
grat
e in
to th
eir e
arly
war
ning
repo
rtin
g th
e AU
DPA
Ele
ctio
n Ri
sk M
anag
emen
t To
ol
z
Recr
uitm
ent o
f the
requ
isite
num
ber
of st
aff a
s pro
vide
d fo
r in
the
CEW
S Ro
adm
ap z
Trai
ning
of e
arly
war
ning
offi
cers
and
de
sk o
ffice
rs o
n us
ing
CEW
S/RE
Cs to
ols
z
Deep
en sy
stem
of p
eer r
evie
w o
f ear
ly
war
ning
repo
rts
z
At C
OM
ESA,
con
tinuo
us im
prov
emen
t of
CO
MW
ARN
SVA
s (an
d in
corp
orat
ing
dyna
mic
dat
a) z
Prom
ote
join
t ana
lysis
and
writ
ing
of
early
war
ning
repo
rts (
as a
ppro
pria
te a
nd
acro
ss th
e AU
C/RE
Cs)
z
Surv
ey o
f dec
ision
mak
ers
z
Ope
ratio
nalis
atio
n of
the
Elec
tion
Risk
M
anag
emen
t Too
l z
Elec
tion
obse
rvat
ion
and
polit
ical
ana
lysis
re
port
s by
DPA
z
ECCA
S: E
lect
ion
obse
rvat
ion
and
polit
ical
an
alys
is re
port
s by
rele
vant
stru
ctur
es
with
in th
e RE
Cs z
CEW
ARN
: Pro
duct
ion
of re
gula
r EW
re
port
s z
At C
EWAR
N: o
pera
tiona
lize
the
situa
tion
room
s with
all
the
rele
vant
ear
ly w
arni
ng
staf
f
z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Sam
ples
of r
epor
ts z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
(CEW
S) z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Surv
ey o
f dec
ision
mak
ers
z
Repo
rts o
f brie
fings
to P
SC o
n el
ectio
ns
and
the
polit
ical
situ
atio
n on
the
Cont
i-ne
nt;
z
DPAs
brie
fings
to th
e PS
C on
ele
ctio
ns
and
the
polit
ical
situ
atio
n on
the
cont
i-ne
nt z
CEW
S an
d EW
S: si
tuat
ion
and
inci
dent
re
port
s
z
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
dat
a co
llect
ion
tool
s pr
ocee
ds a
s pla
nned
(whe
re a
ppro
pria
te)
z
A sy
stem
of f
eedb
ack
from
dec
ision
mak
-er
s is i
mpl
emen
ted
z
Staf
f com
plem
ent (
anal
ysts
) is s
tren
gth-
ened
z
Coor
dina
tion
of e
ach
early
war
ning
uni
t ov
erse
es q
ualit
y co
ntro
l of r
epor
ting,
us-
age
of to
ols a
nd e
xist
ing
met
hodo
logi
es
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 2
Alth
ough
rela
tions
bet
wee
n CE
WS
and
the
Early
War
ning
Sys
tem
s of t
he R
ECs/
RMs h
ave
been
mar
ked
by in
crea
sed
colla
bora
tion
(Tec
hnic
al M
eetin
gs, j
oint
brie
fings
, tec
hnic
al su
ppor
t miss
ions
, ex
perie
nce
shar
ing,
etc
.), th
ere
is st
ill q
uite
som
e w
ay to
go
in te
rms o
f sys
tem
atic
col
labo
ratio
n on
dat
a co
llect
ion,
ear
ly w
arni
ng a
naly
ses a
nd o
ther
act
iviti
es:
z
The
regu
lar c
onne
ctio
n be
twee
n th
e Si
tuat
ion
Room
in A
ddis
Abab
a (C
EWS)
and
the
Early
War
ning
Sys
tem
s at t
he R
ECs (
Artic
le 1
2 of
the
PSC
Prot
ocol
) rem
ains
“ve
ry lo
w”
due
to te
chno
logi
cal a
nd
met
hodo
logi
cal c
halle
nges
(lac
k of
syst
em o
f dat
a an
d in
form
atio
n sh
arin
g; n
eed
to c
ontin
ue to
co-
deve
lop
data
col
lect
ion
tool
s; a
ctua
l sha
ring
of in
form
atio
n);
z
Leve
ls of
ope
ratio
nalis
atio
n of
ear
ly w
arni
ng sy
stem
s are
at v
aryi
ng st
ages
of d
evel
opm
ent “
ham
perin
g ha
rmon
isatio
n ef
fort
s”;
z
Chal
leng
es o
f com
para
ble/
com
patib
le m
etho
dolo
gies
; z
Chal
leng
es o
f inf
orm
atio
n an
d an
alys
is sh
arin
g; z
Tim
ely
coor
dina
tion
of a
ctiv
ities
.
Results Framework Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention (including Early Warning and Preventive Diplomacy)
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 1
69
70
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Sp
ecifi
c ob
ject
ive
2Su
bsta
ntiv
e (d
eepe
ned)
and
syst
emat
ic in
tera
ctio
n be
twee
n CE
WS
and
the
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms,
bet
wee
n th
e EW
S of
th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms,
and
bet
wee
n CE
WS
and
the
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/
RMs a
nd th
eir n
atio
nal e
arly
war
ning
syst
ems.
Spec
ific
obje
ctiv
e 2
Indi
cato
rs z
The
CEW
S an
d th
e EW
S of
the
RECs
are
re
gula
rly c
onne
cted
z
The
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs a
re re
gula
rly c
on-
nect
ed z
Evid
ence
of i
nstit
utio
nalis
ed e
arly
war
n-in
g sy
stem
s’ sy
stem
atic
shar
ing
of d
ata
(incr
ease
in in
form
atio
n sh
arin
g) z
Evid
ence
of s
tren
gthe
ned
colla
bora
tion
z
Atte
ndan
ce a
nd p
artic
ipat
ion
by C
EWS
and
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs a
t the
Tech
nica
l M
eetin
gs z
Evid
ence
of i
nfor
mat
ion
shar
ing
betw
een
CEW
S an
d EW
S as
wel
l as b
etw
een
RECs
z
Evid
ence
of a
naly
sis sh
arin
g an
d co
-de-
velo
pmen
t of s
cena
rio-b
uild
ing
and
polic
y re
spon
se o
ptio
ns fo
rmul
atio
n z
The
RECs
and
thei
r nat
iona
l ear
ly w
arni
ng
units
are
regu
larly
con
nect
ed a
nd sy
stem
-at
ical
ly sh
are
data
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Qua
rter
ly Te
chni
cal M
eetin
g M
inut
es z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
(CEW
S an
d RE
Cs)
z
“inc
reas
e in
the
amou
nt o
f rel
evan
t in
form
atio
n sh
ared
and
com
mun
icat
ion
betw
een
the
RECs
and
CEW
S”
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
from
AU,
REC
s and
RM
s to
putt
ing
into
pra
ctic
e ve
rtic
al a
nd h
orizo
ntal
link
-ag
es b
etw
een
early
war
ning
syst
ems
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s are
read
y to
dev
elop
na
tiona
l ear
ly w
arni
ng c
apab
ilitie
s z
Mob
ilisa
tion
of a
dequ
ate
reso
urce
s tak
es
plac
e z
Tech
nica
l qua
rter
ly m
eetin
gs c
ontin
ue to
ta
ke p
lace
in o
rder
to im
prov
e ha
rmon
i-sa
tion
and
colla
bora
tion
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
nsO
utpu
t 2.1
CEW
S an
d Ea
rly
War
ning
Sys
tem
s of
the
RECs
con
-ne
cted
for d
ata
shar
ing
z
CEW
S an
d Ea
rly W
arni
ng S
yste
ms o
f the
RE
Cs c
onne
cted
(tec
hnol
ogy)
z
CEW
S an
d Ea
rly W
arni
ng S
yste
ms o
f the
RE
Cs sy
stem
atic
ally
shar
ing
data
z
CEW
S ho
stin
g of
app
licat
ion
tool
s z
CEW
S su
ppor
t to
acqu
isitio
n of
equ
ip-
men
t z
RECs
and
thei
r nat
iona
l ear
ly w
arni
ng
units
(whe
re a
pplic
able
) are
regu
larly
co
nnec
ted
and
shar
ing
data
z
Ensu
re c
onne
ctiv
ity to
REC
s and
Lia
ison
Offi
ces t
hrou
gh A
U V
SAT
or o
ther
alte
rna-
tive
mea
ns z
Purc
hase
nec
essa
ry e
quip
men
t z
Supp
ort M
IS (b
andw
idth
pay
men
ts)
z
Secu
ring
acce
ss (p
urch
ase
VPN
clie
nt a
nd
serv
er so
ftw
are;
dom
ain
nam
e re
gist
ra-
tion;
pur
chas
e ce
rtifi
cate
s) z
Host
ing
of a
pplic
atio
n to
ols (
inst
alla
tion
of a
pplic
atio
ns, e
nsur
ing
acce
ss to
app
li-ca
tions
) z
Secu
re c
omm
unic
atio
n sy
stem
bet
wee
n EA
CWAR
N a
nd th
e CE
WS
z
CEW
S/RE
C Pr
ogra
mm
e ev
alua
tions
and
as
sess
men
ts z
Qua
rter
ly Te
chni
cal M
eetin
g M
inut
es z
Data
and
info
rmat
ion
gath
ered
by
CEW
S/RE
Cs
z
Will
from
AU,
REC
s and
RM
s to
putt
ing
into
pra
ctic
e th
e ve
rtic
al a
nd h
orizo
ntal
lin
kage
s bet
wee
n th
eir e
arly
war
ning
sy
stem
s z
ICT
reso
urce
s are
ava
ilabl
e fo
r the
task
z
Mob
ilisa
tion
of a
dequ
ate
reso
urce
s tak
es
plac
e z
EWS
at th
e RE
Cs h
ave
the
nece
ssar
y hu
man
and
fina
ncia
l res
ourc
es to
fully
im
plem
ent t
heir
EWS
Out
put 2
.2Ea
rly W
arni
ng
Syst
ems o
f the
RE
Cs a
t diff
er-
ent s
tage
s of
deve
lopm
ent
are
supp
orte
d in
th
eir e
ffort
s at
full
impl
emen
-ta
tion
z
REC
EWS
fully
ope
ratio
nal (
part
icul
arly
th
ose
in e
arlie
r dev
elop
men
t sta
ges)
z
REC
EWS
gene
ratin
g da
ta a
nd a
naly
sis z
REC
EWS
data
gat
herin
g m
etho
dolo
gy
z
CEW
S to
con
tinue
to p
rovi
de su
ppor
t to
RECs
(joi
nt tr
aini
ngs o
n m
etho
dolo
gy,
shar
ing
and
cust
omisa
tion
of C
EWS
tool
s) z
Esta
blish
and
or s
tren
gthe
n RE
Cs a
nd
thei
r nat
iona
l situ
atio
n ro
oms
z
Qua
rter
ly Te
chni
cal M
eetin
g M
inut
es z
REC
prog
ram
me
docu
men
ts z
CEW
S/RE
C Pr
ogra
mm
e ev
alua
tions
and
as
sess
men
ts
z
Sam
e as
abo
ve
Results Framework Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention (including Early Warning and Preventive Diplomacy)
Out
put 2
.3Ch
anne
ls a
nd
tool
s for
CEW
S an
d EW
S fr
om
the
RECs
/RM
s to
coo
rdin
ate
and
colla
bora
te
on a
naly
sis,
in
clud
ing
scen
ar-
io-b
uild
ing
and
polic
y/re
spon
se
optio
ns’ f
orm
ula-
tion
are
in p
lace
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S at
the
RECs
hav
e co
mpa
t-ib
le/c
ompl
emen
tary
met
hodo
logi
es z
Join
t brie
fings
(CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
) z
Join
t ear
ly w
arni
ng re
port
s (CE
WS
and
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs)
z
CEW
S to
con
tinue
to p
rovi
de su
ppor
t to
RECs
(joi
nt tr
aini
ngs o
n m
etho
dolo
gy,
shar
ing
and
cust
omisa
tion
of C
EWS
tool
s) z
CEW
S to
exp
and
the
prac
tice
of jo
int
wee
kly
brie
fings
to a
ll th
e EW
S at
the
RECs
(exa
mpl
e of
the
wee
kly
brie
fings
w
ith E
COW
AS/E
COW
ARN
) z
CEW
S to
hos
t fur
ther
“CE
WS
Cara
na
Sim
ulat
ion
Exer
cise
s” w
ith th
e EW
S of
th
e RE
Cs z
Join
t REC
s and
thei
r nat
iona
l ear
ly w
arn-
ing
units
scen
ario
bui
ldin
g
z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Qua
rter
ly Te
chni
cal M
eetin
g M
inut
es z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
(CEW
S an
d RE
Cs)
z
“inc
reas
e in
the
amou
nt o
f rel
evan
t in
form
atio
n sh
ared
and
com
mun
icat
ion
betw
een
the
RECs
and
CEW
S”
z
Sam
e as
abo
ve
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 3
Lim
ited
inte
ract
ion/
“mod
est e
ngag
emen
t” b
etw
een
CEW
S an
d th
e EW
S of
the
RECs
/RM
s and
thei
r res
pect
ive
deci
sion-
mak
ers (
in th
e ca
se o
f CEW
S pa
rtic
ular
ly th
e PS
C, th
e of
fice
of th
e Ch
airp
er-
son
and
othe
r str
uctu
res a
nd o
rgan
s of t
he A
U (P
anel
of t
he W
ise, D
PA, e
tc).
This
is in
par
t due
to:
z
Lim
ited
oppo
rtun
ities
for d
irect
inte
ract
ion
betw
een
CEW
S/RE
Cs a
nd th
eir r
espe
ctiv
e de
cisio
n-m
aker
s (e.
g. th
e PS
C, a
lthou
gh so
me
step
s tak
en w
ith th
e sc
hedu
ling
of C
EWS
brie
fings
to th
e PS
C);
z
Info
rmat
ion
flow
at A
UC
and
also
at R
ECs l
evel
s z
Lim
ited
unde
rsta
ndin
g by
AU
stru
ctur
es a
nd o
rgan
s of w
hat C
EWS
does
and
wha
t out
puts
/pro
duct
s it p
rodu
ces;
z
Lack
of m
onito
ring
and
feed
back
mec
hani
sms a
llow
ing
CEW
S to
mea
sure
qua
lity
of in
tera
ctio
n, q
ualit
y of
out
puts
, nee
ds o
f dec
ision
mak
ers,
etc
.Sp
ecifi
c ob
ject
ive
3En
hanc
ed e
ngag
emen
t bet
wee
n CE
WS,
the
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/
RMs a
nd n
atio
nal e
arly
war
ning
cen
tres
with
thei
r res
pect
ive
deci
sion
-mak
ers.
Spec
ific
obje
ctiv
e 3
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
of i
nter
actio
n be
twee
n CE
WS
and
the
PSC
z
Evid
ence
of i
nter
actio
n be
twee
n EW
S an
d re
leva
nt st
atut
ory
bodi
es z
Evid
ence
of e
arly
war
ning
repo
rts b
eing
pu
shed
up
the
deci
sion-
mak
ing
stru
ctur
e (e
ither
in th
eir ‘
pure
’ for
m o
r use
d in
ot
her r
epor
ts su
ch a
s the
Cha
irper
son’
s Re
port
to th
e PS
C) z
Evid
ence
of d
eepe
r int
er-d
epar
tmen
tal
colla
bora
tion
in b
riefin
g re
leva
nt d
ecisi
on
mak
ers a
t AU
(PSD
, DPA
, oth
ers)
z
At R
EC le
vel e
vide
nce
of in
crea
sed
pro-
duct
ion
and
diss
emin
atio
n of
repo
rts t
o de
cisio
n-m
aker
s z
Evid
ence
of d
ecisi
on m
aker
s at d
iffer
ent
leve
ls us
ing
and
taki
ng in
to a
ccou
nt th
e an
alys
is an
d re
com
men
datio
ns c
onta
ined
in
the
EWRs
and
brie
fings
z
Feed
back
on
the
qual
ity o
f rep
orts
ob
tain
ed fr
om d
ecisi
on-m
aker
s/ot
hers
as
appr
opria
te
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
PSC
Secr
etar
iat (
PSC
Agen
da)
z
PSC
com
mun
iqué
s z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
(CEW
S) z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Surv
ey to
dec
ision
-mak
ers
z
CEW
S an
d CP
S m
eetin
g re
port
s
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Wor
kflo
ws a
nd o
utpu
ts a
re im
prov
ed a
nd
alig
ned
in a
mor
e sy
stem
atic
way
with
de
cisio
n-m
aker
s nee
ds z
Deci
sion-
mak
ers a
re fu
lly b
riefe
d on
the
outp
uts a
nd m
etho
dolo
gy o
f the
resp
ec-
tive
EWS
z
Deci
sion
mak
er a
t con
tinen
tal,
regi
onal
an
d na
tiona
l lev
els r
egul
arly
use
the
out-
puts
from
EW
S an
d ac
t on
thei
r inf
orm
a-tio
n an
d re
com
men
datio
ns z
Ther
e w
ill b
e in
tere
st a
nd e
ffect
ive
coop
-er
atio
n fr
om M
embe
r Sta
tes i
n es
tabl
ish-
ing
natio
nal e
arly
war
ning
cap
abili
ties
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 1
71
72
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
tsO
utpu
ts In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctiv
ities
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
Assu
mpt
ions
Out
put 3
.1Th
e CE
WS
and
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs re
gu-
larly
brie
f rel
evan
t dec
isio
n m
aker
s
z
Evid
ence
of m
eetin
gs a
nd b
riefin
gs
cond
ucte
d by
EW
S to
dec
ision
mak
-er
s (at
AU,
incl
udin
g th
e PS
C, th
e Ch
airp
erso
n as
wel
l as t
he P
anel
of
the
Wise
am
ong
othe
rs)
z
Deci
sion
mak
ers t
ake
into
acc
ount
th
e an
alys
is an
d re
com
men
datio
ns
cont
aine
d in
the
EWRs
and
brie
fings
; z
Feed
back
on
the
qual
ity o
f brie
fings
ob
tain
ed fr
om d
ecisi
on-m
aker
s/ot
h-er
s as a
ppro
pria
te z
Evid
ence
of d
issem
inat
ion
of re
port
s to
Mem
ber S
tate
s, in
clud
ing
con-
sulta
tive
mee
tings
at m
embe
r sta
te
leve
l (fo
r exa
mpl
e CO
MES
A’s S
VAs)
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
ass
essm
ent o
f st
ruct
ural
vul
nera
bilit
y re
port
s ini
ti-at
ed b
y M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s col
labo
rate
with
CE
WS/
EWS-
REC
to c
onve
ne in
tern
al
dial
ogue
s aro
und
SVA
repo
rts
z
Requ
ests
from
Dec
ision
Mak
ers/
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
CEW
S/EW
S-RE
Cs
to d
iscus
s Rep
orts
and
resp
onse
op
tion
reco
mm
enda
tions
z
At E
CCAS
, MAR
AC’s
part
icip
atio
n to
th
e Co
unci
l of p
eace
and
secu
rity
in C
entr
al A
fric
a (C
OPA
X) st
atut
ory
mee
tings
z
“ide
ntify
way
s and
mec
hani
sms t
o ef
fect
ivel
y en
gage
dec
ision
-mak
ers”
z
CEW
S to
par
ticip
ate
at P
SC m
eetin
gs
whe
n ap
prop
riate
and
to b
rief P
SC
mem
bers
info
rmal
ly, d
urin
g ‘b
reak
-fa
st b
riefin
gs’)
z
CEW
S to
brie
f Cha
irper
son
and
Com
-m
issio
ner f
or P
eace
and
Sec
urity
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
to d
evel
-op
/impr
ove
the
tem
plat
e fo
r its
ora
l br
iefin
gs;
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
to d
evel
-op
trai
ning
/info
rmat
ion
sess
ions
on
thei
r met
hods
, act
iviti
es a
nd to
ols
to k
ey d
ecisi
on-m
aker
s; z
At IG
AD/C
EWAR
N, e
vide
nce
of
stre
ngth
enin
g of
dec
ision
supp
ort
prod
ucts
to d
ecisi
on m
aker
s; z
Surv
ey to
dec
ision
-mak
ers
z
COM
WAR
N m
ake
regu
lar r
epor
ts
to th
e Co
mm
ittee
on
Peac
e an
d Se
curit
y z
COM
ESA/
COM
WAR
N h
old
join
t re
view
s of S
VAs w
ith re
spec
tive
a w
ide
rang
e of
sect
ors o
f res
pect
ive
Mem
ber S
tate
s,
z
COM
WAR
N c
onve
ne re
gion
al m
eet-
ing
for s
kills
bui
ldin
g an
d pe
er-r
e-vi
ew o
f SVA
s z
At E
CCAS
, MAR
AC b
riefs
regu
larly
on
the
polit
ical
and
secu
rity
situa
tion
in
the
regi
on
z
PSC
Secr
etar
iat (
PSC
Agen
da)
z
PSC
com
mun
iqué
s; z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
s-m
ents
(CEW
S) z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
th
e st
ate
of p
eace
and
secu
rity
in
Afric
a z
COM
ESA/
COM
WAR
N re
port
s; z
IGAD
/CEW
ARN
repo
rts;
z
Resu
lts o
f the
surv
ey to
de
cisio
n-m
aker
s z
Offi
cial
com
mun
icat
ions
from
M
embe
r sta
tes
z
Min
utes
of C
OPA
X m
eetin
gs
z
Wor
kflo
ws a
nd o
utpu
ts a
re
impr
oved
and
alig
ned
in a
mor
e sy
stem
atic
way
with
dec
ision
-mak
-er
s nee
ds z
Deci
sion-
mak
ers a
re fu
lly b
riefe
d on
th
e ou
tput
s and
met
hodo
logy
of t
he
resp
ectiv
e EW
S z
Enha
nced
will
from
dec
ision
mak
ers
to u
se re
port
s in
deci
sion
mak
ing
proc
esse
s
Out
put 3
.2At
AU
, rel
evan
t dep
artm
ents
(PSD
, DP
A) jo
intly
brie
f the
PSC
on
de-
moc
racy
, pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y on
the
cont
inen
t
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
brie
fings
by
rele
-va
nt d
epar
tmen
ts (P
SD, D
PA, o
ther
s)
to th
e PS
C
z
To b
e co
mpl
eted
z
To b
e co
mpl
eted
Out
put 3
.3Th
e CE
WS
and
the
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/
RMs s
uppo
rt th
e de
velo
pmen
t of
natio
nal e
arly
war
ning
cap
abili
ties
(and
whe
re a
ppro
pria
te th
e re
gula
r ex
chan
ge o
f inf
orm
atio
n an
d an
alys
is
with
Mem
ber S
tate
s ins
titut
ions
and
ex
istin
g na
tiona
l inf
rast
ruct
ures
for
peac
e)
z
Evid
ence
of s
tren
gthe
ning
and
de-
velo
pmen
t of n
atio
nal e
arly
war
ning
ce
ntre
s z
Evid
ence
of s
harin
g of
info
rmat
ion
and
anal
ysis
betw
een
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
/RM
s and
nat
iona
l ea
rly w
arni
ng c
entr
es
z
RECs
supp
ort n
atio
nal u
nits
en-
gage
men
t with
pol
icy
mak
ers a
t the
na
tiona
l lev
els
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
to
prov
ide
supp
ort t
o M
embe
r Sta
tes
in th
e de
velo
pmen
t of n
atio
nal e
arly
w
arni
ng c
entr
es (j
oint
trai
ning
s on
met
hodo
logy
, sha
ring
and
cust
omi-
satio
n of
tool
s) z
CEW
S to
hos
t “CE
WS
Cara
na S
im-
ulat
ion
Exer
cise
s” w
ith th
e EW
S of
M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Supp
ort t
o M
embe
r Sta
tes i
n th
e op
erat
iona
lisat
ion
of E
lect
ion
Situ
a-tio
n Ro
oms
z
to b
e co
mpl
eted
z
Ther
e w
ill b
e in
tere
st a
nd e
ffect
ive
coop
erat
ion
from
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
esta
blish
ing
natio
nal e
arly
war
ning
ca
pabi
litie
s.
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
nsO
utpu
t 3.1
The
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
regu
-la
rly b
rief r
elev
ant d
ecis
ion
mak
ers
z
Evid
ence
of m
eetin
gs a
nd b
riefin
gs
cond
ucte
d by
EW
S to
dec
ision
mak
-er
s (at
AU,
incl
udin
g th
e PS
C, th
e Ch
airp
erso
n as
wel
l as t
he P
anel
of
the
Wise
am
ong
othe
rs)
z
Deci
sion
mak
ers t
ake
into
acc
ount
th
e an
alys
is an
d re
com
men
datio
ns
cont
aine
d in
the
EWRs
and
brie
fings
; z
Feed
back
on
the
qual
ity o
f brie
fings
ob
tain
ed fr
om d
ecisi
on-m
aker
s/ot
h-er
s as a
ppro
pria
te z
Evid
ence
of d
issem
inat
ion
of re
port
s to
Mem
ber S
tate
s, in
clud
ing
con-
sulta
tive
mee
tings
at m
embe
r sta
te
leve
l (fo
r exa
mpl
e CO
MES
A’s S
VAs)
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
ass
essm
ent o
f st
ruct
ural
vul
nera
bilit
y re
port
s ini
ti-at
ed b
y M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s col
labo
rate
with
CE
WS/
EWS-
REC
to c
onve
ne in
tern
al
dial
ogue
s aro
und
SVA
repo
rts
z
Requ
ests
from
Dec
ision
Mak
ers/
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
CEW
S/EW
S-RE
Cs
to d
iscus
s Rep
orts
and
resp
onse
op
tion
reco
mm
enda
tions
z
At E
CCAS
, MAR
AC’s
part
icip
atio
n to
th
e Co
unci
l of p
eace
and
secu
rity
in C
entr
al A
fric
a (C
OPA
X) st
atut
ory
mee
tings
z
“ide
ntify
way
s and
mec
hani
sms t
o ef
fect
ivel
y en
gage
dec
ision
-mak
ers”
z
CEW
S to
par
ticip
ate
at P
SC m
eetin
gs
whe
n ap
prop
riate
and
to b
rief P
SC
mem
bers
info
rmal
ly, d
urin
g ‘b
reak
-fa
st b
riefin
gs’)
z
CEW
S to
brie
f Cha
irper
son
and
Com
-m
issio
ner f
or P
eace
and
Sec
urity
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
to d
evel
-op
/impr
ove
the
tem
plat
e fo
r its
ora
l br
iefin
gs;
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
to d
evel
-op
trai
ning
/info
rmat
ion
sess
ions
on
thei
r met
hods
, act
iviti
es a
nd to
ols
to k
ey d
ecisi
on-m
aker
s; z
At IG
AD/C
EWAR
N, e
vide
nce
of
stre
ngth
enin
g of
dec
ision
supp
ort
prod
ucts
to d
ecisi
on m
aker
s; z
Surv
ey to
dec
ision
-mak
ers
z
COM
WAR
N m
ake
regu
lar r
epor
ts
to th
e Co
mm
ittee
on
Peac
e an
d Se
curit
y z
COM
ESA/
COM
WAR
N h
old
join
t re
view
s of S
VAs w
ith re
spec
tive
a w
ide
rang
e of
sect
ors o
f res
pect
ive
Mem
ber S
tate
s,
z
COM
WAR
N c
onve
ne re
gion
al m
eet-
ing
for s
kills
bui
ldin
g an
d pe
er-r
e-vi
ew o
f SVA
s z
At E
CCAS
, MAR
AC b
riefs
regu
larly
on
the
polit
ical
and
secu
rity
situa
tion
in
the
regi
on
z
PSC
Secr
etar
iat (
PSC
Agen
da)
z
PSC
com
mun
iqué
s; z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
s-m
ents
(CEW
S) z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
th
e st
ate
of p
eace
and
secu
rity
in
Afric
a z
COM
ESA/
COM
WAR
N re
port
s; z
IGAD
/CEW
ARN
repo
rts;
z
Resu
lts o
f the
surv
ey to
de
cisio
n-m
aker
s z
Offi
cial
com
mun
icat
ions
from
M
embe
r sta
tes
z
Min
utes
of C
OPA
X m
eetin
gs
z
Wor
kflo
ws a
nd o
utpu
ts a
re
impr
oved
and
alig
ned
in a
mor
e sy
stem
atic
way
with
dec
ision
-mak
-er
s nee
ds z
Deci
sion-
mak
ers a
re fu
lly b
riefe
d on
th
e ou
tput
s and
met
hodo
logy
of t
he
resp
ectiv
e EW
S z
Enha
nced
will
from
dec
ision
mak
ers
to u
se re
port
s in
deci
sion
mak
ing
proc
esse
s
Out
put 3
.2At
AU
, rel
evan
t dep
artm
ents
(PSD
, DP
A) jo
intly
brie
f the
PSC
on
de-
moc
racy
, pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y on
the
cont
inen
t
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
brie
fings
by
rele
-va
nt d
epar
tmen
ts (P
SD, D
PA, o
ther
s)
to th
e PS
C
z
To b
e co
mpl
eted
z
To b
e co
mpl
eted
Out
put 3
.3Th
e CE
WS
and
the
EWS
of th
e RE
Cs/
RMs s
uppo
rt th
e de
velo
pmen
t of
natio
nal e
arly
war
ning
cap
abili
ties
(and
whe
re a
ppro
pria
te th
e re
gula
r ex
chan
ge o
f inf
orm
atio
n an
d an
alys
is
with
Mem
ber S
tate
s ins
titut
ions
and
ex
istin
g na
tiona
l inf
rast
ruct
ures
for
peac
e)
z
Evid
ence
of s
tren
gthe
ning
and
de-
velo
pmen
t of n
atio
nal e
arly
war
ning
ce
ntre
s z
Evid
ence
of s
harin
g of
info
rmat
ion
and
anal
ysis
betw
een
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
/RM
s and
nat
iona
l ea
rly w
arni
ng c
entr
es
z
RECs
supp
ort n
atio
nal u
nits
en-
gage
men
t with
pol
icy
mak
ers a
t the
na
tiona
l lev
els
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S of
the
RECs
to
prov
ide
supp
ort t
o M
embe
r Sta
tes
in th
e de
velo
pmen
t of n
atio
nal e
arly
w
arni
ng c
entr
es (j
oint
trai
ning
s on
met
hodo
logy
, sha
ring
and
cust
omi-
satio
n of
tool
s) z
CEW
S to
hos
t “CE
WS
Cara
na S
im-
ulat
ion
Exer
cise
s” w
ith th
e EW
S of
M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Supp
ort t
o M
embe
r Sta
tes i
n th
e op
erat
iona
lisat
ion
of E
lect
ion
Situ
a-tio
n Ro
oms
z
to b
e co
mpl
eted
z
Ther
e w
ill b
e in
tere
st a
nd e
ffect
ive
coop
erat
ion
from
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
esta
blish
ing
natio
nal e
arly
war
ning
ca
pabi
litie
s.
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 4
Alth
ough
“eng
agem
ent w
ith C
SOs h
as b
een
initi
ated
thro
ugh
a w
orks
hop
at th
e AU
and
the
elab
orat
ion
of m
odal
ities
for c
olla
bora
tion”
and
“col
labo
ratio
n w
ith th
e U
N (c
lust
er o
n co
nflic
t pre
ven-
tion)
, EU
(joi
nt re
sear
ch c
entr
e) a
nd th
e W
orld
Ban
k ha
s also
bee
n es
tabl
ished
”, at
pre
sent
, the
re is
lim
ited
subs
tant
ive
inte
ract
ion
betw
een
CEW
S an
d st
akeh
olde
rs su
ch a
s CSO
s, in
tern
atio
nal
orga
nisa
tions
and
bila
tera
l cou
ntrie
s. P
art o
f the
reas
ons f
or th
is ar
e: z
Lack
of d
etai
led
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
wha
t exa
ctly
CEW
S do
es (p
artic
ular
ly it
s dat
a co
llect
ion
tool
s, m
etho
dolo
gy a
nd a
ppro
ach;
a c
lose
d sy
stem
that
use
s ope
n-so
urce
info
rmat
ion)
; z
Lack
of a
ppro
pria
te ‘p
oint
s of e
ntry
/con
tact
’ for
ext
erna
l sta
keho
lder
s to
inte
ract
with
CEW
S (d
ata
gath
erin
g; a
naly
sis a
nd fo
rmul
atio
n of
opt
ions
) z
Lack
of p
oliti
cal w
ill/p
erce
ptio
n Sp
ecifi
c ob
ject
ive
4En
hanc
ed c
olla
bora
tion
betw
een
CEW
S an
d th
e EW
S of
the
RECs
/RM
s with
rele
vant
ext
erna
l sta
keho
lder
s with
rega
rds
to in
form
atio
n an
d an
alys
is sh
arin
g as
wel
l as d
evel
opm
ent
of p
olic
y an
d re
spon
se o
ptio
ns.
Spec
ific
obje
ctiv
e 4
Indi
cato
rs z
CEW
S-CS
Os a
nd o
ther
stak
ehol
ders
Mo-
dalit
ies f
or C
olla
bora
tion
appr
oved
and
im
plem
ente
d; z
CSO
s/In
tern
atio
nal O
rgan
isatio
ns/A
ca-
dem
ia a
nd T
hink
Tan
ks, a
nd p
arlia
men
ts
are
‘plu
gged
into
the
syst
em’ (
info
rma-
tion
shar
ing)
and
con
trib
ute
with
dat
a co
llect
ion,
mon
itorin
g an
d an
alys
is. z
CEW
S an
d RE
Cs h
old
brie
fing
sess
ions
w
ith C
SOs/
Inte
rnat
iona
l Org
anisa
tions
/Ac
adem
ia a
nd T
hink
Tan
ks
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
CEW
S-CS
Os M
odal
ities
for C
olla
bora
tion
z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
(CEW
S an
d RE
Cs)
Assu
mpt
ions
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S sy
stem
s of t
he R
ECs
activ
ely
impl
emen
t sys
tem
s and
pro
ce-
dure
s for
regu
lar i
nter
actio
n w
ith e
xter
nal
stak
ehol
ders
z
Exte
rnal
stak
ehol
ders
are
fully
brie
fed
on th
e ou
tput
s and
met
hodo
logy
of t
he
resp
ectiv
e EW
S z
Ther
e w
ill b
e in
tere
st a
nd e
ffect
ive
coop
-er
atio
n fr
om e
xter
nal s
take
hold
ers
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
nsO
utpu
t 4.1
Chan
nels
and
to
ols f
or C
SOs,
In
tern
atio
nal
Org
anis
atio
ns,
Acad
emia
and
Th
ink
Tank
s to
cont
ribut
e to
th
e CE
WS
data
ga
ther
ing
and
anal
ysis
func
tion
are
in p
lace
.
z
CEW
S Po
rtal
con
tain
s an
entr
y po
int f
or
CSO
s, In
tern
atio
nal O
rgan
isatio
ns, A
ca-
dem
ia a
nd T
hink
Tan
ks z
CEW
S in
corp
orat
es e
vent
dat
a fr
om C
SOs,
In
tern
atio
nal O
rgan
isatio
ns, A
cade
mia
an
d Th
ink
Tank
s z
Join
t brie
fings
/mee
tings
z
Evid
ence
of I
GAD’
s str
engt
heni
ng o
f net
-w
orks
with
loca
l, na
tiona
l, re
gion
al a
nd
cont
inen
tal C
SOs
z
Evid
ence
of E
CCAS
’ str
engt
heni
ng o
f net
-w
orks
with
loca
l, na
tiona
l, re
gion
al a
nd
cont
inen
tal C
SOs
z
Spec
ifica
lly fo
r AU
/CSO
s: D
ecid
e on
e of
th
e fo
llow
ing
optio
ns: (
i) st
reng
then
CID
O
as a
civ
il so
ciet
y fo
cal p
oint
with
in th
e AU
C; (i
i) CS
O a
ccre
dita
tion
via
ECO
SOCC
; (ii
i) a
CEW
S-sp
ecifi
c ac
cred
itatio
n pr
oce-
dure
; z
Conn
ect C
SOs/
Inte
rnat
iona
l Org
anisa
-tio
ns/A
cade
mia
and
Thi
nk T
anks
to C
EWS
thro
ugh
the
CEW
S Po
rtal
; z
Deve
lop
poin
ts o
f ent
ry fo
r the
se st
ake-
hold
ers a
s reg
ards
con
text
and
stru
ctur
al
info
rmat
ion,
act
or a
nd g
roup
info
rmat
ion
and
beha
viou
r and
eve
nt in
form
atio
n (s
ituat
ion
repo
rts a
nd in
cide
nt re
port
s) z
IGAD
: est
ablis
h an
d st
reng
then
net
wor
ks
with
loca
l, na
tiona
l, re
gion
al a
nd c
onti-
nent
al C
SOs i
nvol
ved
in o
r with
pot
entia
l fo
r inv
olve
men
t in
early
war
ning
and
ea
rly re
spon
se z
ECCA
S: e
stab
lish
and
stre
ngth
en n
et-
wor
ks w
ith lo
cal,
natio
nal,
regi
onal
and
co
ntin
enta
l CSO
s inv
olve
d in
or w
ith p
o-te
ntia
l for
invo
lvem
ent i
n ea
rly w
arni
ng
and
early
resp
onse
z
CEW
S Po
rtal
z
Repo
rts b
y CS
Os,
Inte
rnat
iona
l Org
anisa
-tio
ns, A
cade
mia
and
Thi
nk T
anks
z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
(CEW
S an
d RE
Cs)
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S sy
stem
s of t
he R
ECs
activ
ely
impl
emen
t sys
tem
s and
pro
ce-
dure
s for
regu
lar i
nter
actio
n w
ith e
xter
nal
stak
ehol
ders
z
Exte
rnal
stak
ehol
ders
are
fully
brie
fed
on th
e ou
tput
s and
met
hodo
logy
of t
he
resp
ectiv
e EW
S ;
z
Ther
e w
ill b
e in
tere
st a
nd e
ffect
ive
coop
-er
atio
n fr
om e
xter
nal s
take
hold
ers
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 1
Results Framework Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention (including Early Warning and Preventive Diplomacy)
73
74
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 4.2
Capa
city
for
CSO
s, A
cade
mic
or
gani
satio
ns,
acad
emic
and
th
ink
tank
s to
supp
ort E
W is
en
hanc
ed
z
Evid
ence
of C
SOs a
dvoc
atin
g fo
r im
ple-
men
ting
reco
mm
enda
tions
from
SVA
s z
Evid
ence
of t
hink
-tank
con
trib
utio
n to
CO
MW
ARN
SVA
s
z
COM
ESA
build
cap
acity
of a
ccre
dite
d CS
Os t
o su
ppor
t CO
MES
A SV
As z
COM
ESA
esta
blish
regi
onal
thin
k-ta
nk o
n SV
As
z
CEW
S an
d EW
S sy
stem
s of t
he R
ECs
activ
ely
impl
emen
t sys
tem
s and
pro
ce-
dure
s for
regu
lar i
nter
actio
n w
ith e
xter
nal
stak
ehol
ders
z
Exte
rnal
stak
ehol
ders
are
fully
brie
fed
on th
e ou
tput
s and
met
hodo
logy
of t
he
resp
ectiv
e EW
S z
Ther
e w
ill b
e in
tere
st a
nd e
ffect
ive
coop
-er
atio
n fr
om e
xter
nal s
take
hold
ers
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 5
Whi
le b
oth
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms a
ckno
wle
dges
that
con
flict
pre
vent
ion
mus
t inc
lude
bot
h a
dire
ct/o
pera
tiona
l foc
us o
f int
erve
ning
bef
ore
larg
e-sc
ale
viol
ence
occ
urs,
as w
ell a
s foc
us o
n th
e st
ruct
ural
(roo
t) c
ause
s of c
onfli
ct, s
truc
tura
l con
flict
pre
vent
ion
rem
ains
at a
n in
cipi
ent s
tage
. At C
ontin
enta
l lev
el, a
lthou
gh st
ruct
ural
con
flict
pre
vent
ion
is co
ntai
ned
in n
umer
ous k
ey p
olic
y do
cu-
men
ts (o
n hu
man
righ
ts, g
over
nanc
e, d
emoc
ratis
atio
n, th
e fig
ht a
gain
st c
orru
ptio
n, d
isarm
amen
t, so
cio-
econ
omic
dev
elop
men
t, m
anag
emen
t of n
atur
al re
sour
ces a
mon
g m
any
othe
rs),
it w
as n
ot
until
rece
ntly
that
a sp
ecifi
c fr
amew
ork
on st
ruct
ural
con
flict
pre
vent
ion
has b
een
adop
ted.
In o
rder
to st
reng
then
its d
irect
pre
vent
ion
actio
ns w
ith a
ctiv
ities
to a
ssist
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
addr
essin
g/id
entif
ying
stru
ctur
al v
ulne
rabi
lity
of c
ount
ries t
o co
nflic
t at a
n ea
rly st
age,
the
Com
miss
ion
has e
labo
rate
d a
Cont
inen
tal S
truc
tura
l Con
flict
Pre
vent
ion
Fram
ewor
k an
d la
unch
ed a
n In
ter-d
epar
t-m
enta
l tas
kfor
ce o
n co
nflic
t pre
vent
ion.
At t
he sa
me
time,
the
AUC
has d
evel
oped
an
Afric
an G
over
nanc
e Ar
chite
ctur
e (A
GA) w
hich
add
ress
es m
any
of th
e di
men
sions
of s
truc
tura
l vul
nera
bilit
y, in
clud
ing
good
gov
erna
nce,
the
rule
of l
aw, d
emoc
racy
and
hum
an ri
ghts
, pop
ular
par
ticip
atio
n, m
anag
emen
t of p
ublic
fund
s, se
rvic
e de
liver
y am
ong
othe
rs. I
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
the
CSCP
F is
still
at
an in
cipi
ent s
tage
, a re
sult
of la
ck o
f res
ourc
es (s
taff
and
finan
cial
), th
e ne
ed to
mai
nstr
eam
con
flict
pre
vent
ion
(in it
s var
ious
dim
ensio
ns) i
n th
e w
ork
of th
e AU
C, a
mon
g ot
hers
. At t
he sa
me
time,
lin
kage
s bet
wee
n AP
SA a
nd A
GA a
s wel
l as t
he A
U a
nd th
e RE
Cs in
the
dom
ain
of st
ruct
ural
con
flict
pre
vent
ion
rem
ain
tenu
ous,
par
tly a
resu
lt of
lack
of c
omm
unic
atio
n an
d co
llabo
ratio
n be
twee
n di
ffere
nt d
epar
tmen
ts a
t AU
C, a
nd b
etw
een
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 5
Enha
nced
cap
acity
for S
truc
tura
l Con
flict
Pre
vent
ion
by th
e AU
and
the
RECs
.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 5
Indi
cato
rs z
At C
ontin
enta
l lev
el, t
he C
SCPF
is fi
nalis
ed
(rev
iew
ed b
y PS
D an
d ot
her s
take
hold
ers)
an
d sh
ared
z
CSVA
s are
con
duct
ed jo
intly
with
rele
vant
RE
Cs z
Resu
lts o
f the
CSV
A ar
e co
mm
unic
ated
to
the
IDTF
CP a
nd to
dec
ision
-mak
ers
z
IDTF
CP m
eets
regu
larly
z
Deci
sion-
mak
ers t
ake
into
acc
ount
the
anal
ysis
and
resu
lts o
f the
CSV
A z
The
AUC
grad
ually
dev
elop
s an
early
/ear
-ly
pre
vent
ion
post
ure
z
Incr
ease
d ha
rmon
izatio
n be
twee
n AP
SA
and
AGA
z
Deep
ened
link
bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
the
RECs
on
stru
ctur
al c
onfli
ct p
reve
ntio
n z
Evid
ence
of c
oord
inat
ion
with
REC
s/RM
s on
bor
der m
anag
emen
t and
cro
ss b
orde
r co
oper
atio
n z
Evid
ence
of i
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
the
(to b
e)
adop
ted
Enha
nced
Bor
der M
anag
emen
t St
rate
gy
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Cont
inen
tal S
truc
tura
l Con
flict
Pre
vent
ion
Fram
ewor
k (A
U)
z
RECs
/RM
s Con
flict
pre
vent
ion
fram
e-w
orks
z
Sam
ples
of C
SVA
repo
rts
z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
(CEW
S) z
AGA
oper
atio
naliz
atio
n re
port
s; z
Oth
er D
PA re
port
s
Assu
mpt
ions
z
At th
e le
vel o
f the
AU,
Mem
ber S
tate
s vo
lunt
eer f
or st
ruct
ural
vul
nera
bilit
y as
sess
men
ts;
z
AU a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes c
omm
it to
impl
e-m
entin
g th
e CS
CPF,
incl
udin
g th
e co
untr
y m
itiga
tion
stra
tegy
dim
ensio
n; z
At th
e AU
, all
rele
vant
dep
artm
ents
re
cogn
ise th
e im
port
ance
of t
he In
-te
r-Dep
artm
enta
l Tas
k Fo
rce
on C
onfli
ct
Prev
entio
n an
d ac
tivel
y pa
rtic
ipat
e in
its
activ
ities
and
mee
tings
z
Clos
e co
llabo
ratio
n be
twee
n AP
SA a
nd
AGA
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 5
.1Th
e AU
and
the
RECs
hav
e th
e ca
paci
ty fo
r sys
-te
mat
ic st
ruct
ur-
al v
ulne
rabi
lity
asse
ssm
ent/
anal
ysis
.
z
At A
U, C
SVA
and
CSVM
S ar
e co
nduc
ted
acco
rdin
g to
the
agre
ed To
R.
z
Evid
ence
of u
tilisa
tion
of th
e m
etho
dolo
-gy
, man
uals
and
SOPs
obs
erve
d; z
Cons
ider
atio
n/ta
blin
g of
the
CSVA
/CSV
M
at th
e In
ter-d
epar
tmen
tal t
askf
orce
on
conf
lict p
reve
ntio
n z
Evid
ence
of c
olla
bora
tion
with
DPA
(w
ithin
the
AGA
fram
ewor
k) z
Feed
back
on
the
qual
ity o
f rep
orts
ob
tain
ed fr
om d
ecisi
on-m
aker
s/ot
hers
as
appr
opria
te
z
Met
hodo
logy
, man
uals
and
SOPs
for
Coun
try
Stru
ctur
al V
ulne
rabi
lity
Asse
ss-
men
t are
fina
lised
; z
Agre
emen
t is f
orm
alise
d w
ith in
itial
(vol
-un
teer
) Mem
ber S
tate
s to
be th
e su
bjec
t of
the
CSVA
/CSV
MS;
z
Trai
ning
of a
naly
sts a
nd o
ther
rese
arch
-er
s on
CSVA
/CSV
MS;
z
Prod
uctio
n of
the
CSVA
/CSV
MS
follo
win
g th
e te
mpl
ate;
z
Diss
emin
atio
n of
the
resu
lts.
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f clo
ser l
inka
ges b
etw
een
APSA
and
AGA
z
Cont
inen
tal S
truc
tura
l Con
flict
Pre
ven-
tion
Fram
ewor
k z
Sam
ples
of C
SVA/
CSVM
S re
port
s z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
(CEW
S) z
AGA
repo
rts
z
Sam
e as
abo
ve
Out
put 5
.2At
AU
, the
In
ter-
depa
rt-
men
tal T
ask-
forc
e on
Con
flict
Pr
even
tion
conv
enes
regu
-la
rly a
nd g
uide
s th
e or
gani
satio
n in
its e
ffort
s at
mai
nstr
eam
ing
of c
onfli
ct p
re-
vent
ion
acro
ss
AUC
thro
ugh
polic
y re
com
-m
enda
tions
, di
rect
supp
ort
to p
rogr
amm
es
and
depa
rt-
men
ts.
z
Inte
r-dep
artm
enta
l tas
kfor
ce o
n co
nflic
t pr
even
tion
mee
ts re
gula
rly;
z
Inte
r-dep
artm
enta
l tas
kfor
ce o
n co
nflic
t pr
even
tion
mee
tings
are
att
ende
d by
al
l AU
C st
akeh
olde
rs in
volv
ed (a
nd n
ot
simpl
y PS
D st
aff);
z
Inte
r-dep
artm
enta
l tas
kfor
ce o
n co
nflic
t pr
even
tion
mee
tings
subs
tant
ivel
y ad
-dr
ess t
he m
anda
te o
f the
task
forc
e;
z
Regu
lar m
eetin
gs o
f the
Tas
kfor
ce;
z
Trai
ning
acr
oss A
UC
on th
e Co
ntin
enta
l St
ruct
ural
Con
flict
Pre
vent
ion
Polic
y Fr
amew
ork
and
rela
ted
inst
rum
ents
z
Task
forc
e to
con
sider
inte
r-dep
artm
enta
l br
iefin
gs to
dec
ision
-mak
ers o
n sit
ua-
tions
und
er c
onsid
erat
ion
z
Min
utes
of m
eetin
gs z
Inte
rnal
CEW
S ac
tivity
repo
rts
z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
(CEW
S)
z
Sam
e as
abo
ve
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 1
Results Framework Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention (including Early Warning and Preventive Diplomacy)
75
76
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
tsO
utpu
ts In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctiv
ities
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
Assu
mpt
ions
Out
put 5
.3St
reng
then
ed
inst
itutio
nal
linka
ges a
nd
syne
rgy
be-
twee
n AP
SA a
nd
AGA
to su
ppor
t an
d co
mpl
i-m
ent e
ffort
s by
Mem
bers
Sta
te
to a
chie
ve th
eir
com
mitm
ents
on
hum
an ri
ghts
an
d th
e ru
le o
f la
w, p
opul
ar
part
icip
atio
n,
man
agem
ent
of p
ublic
fund
s (a
ccou
ntab
ility
, co
rrup
tion)
, tr
ansp
aren
cy,
lega
l and
judi
-ci
al fr
amew
orks
, el
ectio
ns a
nd
publ
ic p
artic
ipa-
tion
and
hum
an
right
s.
z
Enha
nced
and
dee
pene
d co
nduc
t of f
ree
and
fair
elec
tions
z
Stra
tegy
to a
ddre
ss u
ncon
stitu
tiona
l ch
ange
s of g
over
nmen
t is i
n pl
ace.
z
Enha
nced
und
erst
andi
ng o
n co
nstit
u-tio
nal i
ssue
s in
Afric
a; z
Enha
nced
pop
ular
isatio
n of
AU
nor
ms
and
lega
l prin
cipl
es
z
AGA
Secr
etar
iat r
egul
arly
pro
vide
s sit
uatio
nal a
naly
sis to
mem
bers
of t
he
PSC
(and
oth
er A
PSA
pilla
rs) o
n iss
ues
rang
ing
from
ele
ctio
ns, h
uman
righ
ts,
cons
titut
iona
lism
and
rule
of l
aw, a
nd
hum
anita
rian
situa
tions
; z
AGA
tech
nica
l and
pol
itica
l mee
tings
are
at
tend
ed b
y Pe
ace
and
Secu
rity
Coun
cil
Mem
bers
z
AGA
part
icip
ates
in th
e In
ter-d
epar
tmen
-ta
l Tas
kfor
ce o
n Co
nflic
t Pre
vent
ion
z
Join
t miss
ions
bet
wee
n DP
A an
d PS
D (fo
r ex
ampl
e PC
RD re
late
d) z
Annu
al H
igh
Leve
l Dia
logu
e on
Dem
ocra
-cy
, Hum
an R
ight
s and
Gov
erna
nce
z
Stud
y on
the
Stat
e of
Con
stitu
tiona
lism
in
Afr
ica
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f a st
rate
gy to
add
ress
un
cons
titut
iona
l cha
nges
of g
over
nmen
t z
Popu
laris
atio
n of
AU
nor
mat
ive
fram
e-w
orks
on
dem
ocra
cy, e
lect
ions
, gov
ern-
ance
and
hum
an ri
ghts
z
Capa
city
bui
ldin
g of
Afr
ican
inst
itutio
ns
to st
reng
then
rule
of l
aw in
Afr
ica
z
Post
ele
ctio
ns jo
int a
sses
smen
ts a
nd d
i-al
ogue
s on
impl
emen
tatio
n of
ele
ctio
ns
obse
rver
s rec
omm
enda
tions
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f an
inve
ntor
y of
stan
d-ar
ds a
nd b
est p
ract
ices
in e
lect
ions
z
DPA
Repo
rts
z
AGA
tech
nica
l and
pol
itica
l mee
tings
’ re
port
s z
Repo
rts o
f the
Inte
rdep
artm
enta
l Tas
k-fo
rce
on C
onfli
ct P
reve
ntio
n z
Conc
ludi
ng o
bser
vatio
ns a
nd re
com
men
-da
tions
on
the
stat
us o
f im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e Af
rican
Cha
rter
on
Dem
ocra
cy,
Elec
tions
and
gov
erna
nce
z
Out
com
e st
atem
ent f
or th
e hi
gh L
evel
Di
alog
ue o
n De
moc
racy
z
At th
e AU
, rel
evan
t dep
artm
ents
are
co
gnisa
nt o
f the
nee
d to
dev
elop
stra
te-
gies
and
act
iviti
es to
faci
litat
e AG
A-AP
SA
syne
rgie
s
Out
put 5
.4En
hanc
ed
capa
citie
s in
delim
itatio
n an
d de
mar
catio
n of
bor
ders
as a
co
nflic
t pre
ven-
tion
mea
sure
z
Evid
ence
of m
embe
r sta
te se
nsiti
satio
n an
d en
gage
men
t with
the
issue
of b
or-
der d
elim
itatio
n an
d de
mar
catio
n z
Upd
ated
dat
a co
llect
ed o
n cu
rren
t bor
-de
rs (A
UBI
S –
Bord
er In
form
atio
n Sy
stem
up
to d
ate)
z
Staf
f rec
ruite
d an
d tr
aine
d z
Ratif
icat
ion
and
entr
y in
to fo
rce
of th
e AU
con
vent
ion
on C
ross
Bor
der C
oope
ra-
tion
also
cal
led
Nia
mey
Con
vent
ion
z
Tech
nica
l and
fina
ncia
l sup
port
as w
ell
as p
rovi
sion
of n
eces
sary
equ
ipm
ent t
o M
embe
r Sta
tes f
or th
e de
limita
tion
and
dem
arca
tion
exer
cise
s z
Sens
itisa
tion
of m
embe
r sta
tes o
n th
e be
nefit
s of d
elim
itatio
n an
d de
mar
ca-
tion
of b
orde
rs a
s a c
onfli
ct p
reve
ntio
n m
easu
re z
Enco
urag
e jo
int i
nteg
rate
d m
anag
emen
t of
bor
der a
reas
z
Trai
ning
of b
orde
r man
agem
ent a
genc
ies
on e
nhan
ced
bord
er m
anag
emen
t z
Sens
itisa
tion
miss
ions
to M
embe
r Sta
tes
for t
he e
ntry
into
forc
e of
the
cros
s bor
-de
r coo
pera
tion
(Nia
mey
Con
vent
ion)
z
Sust
ain
annu
al c
oord
inat
ion
mee
tings
be
twee
n AU
BP a
nd R
ECs o
n Bo
rder
M
anag
emen
t z
Data
col
lect
ion
on th
e st
atus
of c
urre
nt
bord
ers i
n Af
rica
(thr
ough
fiel
d m
issio
ns
and
upda
ted
repo
rts t
o be
sent
by
MS)
z
Avai
l col
onia
l bor
der a
rchi
ves t
o su
ppor
t de
limita
tion
proc
ess b
y M
embe
r Sta
tes
thro
ugh
the
esta
blish
men
t of a
bor
der
arch
ives
bur
eau
with
the
AUBP
and
at
the
RECs
leve
l z
Offe
r pla
tform
to fa
cilit
ate
disc
ussio
ns
betw
een
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
find
solu
-tio
ns to
com
mon
bor
der i
ssue
s z
Recr
uitm
ent o
f 2 e
xper
ts o
n de
limita
tion
and
dem
arca
tion
and
recr
uitm
ent o
f 3
expe
rts o
n cr
oss b
orde
r coo
pera
tion,
ca
paci
ty d
evel
opm
ent a
nd p
roje
ct m
an-
agem
ent
z
Proc
urem
ent o
f the
soft
war
e fo
r the
AU
Bo
rder
Info
rmat
ion
Syst
em z
ECCA
S: D
evel
opm
ent o
f the
soft
war
e fo
r th
e RE
Cs’ B
orde
r Inf
orm
atio
n Sy
stem
z
AU M
&E
repo
rts
z
Inte
r-sta
te b
orde
r con
vent
ions
or p
ro-
toco
ls z
Tran
s-bo
rder
coo
pera
tion
infr
astr
uctu
res
(roa
ds, h
ospi
tals,
scho
ols,
mar
kets
, wat
er
foun
tain
s, e
tc.)
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s can
con
sult
the
arch
ive
at th
e AU
and
REC
s bur
eau
of a
rchi
ves
z
Polit
ical
com
mitm
ent o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s z
Avai
labi
lity
of fi
nanc
ial a
nd h
uman
re
sour
ces
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 1
Results Framework Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention (including Early Warning and Preventive Diplomacy)
77
78
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Pr
oble
m d
efin
ition
6Al
thou
gh c
onfli
ct p
reve
ntio
n ha
s bee
n re
peat
edly
con
sider
ed a
key
prio
rity
of th
e AU
and
the
RECs
, man
y re
spon
dent
s tal
k ab
out a
pre
vaili
ng ‘c
ultu
re o
f fire
figh
ting’
, with
the
orga
nisa
tions
tend
ing
to a
ct w
hen
situa
tions
hav
e al
read
y tu
rned
vio
lent
. Par
tly, t
his a
ppea
rs to
be
rela
ted
to o
vera
ll ca
paci
ty, r
esou
rces
as w
ell a
s the
nee
d no
t to
lose
focu
s on
on-g
oing
hig
h in
tens
ity c
onfli
cts/
AU p
eace
su
ppor
t ope
ratio
ns, b
ut a
lso th
is ca
n be
att
ribut
ed to
: z
Lack
of c
apac
ity fo
r pre
vent
ive
dipl
omac
y (h
uman
reso
urce
s, sk
ills,
fina
ncia
l) z
Ad-h
oc n
atur
e of
dec
ision
-mak
ing,
pla
nnin
g an
d de
ploy
men
t of p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
miss
ions
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
Enha
nced
cap
acity
by
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs to
effe
ctiv
ely
de-
ploy
and
con
duct
pre
vent
ive
dipl
omac
y (d
irect
pre
vent
ion)
.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
of f
requ
ency
, rel
evan
ce a
nd
effic
acy
of p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
mis-
sions
und
erta
ken
by th
e AU
and
the
RECs
(g
ood
offic
es, f
act f
indi
ng, c
onci
liatio
n,
pre-
elec
tion
miss
ions
); z
At th
e AU
, evi
denc
e of
clo
ser c
oord
ina-
tion
betw
een
PSC,
Cha
irper
son,
Spe
cial
En
voys
and
Mem
bers
of P
anel
of t
he
Wise
(bot
h in
form
al a
s wel
l as f
orm
al
thro
ugh
part
icip
atio
n in
PSC
mee
tings
, et
c) z
Mem
bers
of t
he P
anel
of t
he W
ise/
Frie
nds o
f the
Pan
el/P
anW
ise a
re re
gu-
larly
task
ed w
ith p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
miss
ions
; z
REC
Polic
y O
rgan
s tas
k th
eir r
espe
ctiv
e Co
unci
ls of
Eld
ers o
r sim
ilar s
truc
ture
s to
unde
rtak
e pr
even
tive
dipl
omac
y ac
tions
z
Evid
ence
of p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
mis-
sions
und
erta
ken
by C
ounc
ils o
f Eld
ers
and
simila
r str
uctu
res
z
Conf
iden
tial r
epor
ts o
f Cou
ncils
of E
lder
s or
sim
ilar s
truc
ture
s pre
sent
ed to
dec
i-sio
n m
aker
s z
PSC
and
AUC
Chai
rper
son
as w
ell a
s Ex
ecut
ive
Secr
etar
y’s a
t REC
s reg
ular
ly
cond
uct p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
miss
ions
/ot
her u
nder
taki
ngs
z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
impl
emen
ted
as p
art o
f a M
&E
syst
em z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
miss
ions
with
REC
s un
der t
he P
anW
ise u
mbr
ella
z
Evid
ence
of s
tren
gthe
ned
capa
city
for
dire
ct p
reve
ntio
n at
nat
iona
l lev
el (n
a-tio
nal i
nfra
stru
ctur
es fo
r pea
ce)
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
PSC
Com
mun
iqué
s and
Pre
ss R
elea
ses
z
Chai
rper
son’
s Com
mun
iqué
s and
Pre
ss
Rele
ases
z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t rep
orts
; z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
z
Med
ia re
port
s z
Join
t pol
itica
l miss
ions
repo
rts
z
Elec
tion
Obs
erva
tion
Miss
ion
Repo
rts
(ele
ctio
n di
sput
es a
nd c
risis
prev
entio
n m
eetin
gs)
z
REC
activ
ity re
port
s z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
and
com
mitm
ent f
rom
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs to
rega
rd p
reve
ntiv
e di
plo-
mac
y as
a k
ey to
ol fo
r the
mai
nten
ance
of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y z
Com
mitm
ent b
y re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs to
st
ream
line
a pr
even
tive
actio
n ap
proa
ch
to C
PMR;
z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
ld-
ers t
o pu
ttin
g in
to p
ract
ice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to;
z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 6
.1AU
and
REC
s/RM
s act
ors
invo
lved
in p
re-
vent
ive
dipl
o-m
acy
mis
sion
s ar
e eq
uipp
ed
with
rele
vant
ca
paci
ties f
or
timel
y an
d ef
fec-
tive
prev
entiv
e ac
tions
z
AU P
anel
of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t ful
ly st
affe
d; z
Agre
emen
t on
the
loca
tion
and
staf
fing
of a
n AU
M
edia
tion
Supp
ort U
nit (
MSU
) (*t
o be
disc
usse
d in
the
next
spec
ific
obje
ctiv
e) z
Targ
eted
/tai
lore
d tr
aini
ng to
all
rele
vant
stak
e-ho
lder
s con
duct
ed z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise/F
riend
s of t
he P
anel
/Pan
Wise
m
embe
rs d
eplo
yed
freq
uent
ly z
PSC
mem
bers
and
Cha
irper
son
depl
oyed
fre-
quen
tly z
PSD
Rost
er is
use
d fo
r the
sele
ctio
n of
“pr
even
-tiv
e di
plom
ats”
and
thei
r tea
ms
z
Join
t miss
ions
und
erta
ken
(incl
udin
g di
ffere
nt
sect
ors w
ithin
the
AUC)
z
2012
SO
Ps fo
r Med
iatio
n Su
ppor
t are
bei
ng u
sed
in p
reve
ntiv
e m
issio
ns (*
incl
udin
g pr
e-de
ploy
-m
ent s
tart
-up
phas
e, o
pera
tiona
l pla
ns, e
tc)
z
The
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
for
Med
iatio
n Pr
oces
ses i
s bei
ng u
sed
in p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
miss
ions
z
CEW
S an
d PS
D De
sk O
ffice
rs e
ngag
ed (*
see
belo
w)
z
Fund
raisi
ng/f
inan
cial
sust
aina
bilit
y st
rate
gy
agre
ed.
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
capa
city
of t
he E
COW
AS
Coun
cil o
f the
Wise
on
tech
niqu
es o
f man
agin
g an
d m
itiga
ting
crise
s
z
Fina
lise
the
recr
uitm
ent o
f sta
ff fo
r the
Pan
el o
f th
e W
ise S
ecre
taria
t z
Fina
lise
the
cons
ulta
tions
on
a M
edia
tion
Supp
ort
Uni
t z
Fina
lise
the
oper
atio
nalis
atio
n of
Pan
Wise
(cod
e of
con
duct
and
acc
redi
tatio
n pr
oced
ure)
z
Crea
te a
n O
pera
tiona
l Sup
port
Team
(*di
scus
sed
belo
w u
nder
med
iatio
n) z
Cond
uct n
eeds
ass
essm
ent s
urve
y w
ith S
peci
al
Envo
ys, R
epre
sent
ativ
es, P
anel
of t
he W
ise/
Frie
nds o
f the
Pan
el/P
anW
ise m
embe
rs a
nd a
lso
PSC
and
Chai
rper
son’
s Offi
ce z
Targ
eted
/tai
lore
d tr
aini
ng to
Pan
el o
f the
Wise
/Fr
iend
s of t
he P
anel
/Pan
Wise
mem
bers
on
the
basis
of n
eeds
ass
essm
ent s
urve
y; a
nd a
lso P
SC
mem
bers
and
staf
f at C
hairp
erso
n’s o
ffice
z
Clos
er in
tera
ctio
n w
ith C
EWS
and
PSD
Desk
O
ffice
rs
z
Ope
ratio
nal s
uppo
rt to
pre
vent
ive
actio
ns;
z
Subs
tant
ive
part
icip
atio
n of
Pan
el o
f the
Wise
Se
cret
aria
t, as
wel
l as r
epre
sent
ativ
es o
f the
PSC
an
d th
e of
fice
of th
e Ch
airp
erso
n in
the
activ
ities
of
the
Inte
r-dep
artm
enta
l Tas
kfor
ce o
n Co
nflic
t Pr
even
tion
z
Fina
lisat
ion
of th
e PS
D Ro
ster
(pre
vent
ive
dipl
omac
y an
d m
edia
tion
sect
ions
; env
oys a
nd
tech
nica
l exp
erts
) z
Subs
tant
ive
part
icip
atio
n of
Pan
el o
f the
Wise
Se
cret
aria
t, as
wel
l as r
epre
sent
ativ
es o
f the
PSC
an
d th
e of
fice
of th
e Ch
airp
erso
n in
act
iviti
es
rela
ted
to th
e Co
ntin
enta
l Str
uctu
ral C
onfli
ct
Prev
entio
n Fr
amew
ork
z
At R
ECs l
evel
: z
Supp
ort t
o pr
even
tive
dipl
omac
y m
issio
ns a
nd
capa
city
enh
ance
men
t of t
he C
ounc
il of
the
Wise
or
of s
imila
r str
uctu
res
z
Deve
lop
a st
rate
gy fo
r fun
d ra
ising
and
sust
aina
-bi
lity
z
Esta
blish
, whe
re a
pplic
able
, miss
ing
prev
entiv
e di
plom
acy
stru
ctur
es
z
PSC
Com
mun
iqué
s and
Pre
ss
Rele
ases
z
Chai
rper
son’
s Com
mun
iqué
s an
d Pr
ess R
elea
ses
z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t re
port
s;
z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
cu-
rity
in A
fric
a z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fr
amew
ork
z
Med
ia re
port
s z
REC
activ
ity re
port
s z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd
asse
ssm
ents
z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd
capa
bilit
ies
z
Avai
labi
lity
of ti
mel
y an
d re
le-
vant
ear
ly w
arni
ng in
form
atio
n an
d an
alys
is z
Will
and
com
mitm
ent f
rom
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs to
rega
rd
prev
entiv
e di
plom
acy
as a
key
to
ol fo
r the
mai
nten
ance
of
peac
e an
d se
curit
y z
Com
mitm
ent b
y re
leva
nt st
ake-
hold
ers t
o st
ream
line
a pr
even
-tiv
e ac
tion
appr
oach
to C
PMR
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 1
Results Framework Strategic Priority 1: Conflict Prevention (including Early Warning and Preventive Diplomacy)
79
80
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
tsO
utpu
ts In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctiv
ities
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
Assu
mpt
ions
Out
put 6
.2Cl
early
def
ined
sy
stem
and
pr
oces
s for
de
cisi
on-m
ak-
ing,
pla
nnin
g,
depl
oym
ent a
nd
cond
uct o
f pre
-ve
ntiv
e di
plo-
mac
y m
issi
ons
in a
coo
rdin
ated
m
anne
r is i
n pl
ace.
z
Evid
ence
of c
oord
inat
ion
betw
een
AU
acto
rs a
nd b
etw
een
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs
invo
lved
in p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
z
Exist
ence
of a
pre
vent
ive
dipl
omac
y an
d m
edia
tion
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t z
Chai
rper
son,
Spe
cial
Env
oys,
and
mem
-be
rs o
f the
Pan
el o
f the
Wise
mee
t mor
e re
gula
rly
z
Prev
entiv
e di
plom
acy
inte
rven
tions
ar
e co
nduc
ted
on th
e ba
sis o
f sha
red
anal
ysis
z
Incr
ease
d fr
eque
ncy
of jo
int m
issio
ns
(Pan
Wise
, AU
/REC
s) z
Evid
ence
of c
oord
inat
ion
betw
een
AU,
RECs
and
oth
er a
ctor
s inv
olve
d in
pre
-ve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
z
Supp
ort t
o “p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
ats”
dur
ing
inte
rven
tions
on
the
grou
nd z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
natio
nal c
apac
ities
fo
r pre
vent
ive
dipl
omac
y
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f an
inte
grat
ed p
reve
n-tiv
e di
plom
acy
and
med
iatio
n st
rate
gy (*
se
e al
so sp
ecifi
c ob
ject
ive
on m
edia
tion
belo
w)
z
Out
reac
h an
d in
form
atio
n ac
tions
on
the
prev
entiv
e ro
les o
f diff
eren
t AU
inst
itu-
tions
and
bod
ies;
z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t/M
edia
tion
Supp
ort U
nit s
taffe
d an
d eq
uipp
ed fo
r en
hanc
ed c
oord
inat
ion
of m
anag
emen
t/ad
min
/logi
stic
al su
ppor
t com
pone
nts o
f pr
even
tive
dipl
omac
y;
z
Adap
t/ad
opt 2
012
SOPs
for M
edia
tion
Supp
ort s
peci
fical
ly to
pre
vent
ive
mis-
sions
(*in
clud
ing
deci
sion
on a
ppoi
nt-
men
ts, p
re-d
eplo
ymen
t sta
rt-u
p ph
ase,
op
erat
iona
l pla
ns, e
tc)
z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t/M
edia
-tio
n Su
ppor
t Uni
t to
deve
lop
a pl
an to
st
reng
then
syst
emat
ic li
nkag
es b
etw
een
the
PSC,
Cha
irper
son,
Pan
el o
f the
Wise
/Fr
iend
s of t
he P
anel
, and
AU
Spe
cial
En
voys
z
Impl
emen
t a p
ract
ice
of ti
mel
y, re
leva
nt
and
shar
ed a
naly
sis (s
ee a
bove
, CEW
S) z
Stre
ngth
en th
e lin
kage
s with
REC
s/RM
s w
ith re
gard
s to
prev
entiv
e di
plom
acy
inte
rven
tions
; z
Tech
nica
l sup
port
to th
e RE
Cs fo
r st
reng
then
ing
thei
r pre
vent
ive
dipl
oma-
cy c
apac
ities
z
Expa
nd th
e on
e-da
y m
eetin
g of
Pan
el o
f th
e W
ise m
embe
rs w
ith S
peci
al E
nvoy
s (A
nnua
l Hig
h Le
vel R
etre
at);
z
Und
erta
king
regu
lar r
evie
ws a
nd e
valu
a-tio
n of
con
flict
pre
vent
ion
activ
ities
z
PSC
Com
mun
iqué
s and
Pre
ss R
elea
ses
z
Chai
rper
son’
s Com
mun
iqué
s and
Pre
ss
Rele
ases
z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t rep
orts
; z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
z
Med
ia re
port
s z
REC
activ
ity re
port
s z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
z
Will
and
com
mitm
ent f
rom
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs to
rega
rd p
reve
ntiv
e di
plo-
mac
y as
a k
ey to
ol fo
r the
mai
nten
ance
of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y z
Com
mitm
ent b
y re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs to
st
ream
line
a pr
even
tive
actio
n ap
proa
ch
to C
PMR;
z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
ld-
ers t
o pu
ttin
g in
to p
ract
ice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to;
z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 2
2Re
sults
Fra
mew
ork
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 2:
Cr
isis
/Con
flict
Man
agem
ent
Afric
an S
tand
by-F
orce
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y O
bjec
tive
To c
ontr
ibut
e to
enh
ance
d op
erat
iona
l rea
dine
ss o
f the
ASF
, an
d m
ore
effe
ctiv
e Af
rican
PSO
s
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
of c
oope
ratio
n be
twee
n AU
, RE
Cs/R
Ms a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes i
n th
e de
velo
pmen
t and
rete
ntio
n of
PSO
ca
pabi
litie
s z
Evid
ence
of c
oope
ratio
n be
twee
n AU
, RE
Cs/R
Ms a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes i
n th
e pl
anni
ng a
nd d
eplo
ymen
t of o
pera
tions
z
Evid
ence
of s
yste
ms a
nd p
roce
dure
s w
hich
ena
ble
the
depl
oym
ent o
f PSO
s z
Evid
ence
of t
imel
y de
ploy
men
t of o
p-er
atio
ns w
ithin
the
cont
ext o
f rel
evan
t fr
amew
orks
z
Evid
ence
of e
ffect
ive
plan
ning
and
man
-ag
emen
t of o
pera
tions
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Deci
sions
by
rele
vant
dec
ision
-mak
ing
orga
ns z
Avai
labi
lity
of c
ompr
ehen
sive
miss
ion
plan
ning
and
man
agem
ent d
ocum
enta
-tio
n z
Docu
men
ted
capa
bilit
ies a
vaila
ble
for
depl
oym
ent
z
Abili
ty to
rapi
dly
and
effic
ient
ly p
lan
and
depl
oy o
pera
tions
z
Enha
nced
cap
acity
and
cap
abili
ties f
or
the
man
agem
ent a
nd su
sten
ance
of
oper
atio
ns
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
and
com
mitm
ent f
rom
all
stak
ehol
d-er
s inv
olve
d in
the
ASF
in p
uttin
g in
to
prac
tice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to z
Rele
vanc
e an
d su
itabi
lity
of th
e AS
F co
n-ce
pt to
Afr
ican
PSO
requ
irem
ents
and
de
ploy
men
t nee
ds z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 1
The
polit
ical
and
lega
l dec
ision
-mak
ing
proc
esse
s hav
e no
t bee
n su
ffici
ently
dev
elop
ed a
nd st
ruct
ured
to e
nabl
e ra
pid
depl
oym
ent o
f pea
ce su
ppor
t ope
ratio
ns
and
coop
erat
ion
amon
g AU
, REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
this
rega
rd.
Results Framework Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
81
82
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Sp
ecifi
c O
bjec
tives
1Po
litic
al/l
egal
dec
isio
n-m
akin
g m
echa
nism
s are
cla
rifie
d,
harm
onis
ed a
nd st
ruct
ured
bet
wee
n sp
ecifi
cally
the
AU a
nd
the
RECs
/RM
s so
as to
ena
ble
mor
e ef
fect
ive
coop
erat
ion
in
man
datin
g, d
eplo
ymen
t and
man
agem
ent o
f ope
ratio
ns
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
es 1
Indi
cato
rs
z
Exist
ence
and
util
isatio
n of
har
mon
ised
and
stre
amlin
ed p
olic
ies,
gui
danc
e an
d pr
oced
ures
(bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
the
RECs
/RM
s) in
form
ing
PSO
man
datin
g an
d de
cisio
n m
akin
g fo
r the
pla
nnin
g,
depl
oym
ent a
nd m
anag
emen
t of P
SOs
z
Evid
ence
of p
lann
ed a
nd st
ruct
ured
co
nsul
tatio
ns a
mon
gst A
UC
Depa
rtm
ents
an
d Di
visio
ns o
n th
e pl
anni
ng, m
anda
t-in
g/de
cisio
n m
akin
g an
d de
ploy
men
t of
PSO
s z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
AU
and
REC
s/RM
s pl
anni
ng, p
rogr
amm
ing
and
asse
ssm
ent
in re
latio
n to
the
deve
lopm
ent a
nd
enha
ncem
ent o
f the
ASF
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
AU
and
REC
s/RM
s ana
l-ys
is an
d pl
anni
ng fo
r ope
ratio
ns z
Evid
ence
of A
U a
nd R
ECs/
RMs c
oord
ina-
tion/
colla
bora
tion
in th
e pr
epar
atio
n of
de
ploy
men
ts z
Evid
ence
of t
imel
y de
ploy
men
t of o
per-
atio
ns z
Incr
ease
d ra
pidi
ty in
the
depl
oym
ent o
f PS
Os
Sour
ces o
f Ver
ifica
tion
z
Deve
lopm
ent a
nd u
tilisa
tion
of p
olic
ies,
gu
idan
ce a
nd S
OPs
on
plan
ning
and
de-
cisio
n m
akin
g pr
oces
ses a
nd c
orpo
ratio
n an
d co
ordi
natio
n ap
proa
ches
, sys
tem
s an
d m
echa
nism
s am
ong
AU, R
ECs/
RMs
and
Mem
ber S
tate
s z
Repo
rts a
nd/o
r min
utes
from
AU,
REC
/RM
mee
tings
z
Min
utes
from
AU
-REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
-be
r Sta
tes m
eetin
gs z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
t z
Mon
itorin
g do
cum
ent,
mon
itorin
g da
ta,
data
ana
lysis
z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on z
Min
utes
from
mon
itorin
g m
eetin
gs
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Suffi
cien
t pol
itica
l will
and
com
mitm
ent
at th
e va
rious
dec
ision
mak
ing
leve
ls of
th
e AU
, REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
ens
ure
effe
ctiv
e co
oper
atio
n fo
r mor
e ra
pid
and
effic
ient
inte
rven
tions
z
Defin
ition
of c
oope
ratio
n m
echa
nism
s in
line
with
the
conc
ept o
f sha
red
resp
on-
sibili
ties a
cros
s the
se th
ree
leve
ls an
d fa
cilit
atio
n of
com
mon
/sim
ilar/
repl
icab
le
syst
ems a
nd p
roce
dure
s tha
t will
faci
l-ita
te sh
arin
g re
quire
d in
form
atio
n fo
r m
onito
ring
and
repo
rtin
g pu
rpos
es z
Rele
vant
AU
C De
part
men
ts a
nd D
ivisi
ons
unde
rsta
nd th
eir r
oles
in su
ppor
ting
PSO
s and
are
will
ing
to su
ppor
t the
ce
ntra
l rol
e of
the
Peac
e an
d Se
curit
y De
part
men
t in
exec
utio
n of
pol
itica
l and
le
gal d
ecisi
ons a
s con
cern
PSO
s z
Pres
ence
of i
ndiv
idua
l, or
gani
satio
nal
and
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ities
am
ong
the
stak
ehol
ders
with
in th
e AS
F st
ruct
ures
to
impl
emen
t wha
t is r
equi
red
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 1
.1
Polit
ical
dec
isio
n m
akin
g gu
id-
ance
/pro
cess
es
and
coop
erat
ion
mec
hani
sms f
or
PSO
s are
dev
el-
oped
, for
mal
ly
endo
rsed
and
ut
ilise
d by
the
AUC
RECs
/RM
s an
d M
embe
r St
ates
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f gui
delin
es a
nd p
roce
-du
res a
ligne
d to
cur
rent
real
ities
and
de
velo
pmen
ts
z
AU (+
Mem
ber S
tate
s) a
nd R
ECs/
RMs
form
ally
end
orse
gui
delin
es a
nd p
roce
-du
res
z
Evid
ence
that
the
entir
e sy
stem
of a
ctor
s sy
stem
atic
ally
app
lies a
nd re
fere
nces
th
e gu
idel
ines
and
pro
cedu
res f
or th
e pu
rpos
es o
f pol
itica
l dec
ision
mak
ing
z
AU, R
EC/R
M, M
embe
r Sta
tes W
orks
hop
to a
sses
s lay
ers o
f dec
ision
mak
ing,
im
plic
atio
ns fo
r rap
id e
mpl
oym
ent o
f the
AS
F (a
nd R
DC),
and
to h
arm
onise
and
st
ream
line
resp
ectiv
e pr
oced
ures
and
tim
efra
mes
z
Seek
form
al e
ndor
sem
ent (
at a
ll le
vels
as
rele
vant
) of a
gree
d up
on p
roce
dure
s and
tim
efra
mes
z
Ensu
re p
lann
ers a
nd o
ther
rele
vant
staf
f an
d st
akeh
olde
rs a
re se
nsiti
sed/
orie
nt-
ed o
n de
cisio
n m
akin
g pr
oced
ures
and
po
licie
s
z
Repo
rts f
rom
con
sulta
tive
mee
tings
/w
orks
hops
z
Deci
sions
take
n by
the
AU a
utho
ritie
s
z
Polit
ical
will
to a
dopt
a c
lear
def
initi
on
and
faci
litat
e de
velo
pmen
t of P
oliti
cal
deci
sion
mak
ing
guid
ance
/pro
cess
es
and
coop
erat
ion
mec
hani
sms f
or P
SOs
by b
oth
the
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd M
embe
r St
ates
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 2
Results Framework Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
Out
put 1
.2
Deci
sion
mak
ing
proc
esse
s and
pr
oced
ures
for
PSO
s of t
he A
U,
RECs
/RM
s and
M
embe
r Sta
tes
harm
onis
ed a
nd
stre
amlin
ed
z
Esta
blish
men
t of c
lear
pro
cedu
res f
or
deci
sion
mak
ing/
man
datin
g of
miss
ions
z
RECs
/RM
s and
Mem
ber S
tate
s tak
e sp
e-ci
fic d
ecisi
ons a
t the
regi
onal
and
nat
ion-
al le
vels
on th
e m
anda
ting
and
plan
ning
of
AU
led/
man
date
d PS
Os i
n ac
cord
ance
w
ith c
olle
ctiv
e de
cisio
ns u
nder
take
n at
th
e co
ntin
enta
l lev
el
z
PSC
and
othe
r rel
evan
t dec
ision
mak
ing
auth
oriti
es sy
stem
atic
ally
adh
ere
to
esta
blish
ed p
roce
sses
and
pro
cedu
res
z
Cons
ulta
tive
mee
ting
betw
een
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes t
o m
ap o
ut
a de
cisio
n m
akin
g pr
oces
s whi
ch a
lso
assig
ns ro
les a
nd re
spon
sibili
ties,
se-
quen
cing
and
har
mon
isatio
n of
dec
ision
m
akin
g pr
oced
ures
z
Form
al e
ndor
sem
ent o
f agr
eed
proc
ess-
es/p
roce
dure
s
z
Repo
rts f
rom
con
sulta
tive
mee
tings
z
Deci
sions
take
n by
the
AU, R
EC-R
M a
nd
Mem
ber S
tate
aut
horit
ies
z
Polit
ical
will
of t
he A
U, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd
Mem
ber t
o ha
rmon
ise a
nd st
ream
line
thei
r dec
ision
mak
ing
proc
esse
s and
pr
oced
ures
for P
SOs
Out
put 1
.3
Lega
l arr
ange
-m
ents
and
pro
-ce
dure
s for
the
empl
oym
ent o
f th
e AS
F by
the
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s con
clud
ed
and
agre
ed
upon
z
Exist
ence
of a
ppro
ved
lega
l arr
ange
-m
ents
and
pro
cedu
res f
or P
SOs
z
All r
elev
ant s
take
hold
ers a
re a
dequ
atel
y se
nsiti
sed
on th
e le
gal r
equi
rem
ents
and
ar
rang
emen
ts
z
Cond
uct w
orks
hop
to d
evel
op le
gal
fram
ewor
k fo
r the
ASF
(to
incl
ude
rele
-va
nt te
mpl
ates
of l
egal
doc
umen
tatio
n as
requ
ired
for o
pera
tions
) z
Deve
lop
a jo
int A
U –
REC
/RM
MoU
for
the
empl
oym
ent o
f the
ASF
z
Ensu
re fu
ll en
dors
emen
t of l
egal
fram
e-w
orks
at a
ll le
vels
as re
leva
nt (A
UC,
RE
Cs/R
Ms,
Mem
ber S
tate
s) z
nsur
e se
nsiti
satio
n an
d/or
trai
ning
of
lega
l fra
mew
orks
and
arr
ange
men
ts fo
r al
l rel
evan
t per
sonn
el, i
nclu
ding
Leg
al
Offi
cers
at t
he A
U, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd e
xist
-in
g m
issio
ns
z
Revi
ew le
gal a
rran
gem
ents
for o
n-go
ing
miss
ions
with
vie
w to
alig
ning
thes
e w
ith
revi
sed
arra
ngem
ents
and
pro
cedu
res
z
Repo
rts f
rom
wor
ksho
p(s)
z
Miss
ion
man
date
s and
lega
l fra
mew
orks
(in
clud
ing
key
miss
ion
guid
ance
doc
u-m
ents
and
/or t
empl
ates
) z
Mon
itorin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
repo
rts
z
Will
of A
UC,
REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
ber
Stat
es to
dev
elop
and
abi
de b
y le
gal a
rran
ge-
men
ts a
nd p
roce
dure
s for
the
empl
oym
ent
of th
e AS
F
Out
put 1
.4
Conc
epts
of c
o-or
dina
tion
and
colla
bora
tion
clea
rly d
efin
ed
and
agre
ed
upon
by
AU,
RECs
/RM
s and
M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Exist
ence
of a
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t tha
t hi
ghlig
hts g
uidi
ng p
rinci
ples
and
exp
ect-
ed re
sults
from
coo
rdin
atin
g th
e w
ork
z
Evid
ence
that
this
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t hi
ghlig
hts a
nd c
larif
ies k
ey c
oord
inat
ion
com
pone
nts a
nd p
roce
dure
s z
Agre
emen
t bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
REC
s/RM
s to
use
this
stra
tegi
c do
cum
ent a
s a
basis
for f
utur
e de
ploy
men
t of o
pera
-tio
ns
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s on
the
defin
ition
of c
oord
inat
ion;
z
Agre
emen
t to
deve
lop
a st
rate
gy d
ocu-
men
t mak
ing
the
conc
ept o
f coo
rdin
a-tio
n op
erat
iona
l; z
Draf
ting
of th
e st
rate
gy d
ocum
ent
z
Min
utes
from
AU
-REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
-be
r Sta
tes m
eetin
gs z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
t
z
Will
of A
U, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd M
embe
r St
ates
to a
gree
on
the
conc
epts
of c
oor-
dina
tion
and
colla
bora
tion
and
ensu
re
impl
emen
tatio
n of
all
ASF
proc
esse
s fo
llow
this
conc
ept
Out
put 1
.5Ha
rmon
ized
polic
ies a
nd
stan
dard
ope
rat-
ing
proc
edur
es
betw
een
the
AU
and
the
RECs
/RM
s and
Mem
-be
r Sta
tes p
ut in
pl
ace
z
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs a
re a
ble
to w
ork
to-
geth
er in
a m
ore
pred
icta
ble
man
ner
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
ber S
tate
s on
the
type
s of
polic
ies a
nd st
anda
rd o
pera
ting
proc
e-du
res t
hat n
eed
to b
e ha
rmon
ised
z
Polic
y do
cum
ents
z
Stan
dard
Ope
ratin
g Pr
oced
ures
z
Repo
rts o
f mee
tings
z
Deci
sions
by
deci
sion-
mak
ing
orga
ns
z
Agre
emen
t by
the
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
harm
onize
thei
r pol
i-ci
es a
nd st
anda
rd o
pera
ting
proc
edur
es
that
will
faci
litat
e be
tter
coo
rdin
atio
n an
d co
oper
atio
n am
ong
them
83
84
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 1.6
Exis
tenc
e of
an
adeq
uate
mon
-ito
ring
syst
em
for f
ollo
win
g-up
on
impl
emen
-ta
tion
z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
cle
arly
hig
hlig
hts
the
diffe
rent
type
s of i
nfor
mat
ion
that
ne
ed to
be
colle
cted
, doc
umen
ted
and
anal
ysed
; z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
est
ablis
hes c
lear
re
spon
sibili
ties f
or p
erfo
rmin
g m
onito
r-in
g ta
sks;
z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
is c
lose
ly li
nked
to
man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on p
roce
sses
.
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f the
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
; z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on to
allo
cate
staf
f to
spec
ific
mon
itorin
g fu
nctio
ns;
z
Com
mon
AU
and
REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
-be
r Sta
tes m
onito
ring
miss
ions
z
Com
mon
AU
and
REC
/RM
s and
Mem
ber
Stat
es m
onito
ring
mee
tings
z
Mon
itorin
g do
cum
ent,
mon
itorin
g da
ta,
data
ana
lysis
z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on z
Min
utes
from
mon
itorin
g m
eetin
gs
z
Polit
ical
will
and
agr
eem
ent a
mon
g th
e AU
, REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
deve
lop
and
utili
se m
onito
ring
syst
em
deve
lope
d by
them
selv
es to
ach
ieve
th
e re
quire
d le
vel o
f coo
rdin
atio
n an
d co
rpor
atio
n in
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
AS
F in
itiat
ives
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 2
The
plan
ning
ele
men
ts d
o no
t hav
e su
ffici
ent c
apac
ity a
s wel
l as s
yste
ms a
nd p
roce
dure
s to
adeq
uate
ly p
lan,
dep
loy,
man
age,
sust
ain
and
liqui
date
ope
ratio
ns a
t the
scal
e an
d pa
ce w
ith w
hich
de
ploy
men
ts a
re b
eing
man
date
d.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
es 2
Th
e ca
paci
ties o
f pla
nnin
g el
emen
ts a
s wel
l as t
he re
quire
d sy
stem
s, p
roce
sses
and
pol
icie
s to
adeq
uate
ly p
lan,
dep
loy,
m
anag
e, su
stai
n an
d liq
uida
te P
SOs a
re e
nhan
ced
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
es 2
Indi
cato
rs
z
Exist
ence
of p
lann
ing
and
depl
oym
ent
guid
elin
es, p
olic
ies a
nd p
roce
dure
s al
igne
d to
cur
rent
real
ities
and
dev
elop
-m
ents
z
Evid
ence
of f
orm
al a
ppro
val o
f gui
de-
lines
, pol
icie
s and
pro
cedu
res
z
Evid
ence
that
PSO
pla
nner
s (at
the
AU
and
REC/
RM le
vels)
are
wel
l orie
nted
an
d kn
owle
dgea
ble
of th
e gu
idel
ines
, po
licie
s and
pro
cedu
res a
nd a
re a
ccor
d-in
gly
able
to a
pply
thes
e in
pla
nnin
g fo
r op
erat
ions
z
Dom
estic
atio
n of
ASF
gui
delin
es, p
olic
ies
and
proc
edur
es b
y th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms a
nd
Mem
ber S
tate
s at t
he re
gion
al a
nd
Mem
ber S
tate
s lev
els r
espe
ctiv
ely
z
Evid
ence
that
the
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs
syst
emat
ical
ly a
pply
gui
danc
e, p
olic
ies
and
proc
edur
es in
pla
nnin
g, d
eplo
ymen
t, m
anag
emen
t, su
stai
nmen
t and
liqu
ida-
tion
of P
SOs
z
Evid
ence
of t
he a
lloca
tion
of th
e re
quire
d re
sour
ces t
o th
e pl
anni
ng
elem
ents
z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
PSO
effi
cien
cy
Sour
ces o
f Ver
ifica
tion
z
Avai
labi
lity
and
utili
satio
n of
com
preh
en-
sive
polic
ies a
nd S
OPs
z
Miss
ion
plan
ning
doc
umen
ts a
nd te
m-
plat
es
z
Mon
itorin
g an
d Ev
alua
tion
repo
rts
z
Less
ons l
earn
ed a
nd b
est p
ract
ise
repo
rts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Com
mitm
ent a
nd d
esire
by
AU a
nd R
EC/
RM le
ader
ship
to lo
gica
l and
syst
emat
ic
plan
ning
, dep
loym
ent a
nd m
anag
emen
t pr
oced
ures
for P
SOs
z
Rele
vant
AU
C De
part
men
ts a
nd D
ivisi
ons
(plu
s tho
se a
t REC
s/RM
s) u
nder
stan
d th
eir r
oles
in su
ppor
ting
PSO
s and
are
w
illin
g to
supp
ort t
he c
entr
al ro
le o
f the
Pe
ace
and
Secu
rity
Depa
rtm
ent t
o en
-su
re m
ore
effe
ctiv
ely
plan
ned,
dep
loye
d,
man
aged
and
liqu
idat
ed P
SOs
z
Part
ners
(mul
tilat
eral
and
bila
tera
l) to
th
e AU
and
REC
s/RM
s des
ire to
con
tinue
co
oper
atio
n in
supp
ort o
f Afr
ican
PSO
ca
pabi
litie
s and
cap
aciti
es
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 2
.1
Polic
ies,
pro
-ce
dure
s and
ot
her g
uida
nce
for p
lann
ing,
de
ploy
men
t, m
anag
emen
t, su
sten
ance
and
liq
uida
tion
of
PSO
s ava
ilabl
e an
d ut
ilise
d by
th
e AU
z
Evid
ence
that
all
ASF
polic
y do
cum
ents
ar
e up
date
d in
ligh
t of r
ecen
t PSO
exp
e-rie
nces
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f pla
nnin
g gu
idel
ines
and
pr
oced
ures
taki
ng in
to a
ccou
nt e
xist
ing
real
ities
and
con
stra
ints
z
The
AU fo
rmal
ly e
ndor
ses p
lann
ing,
gu
idel
ines
and
diss
emin
ates
inte
rnal
ly,
ensu
ring
orie
ntat
ion
of a
ll pl
anne
rs
and
othe
r Com
miss
ion
stak
ehol
ders
as
rele
vant
(Hum
an R
esou
rces
, Fin
ance
, Pr
ocur
emen
t, Le
gal e
tc.)
z
Map
ping
of a
ll re
quire
d sy
stem
s, p
oli-
cies
, pro
cedu
res a
nd g
uida
nce
with
vie
w
to d
eter
min
ing
gaps
and
/or s
tatu
s z
Deve
lop
com
preh
ensiv
e ac
tion
plan
for
addr
essin
g ga
ps, e
nsur
ing
resp
onsib
ili-
ties a
nd ti
mef
ram
es a
re a
ssig
ned
z
Ensu
re a
ll AS
F po
licy
docu
men
ts a
re
revi
ewed
and
forw
arde
d fo
r for
mal
en
dors
emen
t z
Wor
ksho
p to
revi
ew/r
efin
e of
the
AU
Aide
Mem
oire
on
PSO
pla
nnin
g an
d de
cisio
n m
akin
g z
Subm
issio
n of
the
Aide
Mem
oire
for f
or-
mal
end
orse
men
t by
rele
vant
prin
cipl
es
z
Ensu
re a
ll pl
anne
rs a
nd A
U st
aff a
re su
f-fic
ient
ly o
rient
ed to
the
Aide
Mem
oire
an
d ab
le to
app
ly it
con
siste
ntly
z
Enco
urag
e RE
Cs/R
Ms t
o de
velo
p sim
ilar
guid
ance
whi
ch to
the
degr
ee p
ossib
le/
logi
cal a
ligns
with
AU
gui
danc
e
z
Repo
rts/
min
utes
from
con
sulta
tive
mee
tings
/wor
ksho
ps
z
Deci
sions
take
n by
the
AU a
utho
ritie
s z
Actio
n pl
ans (
that
supp
ort m
issio
n pl
anni
ng, d
eplo
ymen
t, m
anag
emen
t and
liq
uida
tion)
z
SOPs
z
AU h
as th
e re
quire
d ca
paci
ty a
nd
capa
bilit
y to
faci
litat
e de
velo
pmen
t and
ut
ilisa
tion
of th
ese
polic
ies,
pro
cedu
res
and
othe
r gui
danc
e fo
r pla
nnin
g, d
eplo
y-m
ent,
man
agem
ent a
nd li
quid
atio
n of
PS
Os
Out
put 2
.2Hu
man
reso
urce
ca
paci
ty o
f Pla
n-ni
ng e
lem
ents
ar
e en
hanc
ed
to th
e re
quire
d le
vels
z
Plan
ning
ele
men
ts h
ave
sust
aina
ble
mid
-term
hum
an re
sour
ce p
lans
and
st
rate
gies
z
Plan
ning
ele
men
ts a
re st
affe
d at
the
requ
ired
leve
ls z
Deta
iled
ToR
are
deve
lope
d fo
r all
post
s w
ithin
pla
nnin
g el
emen
t str
uctu
res
z
Skill
s ass
essm
ents
are
con
duct
ed o
n a
regu
lar b
asis,
and
hum
an re
sour
ce p
lans
ar
e ad
just
ed a
ccor
ding
ly z
Trai
ning
nee
ds a
sses
smen
ts a
re c
ondu
ct-
ed, a
nd ta
rget
ed tr
aini
ng is
pro
vide
d to
ad
dres
s tra
inin
g ne
eds
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f hum
an re
sour
ce p
lans
an
d st
rate
gies
and
app
rova
l the
reof
z
Post
and
staf
fing
asse
ssm
ent c
ondu
cted
z
Adju
stm
ent o
f ToR
for a
ll po
sts b
ased
on
outc
omes
of a
sses
smen
ts a
nd h
uman
re
sour
ce p
lans
z
Cond
uct o
f ski
lls a
sses
smen
ts z
Cond
uct o
f tra
inin
g ne
eds a
sses
smen
ts z
Recr
uitm
ent o
f per
sonn
el
z
Hum
an re
sour
ce p
lans
and
stra
tegi
es z
Repo
rts o
f pos
t and
staf
fing
asse
ssm
ents
z
ToR
z
Repo
rts o
f ski
lls a
sses
smen
ts z
Repo
rts o
f tra
inin
g ne
eds a
sses
smen
ts z
Recr
uitm
ent s
tatis
tics
z
Polit
ical
will
to st
reng
then
the
plan
ning
el
emen
ts a
t the
AU
Com
miss
ion
and
the
RECs
/RM
s z
Abili
ty o
f the
AU
Com
miss
ion
and
RECs
/RM
s to
recr
uit p
erso
nnel
in a
tim
ely
man
ner
z
Abili
ty to
att
ract
and
reta
in tr
aine
d an
d sk
illed
per
sonn
el w
ithin
the
plan
ning
el
emen
ts
Out
put 2
.3Sy
stem
s and
pr
oced
ures
for
the
plan
ning
of
oper
atio
ns a
re
deve
lope
d an
d in
stitu
tiona
lised
z
Deta
iled
guid
ance
for t
he p
lann
ing
of
oper
atio
ns is
in p
lace
z
Staf
f in
the
plan
ning
ele
men
ts u
tilise
and
ad
here
to th
e pl
anni
ng g
uida
nce
z
The
nece
ssar
y sy
stem
s and
pro
cedu
res
to su
ppor
t the
pla
nnin
g pr
oces
ses a
re
in p
lace
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f pla
nnin
g gu
idan
ce z
Dial
ogue
foru
ms o
n th
e pl
anni
ng g
uid-
ance
z
Appr
oval
of t
he p
lann
ing
guid
ance
at t
he
requ
ired
leve
ls z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f the
nec
essa
ry sy
stem
s an
d pr
oced
ures
that
und
erpi
n th
e pl
an-
ning
pro
cess
z
Trai
ning
of p
lann
ing
pers
onne
l to
enab
le
them
to p
lan
oper
atio
ns a
s per
the
guid
ance
z
Plan
ning
gui
danc
e z
Repo
rts o
f mee
tings
z
Docu
men
ted
syst
ems a
nd p
roce
dure
s z
Repo
rts o
f tra
inin
g an
d w
orks
hops
z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
ons
z
Polit
ical
will
to d
evel
op a
stru
ctur
ed
appr
oach
to th
e pl
anni
ng o
f ope
ratio
ns z
Polit
ical
will
to in
stitu
tiona
lise
plan
ning
sy
stem
s and
pro
cedu
res
z
Abili
ty to
cle
arly
out
line
role
s and
re-
spon
sibili
ties i
n th
e pl
anni
ng p
roce
sses
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 2
Results Framework Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
85
86
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 2.4
Syst
ems a
nd
proc
edur
es
for t
he m
an-
agem
ent o
f op
erat
ions
are
de
velo
ped
and
inst
itutio
nalis
ed
z
Deta
iled
guid
ance
for t
he m
anag
emen
t of
ope
ratio
ns is
in p
lace
z
Staf
f in
the
plan
ning
ele
men
ts u
tilise
and
ad
here
to th
e m
anag
emen
t gui
danc
e z
The
nece
ssar
y sy
stem
s and
pro
cedu
res
to su
ppor
t the
man
agem
ent p
roce
sses
ar
e in
pla
ce
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f man
agem
ent g
uida
nce
z
Dial
ogue
foru
ms o
n th
e m
anag
emen
t gu
idan
ce z
Appr
oval
of t
he m
anag
emen
t gui
danc
e at
the
requ
ired
leve
ls z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f the
nec
essa
ry sy
stem
s an
d pr
oced
ures
that
und
erpi
n th
e m
an-
agem
ent p
roce
ss z
Trai
ning
of p
lann
ing
pers
onne
l to
enab
le
them
to m
anag
e op
erat
ions
as p
er th
e gu
idan
ce
z
Man
agem
ent g
uida
nce
z
Repo
rts o
f mee
tings
z
Docu
men
ted
syst
ems a
nd p
roce
dure
s z
Repo
rts o
f tra
inin
g an
d w
orks
hops
z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
ons
z
Polit
ical
will
to d
evel
op a
stru
ctur
ed
appr
oach
to th
e m
anag
emen
t of o
per-
atio
ns z
Polit
ical
will
to in
stitu
tiona
lise
man
-ag
emen
t sys
tem
s and
pro
cedu
res a
nd
will
ingn
ess o
f oth
er re
leva
nt d
epar
t-m
ents
to c
ontr
ibut
e to
thes
e pr
oces
ses
as re
quire
d z
Abili
ty to
cle
arly
out
line
role
s and
re
spon
sibili
ties i
n th
e m
anag
emen
t pr
oces
ses
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 3
Cr
itica
l miss
ion
supp
ort s
yste
ms a
nd m
echa
nism
s for
acc
essin
g an
d ac
tivat
ing
stra
tegi
c lif
t and
faci
litat
ing
the
Com
man
d, C
ontr
ol, C
omm
unic
atio
n an
d In
form
atio
n Sy
stem
s (C3
IS) a
s wel
l as r
obus
t ad
min
istra
tive
and
logi
stic
s pol
icie
s and
pro
cess
es a
re n
ot in
pla
ce, c
onst
rain
ing
the
abili
ty to
dep
loy
pers
onne
l and
ass
ets i
nto
miss
ion
area
s and
faci
litat
e m
anag
emen
t as r
equi
red.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
es 3
Cr
itica
l mis
sion
supp
ort s
yste
ms a
nd m
echa
nism
s as w
ell a
s ro
bust
adm
inis
trat
ive
and
logi
stic
s pol
icie
s and
pro
cess
es fo
r de
ploy
men
t, m
anag
emen
t, su
sten
ance
and
liqu
idat
ion
of
oper
atio
ns a
re e
stab
lishe
d
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
es 3
Indi
cato
rs
z
Esta
blish
men
t and
ope
ratio
naliz
atio
n of
the
ASF
Cont
inen
tal L
ogist
ics B
ase
to
faci
litat
e m
issio
n st
art-u
p z
Esta
blish
men
t of a
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s ad
min
istra
tive
and
logi
stic
s sup
port
sy
stem
, mec
hani
sm, p
roce
ss a
nd fr
ame-
wor
k fo
r ASF
ope
ratio
ns z
Exist
ence
of f
orm
al a
gree
men
ts b
etw
een
AU a
nd it
s par
tner
s on
adm
inist
rativ
e an
d lo
gist
ics s
uppo
rt m
echa
nism
s for
AU
PSO
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
ass
essm
ents
bet
wee
n th
e AU
, REC
s/RM
s and
oth
er p
artn
ers o
n st
rate
gic
lift c
apab
ilitie
s on
the
cont
i-ne
nt, i
nclu
ding
con
tinen
tal m
ovem
ent
coor
dina
tion
and
faci
litat
ion
z
Exist
ence
of f
orm
al a
gree
men
ts c
oncl
ud-
ed b
etw
een
AU a
nd it
s par
tner
s on
sup-
port
for A
U P
SO st
rate
gic
lift c
apab
ilitie
s an
d co
ntin
enta
l mov
emen
t coo
rdin
atio
n an
d fa
cilit
atio
n z
Exist
ence
of f
orm
al a
gree
men
ts c
on-
clud
ed b
etw
een
AU a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes
stra
tegi
c lif
t cap
abili
ties o
n su
ppor
t for
AU
PSO
z
Esta
blish
men
t and
ope
ratio
nalis
atio
n of
th
e AS
F Co
ntin
enta
l C3I
S ar
chite
ctur
e an
d sy
stem
z
Esta
blish
men
t and
ope
ratio
nalis
atio
n of
the
ASF
Cont
inen
tal a
nd R
egio
nal
Mov
emen
t Con
trol
Cen
tres
(CM
CC) a
nd
(RM
CC) r
espe
ctiv
ely
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Stat
us R
epor
t on
the
esta
blish
men
t of
the
Cont
inen
tal L
ogist
ics B
ase
(CLB
) and
av
aila
ble
stra
tegi
c st
ocks
for m
issio
n st
art-u
p z
Stat
us R
epor
t on
the
esta
blish
men
t and
op
erat
iona
lisat
ion
of th
e C3
IS a
rchi
tec-
ture
, CM
CC a
nd R
MCC
z
Fram
ewor
k ag
reem
ents
bet
wee
n AU
(R
ECs/
RMs)
and
Mem
ber S
tate
s on
the
prov
ision
of s
trat
egic
lift
for A
U P
SOs
z
Part
ners
hip,
fram
ewor
k ag
reem
ents
and
Le
tter
s of e
xcha
nge
by A
U a
nd p
artn
ers
z
ecisi
ons b
y au
thor
ities
in A
U a
nd p
artn
er
orga
nisa
tions
/bila
tera
l don
ors
z
Repo
rts a
nd/o
r min
utes
of m
eetin
gs
z
Repo
rts o
f ass
essm
ent v
isits
z
Pres
s rel
ease
s
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l sta
keho
lder
s to
es-
tabl
ish, s
tock
and
ope
ratio
naliz
e th
e CL
B z
Afric
an M
embe
r Sta
tes a
re c
omm
itted
to
findi
ng w
ays t
o ad
dres
s crit
ical
cha
lleng
-es
as p
erta
in to
stra
tegi
c lif
t cap
abili
ties,
CM
CC, R
MCC
, C3I
S fo
r PSO
s z
Part
ners
for A
fric
an P
SOs a
re c
omm
itted
an
d w
illin
g to
con
tinue
wor
king
with
AU
and
REC
s/RM
s to
addr
ess c
ritic
al
chal
leng
es a
s per
tain
to st
rate
gic
lift
capa
bilit
ies f
or P
SOs
87
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 2
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 3
.1
The
AU h
as a
ro
bust
stra
tegi
c lif
t con
cept
for
PSO
s
z
Exist
ence
of f
orm
al a
gree
men
ts c
oncl
ud-
ed b
etw
een
AU a
nd it
s Mem
ber S
tate
s an
d pa
rtne
rs o
n su
ppor
t to
the
prov
ision
of
stra
tegi
c lif
t, an
d CM
CC/R
MCC
, for
AU
PS
Os
z
Exist
ence
of a
gree
men
ts w
ith p
rivat
e co
ntra
ctor
s for
ASF
stra
tegi
c lif
t cap
abil-
ities
z
Cond
uct a
sses
smen
t of s
trat
egic
lift
and
CM
CC/R
MCC
infr
astr
uctu
re a
nd c
apab
ili-
ties a
t con
tinen
tal a
nd re
gion
al le
vels
z
AU, R
EC/R
M W
orks
hop
to re
view
an
d fin
alise
ASF
stra
tegi
c lif
t con
cept
(c
onsid
erin
g es
peci
ally
pos
sibili
ty fo
r pr
e-ap
prov
ed c
ontr
acts
for s
trat
egic
lift
ca
pabi
litie
s)
z
Deve
lop
actio
n pl
an fo
r str
ateg
ic li
ft, a
nd
CMCC
/RM
CC fo
r AU
PSO
s z
Subm
it fin
alise
d co
ncep
t and
impl
emen
-ta
tion
plan
for c
onsid
erat
ion
and
form
al
endo
rsem
ent b
y po
litic
al p
rinci
ples
z
Esta
blish
the
CMCC
and
the
RMCC
s in
line
with
the
Afric
an S
tand
by F
orce
Str
a-te
gic
Lift
Cap
abili
ty C
once
pt
z
Cons
ulta
tions
with
par
tner
s suc
h as
the
UN
on
stra
tegi
c lif
t sup
port
z
Build
HR
trai
ned
capa
city
to m
anag
e th
e CM
CC a
nd th
e RM
CCs
z
Part
ners
hip
agre
emen
ts
z
Lett
ers o
f exc
hang
e by
AU
and
par
tner
s z
Deci
sions
by
auth
oriti
es in
AU
and
par
t-ne
r org
anisa
tions
/bila
tera
l don
ors
z
Repo
rts a
nd/o
r min
utes
of m
eetin
gs
z
Repo
rts o
f ass
essm
ents
z
Pres
s rel
ease
s
z
Will
of A
U M
embe
r Sta
tes t
o of
fer a
nd
agre
e w
ith th
e AU
on
mod
aliti
es fo
r the
pr
ovisi
on o
f sup
port
for s
trat
egic
lift
ca
pabi
lity,
and
CMCC
/RM
CC, f
or P
SOs
z
Will
of p
artn
ers t
o au
gmen
t, if
requ
ired,
th
e su
ppor
t of A
U M
embe
r Sta
tes f
or
the
prov
ision
of s
uppo
rt fo
r str
ateg
ic
lift c
apab
ility
, and
CM
CC/R
MCC
, for
AU
PS
Os o
r PSO
s
Out
put 3
.2A
suff
icie
nt-
ly fu
nctio
nal
cont
inen
tal C
3IS
syst
em fo
r the
pu
rpos
es o
f Af-
rican
pea
ce su
p-po
rt o
pera
tions
es
tabl
ishe
d
z
Evid
ence
that
the
AU h
as in
pla
ce a
ro
bust
and
effe
ctiv
e C3
IS a
rchi
tect
ure
for
its P
SOs
z
Exist
ence
of C
IS c
onne
ctiv
ity a
nd C
2 ca
pabi
lity
betw
een
the
stra
tegi
c HQ
in
Addi
s and
the
RECs
/RM
s PLA
NEL
Ms a
nd
PSO
s z
Exist
ence
of r
elia
ble
expe
rtise
, fun
ding
an
d ot
her r
esou
rces
for t
he o
ptim
um
func
tioni
ng o
f the
C3I
S sy
stem
z
Exist
ence
of g
uide
lines
and
SO
Ps to
sup-
port
man
agem
ent o
f C3I
S ca
pabi
litie
s z
Exist
ence
of t
rain
ed a
nd h
ighl
y co
mpe
-te
nt e
xper
t per
sonn
el fo
r the
man
age-
men
t of r
outin
e an
d op
erat
iona
l tas
ks
and
activ
ities
of t
he C
3IS
infr
astr
uctu
re
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f a d
etai
led
stra
tegy
for
enha
nced
and
effe
ctiv
e ca
pabi
litie
s for
in
form
atio
n sh
arin
g an
d co
mm
and
and
cont
rol o
f its
PSO
s z
Revi
ew le
sson
s and
exp
erie
nces
on
C3IS
in
pas
t and
ong
oing
PSO
s z
Und
erta
ke re
view
of t
he c
ontin
enta
l C3I
S ar
chite
ctur
e st
rate
gy
z
Deve
lop
of p
olic
ies,
SO
Ps a
nd g
uide
lines
fo
r int
erop
erab
ility
z
Wor
ksho
p (A
U, R
ECs/
RMs,
and
par
tner
s as
rele
vant
) to
revi
ew a
nd v
alid
ate
the
stra
tegy
z
Deve
lop
a tr
aini
ng (e
xerc
ise) p
lan
and
sche
dule
for t
estin
g an
d va
lidat
ing
C3IS
ca
pabi
litie
s for
PSO
s z
Faci
litat
e tr
aini
ng o
f hig
hly
com
pete
nt
expe
rt p
erso
nnel
for t
he m
anag
emen
t of
rout
ine
and
oper
atio
nal t
asks
and
ac
tiviti
es o
f the
C3I
S in
fras
truc
ture
z
Verif
icat
ion
of th
e C3
IS in
fras
truc
ture
z
Verif
icat
ion
Repo
rt o
f the
AU
C3I
S in
fra-
stru
ctur
e z
Repo
rts o
f tec
hnic
al a
sses
smen
ts, w
ork-
shop
s z
Deci
sions
by
AU, R
EC/R
M, M
embe
r Sta
te
auth
oriti
es
z
Agre
emen
ts w
ith p
artn
ers
z
Pres
s rel
ease
s
z
Afric
an M
embe
r Sta
tes a
re c
omm
itted
to
findi
ng w
ays t
o ad
dres
sing
criti
cal c
hal-
leng
es a
s it p
erta
in to
C3I
S fo
r PSO
s z
Part
ners
for A
fric
an P
SOs a
re c
omm
itted
an
d w
illin
g to
con
tinue
wor
king
with
Af
rican
org
anisa
tions
to a
ddre
ss c
ritic
al
chal
leng
es a
s rel
ated
to C
3IS
z
High
deg
ree
of c
oope
ratio
n be
twee
n AU
an
d th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms
Results Framework Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
88
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 3.3
The
CLB
is
esta
blis
hed
and
oper
atio
naliz
ed
and
exis
tenc
e of
su
ffic
ient
leve
l of
fiel
d su
ppor
t m
echa
nism
s to
supp
ort i
ts
oper
atio
ns
z
Esta
blish
men
t and
ope
ratio
naliz
atio
n of
the
ASF
Cont
inen
tal L
ogist
ics B
ase
to
faci
litat
e m
issio
n st
art-u
p z
Exist
ence
of s
uffic
ient
infr
astr
uctu
re,
equi
pmen
t, hu
man
cap
acity
and
oth
er
inte
gral
reso
urce
s to
ensu
re e
ffect
ive-
ness
and
effi
cien
cy in
its m
anag
emen
t of
PSO
s z
Evid
ence
that
whe
re A
U w
ill c
ontin
ue to
re
ly o
n ex
tern
al su
ppor
t, it
has t
he a
bilit
y an
d ca
paci
ty to
effe
ctiv
ely
man
age
and
repo
rt o
n th
at su
ppor
t z
Exist
ence
of l
ist o
f req
uire
d st
ocks
and
eq
uipm
ent a
nd d
eter
min
atio
n on
whi
ch
are
requ
ired
in st
rate
gic
rese
rve,
and
w
hich
will
be
sour
ced
via
pre-
appr
oved
co
ntra
ctin
g ar
rang
emen
ts
z
Und
erta
ke a
com
preh
ensiv
e te
chni
cal
asse
ssm
ent o
f log
istic
s cap
abili
ties o
f RE
Cs/R
Ms a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes (
with
vi
ew a
lso o
f ide
ntify
ing
pote
ntia
l reg
ion-
al m
ount
ing
base
s) z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f gen
eric
Tab
les o
f Equ
ip-
men
t for
AU
PSO
s acr
oss a
ll co
mpo
nent
s (m
ilita
ry, p
olic
e an
d ci
vilia
n) z
Faci
litat
e AU
C-w
ide
wor
ksho
p on
key
m
issio
n su
ppor
t les
sons
lear
ned
in A
U
oper
atio
ns
z
Faci
litat
e W
orks
hop
of th
e AU
and
REC
s/RM
s to
revi
ew th
e lo
gist
ics d
epot
con
-ce
pt o
f the
ASF
for b
oth
the
cont
inen
tal
and
regi
onal
leve
ls z
Revi
sion
of A
SF m
issio
n su
ppor
t str
ateg
y (in
clud
ing
ASF
supp
ort m
anua
l and
ASF
lo
gist
ics c
once
pt) e
nsur
ing
it is
fully
in-
tegr
ated
; and
that
it p
resc
ribes
fina
ncia
l, ad
min
istra
tive,
pro
cure
men
t, hu
man
re
sour
ce, e
ngin
eerin
g, c
omm
unic
atio
ns
and
othe
r str
uctu
res,
pro
cess
es a
nd
proc
edur
es a
s rel
evan
t for
the
uniq
ue
need
s of P
SOs
z
Subm
issio
n of
revi
sed
Miss
ion
Supp
ort
conc
ept f
or fo
rmal
end
orse
men
t by
AU,
REC/
RM a
nd M
embe
r Sta
te A
utho
ritie
s z
Faci
litat
ion
of p
re-a
ppro
ved
cont
ract
s (fo
r cer
tain
serv
ices
and
equ
ipm
ent)
, pa
rtic
ular
ly fo
r miss
ion
star
t-ups
z
Stat
us R
epor
t on
the
esta
blish
men
t of
the
CLB
and
avai
labl
e st
ocks
for m
issio
n st
art-u
p z
Avai
labi
lity
of G
ener
ic T
able
s of E
quip
-m
ent f
or A
U P
SOs a
cros
s all
com
pone
nts
(mili
tary
, pol
ice
and
civi
lian)
z
Revi
sed
Miss
ion
Supp
ort c
once
pt fo
r im
plem
enta
tion
in A
U P
SOs
z
Pre-
appr
oved
con
trac
ts (f
or c
erta
in
serv
ices
and
equ
ipm
ent)
, par
ticul
arly
for
Miss
ion
Star
t-ups
z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l sta
keho
lder
s to
es-
tabl
ish, s
tock
and
ope
ratio
naliz
e th
e CL
B z
Repo
rts a
nd/o
r min
utes
of w
orks
hops
an
d m
eetin
gs
z
Deci
sions
by
polit
ical
aut
horit
ies (
AU/
REC/
RM/M
embe
r Sta
tes)
z
Will
by
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd M
embe
r St
ates
to a
ppro
ve th
e fa
cilit
atio
n of
pr
e-ap
prov
ed c
ontr
acts
(for
cer
tain
se
rvic
es a
nd e
quip
men
t)
Out
put 3
.4
The
AU h
as
enha
nced
co
oper
atio
n w
ith p
artn
ers o
n pr
edic
tabl
e an
d fle
xibl
e su
ppor
t fo
r the
ASF
z
Exist
ence
of f
orm
al a
gree
men
ts c
on-
clud
ed b
etw
een
AU a
nd it
s par
tner
s on
supp
ort t
he A
SF z
Evid
ence
of c
oord
inat
ed m
issio
n su
ppor
t re
quire
men
ts b
etw
een
the
AU a
nd m
ulti-
late
ral/b
ilate
ral p
artn
ers
z
Cond
uct j
oint
ass
essm
ents
with
the
AU
to a
sses
s PSO
requ
irem
ents
z
Cons
ulta
tions
with
UN
to a
gree
on
and
deve
lop
MoU
on
use
of E
nteb
be lo
gist
ics
depo
t for
ess
entia
l equ
ipm
ent a
nd
stoc
ks e
tc. f
or th
e AS
F an
d es
peci
ally
for
miss
ion
star
t up
purp
oses
z
Mee
tings
and
form
al a
gree
men
ts w
ith
othe
r cor
e de
velo
pmen
tal p
artn
ers t
o di
scus
s ASF
miss
ion
supp
ort a
nd lo
gist
ics
appr
oach
and
are
as fo
r sup
port
z
Part
ners
hip
agre
emen
ts
z
Lett
ers o
f exc
hang
e by
AU
and
par
tner
s z
Deci
sions
by
auth
oriti
es in
AU
and
par
t-ne
r org
anisa
tions
/bila
tera
l don
ors
z
Repo
rts a
nd/o
r min
utes
of m
eetin
gs
z
Pres
s rel
ease
s
z
Will
ingn
ess o
f par
tner
s to
corp
orat
e w
ith
the
AU z
Deci
sions
by
the
polic
y or
gans
or
deci
sion-
mak
ing
bodi
es o
f par
tner
s to
prov
ide
the
requ
ired
supp
ort n
eede
d by
th
e AU
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 4
Unc
erta
inty
abo
ut th
e pr
edic
tabi
lity
of th
e pl
edge
s mad
e by
Mem
ber S
tate
s for
mili
tary
and
pol
ice
pers
onne
l as w
ell a
s coo
pera
tion
in p
opul
atin
g th
e AS
C Ro
ster
with
the
requ
ired
civi
lian
pers
on-
nel,
incl
udin
g th
e ch
alle
nge
to v
erify
and
adj
ust t
rain
ing
of th
ese
capa
bilit
ies t
o be
tter
mee
t ope
ratio
nal r
equi
rem
ents
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 4:
To e
nsur
e th
e ef
ficie
ncy
of th
e AS
F hu
man
reso
urce
man
age-
men
t
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 4
Indi
cato
rs z
Exist
ence
of h
arm
onise
d tr
aini
ng st
and-
ards
and
dire
ctiv
es z
Exist
ence
of t
rain
ing
eval
uatio
n, a
sses
s-m
ent,
cert
ifica
tion,
ver
ifica
tion
syst
ems
z
Evid
ence
of a
dequ
ate
capa
city
by
trai
n-in
g ce
ntre
s and
inst
itutio
ns to
supp
ort
AU in
faci
litat
ing
requ
ired
and
targ
eted
tr
aini
ng p
roce
sses
usin
g AU
har
mon
ised
trai
ning
stan
dard
s in
line
with
Ann
ual
ASF
Trai
ning
dire
ctiv
es z
Cont
inua
tion
of th
e Tr
aini
ng C
entr
es
Prog
ram
me
to fa
cilit
ate
supp
ort t
o tr
ain-
ing
inst
itutio
ns to
del
iver
and
con
duct
tr
aini
ng fo
r the
AU
and
ASF
z
Evid
ence
that
the
ASF
has s
uffic
ient
ly
qual
ified
and
skill
ed c
apac
ities
and
ca
pabi
litie
s (m
ilita
ry, p
olic
e an
d ci
vilia
n)
pled
ged/
on st
andb
y an
d on
the
ASC
Rost
er z
Evid
ence
of t
he p
rom
otio
n an
d ut
ilisa
-tio
n of
the
ASC
rost
er a
s a re
crui
tmen
t to
ol a
nd a
ppro
ved
hum
an re
sour
ce p
oli-
cy fr
amew
orks
and
fiel
d op
erat
ions
pro
-ce
dure
s tha
t fac
ilita
te ra
pid
depl
oym
ent
and
man
agem
ent o
f fie
ld p
erso
nnel
z
Evid
ence
and
util
isatio
n of
ade
quat
e (c
i-vi
lian)
recr
uitm
ent/
depl
oym
ent p
olic
ies
and
proc
esse
s for
fiel
d m
issio
ns z
Evid
ence
of t
rain
ing
and
rost
erin
g lin
kage
s to
faci
litat
e ra
pid
depl
oym
ent o
f qu
alifi
ed, e
xper
ienc
ed a
nd w
ell-t
rain
ed
pers
onne
l ple
dged
for A
SF o
pera
tions
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Trai
ning
Dire
ctiv
es a
nd st
anda
rds
z
Repo
rts o
f mee
tings
z
Trai
ning
cer
tific
atio
n st
rate
gy z
Mon
itorin
g re
port
s z
Trai
ning
stat
istic
s z
Trai
ning
ver
ifica
tion
syst
em z
Repo
rts f
rom
sim
ulat
ion
and
verif
icat
ion
exer
cise
s z
Rost
er st
atist
ics
z
Repo
rts o
f exe
rcise
s z
Recr
uitm
ent s
tatis
tics a
nd a
naly
sis z
Repo
rts o
f rec
ruitm
ent a
fter a
ctio
n re
view
s
Assu
mpt
ions
z
High
deg
ree
of c
oope
ratio
n be
twee
n AU
Co
mm
issio
n, R
ECs/
RMs,
Mem
ber S
tate
s,
trai
ning
cen
tres
and
trai
ning
pro
vide
rs
can
be a
ttai
ned
z
Will
by
trai
ning
stak
ehol
ders
to a
dher
e to
trai
ning
cer
tific
atio
n z
Will
by
trai
ning
stak
ehol
ders
to su
ppor
t tr
aini
ng v
erifi
catio
n z
ASC
Rost
er is
fully
ow
ned
and
deem
ed
usef
ul b
y th
e AU
Com
miss
ion
and
RECs
/RM
s z
Rost
erin
g sy
stem
s and
pro
cedu
res a
re
impl
emen
ted
and
utili
sed
z
Suffi
cien
t hum
an re
sour
ces a
t the
re
quire
d po
ints
with
in th
e Ro
ster
syst
em
to e
nabl
e it
to fu
nctio
n ap
prop
riate
ly
89
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 2
Results Framework Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
90
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
tsO
utpu
ts In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctiv
ities
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
Assu
mpt
ions
Out
put 4
.1
Trai
ning
dire
c-tiv
es, s
tand
ards
an
d re
quire
-m
ents
whi
ch
mee
t ope
ratio
n-al
requ
irem
ents
ar
e de
velo
ped
by th
e AU
z
Issu
ance
of T
rain
ing
Dire
ctiv
es a
nd
exist
ence
of t
rain
ing
stan
dard
s tha
t are
al
igne
d to
ope
ratio
nal r
equi
rem
ents
z
Evid
ence
that
thes
e st
anda
rds a
re re
gu-
larly
revi
ewed
, adj
uste
d an
d di
ssem
inat
-ed
to re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs z
Agre
emen
t bet
wee
n AU
, REC
s/RM
s,
trai
ning
cen
tres
, tra
inin
g pr
ovid
ers a
nd
part
ners
on
thei
r rol
es in
line
with
thei
r le
vels
of re
spon
sibili
ties a
s per
the
cont
i-ne
ntal
trai
ning
arc
hite
ctur
e z
Exist
ence
of a
syst
em fo
r tra
inin
g ev
al-
uatio
n, a
sses
smen
t, ce
rtifi
catio
n an
d ve
rific
atio
n z
Evid
ence
that
trai
ning
nee
ds a
nd
requ
irem
ents
are
regu
larly
revi
ewed
as
agai
nst e
xper
ienc
es a
nd le
sson
s z
Cont
inua
tion
of th
e Tr
aini
ng C
entr
es
Prog
ram
me
to fa
cilit
ate
supp
ort t
o tr
ain-
ing
inst
itutio
ns to
del
iver
and
con
duct
tr
aini
ng fo
r the
AU
and
ASF
z
Draf
ting
of tr
aini
ng st
anda
rds b
ased
on
less
ons l
earn
ed fr
om c
urre
nt o
pera
tions
z
Dial
ogue
foru
ms o
n tr
aini
ng st
anda
rds
with
stak
ehol
ders
z
Supp
ort t
o tr
aini
ng c
entr
es to
ena
ble
them
faci
litat
e AS
F tr
aini
ng in
line
with
AU
stra
tegi
c di
rect
ion
and
guid
ance
z
Deve
lop
trai
ning
mod
ule
with
supp
ort
from
Afr
ican
trai
ning
pro
vide
rs a
nd o
ther
ex
pert
s as r
elev
ant
z
Cond
uct t
rain
ing
for a
ll re
leva
nt st
ake-
hold
ers a
t the
AU,
REC
s/RM
s and
fiel
d op
erat
ions
z
Trai
ning
dire
ctiv
es a
nd st
anda
rds
z
Repo
rts o
f mee
tings
z
Real
ignm
ent o
f the
trai
ning
cen
tres
pr
ogra
mm
e to
mee
t spe
cific
trai
ning
re
quire
men
ts
z
Abili
ty to
tran
slate
ope
ratio
nal l
esso
ns
lear
ned
into
trai
ning
gui
danc
e w
hich
is
suite
d to
ope
ratio
nal r
equi
rem
ents
z
Abili
ty to
tran
slate
trai
ning
gui
danc
e in
to
trai
ning
out
puts
at a
rapi
d pa
ce z
Buy-
in to
, and
ow
ners
hip
of, t
rain
ing
stan
dard
s by
all s
take
hold
ers
z
Will
and
ava
ilabl
e fu
ndin
g fo
r the
co
ntin
uatio
n of
the
Trai
ning
Cen
tres
Pr
ogra
mm
e to
supp
ort T
rain
ing
Cen-
tres
in fa
cilit
atin
g AU
spec
ific
trai
ning
pr
ogra
mm
es
Out
put 4
.2Th
e AU
has
de
velo
ped
a tr
aini
ng c
ertif
ica-
tion
syst
em
z
Exist
ence
of a
trai
ning
cer
tific
atio
n sy
stem
z
Acce
ptan
ce o
f, an
d bu
y-in
to, t
he tr
ain-
ing
cert
ifica
tion
syst
em z
Adhe
renc
e to
the
trai
ning
cer
tific
atio
n sy
stem
z
Acce
ssib
le c
ertif
ied
trai
ning
stat
istic
s on
a re
gula
rly u
pdat
ed b
asis
z
Desig
n an
d de
velo
pmen
t of a
trai
ning
ce
rtifi
catio
n sy
stem
z
Dial
ogue
foru
m w
ith st
akeh
olde
rs o
n de
velo
pmen
t of t
he c
ertif
icat
ion
syst
em z
Roll-
out o
f tra
inin
g ce
rtifi
catio
n sy
stem
z
Mon
itorin
g of
, and
repo
rtin
g on
, com
pli-
ance
with
cer
tific
atio
n sy
stem
z
Gath
erin
g, c
ompi
ling,
ana
lysin
g an
d di
ssem
inat
ing
trai
ning
stat
istic
s
z
Trai
ning
cer
tific
atio
n st
rate
gy z
Repo
rts o
f mee
tings
z
Mon
itorin
g re
port
s z
Trai
ning
stat
istic
s
z
Will
by
all s
take
hold
ers t
o pa
rtic
ipat
e in
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f, an
d be
hel
d ac
coun
tabl
e to
, a tr
aini
ng c
ertif
icat
ion
syst
em z
Suita
bilit
y of
the
syst
em, a
nd th
e ab
ility
to
impl
emen
t it a
t the
requ
ired
leve
ls
Out
put 4
.3Th
e AU
has
de
velo
ped
a tr
aini
ng v
erifi
ca-
tion
syst
em
z
Exist
ence
of a
trai
ning
ver
ifica
tion
syst
em z
Acce
ptan
ce o
f, an
d bu
y-in
to, t
he tr
ain-
ing
verif
icat
ion
syst
em z
Cond
uct o
f tra
inin
g ve
rific
atio
n ex
erci
s-es
/act
iviti
es o
n a
regu
lar b
asis
z
Desig
n an
d de
velo
pmen
t of a
trai
ning
ve
rific
atio
n sy
stem
z
Dial
ogue
foru
m w
ith st
akeh
olde
rs o
n de
velo
pmen
t of t
he v
erifi
catio
n sy
stem
z
Cond
uct o
f tra
inin
g ve
rific
atio
n ex
erci
ses
z
Trai
ning
ver
ifica
tion
syst
em z
Repo
rts o
f mee
tings
z
Repo
rts f
rom
ver
ifica
tion
exer
cise
s
z
Will
by
all s
take
hold
ers t
o pa
rtic
ipat
e in
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f, an
d be
hel
d ac
coun
tabl
e to
, a tr
aini
ng v
erifi
catio
n sy
stem
z
Suita
bilit
y of
the
syst
em, a
nd th
e ab
ility
to
impl
emen
t it a
t the
requ
ired
leve
ls z
Abili
ty to
und
erta
ke v
erifi
catio
n ex
erci
ses
91
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 2
Results Framework Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
Out
put 4
.4Th
e AS
C Ro
ster
is
pop
ulat
ed
with
can
dida
tes
as p
er th
e re
-qu
ired
stan
dard
s co
ntai
ned
in
the
Sele
ctio
n G
uide
lines
M
anua
l and
ot
her s
imila
r/re
leva
nt p
olic
y do
cum
ents
z
Popu
latio
n of
the
data
base
with
suita
ble
cand
idat
es z
Adhe
renc
e to
the
sele
ctio
n st
anda
rds
and
crite
ria z
Avai
labi
lity
of a
pro
port
ion
of th
e ca
ndi-
date
s for
dep
loym
ent i
f req
uire
d z
Trai
ning
and
skill
s enh
ance
men
t pro
cess
-es
faci
litat
ed to
pre
pare
per
sonn
el fo
r ra
pid
depl
oym
ent
z
Awar
enes
s-ra
ising
by
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd
Mem
ber S
tate
s of t
he A
SC R
oste
r z
Rost
er re
crui
tmen
t driv
es z
Cond
uct o
f ass
essm
ents
of m
embe
rs o
f th
e ro
ster
to se
t sta
ndar
ds z
Recr
uitm
ent s
imul
atio
n ex
erci
ses
z
Cond
uct o
f tra
inin
g co
urse
s on
the
AU
PSO
cou
rse
cate
gorie
s to
faci
litat
e sk
ills
enha
ncem
ent o
f ASC
per
sonn
el
z
Repo
rts o
f mee
tings
z
Repo
rts o
f ass
essm
ents
z
Rost
er st
atist
ics
z
Repo
rts o
f sim
ulat
ion
exer
cise
s z
Repo
rts o
n le
vel o
f ade
quac
y of
trai
ning
an
d sk
ills e
nhan
cem
ent p
rogr
amm
es
z
Suffi
cien
t num
ber o
f can
dida
tes a
re
inte
rest
ed in
bec
omin
g m
embe
rs o
f the
ro
ster
, and
app
ly z
Appl
icat
ion
proc
edur
es a
re tr
ansp
aren
t an
d op
en to
thos
e w
ho a
re in
tere
sted
z
The
rost
er d
atab
ase
whi
ch u
nder
pins
the
syst
em w
orks
to th
e de
gree
requ
ired
z
Scre
enin
g an
d se
lect
ion
stan
dard
s are
im
plem
ente
d z
Trai
ning
and
skill
s enh
ance
men
t pro
-gr
amm
es a
re ta
rget
ed a
t ASC
per
sonn
el
acco
rdin
g to
thei
r are
as o
f exp
ertis
e an
d ex
pect
ed d
eplo
ymen
t rol
es a
nd re
spon
-sib
ilitie
s
Out
put 4
.5Th
e AS
C Ro
ster
is
util
ised
as t
he
recr
uitm
ent t
ool
for d
eplo
ymen
ts
into
fiel
d op
er-
atio
ns
z
Coop
erat
ion
betw
een
user
dep
artm
ents
an
d HR
dep
artm
ents
on
recr
uitm
ent f
or
oper
atio
ns z
Util
isatio
n of
ASC
Ros
ter p
roce
dure
s for
re
crui
tmen
t for
ope
ratio
ns z
A pr
e-de
term
ined
per
cent
age
of p
erso
n-ne
l are
recr
uite
d fr
om th
e ro
ster
z
Dial
ogue
foru
ms w
ithin
AU
and
REC
s/RM
s bet
wee
n re
leva
nt d
epar
tmen
ts o
n re
crui
tmen
t for
fiel
d op
erat
ions
z
Util
isatio
n of
rost
er sy
stem
s and
pro
ce-
dure
s for
full
recr
uitm
ent c
ycle
z
Asse
ssm
ent o
f rec
ruitm
ent p
roce
sses
for
oper
atio
ns, a
nd g
ener
atio
n of
less
ons
lear
ned
z
Util
isatio
n of
less
ons l
earn
ed in
furt
her
recr
uitm
ent c
ycle
s
z
Repo
rts o
f mee
tings
z
Recr
uitm
ent s
tatis
tics a
nd a
naly
sis z
Repo
rts o
f rec
ruitm
ent a
fter a
ctio
n re
view
s
z
Buy-
in to
, and
ow
ners
hip
of, t
he ro
ster
as
a us
eful
tool
for r
ecru
itmen
t by
stak
e-ho
lder
s z
Coop
erat
ion
betw
een
the
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs t
o en
able
effi
cien
t rec
ruitm
ent
z
Util
isatio
n of
rost
er re
crui
tmen
t sys
tem
s an
d pr
oced
ures
z
Suita
ble
num
ber o
f qua
lifie
d pe
rson
nel
avai
labl
e in
the
rost
er w
hen
requ
ired
92
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
Med
iatio
n
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y O
bjec
tive
To c
ontr
ibut
e to
the
effe
ctiv
e an
d co
ordi
nate
d m
anag
emen
t and
reso
lutio
n of
con
flict
s and
cr
ises
thro
ugh
med
iatio
n by
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
of t
imel
y an
d co
ordi
nate
d m
edia
-tio
n in
terv
entio
ns b
y th
e AU
, REC
s/RM
s z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
capa
city
at t
he A
U,
RECs
/RM
s to
plan
, dep
loy,
man
age
and
sup-
port
med
iatio
n in
terv
entio
ns
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
capa
city
by
acto
rs a
t na
tiona
l lev
el to
pla
n an
d co
nduc
t med
iatio
n in
terv
entio
ns z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
coop
erat
ion
betw
een
the
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd th
e U
N o
n m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
(AU
) Re
port
s of j
oint
miss
ions
by
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs
Repo
rts f
rom
REC
s/RM
s med
iatio
n st
ruct
ures
an
d ot
her a
ctiv
ity re
port
s M
edia
repo
rts
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
and
com
mitm
ent f
rom
all
stak
ehol
ders
to
rega
rd m
edia
tion
as a
key
tool
for t
he m
aint
e-na
nce
of p
eace
and
secu
rity
z
Will
and
com
mitm
ent b
y AU
and
REC
s to
colla
bora
te o
n m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
; z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s to
prof
essio
nalis
e m
edia
tion
in th
eir r
espe
ctiv
e or
gani
satio
ns
z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s to
putt
ing
into
pra
ctic
e w
hat t
hey
com
mitt
ed to
; z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 5
Med
iatio
n is
incr
easin
gly
used
by
the
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd a
t nat
iona
l lev
el a
s an
appr
oach
to th
e pe
acef
ul se
ttle
men
t of d
isput
es a
nd c
onfli
cts.
Med
iatio
n is
here
und
erst
ood
as a
stru
ctur
ed p
roce
ss,
invo
lvin
g a
third
par
ty w
ho is
not
a p
arty
to th
e co
nflic
t, th
e ac
cept
ance
of m
edia
tion
and
a pa
rtic
ular
med
iato
r by
part
ies t
o a
disp
ute,
and
the
volu
ntar
y na
ture
of a
gree
men
ts re
ache
d. W
ithin
the
cont
ext o
f the
AU,
the
Chai
rper
son
norm
ally
app
oint
s Spe
cial
Env
oys a
nd S
peci
al R
epre
sent
ativ
es to
con
duct
stru
ctur
ed m
edia
tion
proc
esse
s. T
here
are
a n
umbe
r of k
ey c
halle
nges
at p
rese
nt:
z
The
abse
nce
of a
pro
fess
iona
lised
app
roac
h to
med
iatio
n an
d su
stai
ned
prof
essio
nal s
uppo
rt to
med
iato
rs a
t the
AU
and
the
RECs
(Med
iatio
n Su
ppor
t Uni
ts) t
hat w
ould
con
stitu
te a
cen
tre
of
exce
llenc
e on
med
iatio
n w
ithin
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs, c
oord
inat
e th
e de
velo
pmen
t of e
xper
tise
in m
edia
tion
and
prev
entiv
e di
plom
acy,
and
coor
dina
te su
ppor
t to
med
iato
rs z
Exist
ing
stru
ctur
es a
nd p
roce
sses
are
inad
equa
te fo
r rap
id d
eplo
ymen
t of m
edia
tion
and
prev
entiv
e di
plom
acy
inte
rven
tions
, inc
ludi
ng fl
exib
le fu
ndin
g.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 5
Enha
nced
cap
acity
of t
he A
U a
nd th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms t
o pl
an,
depl
oy, m
anag
e, su
ppor
t and
mon
itor m
edia
tion
inte
rven
-tio
ns.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 5
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
of e
ffici
ent m
edia
tion
inte
rven
-tio
ns
z
Evid
ence
of o
pera
tiona
lizat
ion
of M
edi-
atio
n Su
ppor
t Uni
ts a
t the
AU
and
the
RECs
/RM
s; z
Evid
ence
and
doc
umen
tatio
n of
the
use
of th
e gu
idan
ce c
onta
ined
in th
e 20
12
SOPs
for M
edia
tion
Supp
ort (
note
that
th
ese
have
cle
ar g
uida
nce
on: a
ppoi
ntin
g an
d hi
ring
proc
esse
s for
lead
med
iato
r; de
cisio
n to
dep
loy
a m
edia
tor;
crea
ting
a m
edia
tion
rost
er; d
evel
opin
g m
edia
tion
man
date
s; c
reat
ing
an A
U m
edia
tion
team
(nee
ded
expe
rtise
and
cap
acity
, co
re te
am m
embe
rs, r
esou
rce
pers
ons)
; m
edia
tor p
re-d
eplo
ymen
t brie
fings
; de
sign
of m
edia
tion
stra
tegi
es; f
undi
ng,
etc.
z
Evid
ence
and
doc
umen
tatio
n of
the
use
of th
e Kn
owle
dge
Man
agem
ent F
ram
e-w
ork
for M
edia
tion
(less
ons l
earn
ed, e
tc)
z
Evid
ence
of r
evie
ws a
nd e
valu
atio
ns o
f co
nclu
ded
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs m
edia
tions
Ev
iden
ce o
f har
mon
izatio
n of
nat
iona
l m
echa
nism
s with
REC
s
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t rep
orts
; z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
z
Repo
rts f
rom
REC
s/RM
s med
iatio
n st
ruct
ures
z
Med
ia re
port
s z
REC
activ
ity re
port
s z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts z
Repo
rts o
f con
sulta
tive
wor
ksho
ps/jo
int
miss
ions
bet
wee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s to
stre
amlin
e a
prof
essio
nal a
ppro
ach
to
med
iatio
n in
thei
r res
pect
ive
orga
nisa
-tio
ns;
z
Polit
ical
will
and
com
mitm
ent b
y al
l re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs to
col
labo
rate
and
co
ordi
nate
thei
r med
iatio
n in
terv
en-
tions
; z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 2
Results Framework Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
93
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 5
.1AU
, REC
s/RM
s an
d na
tiona
l le
vel a
ctor
s (in
-cl
udin
g pa
rtie
s to
a n
egot
ia-
tion/
med
iatio
n)
invo
lved
in m
e-di
atio
n m
issi
ons
are
equi
pped
an
d su
ppor
ted
with
rele
vant
ca
paci
ties f
or
effe
ctiv
e m
edi-
atio
n in
terv
en-
tions
z
Med
iatio
n Su
ppor
t Uni
ts a
t the
AU
and
the
RECs
/RM
s are
crea
ted
and
func
tioni
ng z
AU O
pera
tiona
l Sup
port
Team
is cr
eate
d an
d fu
nctio
ning
; z
Targ
eted
/tai
lore
d tr
aini
ng to
spec
ial
envo
ys, r
epre
sent
ativ
es a
nd th
eir t
eam
s co
nduc
ted;
(spe
cial e
nvoy
s and
repr
e-se
ntat
ives
hav
e st
reng
then
ed ca
pacit
y to
de
sign,
pla
n, d
eplo
y, m
anag
e an
d m
onito
r m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
); z
Supp
ort t
o m
edia
tors
in th
e fie
ld is
pr
ovid
ed;
z
PSD
Rost
er is
ope
ratio
nal (
as re
gard
s the
m
edia
tion
dim
ensio
n) a
nd u
sed;
z
CEW
S an
d PS
D De
sk O
ffice
rs a
re in
volv
ed
in m
edia
tion
plan
ning
and
pra
ctice
; z
Enha
nced
capa
city
of th
e RE
Cs to
initi
ate
and
carr
y ou
t med
iatio
ns in
thei
r res
pec-
tive
regi
ons
z
RECs
/RM
s est
ablis
h an
d op
erat
iona
lize
Med
iatio
n Su
ppor
t Uni
ts
z
RECs
/RM
s are
ade
quat
ely
prep
ared
to
depl
oy m
edia
tors
with
logi
stica
l and
fin
ancia
l sup
port
whe
n th
e ne
ed a
rises
z
Evid
ence
of A
U pr
ovisi
on o
f sup
port
to
RECs
/RM
s ong
oing
effo
rts t
o de
velo
p m
edia
tion
rost
ers;
z
The
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
is be
ing
used
; z
The
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms m
akes
mor
e us
e of
wom
en m
edia
tors
; z
Evid
ence
that
gen
der i
ssue
s are
syst
emat
-ica
lly in
clude
d in
the
med
iatio
n pr
oces
s;;
z
Cont
inen
tal N
etw
ork
of W
omen
med
ia-
tors
est
ablis
hed;
z
Linka
ges b
etw
een
natio
nal e
ffort
s/pe
ace
proc
esse
s reg
iona
l med
iatio
n ef
fort
s es
tabl
ished
z
Evid
ence
of s
tren
gthe
ned
colla
bora
tion
betw
een
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs m
edia
tion
stru
ctur
es/s
uppo
rt u
nits
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
netw
orki
ng a
mon
g w
omen
bas
ed C
SOs e
ngag
ed in
Trac
k II
proc
esse
s z
RECs
to e
stab
lish
Regi
onal
Ass
ocia
tions
of
Wom
en M
edia
tors
; z
Part
ies t
o a
nego
tiatio
n/m
edia
tion
are
equi
pped
with
the
tech
nica
l kno
wle
dge
to
part
icipa
te in
neg
otia
tions
/med
iatio
n z
Fund
raisi
ng/f
inan
cial s
usta
inab
ility
stra
te-
gy a
gree
d
z
Fina
lise
cons
ulta
tions
and
stra
tegi
es fo
r im
plem
enta
tion
of M
edia
tion
Supp
ort
Uni
ts a
t AU
and
the
RECs
/RM
s; z
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
2012
SO
Ps fo
r M
edia
tion
Supp
ort (
incl
udin
g de
cisio
n on
app
oint
men
ts, p
re-d
eplo
ymen
t sta
rt-
up p
hase
, ope
ratio
nal p
lans
, etc
); z
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
for M
edia
tion
Proc
esse
s is b
eing
use
d in
pre
vent
ive
dipl
omac
y m
issio
ns;
z
Cond
uct n
eeds
ass
essm
ent s
urve
y w
ith
Spec
ial E
nvoy
s, R
epre
sent
ativ
es, P
SC a
nd
Chai
rper
son’
s offi
ce;
z
Targ
eted
/tai
lore
d tr
aini
ng to
Spe
cial
En
voys
, Rep
rese
ntat
ives
and
also
AU
Li
aiso
n O
ffice
s; z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f con
cept
not
e fo
r “O
per-
atio
nal S
uppo
rt Te
am”;
z
Prom
ote
clos
er in
tera
ctio
n be
twee
n al
l sp
ecia
l env
oys a
nd re
pres
enta
tives
by,
amon
g ot
hers
, exp
andi
ng th
e on
e-da
y m
eetin
g at
the
High
Lev
el R
etre
at z
Clos
er in
tera
ctio
n w
ith C
EWS
and
PSD
desk
offi
cers
(inc
ludi
ng d
eplo
ying
them
m
ore
ofte
n in
med
iatio
n in
terv
entio
ns);
z
AU, U
N a
nd o
ther
par
tner
s pro
vide
su
ppor
t in
build
ing
the
capa
city
of n
ewly
es
tabl
ished
med
iatio
n su
ppor
t uni
ts a
t th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms;
z
Prom
otio
n of
wom
en a
s med
iato
rs a
nd
gend
er is
sues
in m
edia
tion
z
Esta
blish
men
t of a
Con
tinen
tal N
etw
ork
of W
omen
med
iato
rs;
z
RECs
/RM
s to
unde
rtak
e as
sess
men
ts o
f na
tiona
l med
iatio
n ca
paci
ties;
z
RECs
/RM
s to
deve
lop
capa
city
bui
ldin
g pr
ogra
mm
es o
n m
edia
tion
to n
atio
nal
acto
rs;
z
Trai
ning
of n
egot
iatio
n/m
edia
tion
dele
-ga
tions
; z
Deve
lop
a st
rate
gy fo
r fun
d ra
ising
and
su
stai
nabi
lity
z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
z
Med
ia re
port
s z
REC
activ
ity re
port
s z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts z
Repo
rts o
f tra
inin
gs p
rovi
ded/
expe
rienc
e sh
arin
g w
orks
hops
bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms
z
AU/R
ECs/
RMs n
atio
nal m
edia
tion
stru
c-tu
res c
apac
ity a
nd n
eeds
ass
essm
ent
repo
rts
z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s;
94
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Pr
oble
m d
efin
ition
6In
add
ition
, and
as r
egar
ds m
edia
tion:
z
The
abse
nce
of a
pre
vent
ive
dipl
omac
y/m
edia
tion
“sys
tem
” th
at p
rom
otes
, coo
rdin
ates
and
sync
hron
ises e
arly
pea
cem
akin
g ac
tions
by
the
PSC,
the
Chai
rper
son,
the
Pane
l of t
he W
ise/F
riend
s of
the
Pane
l/Pan
Wise
z
The
abse
nce
of m
echa
nism
s and
pro
cedu
res f
or e
nsur
ing
coor
dina
tion
and
coop
erat
ion
betw
een
the
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd th
e U
N in
med
iatio
n an
d pr
even
tive
dipl
omac
y in
itiat
ives
.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
Enha
nced
coo
rdin
atio
n be
twee
n th
e AU
, the
REC
s/RM
s and
th
e U
N o
n m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
Indi
cato
rs z
Exam
ples
of c
oord
inat
ed m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
by
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd U
N;
z
Evid
ence
of i
nfor
mat
ion-
shar
ing
and
join
t dec
ision
-mak
ing
betw
een
AU a
nd
RECs
/RM
s; z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
med
iatio
n en
deav
ours
; z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
ana
lysis
and
ass
ess-
men
t bet
wee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s z
Foru
m o
f AU
/REC
/RM
s med
iatio
n fo
cal
poin
ts
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Repo
rts o
f med
iatio
n in
terv
entio
ns b
y RE
Cs/R
Ms
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
and
com
mitm
ent f
rom
all
stak
ehol
d-er
s to
rega
rd p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
and
med
iatio
n as
inte
r-lin
ked
tool
s for
the
mai
nten
ance
of p
eace
and
secu
rity
z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s to
stre
amlin
e a
prev
entiv
e ac
tion
and
med
iatio
n ap
proa
ch to
CPM
R; z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
ld-
ers t
o pu
ttin
g in
to p
ract
ice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to;
z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 6
.1Th
e m
odal
ities
of
coo
rdin
atio
n an
d co
llabo
ra-
tion
betw
een
the
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs o
n m
edi-
atio
n in
terv
en-
tions
are
cle
arly
de
fined
and
ag
reed
upo
n.
z
AU-R
ECs/
RMs m
edia
tion
guid
elin
es
adop
ted;
z
Evid
ence
of A
U/R
ECs/
RMs c
oord
inat
ion
and
colla
bora
tion
in th
eir m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
freq
uenc
y of
join
t m
edia
tions
; z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
use
of I
nter
natio
n-al
Con
tact
Gro
ups;
z
Foru
m o
f AU
/REC
/RM
s med
iatio
n fo
cal
poin
ts la
unch
ed a
nd fu
nctio
ning
; z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
desk
to d
esk
cons
ulta
tions
z
AU/R
EC sy
stem
of c
omm
unic
atio
n,
info
rmat
ion,
kno
wle
dge
and
reso
urce
s sh
arin
g an
d de
cisio
n-m
akin
g on
med
ia-
tion
are
enha
nced
z
Sim
ulat
ion
exer
cise
s con
duct
ed;
z
Join
t tra
inin
gs c
ondu
cted
;
z
Incr
ease
freq
uenc
y of
join
t med
iatio
n m
issio
ns (f
ollo
win
g th
e ex
ampl
e of
Pa
nWise
); z
Incr
ease
d us
e of
Inte
rnat
iona
l Con
tact
Gr
oups
; z
Cont
inue
to st
reng
then
regi
onal
/sub
-re-
gion
al c
olla
bora
tion
thro
ugh
tech
nica
l su
ppor
t to
the
RECs
; z
Deve
lopi
ng th
e AU
-REC
/RM
par
tner
ship
on
med
iatio
n th
roug
h ag
reem
ent o
n jo
int m
edia
tion
guid
elin
es, i
nclu
ding
st
ream
linin
g ag
reed
upo
n no
rmat
ive
prin
cipl
es o
f con
flict
pre
vent
ion
and
me-
diat
ion;
stre
ngth
enin
g al
ignm
ent o
f AU
/RE
Cs m
edia
tion
guid
elin
es; i
nter
pret
ing
the
subs
idia
rity
prin
cipl
e; d
ecen
tral
ising
m
edia
tion
by fo
cusin
g m
ore
on th
e RE
Cs
and
natio
nal l
evel
; add
ress
a m
odus
op
eran
di (w
ho g
oes f
irst)
z
RECs
/RM
s inc
orpo
rate
the
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
to th
eir m
edia
-tio
n ac
tiviti
es;
z
Deve
lop
conc
ept f
or F
orum
of A
U/R
EC/
RMs m
edia
tion
foca
l poi
nts (
syst
em o
f co
mm
unic
atio
n, in
form
atio
n sh
arin
g an
d de
cisio
n-m
akin
g on
med
iatio
n);
z
Cond
uct s
imul
atio
n ex
erci
ses w
ith th
e pu
rpos
e of
trai
ning
wor
king
toge
ther
;
z
Guid
elin
es a
dopt
ed;
z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t rep
orts
; z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
z
Med
ia re
port
s z
REC
activ
ity re
port
s z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
s-m
ents
z
Polit
ical
will
and
com
mitm
ent f
rom
all
stak
ehol
ders
to c
olla
bora
te a
nd c
oord
i-na
te th
eir m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
; z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
ld-
ers t
o pu
ttin
g in
to p
ract
ice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to;
z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s
95
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 2
Results Framework Strategic Priority 2: Crisis/Conflict Management
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 6
In a
dditi
on, a
nd a
s reg
ards
med
iatio
n: z
The
abse
nce
of a
pre
vent
ive
dipl
omac
y/m
edia
tion
“sys
tem
” th
at p
rom
otes
, coo
rdin
ates
and
sync
hron
ises e
arly
pea
cem
akin
g ac
tions
by
the
PSC,
the
Chai
rper
son,
the
Pane
l of t
he W
ise/F
riend
s of
the
Pane
l/Pan
Wise
z
The
abse
nce
of m
echa
nism
s and
pro
cedu
res f
or e
nsur
ing
coor
dina
tion
and
coop
erat
ion
betw
een
the
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd th
e U
N in
med
iatio
n an
d pr
even
tive
dipl
omac
y in
itiat
ives
.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
Enha
nced
coo
rdin
atio
n be
twee
n th
e AU
, the
REC
s/RM
s and
th
e U
N o
n m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
Indi
cato
rs z
Exam
ples
of c
oord
inat
ed m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
by
AU, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd U
N;
z
Evid
ence
of i
nfor
mat
ion-
shar
ing
and
join
t dec
ision
-mak
ing
betw
een
AU a
nd
RECs
/RM
s; z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
med
iatio
n en
deav
ours
; z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
ana
lysis
and
ass
ess-
men
t bet
wee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s z
Foru
m o
f AU
/REC
/RM
s med
iatio
n fo
cal
poin
ts
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Repo
rts o
f med
iatio
n in
terv
entio
ns b
y RE
Cs/R
Ms
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
and
com
mitm
ent f
rom
all
stak
ehol
d-er
s to
rega
rd p
reve
ntiv
e di
plom
acy
and
med
iatio
n as
inte
r-lin
ked
tool
s for
the
mai
nten
ance
of p
eace
and
secu
rity
z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s to
stre
amlin
e a
prev
entiv
e ac
tion
and
med
iatio
n ap
proa
ch to
CPM
R; z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
ld-
ers t
o pu
ttin
g in
to p
ract
ice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to;
z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 6
.1Th
e m
odal
ities
of
coo
rdin
atio
n an
d co
llabo
ra-
tion
betw
een
the
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs o
n m
edi-
atio
n in
terv
en-
tions
are
cle
arly
de
fined
and
ag
reed
upo
n.
z
AU-R
ECs/
RMs m
edia
tion
guid
elin
es
adop
ted;
z
Evid
ence
of A
U/R
ECs/
RMs c
oord
inat
ion
and
colla
bora
tion
in th
eir m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
freq
uenc
y of
join
t m
edia
tions
; z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
use
of I
nter
natio
n-al
Con
tact
Gro
ups;
z
Foru
m o
f AU
/REC
/RM
s med
iatio
n fo
cal
poin
ts la
unch
ed a
nd fu
nctio
ning
; z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
desk
to d
esk
cons
ulta
tions
z
AU/R
EC sy
stem
of c
omm
unic
atio
n,
info
rmat
ion,
kno
wle
dge
and
reso
urce
s sh
arin
g an
d de
cisio
n-m
akin
g on
med
ia-
tion
are
enha
nced
z
Sim
ulat
ion
exer
cise
s con
duct
ed;
z
Join
t tra
inin
gs c
ondu
cted
;
z
Incr
ease
freq
uenc
y of
join
t med
iatio
n m
issio
ns (f
ollo
win
g th
e ex
ampl
e of
Pa
nWise
); z
Incr
ease
d us
e of
Inte
rnat
iona
l Con
tact
Gr
oups
; z
Cont
inue
to st
reng
then
regi
onal
/sub
-re-
gion
al c
olla
bora
tion
thro
ugh
tech
nica
l su
ppor
t to
the
RECs
; z
Deve
lopi
ng th
e AU
-REC
/RM
par
tner
ship
on
med
iatio
n th
roug
h ag
reem
ent o
n jo
int m
edia
tion
guid
elin
es, i
nclu
ding
st
ream
linin
g ag
reed
upo
n no
rmat
ive
prin
cipl
es o
f con
flict
pre
vent
ion
and
me-
diat
ion;
stre
ngth
enin
g al
ignm
ent o
f AU
/RE
Cs m
edia
tion
guid
elin
es; i
nter
pret
ing
the
subs
idia
rity
prin
cipl
e; d
ecen
tral
ising
m
edia
tion
by fo
cusin
g m
ore
on th
e RE
Cs
and
natio
nal l
evel
; add
ress
a m
odus
op
eran
di (w
ho g
oes f
irst)
z
RECs
/RM
s inc
orpo
rate
the
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
to th
eir m
edia
-tio
n ac
tiviti
es;
z
Deve
lop
conc
ept f
or F
orum
of A
U/R
EC/
RMs m
edia
tion
foca
l poi
nts (
syst
em o
f co
mm
unic
atio
n, in
form
atio
n sh
arin
g an
d de
cisio
n-m
akin
g on
med
iatio
n);
z
Cond
uct s
imul
atio
n ex
erci
ses w
ith th
e pu
rpos
e of
trai
ning
wor
king
toge
ther
;
z
Guid
elin
es a
dopt
ed;
z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t rep
orts
; z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica
z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
z
Med
ia re
port
s z
REC
activ
ity re
port
s z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
s-m
ents
z
Polit
ical
will
and
com
mitm
ent f
rom
all
stak
ehol
ders
to c
olla
bora
te a
nd c
oord
i-na
te th
eir m
edia
tion
inte
rven
tions
; z
Com
mitm
ent b
y al
l rel
evan
t sta
keho
ld-
ers t
o pu
ttin
g in
to p
ract
ice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to;
z
Avai
labi
lity
of re
sour
ces a
nd c
apab
ilitie
s
Out
put 6
.2Th
e m
odal
ities
of
coo
rdin
atio
n an
d co
llabo
ra-
tion
betw
een
the
AU, t
he
RECs
/RM
s and
th
e U
N o
n m
edi-
atio
n in
terv
en-
tions
are
cle
arly
de
fined
and
ag
reed
upo
n.
z
AU-U
N m
edia
tion
guid
elin
es a
dopt
ed;
z
Evid
ence
of A
U/U
N c
oord
inat
ion
and
colla
bora
tion
in th
eir m
edia
tion
inte
r-ve
ntio
ns z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
freq
uenc
y of
join
t m
edia
tions
; z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
use
of I
nter
natio
n-al
Con
tact
Gro
ups;
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
desk
to d
esk
cons
ulta
tions
z
AU/U
N sy
stem
of c
omm
unic
atio
n, in
for-
mat
ion
shar
ing
and
deci
sion-
mak
ing
on
med
iatio
n ar
e en
hanc
ed z
Sim
ulat
ion
exer
cise
s con
duct
ed;
z
Join
t tra
inin
gs c
ondu
cted
;
z
Incr
ease
freq
uenc
y of
join
t med
iatio
n m
issio
ns;
z
Incr
ease
d us
e of
Inte
rnat
iona
l Con
tact
Gr
oups
; z
Cont
inue
to st
reng
then
UN
/AU
/REC
s co
llabo
ratio
n th
roug
h te
chni
cal s
uppo
rt,
exch
ange
of e
xper
ienc
es, b
est p
ract
ices
an
d le
sson
s lea
rned
; z
Deve
lopi
ng th
e AU
-UN
par
tner
ship
on
med
iatio
n th
roug
h ad
optio
n of
join
t m
edia
tion
guid
elin
es, i
nclu
ding
stre
am-
linin
g ag
reed
upo
n no
rmat
ive
prin
cipl
es
of c
onfli
ct p
reve
ntio
n an
d m
edia
tion;
st
reng
then
ing
alig
nmen
t of U
N/A
U
med
iatio
n gu
idel
ines
; int
erpr
etin
g th
e su
bsid
iarit
y pr
inci
ple;
dec
entr
alisi
ng
med
iatio
n by
focu
sing
mor
e on
the
AU/
RECs
and
nat
iona
l lev
el; a
ddre
ss a
mod
us
oper
andi
(who
goe
s firs
t) z
Cond
uct s
imul
atio
n ex
erci
ses w
ith th
e pu
rpos
e of
trai
ning
wor
king
toge
ther
;
z
Guid
elin
es a
dopt
ed;
z
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
Sec
reta
ry G
ener
al
Repo
rts;
z
Chai
rper
son’
s rep
ort t
o th
e PS
C on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica;
z
Pane
l of t
he W
ise S
ecre
taria
t rep
orts
; z
Know
ledg
e M
anag
emen
t Fra
mew
ork
z
Med
ia re
port
s z
REC
activ
ity re
port
s z
Prog
ram
me
eval
uatio
ns a
nd a
sses
smen
ts
z
Sam
e as
abo
ve
96
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
3Re
sults
Fra
mew
ork
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 3:
Po
st-C
onfli
ct R
econ
stru
ction
and
Pea
ce B
uild
ing
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y O
bjec
tive
To c
ontr
ibut
e to
effe
ctiv
e, c
oord
inat
ed a
nd ti
mel
y su
ppor
t to
pos
t-con
flict
Mem
ber S
tate
s and
com
mun
ities
em
ergi
ng
from
con
flict
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
Indi
cato
rs z
PCRD
inte
rven
tions
and
supp
ort t
o M
embe
r St
ates
are
tim
ely
and
base
d on
a sy
stem
atic
as
sess
men
t of p
ost-c
onfli
ct n
eeds
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
PCR
D pr
ogra
mm
ing,
in-
clud
ing
form
ulat
ion
of c
omm
on o
bjec
tives
, be
twee
n AU
C de
part
men
ts, b
etw
een
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s, b
etw
een
RECs
/RM
s and
REC
s/RM
s and
bet
wee
n AU
C an
d M
embe
r Sta
tes a
s w
ell a
s REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
ber S
tate
s; z
Evid
ence
of P
CRD
initi
ativ
es in
pos
t-con
flict
M
embe
r Sta
tes t
hat a
re b
ased
on
cont
inen
tal
or re
gion
al P
CRD
polic
ies a
nd/o
r str
ateg
ies
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
capa
citie
s of A
U a
nd
RECs
to p
rovi
de a
nd c
oord
inat
e su
ppor
t to
post
-con
flict
Mem
ber S
tate
s, b
ased
on
poli-
cies
and
stra
tegi
es z
Evid
ence
of f
inan
cial
and
in-k
ind
supp
ort
mob
ilise
d by
AU
/REC
s and
cha
nnel
led
to
post
-con
flict
Mem
ber S
tate
s z
Evid
ence
of A
U a
nd R
ECs P
CRD/
DDR/
SSR
expe
rtise
dep
loye
d w
ithin
pea
ce su
ppor
t op
erat
ions
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Prog
ram
me
docu
men
ts.
z
Anal
ysis
of d
ata
by m
onito
ring
syst
em;
z
Nar
rativ
e re
port
s.
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Polit
ical
will
from
all
stak
e-ho
lder
s inv
olve
d in
PCR
D to
tr
ansla
te c
omm
itmen
ts in
to
actio
ns;
z
Pres
ence
of i
ndiv
idua
l, or
-ga
niza
tiona
l and
inst
itutio
nal
capa
citie
s am
ongs
t APS
A st
akeh
olde
rs to
impl
emen
t the
va
rious
com
pone
nts o
f the
PC
RD p
olic
y an
d to
mon
itor
resu
lts
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 1
In
stitu
tiona
l mec
hani
sms a
nd p
olic
ies i
dent
ified
by
polic
y or
gans
are
not
ope
ratio
nal d
ue to
the
thre
e fo
llow
ing
reas
ons:
z
Lack
of c
lear
def
initi
on a
nd o
pera
tiona
l gui
delin
es o
f the
six
pilla
rs (i
ndic
ativ
e el
emen
ts) o
f the
PCR
D po
licy
Mec
hani
sms f
or P
CRD
are
not i
n pl
ace
or n
ot o
pera
tiona
l z
PCRD
pol
icie
s on
regi
onal
leve
l are
ofte
n m
issin
g, o
r not
har
mon
ised
with
con
tinen
tal a
ppro
ach
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 1
PCRD
mec
hani
sms a
t the
leve
l of A
UC,
REC
/RM
and
po
st-c
onfli
ct c
ount
ries a
s wel
l as P
CRD
polic
ies a
re in
pla
ce
and
oper
atio
nal,
in li
ne w
ith th
e si
x pi
llars
of t
he P
CRD
polic
y fr
amew
ork
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 1
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
that
AU
C an
d RE
Cs/R
Ms h
ave
the
mec
hani
sms i
n pl
ace
acco
rdin
g to
thei
r man
-da
te g
iven
by
thei
r res
pect
ive
polic
y or
gans
z
Evid
ence
of r
egio
nal P
CRD
polic
ies i
n pl
ace
in
all r
egio
ns, a
nd h
arm
onise
d w
ith th
e co
nti-
nent
al P
CRD
polic
y fr
amew
ork
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
PCRD
cou
ntry
spec
ific
impl
emen
tatio
n st
rat-
egie
s z
Mem
ber s
tate
s str
ateg
ic p
lans
z
AUC/
REC
man
date
s and
M&
E re
port
s
Assu
mpt
ions
z
All s
take
hold
ers (
AUC,
REC
s/RM
s, c
ount
ries)
are
rece
ptiv
e an
d su
ppor
t the
ope
ratio
n-al
izatio
n of
con
sulta
tion
and
colla
bora
tion
mec
hani
sms
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 3
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 1
.1Th
e si
x pi
llars
(in
dica
tive
elem
ents
) of
the
PCRD
pol
icy
fram
ewor
k ar
e cl
early
def
ined
z
Ope
ratio
nal g
uide
lines
or o
ther
stra
tegi
c do
cum
ents
for t
he o
pera
tiona
lizat
ion
of
each
pill
ar a
re in
pla
ce
z
Deve
lop
oper
atio
nal g
uide
lines
or o
ther
st
rate
gic
docu
men
ts o
n ea
ch o
f the
pi
llars
of P
CRD,
in c
lose
coo
pera
tion
with
re
leva
nt a
ctor
s in
AUC
and
RECs
z
Stra
tegi
es/g
uide
lines
z
Will
ingn
ess o
f rel
evan
t dep
artm
ents
and
di
visio
ns to
col
labo
rate
Out
put 1
.1M
echa
nism
s fo
r PCR
D ar
e es
tabl
ishe
d an
d fu
nctio
ning
, as
defin
ed b
y AU
/RE
C de
cisi
on
mak
ers
z
The
Afric
an U
nion
Sta
ndin
g M
ultid
imen
-sio
nal C
omm
ittee
on
PCRD
est
ablis
hed
z
The
PSC
Stan
ding
Com
mitt
ee o
n PC
RD is
es
tabl
ished
z
Min
ister
ial c
omm
ittee
s on
PCRD
re-
cons
truc
tion
in p
ost-c
onfli
ct c
ount
ries
esta
blish
ed
z
Esta
blish
the
AU st
andi
ng m
ultid
imen
-sio
nal c
omm
ittee
on
PCRD
for i
nter
ac-
tion
with
inte
rnat
iona
l act
ors o
n PC
RD z
Enga
ge w
ith P
SC in
ord
er to
est
ablis
h a
PSC
Stan
ding
Com
mitt
ee o
n PC
RD to
m
onito
r act
ors a
nd p
rovi
de su
ppor
t to
affe
cted
cou
ntrie
s, a
nd to
revi
ew st
ate
of re
cons
truc
tion
on th
e co
ntin
ent o
n re
gula
r bas
is z
Conv
ene
PSC
repo
rtin
g se
ssio
n on
PCR
D co
untr
ies b
ased
on
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
6 pi
llars
of t
he P
CRD
polic
y hi
gh-
light
ing
prog
ress
and
cha
lleng
es. R
ECs
to p
rovi
de re
gula
r rep
ortin
g to
such
PSC
se
ssio
ns.
z
Assis
t pos
t-con
flict
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
the
esta
blish
men
t of m
inist
eria
l com
mitt
ees
on n
atio
nal l
evel
z
at A
UC
leve
l, es
tabl
ish a
n in
ter-d
epar
t-m
enta
l tas
k fo
rce
on P
CRD
whi
ch m
eets
re
gula
rly, w
ith p
artic
ipat
ion
of R
ECs/
RMs
z
Prog
ram
me
of P
SC m
eetin
gs z
Min
utes
of P
SC m
eetin
gs z
PCRD
cou
ntry
repo
rts
z
Polit
ical
will
of a
ll re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
(AU
C, R
ECs/
RMs,
Mem
ber S
tate
s) a
nd
deci
sion
mak
ers (
PSC)
Out
put 1
.2PC
RD p
olic
ies
and
impl
emen
-ta
tion
stra
tegi
es
for a
ll re
gion
s ar
e de
velo
ped
and
harm
onis
ed
z
Regi
onal
(REC
) PCR
D po
licie
s/st
rate
gies
ex
ist a
nd a
re b
ased
on
the
cont
inen
tal
PCRD
pol
icy
fram
ewor
k z
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s hav
e jo
int i
mpl
emen
-ta
tion
stra
tegi
es fo
r PCR
D z
Mem
ber s
tate
s are
invo
lved
in th
e de
vel-
opm
ent o
f reg
iona
l PCR
D po
licie
s z
Regi
onal
pol
icie
s gui
de th
e de
velo
pmen
t of
sele
cted
nat
iona
l PCR
D po
licie
s/pl
ans
and
impl
emen
tatio
n st
rate
gies
z
Adap
t PCR
D po
licy
fram
ewor
k to
regi
on
spec
ific
situa
tion
and
deve
lop
polic
ies/
stra
tegi
es/g
uide
lines
at t
he le
vel o
f REC
s z
Assu
re in
volv
emen
t of M
embe
r Sta
tes a
s w
ell a
s clo
se c
oope
ratio
n w
ith A
U in
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f reg
iona
l pol
icie
s
z
Stak
ehol
ders
eng
agem
ent r
epor
ts
z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
ts
z
Join
t wor
k pl
ans
z
Polit
ical
will
of a
ll re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
(AU
C, R
ECs/
RMs,
Mem
ber S
tate
s) a
nd
deci
sion
mak
ers (
PSC)
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 2
PCRD
supp
ort i
s not
alw
ays r
espo
ndin
g to
spec
ific
need
s in
diffe
rent
con
flict
pha
ses.
Thi
s is d
ue to
the
follo
win
g m
ain
caus
es:
z
Lack
of c
once
ptua
l cla
rity
on th
e ph
ase
of st
abili
zatio
n &
ear
ly re
cove
ry a
t AU
and
REC
s/RM
z
Lack
of c
once
ptua
l cla
rity
on th
e co
nflic
t pre
vent
ive
elem
ent i
n pe
ace
build
ing
(PCR
D no
t con
cept
ualis
ed in
a h
olist
ic m
anne
r) z
Lack
of c
oope
ratio
n be
twee
n ac
tors
resp
onsib
le fo
r diff
eren
t int
erve
ntio
ns in
pos
t-con
flict
Mem
ber S
tate
s
Results Framework Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
97
98
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Sp
ecifi
c O
bjec
tive
2
PCRD
inte
rven
tions
are
resp
ondi
ng to
spec
ific
need
s in
diffe
rent
con
flict
pha
ses
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 2
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
that
PCR
D pr
ogra
mm
es a
nd
stra
tegi
es a
re in
form
ed b
y jo
int a
naly
sis
on th
e st
ruct
ural
cau
ses o
f con
flict
and
in
clud
e st
rate
gies
and
act
iviti
es fo
r con
-fli
ct p
reve
ntio
n z
Evid
ence
of (
appr
oved
) str
ateg
ic
docu
men
ts w
hich
poi
nt o
ut ro
les a
nd
resp
onsib
ilitie
s of A
U a
nd R
EC a
ctor
s in
the
stab
iliza
tion
phas
e z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
join
t pla
nnin
g an
d cl
ose
coop
erat
ion
and
coor
dina
tion
of a
ll ac
tors
/div
ision
s with
in A
U/R
ECs w
hich
ar
e en
gage
d in
pos
t-con
flict
cou
ntrie
s an
d sit
uatio
ns z
Evid
ence
that
the
PCRD
pol
icy
is le
ver-
aged
in su
ppor
t of s
tabi
lizat
ion
and
early
re
cove
ry e
ffort
s z
Evid
ence
of e
arly
reco
very
inst
rum
ents
su
ch a
s Qui
ck Im
pact
Pro
ject
s and
pea
ce
stre
ngth
enin
g pr
ojec
ts b
eing
util
ised
in P
SOs o
r its
imm
edia
te a
fterm
ath
as
inst
rum
ents
in su
ppor
t of s
tabi
lizat
ion
and
early
reco
very
effo
rts
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Proj
ect d
ocum
ents
z
Repo
rts f
rom
Lia
ison
Offi
ces a
nd fi
eld
offic
es
z
ConO
ps z
Impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
of A
UC
man
agem
ent f
or In
crea
sed
colla
bora
tion
betw
een
in-h
ouse
uni
ts
z
Will
of M
embe
r Sta
tes t
o de
velo
p na
-tio
nal P
CRD
stra
tegy
doc
umen
ts u
nder
th
e gu
idan
ce o
f the
REC
(s) t
hey
belo
ng
to
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 2
.1AU
and
REC
s/RM
s hav
e de
vel-
oped
a h
olis
tic
stra
tegy
of i
nter
-ve
ntio
ns in
the
stab
iliza
tion
and
early
reco
very
ph
ase
z
Stra
tegy
/pol
icy
on st
abili
zatio
n/ea
rly
reco
very
is in
pla
ce z
QIP
s are
bei
ng im
plem
ente
d in
“sta
bi-
lized
are
as”
acco
rdin
g to
stab
iliza
tion
stra
tegy
and
with
in a
def
ined
tim
e fr
ame
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
PCRD
cap
aciti
es/
expe
rtise
in P
SOs (
incl
udin
g DD
R SS
R)
z
Deve
lop
AUC
stra
tegy
/and
pol
icy
on
stab
iliza
tion
and
early
reco
very
in c
lose
co
ordi
natio
n w
ith P
SOD,
Dep
artm
ent
of P
oliti
cal A
ffairs
, Dep
artm
ent o
f Soc
ial
Affa
irs a
nd R
ECs/
RMs
z
Liai
se w
ith P
SOs/
miss
ions
to im
plem
ent
QIP
s and
PSP
s in
conf
lict i
n cr
isis o
r em
ergi
ng fr
om c
risis.
z
Assis
t PSO
s/m
issio
ns in
the
deve
lop-
men
t of c
apac
ities
in o
rder
to ti
mel
y im
plem
ent P
CRD/
early
reco
very
/SSR
/st
abili
zatio
n/Q
IPs b
ased
on
the
need
s of
targ
eted
com
mun
ities
z
Join
t Wor
k pl
ans h
ighl
ight
ing
role
and
re
spon
sibili
ty o
f eac
h ac
tor
z
Mon
itorin
g re
port
s
z
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s hav
e a
com
mon
un-
ders
tand
ing
of w
hat P
CDR
prog
ram
mes
en
tail
99
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 2
PC
RD in
terv
entio
ns a
re re
spon
ding
to sp
ecifi
c ne
eds i
n di
ffere
nt c
onfli
ct p
hase
s
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 2
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
that
PCR
D pr
ogra
mm
es a
nd
stra
tegi
es a
re in
form
ed b
y jo
int a
naly
sis
on th
e st
ruct
ural
cau
ses o
f con
flict
and
in
clud
e st
rate
gies
and
act
iviti
es fo
r con
-fli
ct p
reve
ntio
n z
Evid
ence
of (
appr
oved
) str
ateg
ic
docu
men
ts w
hich
poi
nt o
ut ro
les a
nd
resp
onsib
ilitie
s of A
U a
nd R
EC a
ctor
s in
the
stab
iliza
tion
phas
e z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
join
t pla
nnin
g an
d cl
ose
coop
erat
ion
and
coor
dina
tion
of a
ll ac
tors
/div
ision
s with
in A
U/R
ECs w
hich
ar
e en
gage
d in
pos
t-con
flict
cou
ntrie
s an
d sit
uatio
ns z
Evid
ence
that
the
PCRD
pol
icy
is le
ver-
aged
in su
ppor
t of s
tabi
lizat
ion
and
early
re
cove
ry e
ffort
s z
Evid
ence
of e
arly
reco
very
inst
rum
ents
su
ch a
s Qui
ck Im
pact
Pro
ject
s and
pea
ce
stre
ngth
enin
g pr
ojec
ts b
eing
util
ised
in P
SOs o
r its
imm
edia
te a
fterm
ath
as
inst
rum
ents
in su
ppor
t of s
tabi
lizat
ion
and
early
reco
very
effo
rts
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Proj
ect d
ocum
ents
z
Repo
rts f
rom
Lia
ison
Offi
ces a
nd fi
eld
offic
es
z
ConO
ps z
Impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
of A
UC
man
agem
ent f
or In
crea
sed
colla
bora
tion
betw
een
in-h
ouse
uni
ts
z
Will
of M
embe
r Sta
tes t
o de
velo
p na
-tio
nal P
CRD
stra
tegy
doc
umen
ts u
nder
th
e gu
idan
ce o
f the
REC
(s) t
hey
belo
ng
to
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 2
.1AU
and
REC
s/RM
s hav
e de
vel-
oped
a h
olis
tic
stra
tegy
of i
nter
-ve
ntio
ns in
the
stab
iliza
tion
and
early
reco
very
ph
ase
z
Stra
tegy
/pol
icy
on st
abili
zatio
n/ea
rly
reco
very
is in
pla
ce z
QIP
s are
bei
ng im
plem
ente
d in
“sta
bi-
lized
are
as”
acco
rdin
g to
stab
iliza
tion
stra
tegy
and
with
in a
def
ined
tim
e fr
ame
z
Evid
ence
of e
nhan
ced
PCRD
cap
aciti
es/
expe
rtise
in P
SOs (
incl
udin
g DD
R SS
R)
z
Deve
lop
AUC
stra
tegy
/and
pol
icy
on
stab
iliza
tion
and
early
reco
very
in c
lose
co
ordi
natio
n w
ith P
SOD,
Dep
artm
ent
of P
oliti
cal A
ffairs
, Dep
artm
ent o
f Soc
ial
Affa
irs a
nd R
ECs/
RMs
z
Liai
se w
ith P
SOs/
miss
ions
to im
plem
ent
QIP
s and
PSP
s in
conf
lict i
n cr
isis o
r em
ergi
ng fr
om c
risis.
z
Assis
t PSO
s/m
issio
ns in
the
deve
lop-
men
t of c
apac
ities
in o
rder
to ti
mel
y im
plem
ent P
CRD/
early
reco
very
/SSR
/st
abili
zatio
n/Q
IPs b
ased
on
the
need
s of
targ
eted
com
mun
ities
z
Join
t Wor
k pl
ans h
ighl
ight
ing
role
and
re
spon
sibili
ty o
f eac
h ac
tor
z
Mon
itorin
g re
port
s
z
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s hav
e a
com
mon
un-
ders
tand
ing
of w
hat P
CDR
prog
ram
mes
en
tail
Out
put 2
.2AU
and
REC
s ha
ve d
evel
-op
ed a
hol
istic
co
ncep
t on
the
inte
ract
ion
betw
een
peac
e bu
ildin
g an
d co
nflic
t pre
ven-
tion
as w
ell a
s go
vern
ance
/st
ate
build
ing
aspe
cts
z
Evid
ence
that
PCR
D pl
anne
d in
terv
entio
n ta
ke in
to a
ccou
nt re
com
men
datio
n of
Pr
e-El
ectio
n As
sess
men
t Rep
orts
; Ear
ly
War
ning
Rep
orts
; str
uctu
ral c
onfli
ct
prev
entio
n an
d vu
lner
abili
ty a
sses
smen
t re
port
s, a
s wel
l as o
ther
ear
ly w
arni
ng
data
z
Map
out
all
proc
esse
s AU
& R
ECs e
ngag
e in
in p
eace
bui
ldin
g/st
ate
build
ing
situa
tions
, inc
ludi
ng m
onito
ring
of p
eace
ag
reem
ents
, pre
vent
ive
dipl
omac
y, hu
man
righ
ts, t
rans
ition
al ju
stic
e an
d re
conc
iliat
ion,
ele
ctio
n su
ppor
t, DD
R/SS
R et
c. z
Enga
ge w
ith a
ll AU
/REC
act
ors i
nvol
ved
in p
ost-c
onfli
ct si
tuat
ions
(as p
er th
e m
appi
ng) i
n or
der t
o de
velo
p a
stra
t-eg
y on
how
to c
oope
rate
and
cre
ate
syne
rgie
s z
Deve
lop
guid
elin
es w
here
nec
essa
ry
in o
rder
to m
ake
sure
that
do
no h
arm
ap
proa
ch a
nd c
onfli
ct se
nsiti
vity
is a
s-su
red;
that
inte
rven
tions
add
ress
or t
ake
into
acc
ount
long
term
stru
ctur
al c
ause
s of
con
flict
and
are
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith
post
-con
flict
nee
ds
z
Join
t Wor
k pl
ans h
ighl
ight
ing
role
and
re
spon
sibili
ty o
f eac
h ac
tor
z
Mon
itorin
g re
port
s
z
Will
and
cap
aciti
es o
f act
ors w
orki
ng o
n th
e AG
A an
d ot
her g
over
nanc
e as
pect
s to
col
labo
rate
z
Will
from
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
be in
volv
ed
in c
onfli
ct a
naly
ses h
ighl
ight
ing
the
long
-te
rm st
ruct
ural
cau
ses o
f con
flict
s
Out
put 2
.3M
echa
nism
s for
co
ordi
natio
n,
join
t pla
nnin
g an
d re
gula
r ex
chan
ge o
n in
terv
entio
ns
in p
ost-c
onfli
ct
Mem
ber S
tate
s es
tabl
ishe
d an
d fu
nctio
ning
z
The
inte
rdep
artm
enta
l tas
k fo
rce
on
PCRD
fully
func
tiona
l z
RECs
take
regu
larly
and
act
ivel
y pa
rt
in th
e in
terd
epar
tmen
tal T
askf
orce
M
eetin
gs
z
Esta
blish
inte
rdep
artm
enta
l tas
kfor
ce
with
all
acto
rs a
t AU
C as
wel
l as R
EC
Liai
son
Offi
ces o
n PC
RD z
Poss
ible
est
ablis
hmen
t of i
ntra
depa
rt-
men
tal t
askf
orce
s at R
EC le
vel,
whi
ch
inte
ract
with
REC
Lia
ison
Offi
ces a
nd
prov
ide
inpu
t int
o ta
sk fo
rce
at A
U le
vel
z
Clar
ify ro
les a
nd re
spon
sibili
ties a
nd
deve
lop
ToR
for i
nter
depa
rtm
enta
l ta
skfo
rce
z
Disc
uss t
hem
atic
as w
ell a
s reg
ions
/co
untr
ies a
nd m
ap o
ut a
s wel
l as c
oord
i-na
te a
nd h
arm
onize
all
inte
rven
tions
in
the
resp
ectiv
e re
gion
/cou
ntry
z
Cond
uct j
oint
stak
ehol
der m
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n ac
tiviti
es
z
ToR
of ta
sk fo
rces
on
AU a
nd R
EC le
vel
z
Min
utes
of T
ask
Forc
e M
eetin
gs z
Will
and
cap
aciti
es o
f act
ors w
orki
ng o
n th
e AG
A an
d ot
her g
over
nanc
e as
pect
s to
col
labo
rate
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 3
AU a
nd R
ECs a
re ta
sked
with
exe
rcisi
ng a
coo
rdin
atio
n fu
nctio
n w
hen
it co
mes
to P
CRD/
peac
e bu
ildin
g on
the
cont
inen
t. Th
ey d
o no
t ful
ly fu
lfil t
heir
coor
dina
tion
func
tion
due
to th
e fo
llow
ing
reas
ons:
z
Lack
of c
lear
def
initi
on o
f rol
es a
nd re
spon
sibili
ties b
etw
een
AU a
nd R
ECs,
as w
ell a
s har
mon
ised
appr
oach
es &
regu
lar e
xcha
nge
z
Lack
of r
egul
ar a
nd sy
stem
atic
exc
hang
e/co
oper
atio
n an
d pa
rtne
rshi
p ag
reem
ents
with
rele
vant
act
ors i
n th
e fie
ld o
f PCR
D z
Lack
of p
artic
ipat
ion
of A
U a
nd R
ECs i
n ot
her c
oord
inat
ion
mec
hani
sm o
n th
e co
ntin
ent,
and
lack
of h
arm
onizi
ng a
ppro
ache
s to
thos
e m
echa
nism
s
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 3
Results Framework Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
100
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Sp
ecifi
c O
bjec
tive
3 Th
e AU
and
the
RECs
exe
rcis
e th
eir c
oord
inat
ion
func
tion
effe
ctiv
ely
and
com
preh
ensi
vely
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 3
Indi
cato
rs z
Plan
ning
, mon
itorin
g an
d re
port
ing
pro-
cess
es o
n PC
RD b
etw
een
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s are
har
mon
ized
z
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s tak
e up
a re
leva
nt
role
in in
tern
atio
nal P
CRD
proc
esse
s,
such
as t
he N
ew D
eal a
nd P
ost-C
onfli
ct
reco
nstr
uctio
n fr
amew
orks
in M
embe
r St
ates
z
Impl
emen
tatio
n st
rate
gy fo
r PCR
D po
licy
fram
ewor
k cl
early
hig
hlig
hts d
iffer
ent
role
s and
resp
onsib
ilitie
s of t
he v
ario
us
stak
ehol
ders
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Repo
rtin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
as w
ell a
s mon
-ito
ring
with
in A
UC
and
betw
een
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s and
oth
er re
leva
nt st
akeh
old-
ers h
arm
onize
d
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
ingn
ess o
f con
tinen
tal,
regi
onal
, na
tiona
l and
inte
rnat
iona
l act
ors i
n PC
RD
to c
olla
bora
te w
ith A
U a
nd R
ECs,
and
ac
cept
coo
rdin
atio
n fu
nctio
n of
AU
C
Out
put 3
.1
Regu
lar s
yste
m-
atic
exc
hang
e be
twee
n AU
and
RE
Cs o
n PC
RD
stra
tegi
es a
nd
inte
rven
tions
es
tabl
ishe
d
z
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s hav
e jo
int i
mpl
emen
-ta
tion
stra
tegi
es fo
r PCR
D z
AU a
nd R
ECs e
ngag
e re
gula
rly o
n PC
RD
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n AU
C an
d RE
Cs/R
Ms o
n th
e ty
pes o
f pol
icie
s and
st
rate
gies
that
nee
d to
be
harm
onize
d; z
Assu
re re
gula
r int
erac
tion
betw
een
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s thr
ough
coo
rdin
atio
n m
echa
nism
as w
ell a
s joi
nt st
akeh
olde
r w
ork
plan
s z
Harm
onisa
tion
of p
olic
ies a
nd st
rate
gies
in
indi
cativ
e el
emen
ts o
f PCR
D/pe
ace
build
ing
betw
een
AU a
nd R
ECs
z
Repo
rt o
n St
akeh
olde
rs e
ngag
emen
t m
eetin
gs
z
Join
t str
ateg
y an
d w
orkp
lan
z
Join
t mon
itorin
g m
issio
n
z
All s
take
hold
ers a
re w
illin
g to
col
labo
rate
on
sust
aine
d im
plem
enta
tion
of P
CRD
inte
rven
tions
Out
put 3
.2Re
gula
r sys
tem
-at
ic e
xcha
nge
betw
een
AU/
RECs
and
ext
er-
nal a
ctor
s in
the
field
of P
CRD
esta
blis
hed
z
Evid
ence
of c
oope
ratio
n ag
reem
ent
betw
een
AUC-
RECs
/RM
s and
AfD
B z
Evid
ence
of e
stab
lishe
d co
oper
atio
n ag
reem
ent w
ith re
leva
nt U
N o
rgan
i-sa
tions
as w
ell a
s oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
orga
nisa
tions
z
Evid
ence
of c
oope
ratio
n ag
reem
ents
w
ith in
tern
atio
nal a
nd A
fric
an N
GOs o
n pe
aceb
uild
ing,
reco
ncili
atio
n an
d re
con-
stru
ctio
n ac
tiviti
es
z
Esta
blish
and
ope
ratio
naliz
e co
ordi
natin
g m
echa
nism
s bet
wee
n AU
C an
d U
N P
eace
Bu
ildin
g Co
mm
issio
n z
Iden
tify
rele
vant
CSO
s in
the
area
of
PCRD
z
Cond
uct j
oint
stak
ehol
der m
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n ac
tiviti
es z
Prom
ote
and
enha
nce
part
ners
hips
am
ong
AUC,
REC
s/RM
s and
oth
er st
ake-
hold
ers
z
Hold
qua
rter
ly jo
int s
take
hold
er m
eet-
ings
to e
nhan
ce p
artn
ersh
ips
z
Hold
join
t AU
C/RE
Cs/R
Ms a
nd o
ther
st
akeh
olde
r ann
ual p
lann
ing
mee
tings
to
enha
nce
part
ners
hips
in P
CRD
inte
rven
-tio
n im
plem
enta
tion
z
Stre
ngth
enin
g w
omen
and
you
th e
n-ga
gem
ent i
n PC
RD c
ount
ries;
z
Trai
ning
of C
SOs t
o en
gage
in p
oliti
cal
dial
ogue
and
pea
ce b
uild
ing
z
Min
utes
from
join
t sta
keho
lder
mon
itor-
ing
activ
ities
z
Min
utes
of m
eetin
gs z
Coop
erat
ion
agre
emen
ts w
ith in
tern
a-tio
nal p
artn
ers,
NGO
s etc
. z
Eval
uatio
n re
port
z
All s
take
hold
ers a
re c
omm
itted
to c
ol-
labo
rate
on
sust
aine
d im
plem
enta
tion
of
PCRD
inte
rven
tions
z
AUC,
REC
s/RM
s, n
atio
nal,
loca
l and
oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
are
will
ing
to ta
ke
owne
rshi
p of
the
PCRD
inte
rven
tions
101
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 3
Results Framework Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
Out
put 3
.3
AUC
and
RECs
pl
ay a
n ac
tive
role
in in
ter-
natio
nal a
nd
regi
onal
fora
an
d pr
oces
ses
on P
CRD
(New
De
al, D
onor
fo
rum
s, G
roup
s of
Frie
nds e
tc.)
z
Evid
ence
of A
UC
and
RECs
/RM
s tak
e up
a
rele
vant
role
in in
tern
atio
nal P
CRD
proc
esse
s, su
ch a
s the
New
Dea
l and
Po
st-c
onfli
ct re
cons
truc
tion
fram
ewor
ks
in M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Evid
ence
of A
U a
nd R
EC e
ngag
emen
t in
New
Dea
l Com
pact
s for
Afr
ican
Mem
ber
Stat
es, o
r sim
ilar f
orum
s
z
Iden
tify
and
part
icip
ate
in re
leva
nt fo
ra
and
exch
ange
mee
tings
in th
e fie
ld o
f PC
RD a
nd p
eace
bui
ldin
g z
Enga
ge in
the
New
Dea
l pro
cess
and
pa
rtic
ipat
e in
New
Dea
l Com
pact
s for
Af
rican
Mem
ber S
tate
s z
Part
icip
ate
in N
eeds
Ass
essm
ents
and
ot
her a
sses
smen
ts o
f pos
t-con
flict
cou
n-tr
ies o
n th
e co
ntin
ent b
y in
tern
atio
nal
acto
rs
z
Coop
erat
ion
fram
ewor
k be
twee
n th
e AU
C-RE
Cs/R
Ms a
nd o
ther
stak
ehol
ders
z
Join
t wor
k pl
an
z
Mon
itorin
g m
issio
n
z
All s
take
hold
ers a
re w
illin
g to
col
labo
rate
on
sust
aine
d im
plem
enta
tion
of P
CRD
inte
rven
tions
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 4
Th
e PC
RD p
olic
y se
es a
maj
or ro
le fo
r AU
in th
e ge
nera
tion
of a
ltern
ativ
e re
sour
ces f
or p
ost-c
onfli
ct M
embe
r Sta
tes.
The
AU
(and
REC
s) so
far w
ere
not a
ble
to g
ener
ate
reso
urce
s des
pite
laun
chin
g of
the
so c
alle
d Af
rican
Sol
idar
ity In
itiat
ive
due
to th
e fo
llow
ing
reas
ons:
z
The
ASI m
echa
nism
for m
obili
zing
addi
tiona
l res
ourc
es to
supp
ort P
CRD
effo
rts i
n co
untr
ies e
mer
ging
from
con
flict
is n
ot fu
lly c
once
ptua
lised
and
ope
ratio
nal;
z
Ther
e is
no c
lear
ly d
efin
ed P
CRD
fund
ing
win
dow
s for
impl
emen
tatio
n of
regi
onal
and
nat
iona
l PCR
D pr
ogra
mm
es (t
hrou
gh w
hich
AU
wou
ld c
hann
el fu
nds t
o RE
Cs o
r MS)
z
Fund
ing
need
s of p
ost-c
onfli
ct M
embe
r Sta
tes a
re n
ot re
gula
rly a
nd sy
stem
atic
ally
ass
esse
d, P
CRD
inte
rven
tions
ofte
n no
t bas
ed o
n m
embe
r sta
te n
eeds
z
Cont
ribut
ions
(fin
anci
al a
nd in
kin
d) fo
r sup
port
to p
ost-c
onfli
ct M
S an
d co
mm
uniti
es a
re n
ot g
ener
ated
/ple
dged
syst
emat
ical
ly a
nd re
gula
rly
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 4
Capa
citie
s of A
U a
nd R
ECs t
o ge
nera
te (f
inan
cial
and
in-k
ind)
re
sour
ces f
or p
ost-c
onfli
ct c
ount
ries a
nd c
omm
uniti
es a
re
enha
nced
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 4
Indi
cato
rs z
Reso
urce
s bei
ng p
ledg
ed a
nd d
eliv
ered
by
AU
Mem
ber s
tate
s in
supp
ort t
o PC
RD
coun
trie
s z
In k
ind
and
finan
cial
supp
ort g
iven
to
Mem
ber S
tate
s, C
SOs e
tc. t
hrou
gh A
UC
and
RECs
/RM
s z
Amou
nt o
f fun
ds b
eing
cha
nnel
led
thro
ugh
the
PCRD
fund
ing
win
dow
s z
Num
ber o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s/AU
C/RE
Cs/
RMs c
o-fin
anci
ng a
rran
gem
ents
in
supp
ort o
f PCR
D ef
fort
s in
coun
trie
s em
ergi
ng fr
om c
onfli
ct
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Fina
ncia
l Sta
tem
ents
z
Fina
ncia
l rep
orts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
AUC,
Mem
bers
stat
es R
ECs/
RMs,
and
ot
her r
elev
ant s
take
hold
ers a
re w
illin
g to
ta
ke o
wne
rshi
p of
PCR
D in
terv
entio
ns z
AUC
mem
bers
stat
es, p
artn
ers a
nd
dono
rs a
re w
illin
g to
allo
cate
reso
urce
s fo
r the
pos
tcon
flict
reco
nstr
uctio
n an
d de
velo
pmen
t of c
ount
ries e
mer
ging
from
co
nflic
t
102
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
tsO
utpu
ts In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctiv
ities
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
Assu
mpt
ions
Out
put 4
.1Th
e Af
rican
Sol
-id
arity
Initi
ativ
e is
fully
con
cep-
tual
ised
and
op
erat
iona
l
z
A re
sour
ce m
obili
zatio
n st
rate
gy is
for-
mul
ated
and
impl
emen
ted
z
Cont
ribut
ions
mad
e by
AU
mem
bers
St
ates
, priv
ate
sect
or, p
hila
nthr
opist
and
fo
unda
tions
in su
ppor
t of P
CRD
z
A m
echa
nism
for m
atch
ing
supp
ort a
nd
need
s of M
embe
r Sta
tes i
s in
plac
e an
d fu
nctio
ning
z
Deve
lopm
ent a
nd im
plem
enta
tion
of A
SI
reso
urce
mob
iliza
tion
stra
tegy
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f str
ateg
ies a
nd m
echa
-ni
sms t
o op
erat
iona
lise
the
ASI w
ith a
ll as
pect
s (id
entif
ying
pos
t-con
flict
nee
ds,
mat
chin
g of
nee
ds w
ith su
ppor
t ple
dged
by
Mem
ber S
tate
s or o
ther
act
ors;
cha
n-ne
lling
of f
unds
or d
eplo
ying
of t
echn
ical
su
ppor
t etc
.) z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f a m
echa
nism
to su
ppor
t M
embe
r Sta
tes t
o en
gage
with
eac
h ot
h-er
and
impl
emen
t sup
port
(e.g
. sec
ond-
men
t of s
taff
from
one
mem
ber s
tate
to
anot
her)
to p
ost-c
onfli
ct c
ount
ries
z
Esta
blish
the
nece
ssar
y (s
taffi
ng) c
apac
-iti
es to
trac
k ap
peal
s, d
onor
ple
dges
, co
mm
itmen
ts, d
isbur
sem
ent o
f fun
ds
and
ensu
re re
port
ing
on u
se o
f the
sa
me.
z
Pled
ges
z
In k
ind
supp
ort p
rovi
ded
z
Fina
ncia
l sta
tem
ents
z
AU m
embe
rs st
ates
are
will
ing
to
allo
cate
reso
urce
s for
the
post
-con
flict
re
cons
truc
tion
and
deve
lopm
ent o
f co
untr
ies e
mer
ging
from
con
flict
alo
ng-
side
trad
ition
al d
evel
opm
ent p
artn
ers
Out
put 4
.2Fu
ndin
g w
in-
dow
s to
chan
nel
fund
s fro
m A
U
to R
ECs a
nd M
S fo
r PCR
D in
ter-
vent
ions
are
cl
early
def
ined
an
d es
tabl
ishe
d
z
PCRD
act
iviti
es o
f REC
s/RM
s are
impl
e-m
ente
d th
roug
h an
AU
C/RE
C fu
ndin
g w
indo
w z
Fund
ing
is pr
ovid
ed to
Lia
ison
Offi
ces
and
field
miss
ions
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith
Peac
e St
reng
then
ing
Proj
ects
(PSP
) ha
ndbo
ok a
nd g
uide
lines
z
Esta
blish
men
t of f
undi
ng w
indo
w fo
r AU
C an
d RE
Cs/R
Ms t
o im
plem
ent r
egio
n-al
and
cro
ss-b
orde
r PCR
D in
terv
entio
ns z
Defin
e fin
anci
al a
nd te
chni
cal r
equi
re-
men
ts fo
r the
fund
ing
win
dow
at A
U
leve
l z
Defin
e fin
anci
al a
nd te
chni
cal r
equi
re-
men
ts fo
r the
reci
pien
ts z
Defin
e re
port
ing
mec
hani
sm e
tc.
z
Coop
erat
ion
fram
ewor
k be
twee
n th
e AU
C-RE
Cs/R
Ms a
nd o
ther
stak
ehol
ders
z
Join
t wor
k pl
an
z
Mon
itorin
g m
issio
n
z
Adeq
uate
fund
ing
allo
cate
d in
the
PCRD
fu
nd w
indo
ws t
o ad
dres
s PCR
D ne
eds
Out
put 4
.3N
eeds
of
post
-con
flict
M
embe
r Sta
tes
are
regu
larly
an
d sy
stem
at-
ical
ly a
sses
sed
and
linke
d to
re
sour
ce m
obi-
lizat
ion
effo
rts
(fina
ncia
l and
in
-kin
d)
z
Post
-con
flict
nee
ds a
sses
smen
t (PC
NA)
m
etho
dolo
gy d
efin
ed e
tc.
z
PCN
As c
ondu
cted
in p
ost-c
onfli
ct M
em-
ber S
tate
s z
Reso
urce
s ple
dged
thro
ugh
ASI/c
han-
nelle
d th
roug
h fu
ndin
g w
indo
w a
re
base
d on
ass
esse
d po
st-c
onfli
ct n
eeds
z
Asse
ssm
ent o
f PCN
A m
etho
dolo
gy &
st
ockt
akin
g of
pas
t PCN
A m
issio
ns z
Deve
lop
harm
onize
d PC
NA
z
Cond
uct P
CNA
miss
ions
in p
ost-c
onfli
ct
coun
trie
s z
Plan
inte
rven
tions
of A
UC,
REC
s/RM
s,
AULO
s, re
gion
al m
issio
ns e
tc. b
ased
on
PCN
As z
Ensu
re th
at A
UC
and
REC
prog
ram
mes
(e
.g. C
ompr
ehen
sive
Afric
a Ag
ricul
ture
De
velo
pmen
t Pro
gram
me,
Pro
gram
me
for I
nfra
stru
ctur
e De
velo
pmen
t in
Afric
a et
c.) i
n po
st-c
onfli
ct c
ount
ries a
re b
ased
on
PCN
A
z
PCN
A m
etho
dolo
gy d
ocum
ents
z
PCN
A re
port
s z
Miss
ion
repo
rts
z
Prog
ram
me
docu
men
ts (p
ropo
sals,
pro
-gr
amm
e an
d ev
alua
tion
repo
rts)
z
Adeq
uate
fund
ing
and
hum
an re
sour
ces
avai
labl
e
103
Out
put 4
.4Fi
nanc
ial a
nd
in-k
ind
reso
urc-
es a
re re
gula
rly
mob
ilise
d in
pl
edgi
ng c
onfe
r-en
ces a
nd o
ther
oc
casi
ons,
bas
ed
on p
ost-c
onfli
ct
need
s
z
Pled
ges m
ade
durin
g pl
edgi
ng c
onfe
r-en
ces
z
Conv
ene
roun
d ta
ble
reso
urce
mob
i-liz
atio
n fo
r cou
ntrie
s em
ergi
ng fr
om
conf
lict;
z
Ensu
re te
chni
cal c
apac
ities
of A
U/R
ECs
to re
ceiv
e pl
edge
s in
a tim
ely
man
ner,
and
to fo
rwar
d th
em to
reci
pien
t in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith ru
les a
nd re
gula
tions
of
AU
z
Base
reso
urce
mob
iliza
tion
on re
cent
ly
asse
ssed
pos
t-con
flict
nee
ds z
Ensu
re m
atch
ing
of p
ledg
es a
nd n
eeds
th
roug
h es
tabl
ished
mec
hani
sm
z
Min
utes
from
reso
urce
mob
iliza
tion
mee
tings
z
Pled
ge d
ocum
ents
z
AUC
mem
bers
stat
es, p
artn
ers a
nd
dono
rs a
re w
illin
g to
allo
cate
reso
urce
s fo
r the
pos
t- co
nflic
t rec
onst
ruct
ion
and
deve
lopm
ent o
f cou
ntrie
s em
ergi
ng fr
om
conf
lict
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 5
The
AU &
REC
s hav
e lim
ited
capa
citie
s to
resp
ond
to p
ost-c
onfli
ct M
embe
r Sta
tes n
eeds
by
deve
lopi
ng a
nd im
plem
entin
g co
untr
y su
itabl
e, ti
mel
y su
ppor
t mea
sure
s, d
ue to
the
follo
win
g re
ason
s:
z
AULO
s and
REC
LOs i
n M
embe
r Sta
tes h
ave
limite
d ca
paci
ties &
unc
lear
man
date
to c
lose
ly in
tera
ct w
ith M
embe
r Sta
tes o
n th
eir n
eeds
z
AU a
nd R
ECs h
ave
limite
d ca
paci
ties t
o as
sist M
embe
r Sta
tes t
hrou
gh d
evel
opm
ent &
mon
itorin
g of
tailo
r mad
e in
terv
entio
ns a
ccor
ding
to M
embe
r Sta
tes n
eeds
z
AU a
nd R
ECs h
ave
limite
d ac
cess
to e
xper
tise
in a
ll fie
lds o
f PCR
D w
hich
can
be
depl
oyed
to su
ppor
t Mem
ber S
tate
s (on
shor
t ter
m b
asis)
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 5
Capa
citie
s of A
U a
nd R
ECs t
o re
spon
d to
pos
t-con
flict
M
embe
r Sta
tes n
eeds
thro
ugh
effe
ctiv
e co
ordi
natio
n an
d de
velo
pmen
t of P
CRD
inte
rven
tions
/Mem
ber S
tate
s sup
port
ar
e en
hanc
ed
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 5
Indi
cato
r z
Num
ber o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s whi
ch a
re
supp
orte
d in
the
impl
emen
ting
of p
ol-
icie
s or s
trat
egie
s whi
ch a
re re
late
d to
PC
RD (s
ecur
ity, t
rans
ition
al ju
stic
e an
d hu
man
righ
ts, s
ocio
-eco
nom
ic re
con-
stru
ctio
n an
d de
velo
pmen
t, hu
man
itar-
ian/
emer
genc
y ai
d, g
ende
r as w
ell a
s go
vern
ance
and
dem
ocra
cy a
spec
ts)
z
Num
ber o
f PCR
D As
sista
nce
requ
ests
ad
dres
sed
by A
U a
nd R
EC z
Evid
ence
that
supp
ort t
o m
embe
r sta
te
is ba
sed
on p
ost-c
onfli
ct n
eeds
ass
ess-
men
t
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
PCRD
stra
tegi
es
z
Impl
emen
tatio
n pl
ans
z
Mon
itorin
g pl
ans
Assu
mpt
ions
z
All s
take
hold
ers a
re w
illin
g to
col
labo
rate
on
sust
aine
d im
plem
enta
tion
of P
CRD
inte
rven
tions
z
Post
-con
flict
Mem
ber S
tate
s req
uest
su
ppor
t fro
m A
U/R
ECs
z
Fund
s for
PCR
D in
terv
entio
ns a
re a
vaila
-bl
e an
d m
obili
sed
in d
ue ti
me
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 5
.1AU
and
REC
’s Li
aiso
n O
ffic
es
and
field
off
ices
ar
e eq
uipp
ed
with
rele
vant
PC
RD c
apac
ities
an
d cl
ear m
an-
date
s
z
AUC
PCRD
has
ade
quat
e ca
paci
ties i
n pl
ace
in li
ne w
ith th
e 6
pilla
rs o
f the
PC
RD P
olic
y z
Liai
son
Offi
ces a
nd fi
eld
offic
es in
po
st-c
onfli
ct c
ount
ries h
ave
adeq
uate
ca
paci
ties t
o w
ork
with
Mem
ber S
tate
s on
iden
tific
atio
n of
pos
t-con
flict
nee
ds
and
to g
ener
ate
mat
chin
g su
ppor
t via
AU
/REC
s/AS
I PCR
D ro
ster
func
tioni
ng z
Man
date
s of l
iaiso
n of
fices
and
regi
onal
m
issio
ns a
re re
gula
rly re
vise
d an
d re
flect
po
st-c
onfli
ct n
eeds
of t
he M
embe
r St
ates
z
Liai
son
Offi
ces a
nd fi
eld
offic
es a
nd
regi
onal
miss
ions
hav
e im
plem
enta
tion
stra
tegi
es in
pla
ce to
fulfi
l the
ir m
anda
te
z
Asse
ss A
UC,
REC
s/RM
s and
Lia
ison
Offi
c-es
and
fiel
d of
fices
cap
aciti
es re
quire
d fo
r add
ress
ing
PCRD
gap
s in
polic
y im
plem
enta
tion
z
Deve
lop
stra
tegi
es to
add
ress
the
capa
c-ity
gap
s ide
ntifi
ed fo
r AU
C, R
ECs/
RMs
Liai
son
Offi
ces a
nd fi
eld
offic
es z
Prov
ide
trai
ning
and
cap
acity
dev
elop
-m
ent t
o AU
LOs,
as w
ell a
s cla
rific
atio
n on
th
eir r
ole
in re
gard
s to
the
PCRD
pol
icy
impl
emen
tatio
n z
Mak
e su
re th
at P
CRD
need
s of p
ost-c
on-
flict
Mem
ber S
tate
s are
con
sider
ed in
th
e re
view
of A
ULO
s man
date
s z
Ensu
re c
oher
ence
bet
wee
n Li
aiso
ns
Offi
ces/
field
offi
ces p
rogr
amm
es a
nd
activ
ities
and
AU
C-RE
Cs/R
Ms s
trat
egie
s fo
r cou
ntry
em
ergi
ng fr
om c
onfli
ct
z
Asse
ssm
ent r
epor
t z
Recr
uitm
ent r
epor
ts z
Staf
fing
lists
z
Adeq
uate
fund
ing
is av
aila
ble
to su
ppor
t ca
paci
ty g
ap
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 3
Results Framework Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
104
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 5.2
Ca
paci
ties o
f AU
and
REC
s to
assi
st M
embe
r St
ates
in th
e de
velo
pmen
t an
d m
onito
r-in
g of
tailo
r m
ade
natio
nal,
regi
onal
, and
cr
oss-
bord
er
inte
rven
tions
ac
cord
ing
to
Mem
ber S
tate
s ne
eds e
nhan
ced
z
Tech
nica
l ass
istan
ce to
pos
t-con
flict
M
embe
r Sta
tes p
rovi
ded
thro
ugh
the
iden
tific
atio
n of
rele
vant
exp
ertis
e m
akin
g us
e of
the
PCRD
rost
er o
f exp
erts
Li
aiso
n O
ffice
s and
fiel
d of
fices
con
trib
-ut
e to
the
enha
ncem
ent o
f MS
capa
citie
s th
roug
h pe
ace
stre
ngth
enin
g pr
ojec
ts z
Sele
cted
Mem
ber S
tate
s are
supp
orte
d in
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
PCR
D pr
o-ce
sses
(sec
urity
, Tra
nsiti
onal
Just
ice,
G
over
nanc
e, G
ende
r, Hu
man
itaria
n,
soci
o-ec
onom
ic d
evel
opm
ent)
z
Nat
iona
l and
loca
l sta
keho
lder
s are
en
gage
d in
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f PCR
D po
licie
s and
stra
tegi
es z
Evid
ence
of P
CRD
Assis
tanc
e re
ques
ts
addr
esse
d by
AU
and
REC
z
Deve
lop
impl
emen
tatio
n st
rate
gies
for
all i
ndic
ativ
e el
emen
t of t
he P
CRD
polic
y fr
amew
ork
z
Assis
t Mem
ber S
tate
s upo
n re
ques
t to
deve
lop
or h
arm
onise
and
impl
emen
t na
tiona
l pol
icie
s in
the
field
of P
CRD/
peac
e bu
ildin
g, a
ligne
d w
ith re
gion
al/
cont
inen
tal p
olic
ies
z
Assis
t Mem
ber S
tate
s in
the
impl
emen
-ta
tion
of p
olic
ies a
nd p
rogr
amm
es in
the
indi
cativ
e el
emen
ts o
f PCR
D z
Enga
ge n
atio
nal,
loca
l and
oth
er st
ake-
hold
ers i
n de
velo
pmen
t of P
CRD
polic
ies
z
and
prom
ote
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
su
ch p
olic
ies
z
Enha
nce
capa
citie
s at l
evel
of A
U a
nd
RECs
as w
ell a
s Lia
ison
Offi
ces i
n in
dica
-tiv
e el
emen
ts o
f PCR
D th
roug
h tr
aini
ng
etc.
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f bes
t pra
ctic
es in
the
6 PC
RD p
illar
s
z
Impl
emen
tatio
n st
rate
gies
and
pla
ns
z
Repo
rts o
n im
plem
enta
tion
z
Eval
uatio
n/as
sess
men
t rep
orts
z
Repo
rts o
n co
untr
ies i
mpl
emen
ting
PCRD
in li
ne w
ith th
e 6
pilla
rs o
f the
co
ntin
enta
l PCR
D po
licy
z
Adeq
uate
fund
ing
is av
aila
ble
to su
ppor
t ca
paci
ty g
ap
Out
put 5
.3AU
and
REC
s ha
ve a
cces
s to
expe
rts i
n al
l in
dica
tive
ele-
men
ts o
f PCR
D an
d a
mec
ha-
nism
to d
eplo
y th
e ex
pert
ise
to p
ost-c
onfli
ct
Mem
ber S
tate
s ac
cord
ing
to
thei
r nee
ds
z
ToR
for e
xper
tise
in P
CRD
exist
ing
z
Rost
er d
evel
oped
and
fille
d w
ith q
uali-
fied
staf
f z
Num
ber o
f exp
erts
dep
loye
d vi
a th
e ro
ster
z
Expe
rtise
nee
ded
for P
CRD
and
peac
e bu
ildin
g pr
oces
ses d
efin
ed a
nd To
R de
velo
ped
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f PCR
D ro
ster
to re
spon
d to
the
6 pi
llars
of t
he P
CRD
polic
y (in
-cl
udin
g CS
Os)
z
Mec
hani
sms i
n pl
ace
to d
eplo
y ex
pert
s to
pos
t-con
flict
Mem
ber S
tate
s or A
U-
LOs/
miss
ions
z
Data
base
in p
lace
at A
UC
leve
l z
Freq
uenc
y of
pos
itive
feed
back
to
requ
ests
for d
eplo
ymen
t in
AU p
eace
su
ppor
t ope
ratio
ns
z
Tech
nica
l ass
istan
ce in
requ
este
d in
AU
pea
ce su
ppor
t ope
ratio
ns /
by A
U
Mem
ber S
tate
s
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 6
The
AU &
REC
s hav
e lim
ited
capa
citie
s to
effe
ctiv
ely
fill o
ut th
e ro
le g
iven
to th
em in
the
SSR
polic
y fr
amew
ork
due
to th
e fo
llow
ing
five
mai
n re
ason
s:
z
Regi
onal
SSR
pol
icie
s are
not
dev
elop
ed a
nd/o
r not
use
d to
stan
dard
ize a
nd h
arm
onise
nat
iona
l SSR
pol
icie
s z
AU a
nd R
ECs h
ave
limite
d ca
paci
ties t
o as
sist M
embe
r Sta
tes i
n th
e de
velo
pmen
t and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
nat
iona
l SSR
pol
icie
s and
stra
tegi
es z
AU a
nd R
ECs h
ave
limite
d ca
paci
ties t
o en
gage
with
and
brin
g to
geth
er re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs o
n al
l lev
els o
n SS
R on
the
cont
inen
t z
Stra
tegi
c do
cum
ents
& p
olic
y do
cum
ent w
hich
gui
de th
e co
nduc
t of a
rmed
forc
es in
the
field
of S
SR a
re n
ot d
evel
oped
or n
ot in
pla
ce z
AU a
nd R
ECs h
ave
limite
d ac
cess
to e
xper
tise
in a
ll fie
lds o
f SSR
whi
ch c
an b
e de
ploy
ed to
supp
ort M
embe
r Sta
tes o
r Afr
ican
led
PSO
s
105
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
AU a
nd R
ECs h
ave
the
capa
citie
s to
effe
ctiv
ely
fulfi
l the
ir ro
le a
s de
fined
in th
e SS
R po
licy
fram
ewor
k
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
Indi
cato
r z
Num
ber o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s sup
port
ed in
impl
e-m
entin
g SS
R po
licy
z
Evid
ence
of S
SR a
ssist
ance
requ
ests
add
ress
ed
by A
U a
nd R
ECs
z
SSR
proc
esse
s sup
port
ed b
y AU
/REC
s are
gen
der
sens
itive
z
Num
ber o
f req
uire
d ci
vilia
n SS
R ex
pert
s pro
vid-
ed in
supp
ort o
f AU
pea
ce su
ppor
t ope
ratio
ns
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Repo
rts
z
SSR
Proj
ect/
Prog
ram
me
docu
men
ts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
and
capa
citie
s am
ong
Mem
ber
Stat
es to
em
bark
on
SSR
pro
cess
es z
Avai
labi
lity
of
fund
s and
of
qual
ified
hum
an
reso
urce
s (m
ilita
ry
and
civi
lian)
Out
puts
Out
put I
ndic
ator
sSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 6
.1Re
gion
al S
SR
polic
ies a
re
deve
lope
d an
d se
rve
as
inst
rum
ents
for
stan
dard
izat
ion
and
harm
onis
a-tio
n of
nat
iona
l SS
R po
licie
s
z
Regi
onal
SSR
pol
icie
s are
in p
lace
and
bas
ed o
n co
ntin
enta
l pol
icy
z
Num
ber o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s tha
t alig
ned
thei
r po
licie
s to
AU/R
EC S
SR p
olic
ies
z
Deve
lop
regi
onal
SSR
and
gov
erna
nce
fram
e-w
orks
to a
ssist
MS
to c
ompl
y w
ith c
ontin
enta
l po
licy
fram
ewor
k (S
SR P
olic
y) z
AU in
col
labo
ratio
n w
ith R
ECs,
RM
s fac
ilita
te a
nd
supp
ort M
S al
ign
natio
nal p
olic
ies w
ith A
U a
nd
regi
onal
pol
icy
fram
ewor
k on
SSR
z
RECs
, RM
s, in
col
labo
ratio
n w
ith M
S de
velo
p m
echa
nism
s for
mon
itorin
g an
d re
port
ing
on
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
AU
SSR
gui
delin
es a
nd
guid
ance
not
es
z
Repo
rts o
n M
S al
igne
d na
tiona
l pol
icie
s with
AU
SS
R z
Repo
rts o
n de
velo
ped
mec
hani
sm fo
r mon
itor-
ing
and
repo
rtin
g th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of A
U S
SR
guid
elin
es a
nd g
uida
nce
note
s
z
Will
ingn
ess o
f MS
to a
lign
thei
r pol
-ic
ies t
o re
gion
al
and
natio
nal p
oli-
cy fr
amew
orks
Out
put 6
.2Ca
paci
ties o
f AU
and
REC
s to
assi
st M
embe
r St
ates
in th
e de
-ve
lopm
ent a
nd
impl
emen
tatio
n of
nat
iona
l SS
R po
licie
s,
stra
tegi
es a
nd
prog
ram
mes
are
en
hanc
ed
z
SSR
asse
ssm
ent t
ools
and
guid
ance
not
es in
pl
ace
z
Best
pra
ctic
es g
ener
ated
and
diss
emin
ated
for
SSR
z
Evid
ence
of t
rans
fer o
f rel
evan
t ski
lls d
urin
g th
e SS
R tr
aini
ng w
orks
hops
and
oth
er c
apac
ity
build
ing
exer
cise
s
z
Deve
lop
and
oper
atio
nalis
e SS
R po
licy
and
best
pr
actic
e do
cum
ents
z
Deve
lop
SSR
asse
ssm
ent t
ools,
gui
danc
e no
tes,
be
st p
ract
ices
, eva
luat
ion
tem
plat
es, t
rain
ing
mod
ules
and
oth
er S
SR im
plem
enta
tion
tool
s (S
SR P
olic
y) z
Assis
t in
the
mob
iliza
tion
of fu
ndin
g an
d ot
her
reso
urce
s for
impl
emen
tatio
n of
SSR
pro
cess
in
MS
(SSR
Pol
icy)
z
Assis
t in
asse
ssm
ent,
impl
emen
tatio
n, m
oni-
torin
g an
d ev
alua
ting
SSR
proc
esse
s in
MS
(SSR
Po
licy)
z
Assis
t MS
in h
oldi
ng n
atio
nal,
loca
l, an
d ot
her
stak
ehol
der m
eetin
gs to
bui
ld c
onse
nsus
on
impl
emen
tatio
n of
SSR
pol
icie
s z
prom
ote
impl
emen
tatio
n of
regi
onal
and
na-
tiona
l sec
urity
pol
icie
s and
stra
tegi
es b
ased
on
dem
ocra
tic p
rinci
ples
, hum
an se
curit
y ne
eds,
re
spec
t for
hum
an ri
ghts
and
inte
rnat
iona
l hu
man
itaria
n la
w (b
y na
tiona
l and
regi
onal
st
akeh
olde
rs)
z
Cond
uct S
SR tr
aini
ng w
orks
hops
with
REC
s, M
S,
and
othe
r rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s (SS
R Po
licy)
z
RECs
to p
rovi
de fi
nanc
ial s
uppo
rt fo
r ins
titut
ion-
al c
apac
ity b
uild
ing,
inte
grat
ed M
&E
syst
ems
whi
ch c
an b
e lin
ked
to e
arly
war
ning
and
situ
a-tio
nal a
naly
sis (S
SR P
olic
y)
z
Repo
rts o
n SS
R re
ques
t add
ress
ed z
Repo
rts o
n SS
R as
sista
nce
deliv
ered
with
in th
e fr
amew
ork
of P
SOs
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s re
ques
t for
or
agre
e to
the
sup-
port
of A
U/R
ECs
for n
atio
nal S
SR
proc
esse
s
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 3
Results Framework Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
106
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 6.3
AU a
nd R
ECs
brin
g to
geth
er
rele
vant
SSR
st
akeh
olde
rs o
n th
e co
ntin
ent
z
Evid
ence
of e
xper
ienc
e sh
ared
rele
vant
to
AU
C an
d RE
Cs/R
Ms
z
Evid
ence
of a
gree
men
ts w
ith U
N a
nd
othe
r int
erna
tiona
l act
ors o
n co
mm
on
enga
gem
ent i
n SS
R pr
oces
ses
z
RECs
to d
esig
nate
an
SSR
foca
l poi
nt to
co
ordi
nate
SSR
act
iviti
es in
MS
and
with
AU
& in
tern
atio
nal c
omm
uniti
es (S
SR
Polic
y) z
Prov
ide
a co
ntin
enta
l dia
logu
e fo
rum
for
exch
ange
of n
atio
nal S
SR e
xper
ienc
es
(SSR
Pol
icy)
z
AU a
nd R
ECs t
o co
llabo
rate
with
UN
and
ot
her i
nter
natio
nal p
artn
ers a
nd st
ake-
hold
ers i
n al
l asp
ects
of s
ecur
ity se
ctor
re
form
and
esp
ecia
lly th
ose
aspe
cts o
f SS
R th
at a
ffect
the
Afric
an c
ontin
ent (
SSR
Polic
y) z
Enga
ge in
tern
atio
nal p
artn
ers w
ith th
e vi
ew to
enc
oura
ge th
em to
be
acco
unt-
able
to th
eir a
gree
d co
mm
itmen
ts in
su
ppor
t of t
he S
SR a
ctiv
ities
of M
S (S
SR
Polic
y)
z
Min
utes
/doc
umen
tatio
n fr
om c
ontin
en-
tal d
ialo
gue
foru
m z
Min
utes
/doc
umen
tatio
n fr
om e
ngag
e-m
ent w
ith U
N a
nd o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l st
akeh
olde
rs
z
Will
ingn
ess o
f oth
er st
akeh
olde
rs to
en
gage
mea
ning
ful o
n SS
R w
ith A
U a
nd
RECs
Out
put 6
.4St
rate
gies
and
po
licy
docu
-m
ents
that
gu
ide
the
con-
duct
of a
rmed
fo
rces
in th
e fie
ld o
f SSR
are
de
velo
ped
z
Cont
inen
tal c
ode
of c
ondu
ct fo
r arm
ed
forc
es in
pla
ce z
Deve
lop
a co
ntin
enta
l cod
e of
con
duct
fo
r Afr
ican
arm
ed fo
rces
, sec
urity
inst
itu-
tions
and
AU
miss
ions
, a m
anua
l on
SSR
best
pra
ctic
es in
Afr
ica,
and
gui
danc
e on
ha
rmon
izatio
n of
nat
iona
l sec
urity
, in
part
ners
hip
with
the
UN
(SSR
Pol
icy)
z
Code
of c
ondu
ct z
Man
ual o
n SS
R be
st p
ract
ices
on
the
cont
inen
t
z
Will
from
stak
ehol
ders
to e
ngag
e in
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f the
cod
e of
con
duct
z
Adeq
uate
hum
an a
nd fi
nanc
ial r
esou
rces
ar
e av
aila
ble
Out
put 6
.5Ro
ster
of A
fric
an
expe
rts o
n SS
R is
in p
lace
and
fu
nctio
nal
z
SSR
expe
rts a
re a
vaila
ble
and
read
y fo
r de
ploy
men
t to
Mem
ber S
tate
s or A
fri-
can-
led
PSO
s
z
Crea
te, m
aint
ain
and
upda
te a
rost
er o
f Af
rican
exp
erts
on
SSR
incl
udin
g on
pill
ar
expe
rts (
Defe
nce,
Pol
ice,
etc
.)
z
Data
base
in p
lace
at A
UC
leve
l z
Freq
uenc
y of
pos
itive
feed
back
to re
-qu
ests
for d
eplo
ymen
t in
AU P
SOs
z
SSR
tech
nica
l ass
istan
ce is
requ
este
d in
AU
PSO
s
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 7
The
AUC,
REC
s/RM
s and
Mem
ber S
tate
s hav
e lim
ited
capa
citie
s to
resp
ond
to D
DR c
halle
nges
with
in th
e Af
rican
con
tinen
t due
to 3
mai
n re
ason
s: z
DDR
proc
esse
s are
not
suffi
cien
tly p
rom
oted
at n
atio
nal a
nd lo
cal l
evel
s; z
AU a
nd R
ECs/
RMs a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes h
ave
limite
d ca
paci
ties i
n DD
R; z
Civi
lian
DDR
expe
rtise
is n
ot fu
lly in
stitu
tiona
lised
in A
U p
eace
supp
ort o
pera
tions
107
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 3
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 7
Enha
nced
cap
aciti
es o
f AU
C, R
ECs/
RMs a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes
to m
eet t
he D
DR c
halle
nges
in p
ost-c
onfli
ct A
fric
an c
ount
ries
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 7
Indi
cato
r z
Num
ber o
f DDR
Ass
istan
ce re
ques
ts
addr
esse
d by
AU
and
REC
s z
Num
ber o
f AU
and
REC
s DDR
exp
ertis
e de
ploy
ed w
ithin
pea
ce su
ppor
t ope
ra-
tions
z
Num
ber o
f DDR
doc
umen
ts d
evel
oped
an
d co
ntin
enta
l dia
logu
e pl
atfo
rms
faci
litat
ed z
Evid
ence
of r
equi
red
DDR
expe
rtise
pr
ovid
ed in
supp
ort t
o AU
pea
ce su
ppor
t op
erat
ions
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Repo
rts o
n ca
paci
ty e
nhan
cem
ent o
f AU,
RE
Cs a
nd M
embe
r Sta
tes i
n DD
R z
Repo
rts o
n DD
R re
ques
ts a
ddre
ssed
z
Repo
rts o
f DDR
ass
istan
ce d
eliv
ered
w
ithin
the
fram
ewor
k of
pea
ce su
ppor
t op
erat
ions
z
Repo
rts o
f for
ums a
nd d
evel
opm
ent o
f do
cum
ents
Assu
mpt
ions
z
AU a
nd R
ECs a
ddre
ss m
embe
r sta
te’s
requ
ests
in D
DR a
s wel
l as r
eque
sts
with
in th
e fr
amew
ork
of p
eace
supp
ort
oper
atio
ns
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 7
.1DD
R pr
oces
ses
prom
oted
at n
a-tio
nal a
nd lo
cal
leve
ls
z
Num
ber o
f cou
ntrie
s pro
mot
ing
and
impl
emen
ting
DDR
stra
tegi
es z
Supp
ort t
he p
lann
ing
and
impl
emen
t of
com
preh
ensiv
e an
d w
ell-b
lend
ed d
isar-
mam
ent,
dem
obili
zatio
n, re
habi
litat
ion
and
rein
tegr
atio
n pr
ogra
ms,
as a
bas
is fo
r con
solid
atin
g sa
fety
and
secu
rity
z
Supp
ortin
g th
e de
velo
pmen
t of g
ende
r aw
are
and
child
pro
tect
ion
mai
nstr
eam
in
DDR
am
ong
natio
nal,
loca
l and
oth
er
stak
ehol
ders
z
Prov
idin
g te
chni
cal s
taff
to su
ppor
t the
de
velo
pmen
t and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
DD
R pr
ogra
ms.
z
Repo
rts o
n en
gage
men
t of s
take
hold
ers
on d
evel
opm
ent o
f DDR
stra
tegi
es z
Evid
ence
on
prov
ision
of a
ssist
ance
to
wom
en a
nd c
hild
ren
in D
DR p
rogr
ams
z
Num
ber o
f sta
ff de
ploy
ed
z
Nat
iona
l, lo
cal a
nd o
ther
stak
ehol
d-er
s pro
mot
e im
plem
enta
tion
of D
DR
proc
esse
s
Out
put 7
.2
AU,R
ECs/
RMs
and
Mem
ber
Stat
es c
apac
ities
en
hanc
ed in
DD
R
z
Num
ber o
f mem
ber s
tate
s sup
port
ed in
im
plem
entin
g DD
R po
licie
s z
Enga
ge N
atio
nal,
loca
l and
oth
er st
ake-
hold
ers o
n de
velo
pmen
t of D
DR p
olic
ies
z
Deve
lopm
ent a
nd o
pera
tiona
lizat
ion
of
DDR
polic
ies
z
Prom
ote
and
supp
ort p
roce
sses
on
impl
emen
tatio
n of
DDR
pol
icie
s
z
Repo
rts o
n co
untr
ies i
mpl
emen
ting
DDR
polic
ies
z
Repo
rts o
n de
velo
pmen
t and
ope
ratio
n-al
izatio
n of
DDR
pol
icie
s z
Repo
rts o
n im
plem
enta
tion
of D
DR
polic
ies
z
AU, R
Ms a
nd R
ECs u
se th
eir e
nhan
ced
capa
citie
s to
prom
ote
DDR
proc
esse
s
Out
put 7
.3Ci
vilia
n DD
R ex
-pe
rtis
e is
inst
itu-
tiona
lised
in A
U
peac
e su
ppor
t op
erat
ions
z
Evid
ence
of q
ualit
y hu
man
reso
urce
in
the
rost
er z
Crea
te, m
aint
ain
and
upda
te a
rost
er o
f Af
rican
exp
erts
on
DDR
z
Data
base
in p
lace
at A
UC
leve
l z
Freq
uenc
y of
pos
itive
feed
back
to
requ
ests
for d
eplo
ymen
t in
AU p
eace
su
ppor
t ope
ratio
ns
z
DDR
tech
nica
l ass
istan
ce in
requ
este
d in
AU
pea
ce su
ppor
t ope
ratio
ns
Results Framework Strategic Priority 3: Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peace Building
108
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020
4Re
sults
Fra
mew
ork
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 4:
St
rate
gic
Secu
rity
Issu
es
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
Indi
cato
rsSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
To c
ontr
ibut
e to
enh
anci
ng th
e tim
elin
ess a
nd e
ffect
ive-
ness
of t
he re
spon
se to
stra
tegi
c se
curit
y ch
alle
nges
by
all
stak
ehol
ders
z
Evid
ence
of e
ffect
ive
polic
ies,
pro
gram
s an
d ca
paci
ties b
eing
dev
elop
ed a
nd
impl
emen
ted
to a
ddre
ss tr
ansn
atio
nal
thre
ats
z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes i
ncor
pora
t-in
g/im
plem
entin
g ge
nder
dim
ensio
ns
in S
ALW
con
trol
pro
gram
mes
incl
udin
g na
tiona
l pla
ns, n
atio
nal c
omm
issio
ns,
legi
slatio
n, d
ata
on a
rms a
nd v
iole
nce
agai
nst w
omen
and
vul
nera
ble
grou
ps.
z
Polic
y an
d pr
ogra
mm
e do
cum
ents
z
SALW
con
trol
pro
gram
me
docu
men
ts
(nat
iona
l pla
ns, c
omm
issio
n re
port
s) z
Law
s on
SALW
con
trol
z
Repo
rts o
n da
ta o
n ar
ms a
nd g
en-
der-b
ased
vio
lenc
e
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 1
Li
mite
d ef
fect
iven
ess i
n ad
dres
sing
illic
it flo
ws o
f SAL
W d
ue to
: z
Lega
l and
pol
icy
inst
rum
ents
to a
ddre
ss th
e ill
icit
flow
of w
eapo
ns a
re n
ot d
omes
ticat
ed;
z
Wea
k op
erat
iona
l cap
aciti
es o
f mem
bers
stat
es to
pre
vent
, det
ect a
nd re
spon
d to
illic
it SA
LW tr
affic
king
and
circ
ulat
ion;
z
Insu
ffici
ent u
pdat
ed re
sear
ch, d
ata
and
anal
ysis
on tr
affic
king
and
circ
ulat
ion
of il
licit
SALW
to su
ppor
t evi
denc
e-ba
sed
prog
ram
min
g; z
Lack
of a
com
preh
ensiv
e m
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n ca
paci
ty w
ith re
gard
s to
illic
it SA
LW c
ontr
ol in
terv
entio
ns;
z
Abse
nce
of a
n ef
fect
ive
law
enf
orce
men
t coo
pera
tion
and
coor
dina
tion
mec
hani
sm w
ith a
con
tinen
tal a
nd su
b-re
gion
al (R
ECs)
scop
e to
faci
litat
e in
ter-s
tate
coo
pera
tion;
z
Lim
ited
capa
citie
s of P
SOs i
n m
anag
ing
and
acco
untin
g fo
r wea
pons
and
impl
emen
ting
illic
it SA
LW c
ontr
ol in
terv
entio
ns;
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 1
Inte
grat
ed, c
ompr
ehen
sive
and
sust
aina
ble
polic
ies a
nd
mea
sure
s to
addr
ess t
he il
licit
flow
of S
ALW
are
effe
ctiv
ely
impl
emen
ted
in li
ne w
ith in
tern
atio
nal i
nstr
umen
ts a
nd b
est
prac
tices
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes m
arki
ng
arm
s and
mai
ntai
ning
reco
rds;
z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes c
oope
ratin
g in
arm
s tra
cing
and
seizu
re;
z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes s
ecur
ing
arm
s sto
ckpi
les;
z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes a
dopt
ing
leg-
islat
ion
and
mea
sure
s to
regu
late
arm
s ow
ners
hip
and
tran
sfer
s, a
nd c
rimin
aliz
-in
g ill
icit
activ
ities
; z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes’
ow
ners
hip
and
finan
cial
con
trib
utio
n to
nat
iona
l po
licie
s and
pro
gram
mes
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Bian
nual
PSC
Rep
ort t
o th
e AU
Ass
embl
y on
the
stat
e of
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Af
rica
z
Them
atic
AU
C Ch
airp
erso
n re
port
s to
the
PSC
z
Repo
rts b
y RE
Cs a
nd R
egio
nal B
odie
s
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s hav
e th
e w
ill a
nd th
e ca
paci
ty to
mar
k ar
ms,
mai
ntai
n re
cord
s an
d se
cure
stoc
kpile
s z
Mem
ber S
tate
s hav
e th
e ca
paci
ty a
nd
the
will
to m
ake
fund
s ava
ilabl
e fo
r na
tiona
l pol
icie
s and
pro
gram
mes
on
SALW
con
trol
109
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 4
Results Framework Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsAc
tiviti
es/s
trat
egie
sSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 1
.1Le
gal i
nstr
u-m
ents
to a
d-dr
ess t
he il
licit
flow
of w
eapo
ns
are
effe
ctiv
ely
dom
estic
ated
z
Fina
ncia
l, te
chni
cal a
nd o
pera
tiona
l ga
ps a
t nat
iona
l and
regi
onal
leve
ls ar
e id
entif
ied
z
Resp
onse
mea
sure
s to
addr
ess t
he g
aps
agre
ed u
pon
z
Lega
l and
regu
lato
ry in
stru
men
ts d
evel
-op
ed z
Invo
lvem
ent/
cons
ulta
tion
of w
omen
gr
oups
in d
evel
opm
ent o
f leg
islat
ion
and
prov
ision
s for
the
prev
entio
n/pe
naliz
a-tio
n of
Gen
der-b
ased
vio
lenc
e (G
BV) i
n na
tiona
l leg
islat
ion
z
Stre
ngth
ened
coo
rdin
atio
n in
itiat
ives
: bi
-ann
ual S
teer
ing
Com
mitt
ee m
eetin
gs z
Mob
iliza
tion
of fi
nanc
ial a
nd te
chni
cal
reso
urce
s for
Mem
ber S
tate
s z
Dire
ct te
chni
cal s
uppo
rt to
mem
bers
st
ates
z
Repo
rts o
f the
Ste
erin
g Co
mm
ittee
on
SALW
/DDR
z
AUC/
RECs
hav
ing
the
requ
ired
hum
an
and
finan
cial
reso
urce
s to
assu
me
an
effe
ctiv
e co
ordi
natio
n ro
le
z
Dono
r int
eres
t and
com
mitm
ent
Out
put 1
.2O
pera
tiona
l ca
paci
ties a
re
built
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s hav
e te
chni
cal a
nd
oper
atio
nal s
kills
to m
ark
arm
s, m
aint
ain
reco
rds,
secu
re a
rms s
tock
pile
s, re
gula
te
arm
s ow
ners
hip,
coo
pera
te in
arm
s tr
acin
g, e
tc.
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s hav
e ac
quire
d th
e sk
ill
nece
ssar
y to
evi
denc
e-ba
sed
prog
ram
-m
ing
z
Perc
enta
ge o
f wom
en tr
aine
d on
SAL
W
cont
rol i
ssue
s and
wom
en w
orki
ng in
su
ppor
ted
natio
nal p
rogr
amm
es
z
Prov
idin
g op
erat
iona
l sup
port
to p
riorit
y in
terv
entio
ns in
SAL
W c
ontr
ol (t
rain
ing,
pu
rcha
se o
f equ
ipm
ent,
deve
lopm
ent o
f gu
idel
ines
, etc
.)
z
Trai
ning
cur
ricul
a an
d re
port
s z
Repo
rts t
o th
e As
sem
bly
and
PSC
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s abi
lity
to c
apita
lize
on
supp
ort p
rovi
ded
Out
put 1
.3Co
mpr
ehen
sive
kn
owle
dge
on th
e flo
w o
f ill
icit
SALW
on
the
cont
inen
t is
avai
labl
e
z
Info
rmat
ion
on il
licit
SALW
supp
liers
, fi-
nanc
iers
and
faci
litat
ors a
s wel
l as t
rans
it po
ints
and
reci
pien
ts is
com
pile
d z
Stud
ies h
ighl
ight
gap
s and
cha
lleng
es
that
und
erm
ine
stat
es c
apac
ities
to
addr
ess t
he il
licit
SALW
flow
z
Data
gat
here
d/re
port
s pro
duce
d on
GBV
an
d im
pact
of i
llici
t/m
isuse
of S
ALW
on
wom
en, g
irls,
chi
ldre
n an
d vu
lner
able
gr
oups
z
Com
miss
ioni
ng o
f exp
ert s
tudi
es in
col
-la
bora
tion
with
REC
s/RM
s and
rese
arch
gr
oups
z
Com
pila
tion
of re
port
s and
dat
a fr
om
RECs
, RM
s and
rese
arch
gro
ups
z
Valid
atio
n of
find
ings
z
Draf
ting
sugg
este
d st
rate
gic
resp
onse
s z
Evid
ence
bas
ed p
lann
ing
z
Publ
icat
ion
of A
UC
stud
y z
Avai
labi
lity
of d
onor
or M
embe
r Sta
te
fund
ing
z
Rele
vant
exp
ertis
e is
loca
ted
in A
fric
a z
Colla
bora
tion
with
Afr
ican
and
inte
r-na
tiona
l illi
cit a
rms t
rack
ing
CSO
s and
re
sear
ch in
stitu
tes
z
Colla
bora
tion
with
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
z
Coop
erat
ion
of M
embe
r Sta
tes i
n re
-se
arch
and
dat
a ga
ther
ing
Out
put 1
.4
Mon
itorin
g ca
paci
ty in
SA
LW c
ontr
ol
esta
blis
hed
z
Basic
gui
delin
es d
evel
oped
, agr
eed
upon
and
inte
grat
ed in
to p
roje
ct d
esig
n,
incl
udin
g as
sess
men
t and
eva
luat
ion
of
gend
er d
imen
sions
z
Cons
olid
ated
info
rmat
ion
on S
ALW
con
-tr
ol a
ctiv
ities
com
pile
d
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f bas
ic g
uide
lines
for t
he
inte
grat
ion
of e
valu
atio
n an
d as
sess
men
t in
pro
ject
des
ign
by A
U/R
ECs/
RMs
z
Bien
nial
repo
rts o
n SA
LW c
ontr
ol su
p-po
rt b
y AU
/REC
s/RM
s and
par
tner
s
z
Publ
icat
ion
of g
uide
lines
z
Publ
icat
ion
of re
port
s z
Coop
erat
ion
of M
embe
r Sta
tes a
nd
impl
emen
ting
agen
cies
in e
valu
atio
n an
d as
sess
men
ts z
Hum
an a
nd fi
nanc
ial c
apac
ities
at t
he
AUC/
RECs
leve
l to
man
age
know
ledg
e
110
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 1.5
PSO
s cap
acity
to
man
age
wea
p-on
s hol
ding
an
d st
ockp
iles
and
impl
emen
t SA
LW c
ontr
ol
inte
rven
tions
bu
ilt
z
SOPs
/gui
delin
es d
evel
oped
, val
idat
ed
and
adop
ted
z
PSO
s man
date
s inc
lusiv
e of
arm
s man
-ag
emen
t com
pone
nts
z
PSO
s acq
uirin
g th
e sk
ills n
eces
sary
to
impl
emen
t SAL
W c
ontr
ol in
terv
entio
ns
incl
udin
g re
spon
se to
SAL
W/G
BV
z
Tech
nica
l sup
port
to P
SOs i
n de
velo
ping
SO
Ps a
nd g
uide
lines
to m
anag
e an
d ac
coun
t for
wea
pons
z
Tech
nica
l sup
port
to P
SOs i
n st
ream
linin
g SA
LW c
ontr
ol in
to C
onO
ps a
nd m
issio
n m
anda
te
z
Trai
ning
and
ope
ratio
nal s
uppo
rt to
PSO
s in
impl
emen
ting
man
date
d SA
LW c
ontr
ol
inte
rven
tions
z
Regu
lar P
SOs r
epor
ts to
the
PSC
z
Publ
icat
ion
of g
uide
lines
z
PSO
man
date
and
Con
Ops
z
Com
mitm
ent o
f PSO
s/TC
C/PS
C to
ac-
coun
tabi
lity
in a
rms m
anag
emen
t z
Com
mitm
ent b
y do
nors
to su
ppor
t ar
ms m
anag
emen
t com
pone
nts o
f PSO
m
anda
tes
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 2
Inab
ility
of M
embe
r Sta
tes t
o fu
lly m
eet t
heir
oblig
atio
ns u
nder
the
Anti-
Pers
onne
l lan
dmin
es C
onve
ntio
n an
d th
e Co
nven
tion
on C
lust
er M
uniti
ons d
ue to
: z
Lim
ited
tech
nica
l and
ope
ratio
nal c
apac
ities
of M
embe
r Sta
tes t
o im
plem
ent m
ine
actio
n pr
ogra
mm
es;
z
Lack
of i
nteg
rate
d an
d su
stai
nabl
e po
licie
s and
pro
gram
mes
to su
ppor
t vic
tims o
f lan
dmin
es a
nd U
XO;
z
Abse
nce
of in
ter-s
tate
mod
aliti
es a
nd a
gree
men
ts to
cle
ar m
ines
in b
orde
r are
as;
z
Abse
nce
of re
gion
al m
echa
nism
s/pl
atfo
rms t
o m
obili
ze re
sour
ces a
nd fo
ster
sout
h-so
uth
coop
erat
ion;
z
Lim
ited
expe
rtise
, fin
anci
al a
nd o
pera
tiona
l res
ourc
es a
t the
leve
l of P
SOs t
o de
al w
ith th
e th
reat
of I
ED a
nd U
XO;
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 2
Min
e ac
tion
and
coun
ter-
IED/
expl
osiv
es m
anag
emen
t pro
-gr
amm
es a
re im
plem
ente
d by
affe
cted
Mem
ber S
tate
s and
PS
Os i
n an
inte
grat
ed a
nd su
stai
nabl
e m
anne
r
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes p
rogr
ess t
o-w
ards
thei
r cle
aran
ce d
eadl
ines
/tar
gets
z
Evid
ence
of v
ictim
s’ a
ssist
ance
pol
icie
s an
d pr
ogra
mm
es z
Evid
ence
of p
artic
ipat
ion
of w
omen
in
natio
nal m
ine
actio
n z
Conc
lusio
n of
agr
eem
ents
and
dev
elop
-m
ent o
f cro
ss-b
orde
r dem
inin
g pr
ojec
ts
z
Reso
urce
s mob
ilize
d th
roug
h th
e So
uth-
Sout
h co
oper
atio
n pl
atfo
rm
z
Perc
enta
ge o
f IED
s det
ecte
d an
d di
s-po
sed
by A
U-P
SOs
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Prog
ress
repo
rts s
ubm
itted
by
Mem
ber
Stat
es to
the
resp
onsib
le in
tern
atio
nal
bodi
es z
Repo
rts b
y U
NM
AS a
nd im
plem
entin
g ag
enci
es z
PSO
s inc
iden
t rep
orts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Com
mitm
ent a
nd c
apac
ity o
f Mem
ber
Stat
es to
impl
emen
t effe
ctiv
e m
ine
actio
n pr
ogra
ms
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsAc
tiviti
es/s
trat
egie
sSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 2
.1Te
chni
cal a
nd
oper
atio
nal
capa
citie
s of
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
impl
emen
t m
ine
actio
n pr
o-gr
ams a
re b
uilt
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s pra
ctiti
oner
s hav
e ac
-qu
ired
the
skill
s and
reso
urce
s nec
essa
ry
to im
plem
ent m
ine
actio
n pr
ogra
mm
es
z
Colla
bora
tion
with
Min
e Ac
tion
cent
res
to d
eliv
er tr
aini
ng to
mem
ber s
tate
pr
actit
ione
rs z
Prov
ision
of d
emin
ing
and
trai
ning
eq
uipm
ent t
o af
fect
ed M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Deliv
ery
of tr
aini
ng o
n va
rious
Min
e Ac
tion
com
pone
nts (
awar
enes
s, p
rogr
am
man
agem
ent,
land
min
e im
pact
surv
eys,
ge
nder
mai
nstr
eam
ing,
etc
.)
z
Trai
ning
repo
rts (
incl
udin
g as
sess
men
t of
effe
ctiv
e tr
ansf
er o
f ski
lls)
z
Capa
city
of m
ine
actio
n ce
ntre
s to
trai
n pr
actit
ione
rs z
Abili
ty o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s to
utili
ze a
nd
capi
taliz
e on
tech
nica
l and
ope
ratio
nal
supp
ort p
rovi
ded
111
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 4
Results Framework Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
Out
put 2
.2Vi
ctim
ass
is-
tanc
e pr
o-gr
amm
es a
re
inte
grat
ed in
to
natio
nal p
olic
ies
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s acq
uirin
g th
e ne
cess
ary
know
ledg
e to
dev
elop
vic
tims a
ssist
ance
po
licie
s, le
gisla
tion
and
prog
ram
mes
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s dev
elop
ing
vict
ims a
ssis-
tanc
e co
mpo
nent
s tai
lore
d sp
ecifi
cally
fo
r wom
en a
nd c
hild
ren
z
Tech
nica
l sup
port
and
trai
ning
to M
em-
ber S
tate
s on
deve
lopi
ng a
nd su
stai
ning
vi
ctim
s ass
istan
ce p
rogr
amm
es
z
Deve
lopm
ent a
nd d
issem
inat
ion
of
guid
elin
es a
nd b
est p
ract
ices
on
vict
ims
assis
tanc
e
z
Curr
icul
a an
d re
port
s of t
rain
ing
sess
ions
z
Publ
icat
ion
of g
uide
lines
z
Activ
e en
gage
men
t and
col
labo
ratio
n of
the
rele
vant
AU
dep
artm
ents
(Soc
ial
Affa
irs) a
nd A
U a
genc
ies (
Afric
an re
habi
l-ita
tion
Inst
itute
) z
Com
mitm
ent o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s to
ad-
dres
sing
need
s of m
ine
vict
ims
Out
put 2
.3
Agre
emen
t re
ache
d an
d pr
ojec
ts d
evel
-op
ed to
dem
ine
bord
er a
reas
z
Cros
s-bo
rder
coo
pera
tion
agre
emen
t co
nclu
ded
z
Faci
litat
e th
e co
nclu
sion
of in
ters
tate
ag
reem
ents
to su
rvey
and
dem
ine
bor-
der r
egio
ns u
nder
the
ausp
ices
of t
he A
U
Bord
er P
rogr
am
z
Docu
men
tatio
n of
the
agre
emen
ts z
Proj
ect d
ocum
ents
(pro
posa
ls, re
port
s an
d ev
alua
tions
)
z
Com
mitm
ent,
coop
erat
ion
and
tran
s-pa
renc
y of
con
cern
ed st
ates
to b
orde
r de
min
ing
initi
ativ
es z
Capa
city
of t
he A
U, R
ECs a
nd p
artn
ers i
n de
velo
ping
, man
agin
g an
d co
ordi
natin
g bo
rder
are
as d
emin
ing
prog
ram
s
Out
put 2
.4
Sout
h-So
uth
Coop
erat
ion
plat
form
and
co
ntin
enta
l re-
sour
ce m
obili
za-
tion
mod
aliti
es
esta
blis
hed
z
Stra
tegy
and
impl
emen
tatio
n m
odal
ities
va
lidat
ed b
y ex
pert
s z
Pled
ges m
ade
by d
onor
s and
inte
rna-
tiona
l par
tner
s
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f the
sout
h-so
uth
coop
-er
atio
n st
rate
gy a
nd im
plem
enta
tion
mod
aliti
es
z
Conv
enin
g of
bie
nnia
l don
or c
onfe
renc
es
and
sout
h-so
uth
coop
erat
ion
plat
form
s
z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
ts z
Pled
ge d
ocum
enta
tion
z
Hum
an a
nd fi
nanc
ial c
apac
ity o
f the
AU
/RE
Cs to
man
age
the
plat
form
z
Inte
rest
and
com
mitm
ent o
f Mem
ber
Stat
es a
nd d
onor
s to
enha
nce
sout
h-so
uth
coop
erat
ion
Out
put 2
.5Co
unte
r-IE
D ex
pert
ise
and
equi
pmen
t in
tegr
ated
into
PS
O m
anda
tes
and
supp
ort
pack
ages
z
PSO
s man
date
s inc
lusiv
e of
arm
s man
-ag
emen
t and
cou
nter
-IED
com
pone
nts
z
% o
f wom
en w
ho a
cqui
red
know
ledg
e on
cou
nter
-IED
and
expl
osiv
e m
anag
e-m
ent a
nd %
of w
omen
serv
ing
in th
e re
leva
nt u
nits
z
Tech
nica
l sup
port
to P
SOs i
n st
ream
linin
g co
unte
r-IED
and
exp
losiv
es m
anag
emen
t in
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f Con
Ops
z
Mob
iliza
tion
of te
chni
cal a
nd o
pera
tiona
l su
ppor
t to
capa
cita
te P
SOs i
n th
e ar
ea o
f co
unte
r-IED
and
exp
losiv
es m
anag
emen
t
z
PSO
s man
date
s z
Trai
ning
repo
rts (
incl
udin
g as
sess
men
t of
effe
ctiv
e tr
ansf
er o
f ski
lls)
z
Com
mitm
ent o
f PSO
s/TC
C/PS
C to
en
hanc
ing
PSO
s cap
acity
in e
xplo
sives
m
anag
emen
t and
cou
nter
-IED
z
Com
mitm
ent b
y do
nors
to su
ppor
t ex-
plos
ives
man
agem
ent a
nd c
ount
er-IE
D
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 3
Lim
ited
effe
ctiv
enes
s in
impl
emen
ting
the
inte
rnat
iona
l reg
imes
on
WM
D di
sarm
amen
t and
non
-pro
lifer
atio
n du
e to
: z
Lega
l and
pol
icy
inst
rum
ents
aga
inst
WM
D ar
e no
t dom
estic
ated
; z
Wea
k op
erat
iona
l and
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ities
of m
embe
rs st
ates
; z
Insu
ffici
ent r
esea
rch
and
data
on
the
thre
at a
nd ri
sks o
f illi
cit c
hem
ical
, bio
logi
cal a
nd n
ucle
ar p
rolif
erat
ion
and
traf
ficki
ng;
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 3
Inst
rum
ents
and
pol
icie
s to
addr
ess W
MD
disa
rmam
ent a
nd
non-
prol
ifera
tion
are
effe
ctiv
ely
impl
emen
ted
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e In
dica
tors
z
Tech
nica
l ass
istan
ce a
nd tr
aini
ng p
ro-
vide
d to
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
dom
estic
ate
lega
l and
ope
ratio
nal a
spec
ts o
f the
in
tern
atio
nal i
nstr
umen
ts a
gain
st W
MD
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s est
ablis
hing
/des
igna
ting
the
requ
ired
impl
emen
tatio
n m
echa
-ni
sms/
bodi
es
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s rep
orts
to th
e bo
dies
ad
min
ister
ing
the
regi
mes
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Inte
rest
and
com
mitm
ent o
f Mem
ber
Stat
es in
impl
emen
ting
inte
rnat
iona
l re
gim
es a
gain
st W
MDs
112
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
tsO
utpu
ts In
dica
tors
Activ
ities
/str
ateg
ies
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
Assu
mpt
ions
Out
put 3
.1Le
gal i
nstr
u-m
ents
to
addr
ess W
MD
disa
rmam
ent
and
non-
pro-
lifer
atio
n ar
e ef
fect
ivel
y do
mes
ticat
ed
z
Tech
nica
l and
ope
ratio
nal g
aps a
t nat
ion-
al a
nd re
gion
al le
vels
are
iden
tifie
d z
Lega
l and
regu
lato
ry in
stru
men
ts d
evel
-op
ed
z
Colla
bora
tion
with
the
inte
rnat
iona
l bod
-ie
s to
sens
itize
stat
es, i
dent
ify g
aps a
nd
chan
nel a
ssist
ance
to M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Mob
iliza
tion
of te
chni
cal a
nd o
pera
tion-
al re
sour
ces f
or M
embe
r Sta
tes f
rom
do
nors
and
inte
rnat
iona
l par
tner
s
z
Repo
rts o
f wor
ksho
ps a
nd a
sses
smen
t m
issio
ns to
stat
es z
Mem
ber s
tate
s rep
orts
to th
e bo
dies
ad
min
ister
ing
the
regi
mes
z
Annu
al re
port
s of b
odie
s adm
inist
erin
g th
e re
gim
es
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s allo
catin
g th
e re
quire
d hu
man
and
fina
ncia
l cap
aciti
es to
impl
e-m
ent W
MD
rela
ted
regi
mes
Out
put 3
.2Co
mpr
ehen
sive
kn
owle
dge
on
the
risks
and
th
reat
s of c
hem
-ic
al, b
iolo
gica
l an
d nu
clea
r pr
olife
ratio
n an
d tr
affic
king
is
avai
labl
e
z
Info
rmat
ion
and
data
on
illic
it tr
affic
king
ne
twor
ks, i
ncid
ents
and
secu
rity
gaps
is
com
pile
d z
Stud
ies h
ighl
ight
gap
s and
cha
lleng
es
that
und
erm
ine
stat
es c
apac
ities
to
dom
estic
ate
regi
mes
aga
inst
WM
D
z
Com
miss
ioni
ng o
f exp
ert s
tudi
es z
Com
pila
tion
of re
port
s and
dat
a av
aila
-bl
e w
ith th
e in
tern
atio
nal b
odie
s
z
Publ
icat
ion
of st
udie
s z
Avai
labi
lity
of d
ata
and
coop
erat
ion
of
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
rese
arch
and
evi
denc
e ga
ther
ing
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 4
Inef
fect
ive
and
unsu
stai
nabl
e co
unte
r-ter
roris
m e
ffort
s due
to:
z
Abse
nce
of a
n ef
fect
ive
rule
of l
aw-b
ased
crim
inal
just
ice
resp
onse
to te
rror
ism;
z
Poor
cap
aciti
es a
nd tr
aini
ng o
f law
enf
orce
men
t age
ncie
s to
impl
emen
t pre
vent
ive
and
resp
onse
mea
sure
s to
terr
orist
act
s;
z
Lack
of i
nteg
rate
d ap
proa
ches
to p
reve
nt ra
dica
lizat
ion,
add
ress
the
cond
ition
s con
duci
ve to
the
spre
ad o
f ter
roris
m a
nd e
ngag
e ci
vil s
ocie
ty;
z
Poor
coo
rdin
atio
n an
d co
llabo
ratio
n am
ong
stat
es in
pol
icy,
legi
slativ
e an
d op
erat
iona
l cou
nter
-terr
orism
mea
sure
s;
z
Abse
nce
of ri
goro
us a
nd u
pdat
ed o
pera
tiona
l res
earc
h an
d an
alys
is th
at in
form
s pol
icy
deve
lopm
ent a
nd re
spon
se m
easu
res ;
z
Abse
nce
of a
n in
clus
ive
cont
inen
tal p
latfo
rm to
coo
rdin
ate
Coun
ter T
erro
rism
act
ion
amon
g M
embe
r Sta
tes,
REC
s, d
onor
s and
ass
istan
ce p
rovi
ders
;
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 4
Nat
iona
l and
regi
onal
cou
nter
-ter
roris
m m
easu
res a
re e
ffec-
tive
in p
reve
ntin
g an
d re
spon
ding
to te
rror
ist a
cts
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of M
S au
thor
ities
foili
ng te
rror
-ist
act
s z
Evid
ence
of t
erro
rism
cas
es in
vest
igat
ed
and
trie
d in
cou
rts
z
Evid
ence
of C
SO in
volv
emen
t in/
supp
ort
for n
atio
nal c
ount
er-te
rror
ism e
ffort
s z
Evid
ence
of i
nter
-sta
te c
oope
ratio
n in
te
rror
ism in
vest
igat
ions
and
tria
ls z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes s
harin
g an
d ut
ilizin
g in
telli
genc
e, re
port
s and
stud
ies
on te
rror
ism a
nd c
ount
er-te
rror
ism z
Evid
ence
of e
ffect
ive
supp
ort a
nd c
oor-
dina
tion
prov
ided
to M
embe
r Sta
tes b
y do
nors
, par
tner
s and
REC
s z
Evid
ence
of d
e-ra
dica
lizat
ion
initi
ativ
es
by R
ECs
z
Evid
ence
of p
rogr
amm
es im
plem
ente
d by
cou
nter
vio
lent
ext
rem
ism (C
VE)
initi
ativ
es
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Deba
tes a
nd re
port
s on
terr
orism
at
Nat
iona
l Par
liam
ents
z
Tria
l doc
umen
tatio
n z
Repo
rts f
rom
CSO
s z
Dono
rs’ r
epor
ts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Com
mitm
ent o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s to
coun
ter-t
erro
rism
bas
ed o
n a
rule
-of-l
aw
appr
oach
z
Com
mitm
ent o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s to
effe
c-tiv
ely
shar
e in
telli
genc
e
113
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 4
Results Framework Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 4
.1Le
gal i
nstr
u-m
ents
to
addr
ess c
oun-
ter-
terr
oris
m
are
effe
ctiv
ely
dom
estic
ated
an
d cr
imin
al
just
ice
syst
ems
stre
ngth
ened
z
Stat
us o
f rat
ifica
tion
of th
e in
tern
atio
nal
inst
rum
ents
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s pra
ctiti
oner
s hav
e ac
-qu
ired
the
know
ledg
e an
d sk
ill n
eces
sary
to
impl
emen
t goo
d pr
actic
es o
n cr
imin
al
just
ice
Repo
nses
to te
rror
ism
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s dev
elop
and
impl
emen
t st
rate
gies
/pra
ctic
es ta
king
into
con
sider
-at
ion
wom
en’s
role
in C
ount
er Te
rror
ism
z
Legi
slativ
e su
ppor
t to
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
ratif
ying
and
dom
estic
atin
g re
gion
al a
nd
inte
rnat
iona
l ant
i-crim
e an
d co
unte
r-ter
-ro
rism
inst
rum
ents
z
Trai
ning
and
cap
acity
bui
ldin
g su
ppor
t to
judg
es, p
rose
cuto
rs a
nd la
w e
nfor
ce-
men
t age
nts i
n in
tegr
atin
g an
d im
ple-
men
ting
esse
ntia
l com
pone
nts a
nd b
est
prac
tices
on
crim
inal
just
ice
resp
onse
s to
terr
orism
, rul
e of
law
and
hum
an ri
ghts
(c
rimin
aliza
tion,
inve
stig
atio
ns, c
oope
ra-
tion,
det
entio
n, tr
ials,
cor
rect
ions
, etc
.)
z
Repo
rts o
f leg
islat
ive
assis
tanc
e m
issio
ns
and
prog
ram
mes
z
Repo
rts a
nd re
cord
s of t
rain
ing
pro-
gram
mes
z
Com
mitm
ent o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s to
coun
ter-t
erro
rism
bas
ed o
n a
rule
-of-l
aw
appr
oach
Out
put 4
.2Ca
paci
ties o
f la
w e
nfor
ce-
men
t age
ncie
s to
impl
emen
t pr
even
tive
and
resp
onse
mea
s-ur
es to
terr
oris
t ac
ts a
re b
uilt
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s pra
ctiti
oner
s hav
e ac
quire
d th
e kn
owle
dge
and
skill
to p
re-
vent
and
resp
ond
to te
rror
ist a
cts
z
% o
f wom
en c
apac
itate
d
z
Trai
ning
and
supp
ort t
o la
w e
nfor
cem
ent
agen
cies
in p
reve
ntin
g an
d re
spon
ding
to
terr
orist
act
s (in
form
atio
n an
d in
telli
-ge
nce
gath
erin
g an
d an
alys
is, p
rote
ctio
n of
sens
itive
site
s, in
vest
igat
ions
and
ev
iden
ce g
athe
ring
and
prot
ectio
n,
coun
terin
g IE
Ds, a
nti-m
oney
laun
derin
g an
d co
unte
ring
the
finan
cing
of t
erro
r-ism
, rec
ruitm
ent a
nd in
tern
et a
buse
, em
erge
ncy
resp
onse
, hum
an ri
ghts
sa
fegu
ards
, etc
.)
z
Trai
ning
cur
ricul
a an
d re
port
s z
Abili
ty o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s to
utili
ze a
nd
capi
taliz
e on
the
supp
ort p
rovi
ded
Out
put 4
.3N
atio
nal a
nd re
-gi
onal
inte
grat
-ed
stra
tegi
es to
pr
even
t rad
ical
-iz
atio
n, a
ddre
ss
the
cond
ition
s co
nduc
ive
to
the
spre
ad o
f te
rror
ism
and
ci
vil s
ocie
ty
enga
gem
ent a
re
deve
lope
d
z
Cond
ition
s con
duci
ve to
the
spre
ad o
f te
rror
ism h
arm
onize
d in
to n
atio
nal a
nd
regi
onal
cou
nter
terr
orism
stra
tegi
es a
nd
wor
kpla
ns z
Man
date
s of r
egio
nal c
oope
rativ
e co
unte
r-ter
roris
m o
pera
tions
und
er th
e AU
and
REC
s aus
pice
s are
inte
grat
ed a
nd
holis
tic
z
Cons
ulta
tive
and
incl
usiv
e pl
atfo
rms t
o de
velo
p co
ntex
t-spe
cific
app
roac
hes a
nd
prog
ram
mes
to p
reve
nt ra
dica
lizat
ion
and
recr
uitm
ent a
nd a
ddre
ss c
ondi
tions
co
nduc
ive
to th
e sp
read
of t
erro
rism
and
pr
even
ting
radi
caliz
atio
n z
Early
reco
very
, cou
nter
-rad
ical
izatio
n an
d co
mm
unity
eng
agem
ent c
ompo
nent
s st
ream
lined
into
regi
onal
coo
pera
tive
coun
ter-t
erro
rism
ope
ratio
ns
z
Min
utes
from
mee
tings
z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
ts z
Abili
ty a
nd c
omm
itmen
t of t
he A
UC
and
RECs
to c
oord
inat
e th
eir a
ctio
n
114
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 4.4
Enha
nced
ju
dici
al a
nd o
p-er
atio
nal c
oop-
erat
ion
amon
g M
embe
r Sta
tes
and
regi
ons
z
Info
rmat
ion
shar
ed, p
riorit
ies a
nd g
aps
iden
tifie
d an
d co
oper
ativ
e re
spon
se
mea
sure
s agr
eed
upon
z
ConO
ps o
f reg
iona
l sec
urity
ope
ratio
ns
and
endo
rsem
ent b
y th
e PS
C z
Deci
sions
and
dire
ctiv
es is
sued
by
the
PSC
in re
spon
se to
ann
ual r
epor
ts o
f M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Agre
emen
t rea
ched
rega
rdin
g ex
trad
i-tio
n an
d ju
dici
al c
oope
ratio
n z
Endo
rsem
ent b
y th
e AU
Com
miss
ion
on
Inte
rnat
iona
l Law
and
the
AU C
onfe
r-en
ce o
f Min
ister
s of J
ustic
e an
d At
tor-
neys
Gen
eral
z
Stre
ngth
enin
g an
d su
stai
ning
con
sul-
tatio
n an
d co
oper
atio
n pl
atfo
rms f
or
inte
llige
nce
shar
ing
and
coor
dina
tion
and
harm
oniza
tion
of c
ount
er-te
rror
ism
effo
rts
z
z
Polit
ical
and
ope
ratio
nal s
uppo
rt to
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f coo
pera
tive
regi
onal
co
unte
r-ter
roris
m o
pera
tions
and
inte
l-lig
ence
shar
ing
mec
hani
sms i
nclu
ding
w
ithin
the
fram
ewor
k of
CIS
SA, A
CSRT
Fo
cal P
oint
s and
the
Nou
akch
ott a
nd
Djib
outi
Proc
esse
s z
Ope
ratio
naliz
atio
n of
the
role
of t
he P
SC
purs
uant
to th
e 20
04 P
roto
col a
nd th
e re
leva
nt c
omm
uniq
ués
z
Supp
ort t
o th
e ha
rmon
izatio
n of
legi
s-la
tion
and
othe
r int
er-s
tate
mod
aliti
es
rega
rdin
g ex
trad
ition
and
arr
est w
arra
nts
z
Ope
ratio
naliz
atio
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of a
n Af
rican
Arr
est W
arra
nt a
gain
st
indi
vidu
als a
ccus
ed o
f ter
roris
t act
s;
z
Cons
ulta
tion
min
utes
and
repo
rts
z
PSC
deci
sions
and
repo
rts
z
Docu
men
tatio
n re
late
d to
the
extr
adi-
tion
and
judi
cial
coo
pera
tion
agre
emen
t z
AUC
deci
sions
and
repo
rts (
AU C
omm
is-sio
n on
Inte
rnat
iona
l Law
and
AU
Con
fer-
ence
of M
inist
ers)
z
Will
ingn
ess o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s and
trus
t am
ongs
t the
m to
coo
pera
te o
n co
unte
r te
rror
ism is
sues
Out
put 4
.5Co
mpr
ehen
sive
kn
owle
dge
and
anal
ysis
av
aila
ble
on
terr
oris
t gro
ups
mod
us-o
per-
andi
, age
ndas
an
d st
ruct
ures
; re
crui
tmen
t and
fin
anci
ng m
eth-
ods,
and
ana
ly-
sis o
f tre
nds
z
Info
rmat
ion
on te
rror
ist g
roup
s, fi
nanc
i-er
s and
col
labo
rato
rs a
nd in
terli
nkag
es
with
org
anize
d cr
ime
is co
mpi
led
z
Stud
ies h
ighl
ight
gap
s and
cha
lleng
es
that
und
erm
ine
stat
es c
apac
ities
to
prev
ent t
erro
rist a
cts
z
Und
erta
king
of s
tudi
es fo
cusin
g on
the
role
of w
omen
and
con
cept
s of g
ende
r in
terr
orism
and
cou
nter
-terr
orism
z
Com
miss
ioni
ng o
f per
iodi
c an
d th
emat
ic
expe
rt re
sear
ch a
nd st
udie
s z
Foca
l Poi
nts d
esig
nate
d by
Mem
ber
Stat
es to
the
ACSR
T an
d in
form
atio
n sh
ared
regu
larly
z
Subm
issio
n by
Mem
ber S
tate
s of t
heir
annu
al re
port
s pur
suan
t to
the
2004
Pr
otoc
ol
z
Coun
ter-t
erro
rism
har
mon
ized
and
inte
-gr
ated
into
CEW
S z
ACSR
T co
unte
r ter
roris
m S
ituat
ion
Room
op
erat
iona
lized
z
Asse
ssm
ent a
nd e
valu
atio
n m
issio
n to
M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Publ
icat
ion
of A
UC
stud
y z
Capa
city
of t
he A
UC/
RECs
to d
evel
op
know
ledg
e an
d w
illin
gnes
s of M
embe
r St
ates
to c
oope
ratio
n on
dat
a ga
ther
ing
Out
put 4
.6Ef
fect
ive
coor
di-
natio
n m
echa
-ni
sm e
stab
lishe
d am
ong
stat
es,
RECs
, don
ors
and
assi
stan
ce
prov
ider
s in
iden
tifyi
ng
and
alig
ning
pr
iorit
ies a
nd
allo
catio
n of
re
sour
ces
z
Prio
ritie
s and
gap
s ide
ntifi
ed a
nd re
-sp
onse
mea
sure
d ag
reed
upo
n z
Stee
ring
Com
mitt
ee p
ropo
sal e
ndor
sed
and
ToR
of th
e st
eerin
g co
mm
ittee
ad
opte
d
z
Conv
enin
g of
the
annu
al C
onsu
ltativ
e Co
unte
r-Ter
roris
m F
orum
z
Esta
blish
men
t of t
he A
U-R
ECs S
teer
ing
Com
mitt
ee o
n Co
unte
r-ter
roris
m a
nd
TOC
z
Supp
ortin
g RE
Cs to
repl
icat
e th
e ef
fort
s at
AU
leve
ls z
Esta
blish
ing
sub-
regi
on c
oope
ratio
n/co
-or
dina
tion
cent
res a
t REC
s lev
els
z
Repo
rt o
f the
CT
foru
m
z
ToR
of th
e St
eerin
g Co
mm
ittee
z
PSC
com
mun
iqué
end
orsin
g th
e es
tab-
lishm
ent o
f the
Ste
erin
g Co
mm
ittee
z
Will
ingn
ess o
f reg
iona
l and
inte
rnat
iona
l ac
tors
to jo
in a
nd a
ctiv
ely
part
icip
ate
in th
e co
ordi
natio
n pl
atfo
rm u
nder
the
AUC
umbr
ella
115
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 4
Results Framework Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 5
In
effe
ctiv
e an
d in
com
plet
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e in
tern
atio
nal i
nstr
umen
ts o
n an
ti-m
oney
laun
derin
g an
d co
unte
ring
the
finan
cing
of t
erro
rism
due
to:
z
Fina
ncia
l Int
ellig
ence
Uni
t (FI
Us)
are
abs
ent,
unde
rtra
ined
, und
erst
affe
d or
lack
a c
lear
man
date
and
pow
ers t
o en
forc
e AM
L/CF
T m
easu
res;
z
Inad
equa
te in
ter-s
tate
coo
pera
tion
on A
ML/
CFT
issue
s inc
ludi
ng o
n ju
dici
al, i
nstit
utio
nal a
nd o
pera
tiona
l mat
ters
; z
Regu
lato
ry a
nd o
pera
tiona
l cha
lleng
es to
add
ress
AM
L/CF
T in
the
info
rmal
sect
or a
nd c
ash-
base
d ec
onom
y; z
Inad
equa
te re
gula
tory
mea
sure
s to
addr
ess t
he v
ulne
rabi
lity
of n
on-p
rofit
org
aniza
tions
to a
buse
by
terr
orist
s; z
Poor
cap
aciti
es a
nd in
tegr
ated
app
roac
hes t
o ad
dres
s pro
ceed
s of c
rimin
al a
ctiv
ities
such
as e
nviro
nmen
tal c
rimes
, tra
ffick
ing
and
smug
glin
g;
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 5
Inte
rnat
iona
l leg
al in
stru
men
ts a
nd re
com
men
datio
ns o
f th
e FA
TF a
nd th
e H
igh
Leve
l Pan
el o
n Ill
icit
Fina
ncia
l Flo
ws
reco
mm
enda
tions
are
fully
and
effe
ctiv
ely
impl
emen
ted
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes d
evel
opin
g an
d en
forc
ing
natio
nal l
egisl
atio
n an
d pr
actic
es o
n AM
L/CF
T z
Evid
ence
of F
IU a
nd L
EAs a
dequ
atel
y ca
paci
tate
d to
fulfi
l the
ir m
anda
te
z
Evid
ence
of p
reve
ntiv
e an
d re
spon
se
mea
sure
s to
deal
with
AM
L/CF
T in
the
info
rmal
eco
nom
y an
d ch
arity
est
ablis
h-m
ents
and
oth
er d
esig
nate
d no
n-fin
an-
cial
bus
ines
ses a
nd p
rofe
ssio
ns (D
NFB
Ps)
z
Evid
ence
of e
ffect
ive
polic
ies a
nd p
rac-
tices
link
ing
anti-
envi
ronm
enta
l crim
e ef
fort
s to
AML/
CFT
z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
susp
icio
us tr
ansa
c-tio
n re
port
s rec
eive
d by
FIU
s z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
aw
aren
ess o
f AM
L/CF
T am
ong
repo
rtin
g en
titie
s
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Annu
al re
port
by
MS
purs
uant
to th
e 20
04 P
roto
col o
n te
rror
ism z
Mut
ual E
valu
atio
ns o
f the
FATF
z
Repo
rts b
y U
N a
genc
ies a
nd S
ecur
ity
Coun
cil b
odie
s z
Repo
rts c
omm
issio
ned
by th
e AU
Con
fer-
ence
of F
inan
ce M
inist
ers a
nd re
leva
nt
AU S
TC
Assu
mpt
ions
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsAc
tiviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 5
.1
Fina
ncia
l Int
ellig
ence
Uni
t (F
IUs)
are
est
ablis
hed,
ca
paci
ty b
uilt
and
effe
ctiv
e m
anda
tes p
rovi
ded
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s rec
eive
as-
sista
nce
requ
ired
to d
evel
op
legi
slatio
n an
d re
gula
tions
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s acq
uire
kn
owle
dge
and
skill
s nec
es-
sary
to im
plem
ent i
nter
na-
tiona
l sta
ndar
ds a
nd b
est
prac
tices
z
Faci
litat
e th
e de
liver
y of
tech
nica
l and
le
gisla
tive
supp
ort t
o M
embe
r Sta
tes
in e
stab
lishi
ng F
IUs a
nd d
evel
opin
g/st
reng
then
ing
thei
r man
date
and
ope
ra-
tiona
l mod
aliti
es
z
Trai
ning
to F
IUs a
nd fi
nanc
ial e
stab
lish-
men
ts in
impl
emen
ting
FATF
reco
m-
men
datio
ns, r
ecom
men
datio
ns o
f the
Hi
gh L
evel
Pan
el o
n Ill
icit
Fina
ncia
l Flo
ws
and
the
Inte
rnat
iona
l Con
vent
ion
for
the
Supp
ress
ion
of th
e Fi
nanc
ing
of
Terr
orism
z
Legi
slativ
e su
ppor
t miss
ions
repo
rts
z
Chai
rper
son
repo
rt to
the
PSC
on c
oun-
ter-t
erro
rism
z
Trai
ning
cur
ricul
a an
d re
port
s
z
Inte
rest
of M
embe
r Sta
tes i
n de
velo
ping
ac
tive
FIU
s
116
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 5.2
Effe
ctiv
e in
ter-
stat
e co
op-
erat
ion
on A
ML/
CFT
issu
es in
-cl
udin
g on
judi
-ci
al, i
nstit
utio
nal
and
oper
atio
nal
mat
ters
z
Agre
emen
ts re
ache
d an
d m
easu
res
adop
ted
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s acq
uire
kno
wle
dge
and
skill
s to
enha
nce
coop
erat
ion
z
Faci
litat
e re
gula
r for
ums/
sess
ions
to fo
s-te
r exc
hang
es, c
omm
on u
nder
stan
ding
an
d ap
proa
ches
to e
nhan
ce in
ter-s
tate
co
oper
atio
n z
Join
t tra
inin
g fo
r Mem
ber S
tate
s on
inte
rnat
iona
l coo
pera
tion
in ju
dici
al
mat
ters
rega
rdin
g AM
L/CF
T
z
Wor
ksho
p re
port
s z
mee
tings
con
clus
ions
/dec
lara
tions
z
Trai
ning
cur
ricul
a an
d re
port
s
z
Will
ingn
ess o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s and
trus
t am
ongs
t the
m to
coo
pera
tion
on is
sues
of
AM
L/CF
T
Out
put 5
.3Ef
fect
ive
regu
la-
tory
and
ope
ra-
tiona
l mea
sure
s im
plem
ente
d to
add
ress
AM
L/CF
T in
the
info
rmal
sect
or
and
cash
-bas
ed
econ
omy
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s acq
uire
the
know
ledg
e an
d sk
ills n
eces
sary
to a
ddre
ss A
ML/
CFT
with
in th
e co
ntex
t of t
he in
form
al se
ctor
an
d ca
sh c
ourie
rs
z
Deve
lop
oper
atio
nal g
uida
nce
note
s and
co
mpi
le b
est p
ract
ices
to a
ssist
Mem
-be
r Sta
tes a
ddre
ss A
ML/
CFT
with
in th
e co
ntex
t of t
he in
form
al se
ctor
and
cro
ss
bord
er tr
ansp
orta
tions
of c
urre
ncy
z
Join
t tra
inin
gs to
add
ress
cas
h co
urie
rs
and
cros
s bor
der c
ross
-bor
der t
rans
por-
tatio
ns o
f cur
renc
y
z
Publ
icat
ion
of g
uide
lines
z
Trai
ning
cur
ricul
a an
d re
port
s z
Reco
gniti
on b
y M
embe
r Sta
tes o
f the
ne
ed to
hav
e ef
fect
ive
mea
sure
s to
deal
w
ith A
ML/
CFT
in th
e in
form
al se
ctor
Out
put 5
.4Ef
fect
ive
regu
lato
ry a
nd
tran
spar
ency
m
easu
res i
mpl
e-m
ente
d to
pre
-ve
nt th
e ab
use
of n
on-p
rofit
or
gani
zatio
ns
z
Mem
ber s
tate
s rec
eive
ass
istan
ce
requ
ired
to d
evel
op le
gisla
tion
and
regu
latio
ns z
Non
-Pro
fit O
rgan
izatio
ns a
nd C
SO a
c-qu
ire th
e sk
ills a
nd k
now
ledg
e ne
cess
ary
to p
reve
nt a
buse
z
Tech
nica
l and
legi
slativ
e su
ppor
t to
Mem
ber S
tate
s in
regu
latin
g op
erat
ions
of
non
-pro
fit o
rgan
izatio
ns z
Trai
ning
to n
on-p
rofit
org
aniza
tions
and
CS
Os o
n tr
ansp
aren
cy a
nd p
reve
ntin
g ab
use
for t
erro
rist f
inan
cing
pur
pose
s
z
Legi
slativ
e su
ppor
t miss
ions
repo
rts
z
Chai
rper
son
repo
rt to
the
PSC
on c
oun-
ter-t
erro
rism
z
Trai
ning
cur
ricul
a an
d re
port
s
z
Reco
gniti
on b
y M
embe
r Sta
tes o
f the
ne
ed to
hav
e ef
fect
ive
mea
sure
s to
deal
w
ith A
ML/
CFT
in th
e no
n-pr
ofit
sect
or
Out
put 5
.5La
w e
nfor
ce-
men
t age
ncie
s in
clud
ing
polic
e,
judi
ciar
y, p
ros-
ecut
ion
etc.
are
ca
paci
tate
d
z
LEAs
in M
embe
r Sta
tes a
cqui
re sk
ills t
o in
vest
igat
e an
d pr
osec
ute
mon
ey la
un-
derin
g cr
imes
z
Asse
ssm
ent o
f cap
aciti
es n
eede
d z
Map
ping
of r
elev
ant L
EAs o
n th
e AM
L/CF
T z
Sens
itisa
tion
exer
cise
s on
AML/
CFT
trai
n-in
g w
orks
hop
z
Asse
ssm
ent/
wor
ksho
p an
d tr
aini
ng
repo
rts
z
Polit
ical
will
to su
ppor
t ant
i-mon
ey la
un-
derin
g is
prov
ided
Out
put 5
.6
Effe
ctiv
e po
licie
s an
d gu
idel
ines
de
velo
ped
to
addr
ess t
erro
rist
finan
cing
from
en
viro
nmen
tal
crim
es, t
raf-
ficki
ng a
nd
smug
glin
g
z
Info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e on
terr
orist
s spo
n-so
rs a
nd so
urce
s of f
inan
cing
z
Regi
onal
app
roac
hes/
initi
ativ
es d
evel
-op
ed a
nd a
dopt
ed
z
Com
miss
ion/
supp
ort s
tudi
es a
nd
rese
arch
to id
entif
y tr
ends
in te
rror
ism
finan
cing
and
gap
s in
resp
onse
mea
sure
s z
Faci
litat
e th
e de
velo
pmen
t of i
nteg
rate
d an
d co
mpr
ehen
sive
appr
oach
es a
nd
polic
ies t
o ad
dres
s ter
roris
m fi
nanc
ing
thro
ugh
envi
ronm
enta
l crim
es, t
raffi
ck-
ing
and
smug
glin
g
z
Publ
icat
ion
of re
sear
ch fi
ndin
gs
z
Mee
ting
repo
rts/
conc
lusio
ns/r
ecom
-m
enda
tions
z
Proj
ect d
ocum
ents
/con
cept
pap
ers
z
Capa
city
of t
he re
leva
nt n
atio
nal a
utho
r-iti
es to
coo
rdin
ate
thei
r act
ion
117
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 4
Results Framework Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 6
Wea
k in
tegr
atio
n of
mar
itim
e se
curit
y po
licy
into
APS
A du
e to
3 m
ain
reas
ons:
z
Abse
nce
of a
Pla
n of
Act
ion
for t
he O
pera
tiona
lizat
ion
of th
e 20
50 A
IM S
trat
egy;
z
Mar
itim
e se
curit
y is
not e
ffect
ivel
y m
ains
trea
med
into
CEW
S; z
RECs
stra
tegi
es o
n m
ariti
me
secu
rity
are
not a
ligne
d to
AIM
S 20
50.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
The
2050
Afr
ica’
s Int
egra
ted
Mar
itim
e St
rate
gy (A
IMS)
is
fully
inte
grat
ed in
to A
PSA
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of t
he A
UC
deve
lopi
ng a
n im
-pl
emen
tatio
n m
atrix
and
Mem
ber S
tate
s ad
optin
g a
Plan
for t
he O
pera
tiona
liza-
tion
of th
e 20
50 A
IMS
z
Evid
ence
of r
evise
d CE
WS
indi
cato
rs a
nd
guid
elin
es z
Evid
ence
of R
ECs d
evel
opin
g an
d ad
opt-
ing
harm
onize
d st
rate
gies
on
mar
itim
e se
curit
y
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
AUC
Chai
rper
son
repo
rt to
AU
Ass
embl
y z
Revi
sed
CEW
S Ha
ndbo
ok a
nd S
OPs
z
REC
harm
oniza
tion
wor
ksho
p re
port
s an
d ef
fect
ive
harm
onize
d st
rate
gies
on
mar
itim
e se
curit
y
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Activ
e su
ppor
t of E
COW
AS, E
CCAS
and
th
e Gu
lf of
Gui
nea
Com
miss
ion
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsAc
tiviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 6
.1Pl
an o
f Act
ion
for t
he O
per-
atio
naliz
atio
n of
the
2050
AI
M S
trat
egy
is e
ffect
ivel
y im
plem
ente
d
z
Impl
emen
tatio
n m
atrix
of A
IMS
is dr
afte
d z
Deve
lopi
ng a
nd a
dopt
ing
a Pl
an o
f Ac
tion
for t
he O
pera
tiona
lizat
ion
of th
e 20
50 A
IM S
trat
egy
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith
AU A
ssem
bly
Dec.
496
(XXI
I)
z
AU C
hairp
erso
n re
port
to A
U A
ssem
bly
z
Coor
dina
tion
by A
UC
Out
put 6
.2M
ariti
me
secu
-rit
y is
effe
ctiv
ely
mai
nstr
eam
ed
into
CEW
S
z
CEW
S In
dica
tors
’ Mod
ule
is am
ende
d z
CEW
S Ha
ndbo
ok is
revi
sed
z
Amen
ding
the
CEW
S In
dica
tors
’ Mod
ule
(dat
a co
llect
ion
and
mon
itorin
g) z
Revi
sing
the
CEW
S Ha
ndbo
ok
z
Amen
ded
CEW
S In
dica
tors
’ Mod
ule
z
Revi
sed
CEW
S Ha
ndbo
ok
Out
put 6
.3RE
Cs st
rate
gies
on
mar
itim
e se
curit
y ar
e al
igne
d to
AIM
S 20
50
z
RECs
stra
tegi
es o
n m
ariti
me
secu
rity,
part
icul
arly
on
pira
cy, a
rmed
robb
ery
and
othe
r z
illeg
al a
ctiv
ities
com
mitt
ed a
t sea
, con
-sis
tent
with
the
2050
AIM
Str
ateg
y, ar
e de
signe
d
z
Harm
onizi
ng R
ECs s
trat
egie
s on
mar
itim
e se
curit
y th
roug
h re
gion
al w
orks
hops
z
RECs
stra
tegi
es o
n m
ariti
me
secu
rity
z
Will
and
cap
acity
from
REC
s to
alig
n th
eir
stra
tegi
es
118
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Pr
oble
m d
efin
ition
7Po
or c
oord
inat
ion
in c
omba
ting
Tran
snat
iona
l Org
anize
d Cr
ime
(TO
C) a
nd a
nti-c
yber
crim
e po
licy
miss
ing
due
to 8
mai
n re
ason
s: z
Lega
l ins
trum
ents
to a
ddre
ss T
OC
are
not e
ffect
ivel
y do
mes
ticat
ed;
z
Lega
l cod
es to
add
ress
TO
C ar
e w
eak;
z
Ther
e is
a la
ck o
f inf
orm
atio
n, a
naly
sis a
nd re
spon
se o
ptio
ns fo
r mem
bers
stat
es a
nd R
ECs/
RMs w
ith re
gard
to T
OC;
z
The
nexu
s bet
wee
n TO
C, te
rror
ism a
nd v
iole
nt e
xtre
mism
is n
ot w
ell k
now
n; z
Lega
l ins
trum
ents
to a
ddre
ss c
yber
crim
e ar
e no
t effe
ctiv
ely
dom
estic
ated
; z
AUC
Chai
rper
son
repo
rt o
n cy
ber s
ecur
ity is
not
tabl
ed;
z
Abse
nce
of n
atio
nal c
yber
secu
rity
fram
ewor
ks;
z
Abse
nce
of R
EC a
nd R
EC-t
oREC
agr
eem
ents
on
mut
ual a
ssist
ance
in c
omba
ting
cybe
r crim
e.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 7
Coop
erat
ion
and
coor
dina
tion
of c
omba
ting
Tran
snat
iona
l O
rgan
ised
Crim
e (T
OC)
is st
reng
then
ed a
nd a
con
tinen
tal
anti-
cybe
r crim
e po
licy
is a
ctiv
ely
prom
oted
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of r
atifi
catio
n an
d do
mes
ti-ca
tion
of le
gal i
nstr
umen
ts o
n TO
C an
d cy
ber c
rime
in M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Evid
ence
of t
he e
stab
lishm
ent –
in c
ol-
labo
ratio
n w
ith A
FRIP
OL
– of
a re
gion
al
TOC
cent
re z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes e
ffici
ently
ad
dres
sing
the
nexu
s bet
wee
n TO
C an
d te
rror
ism a
nd v
iole
nt e
xtre
mism
z
Evid
ence
of M
embe
r Sta
tes a
dopt
ing
cybe
r crim
e fr
amew
orks
z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
REC
-to-
REC
assis
-ta
nce
in c
omba
ting
cybe
r crim
e
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Mem
ber S
tate
repo
rts a
nd A
UC
ratif
ica-
tion
regi
ster
z
AUC
Chai
rper
son
repo
rts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Coop
erat
ion
with
the
UN
Offi
ce o
n Dr
ugs
and
Crim
e (U
NO
DC)
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsAc
tiviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 7
.1Le
gal i
nstr
u-m
ents
to
addr
ess T
OC
are
effe
ctiv
ely
dom
estic
ated
z
Ratif
icat
ion
regi
ster
is c
ompi
led
z
Annu
al re
port
ing
by M
embe
r Sta
tes t
o AU
C z
AUC
web
site
on st
atus
of l
egal
doc
u-m
ents
z
Coor
dina
tion
by A
UC
Out
put 7
.2Le
gal c
odes
are
st
reng
then
ed to
ad
dres
s TO
C
z
AU/R
ECs c
onfe
renc
e on
map
ping
of l
egal
co
des i
s org
anise
d z
Org
anise
map
ping
of s
tatu
s quo
and
id
entif
y ar
eas f
or fo
llow
-up
activ
ities
z
Conf
eren
ce d
ocum
enta
tion
Out
put 7
.3An
Afr
ican
TO
C Ce
ntre
und
er
the
aegi
s of
AFRI
POL
is
esta
blis
hed
z
Cent
re (s
imila
r to
ACSR
T in
the
field
of
coun
ter-t
erro
rism
) is e
stab
lishe
d z
AUC
esta
blish
ing
with
AFR
IPO
L an
d re
gion
al p
olic
e or
gani
satio
ns a
cen
tre
to
syst
emat
ical
ly p
rovi
de M
embe
r Sta
tes
and
RECS
with
info
rmat
ion,
ana
lysis
and
re
spon
se o
ptio
ns fo
r with
rega
rd to
TO
C z
Deve
lopi
ng g
uide
lines
for t
he e
stab
-lis
hmen
t of n
atio
nal s
peci
alise
d TO
C in
vest
igat
ion
units
z
Wor
king
pla
n of
a A
FRIP
OL
TOC
Cent
re
z
Coun
ter-T
OC
guid
elin
es z
Colla
bora
tion
with
UN
ODC
z
Clos
e co
oper
atio
n w
ith A
FRIP
OL
(und
er
cons
truc
tion)
, CAP
CCO
, SAR
PCCO
and
W
APCC
O
119
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 4
Results Framework Strategic Priority 4: Strategic Security Issues
Out
put 7
.4Th
e ne
xus b
e-tw
een
TOC
and
terr
oris
m a
nd v
i-ol
ent e
xtre
mis
m
is a
ddre
ssed
z
AU/R
ECs w
orks
hop
on T
OC
and
terr
orism
is
held
z
Org
anise
wor
ksho
p to
exp
lore
the
nexu
s be
twee
n TC
and
terr
orism
and
vio
lent
ex
trem
ism
z
Deta
il po
licy
reco
mm
enda
tions
on
the
basis
of t
he w
orks
hop
z
Wor
ksho
p do
cum
enta
tion
z
To b
e co
ordi
nate
d by
the
Afric
an C
entr
e fo
r the
Stu
dy a
nd R
esea
rch
on Te
rror
ism
(ACS
RT) a
nd th
e Ch
airp
erso
n’s S
peci
al
Repr
esen
tativ
e fo
r Cou
nter
-Ter
roris
m
Coop
erat
ion
Out
put 7
.5Le
gal i
nstr
u-m
ents
to
addr
ess c
yber
cr
ime
are
effe
c-tiv
ely
dom
esti-
cate
d
z
Regi
ster
of r
atifi
catio
n is
com
pile
d z
Ratif
icat
ion
and
dom
estic
atio
n of
the
AU
Conv
entio
n of
Cyb
er S
ecur
ity a
nd P
er-
sona
l Dat
a Pr
otec
tion
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith
AU E
xecu
tive
Coun
cil D
ec. 8
46 (X
XV)
z
AUC
web
site
on st
atus
of l
egal
doc
u-m
ents
z
Coor
dina
tion
func
tion
of A
UC
Out
put 7
.6AU
C Ch
airp
er-
son
repo
rt o
n cy
ber s
ecur
ity is
ta
bled
z
AUC
Chai
rper
son
repo
rts t
o AU
Ass
embl
y z
AUC
Chai
rper
son
repo
rt o
n cy
ber s
ecur
i-ty
whi
ch (1
) des
crib
es th
e ex
tend
of t
he
thre
at to
pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y in
Afr
ica,
(2)
map
s nat
iona
l effo
rts o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s to
cou
nter
-act
IT-b
ased
thre
ats a
gain
st
peac
e an
d se
curit
y, (3
) doc
umen
ts so
me
best
pra
ctic
e an
d le
sson
s lea
rned
, (4)
fol-
low
s up
on th
e AU
Ass
embl
y de
cisio
n to
ha
rmon
ize n
atio
nal l
egisl
atio
ns th
roug
h a
conv
entio
n on
cyb
er se
curit
y, (5
) su
gges
ts c
oord
inat
ing
activ
ities
by
the
AUC
vis-
à-vi
s the
REC
s, a
nd (6
) det
ails
a st
rate
gy o
f how
to m
obili
ze th
e su
ppor
t of
inte
rnat
iona
l par
tner
s suc
h as
the
UN
or
the
EU in
thes
e ef
fort
s
z
AUC
Chai
rper
son
repo
rt
Out
put 7
.7N
atio
nal
cybe
r sec
urity
fr
amew
orks
are
fa
cilit
ated
z
AUC
Chai
rper
son
repo
rts t
o AU
Ass
embl
y z
Faci
litat
ing
regi
onal
wor
ksho
ps o
n th
e de
sign
of n
atio
nal c
yber
secu
rity
fram
e-w
orks
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith A
U E
xecu
tive
Coun
cil D
ec. 8
46 (X
XV),
§24
z
AUC
Chai
rper
son
repo
rt o
n th
e ad
optio
n of
nat
iona
l cyb
er se
curit
y fr
amew
orks
Out
put 7
.8RE
C an
d RE
C-to
REC
agre
e-m
ents
on
mu-
tual
ass
ista
nce
in c
omba
ting
cybe
r crim
e ar
e in
pla
ce
z
Regi
ster
of m
ultil
ater
al a
gree
men
ts
betw
een
RECs
is c
ompl
ied
z
Draf
ting
mut
ual a
ssist
ance
in c
y-be
r-crim
e ag
reem
ents
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith A
U E
xecu
tive
Coun
cil D
ec. 8
46 (X
XV)
z
Adop
ting
and
ratif
ying
mut
ual a
ssist
ance
in
cyb
er-c
rime
agre
emen
ts
z
REC
Pres
s Sta
tem
ents
on
conc
lusio
n of
m
utua
l ass
istan
ce in
cyb
er c
rime
agre
e-m
ents
120
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 7.9
AFRI
POL
is
effe
ctiv
e in
co
ordi
natin
g po
lice
and
law
en
forc
emen
t ag
enci
es to
co
mba
t Tra
nsna
-tio
nal O
rgan
ized
Crim
e
z
Evid
ence
of a
dequ
ate
staf
f in
plac
e at
AF
RIPO
L z
Evid
ence
of m
odal
ities
for c
olla
bora
tion
and
info
rmat
ion
shar
ing
betw
een
Mem
-be
r Sta
tes
z
Cond
uct t
rain
ing
for S
ecre
taria
t Sta
ff to
en
hanc
e ca
paci
ties f
or st
rate
gic
plan
-ni
ng, p
rogr
amm
ing,
coo
rdin
atio
n an
d co
oper
atio
n;
z
Supp
ort t
he d
evel
opm
ent a
nd a
dopt
ion
of m
odal
ities
for c
oope
ratio
n, c
olla
bo-
ratio
n an
d in
form
atio
n-sh
arin
g be
twee
n M
embe
r Sta
tes w
ithin
the
fram
ewor
k of
AF
RIPO
L;
z
Cond
uct c
apac
ity b
uild
ing,
at r
egio
nal
leve
l, fo
r pol
ice
for c
omba
ting
cybe
r-cr
ime
and
coun
ter t
erro
rism
; z
Cond
uct t
rain
ing
in c
ount
er-n
arco
tics;
z
Supp
ort i
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
act
iviti
es
to fi
ght o
rgan
ized
crim
e, in
clud
ing
illic
it tr
affic
king
of a
rms a
nd p
erso
ns, w
ildlif
e an
d en
viro
nmen
tal c
rimes
.
z
Trai
ning
doc
umen
ts a
nd tr
aini
ng e
valu
a-tio
n re
port
s z
Stra
tegy
/pol
icy
docu
men
ts re
late
d to
co
ordi
natio
n am
ong
Mem
ber S
tate
s
z
Will
from
diff
eren
t sta
keho
lder
s and
av
aila
bilit
y of
ade
quat
e fu
ndin
g
121
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 5
5Re
sults
Fra
mew
ork
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 5:
Co
ordi
natio
n an
d Pa
rtne
rshi
ps
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
To c
ontr
ibut
e to
enh
ance
d ef
fect
iven
ess o
f coo
rdin
atio
n an
d pa
rtne
rshi
p w
ithin
the
APSA
fram
ewor
k
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
of r
egio
nal p
eace
and
secu
rity
stra
tegi
es d
esig
ned
and
impl
emen
ted
in
line
with
the
AU p
olic
y fr
amew
ork
z
Evid
ence
of c
omm
on p
rogr
amm
ing,
in
clud
ing
form
ulat
ion
of c
omm
on o
b-je
ctiv
es, b
etw
een
AUC
depa
rtm
ents
and
be
twee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s; z
Evid
ence
of c
omm
on p
ositi
ons o
n AP
SA
fram
ewor
k be
twee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s; z
Evid
ence
, doc
umen
tatio
n an
d jo
int
anal
ysis
of th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e su
bsid
iarit
y pr
inci
ple
in se
vera
l ope
ra-
tions
in th
e fie
ld;
z
Evid
ence
of l
esso
ns le
arne
d fr
om th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e su
bsid
iarit
y pr
in-
cipl
e (r
esul
ts a
nd c
halle
nges
) tha
t are
fe
edin
g ne
w p
rogr
amm
ing;
z
Evid
ence
of i
mpl
emen
tatio
n an
d m
oni-
torin
g of
dec
ision
s the
AU
C ha
s com
mit-
ted
to;
z
Evid
ence
of e
ffici
ent u
se a
nd p
ossib
le
mut
ualis
atio
n of
hum
an re
sour
ces b
e-tw
een
the
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s; z
Evid
ence
of t
imel
y de
ploy
men
t of t
he
Pane
l of t
he W
ise fr
om th
e AU
C;
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Prog
ram
me
docu
men
ts.
z
Amou
nt a
nd q
ualit
y of
com
mon
pos
i-tio
ns.
z
Exam
ples
of i
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
subs
idi-
arity
prin
cipl
e. z
Prog
ram
me
docu
men
ts z
Anal
ysis
of d
ata
by m
onito
ring
syst
em;
narr
ativ
e re
port
s.
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
from
all
stak
ehol
ders
invo
lved
in
APSA
to p
uttin
g in
to p
ract
ice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to;
z
Pres
ence
of i
ndiv
idua
l, or
gani
satio
nal
and
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ities
with
in A
PSA
stak
ehol
ders
to im
plem
ent t
he d
iffer
ent
stra
tegi
es in
clud
ed in
the
road
map
and
to
mon
itor r
esul
ts
Results Framework Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships
122
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Pr
oble
m d
efin
ition
1Li
mite
d ef
fect
iven
ess o
f the
coo
rdin
atin
g fu
nctio
n of
the
PSC
with
the
RECs
/RM
s mec
hani
sms (
Prot
ocol
Rel
atin
g to
the
Esta
blish
men
t of t
he A
fric
an U
nion
Pea
ce a
nd S
ecur
ity C
ounc
il (P
SC),
2002
) du
e to
4 m
ain
reas
ons:
z
Lim
ited
inte
ract
ions
bet
wee
n th
e AU
-PSC
and
sim
ilar m
echa
nism
s with
in R
ECs/
RMs;
z
Lack
of c
omm
on u
nder
stan
ding
of t
he p
rinci
ples
of s
ubsid
iarit
y, co
mpl
emen
tarit
y an
d co
mpa
rativ
e ad
vant
age
(wha
t the
y m
ean
and
enta
il);
z
Lack
of c
lear
gui
delin
es to
mak
e th
e in
tera
ctio
ns b
etw
een
PSC
and
RECs
/RM
s mec
hani
sms f
ully
ope
ratio
nal;
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 1
The
coor
dina
ting
func
tion
of th
e PS
C is
effe
ctiv
eSp
ecifi
c O
bjec
tive
1 In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of d
ecisi
ons f
rom
PSC
taki
ng
into
acc
ount
REC
s/RM
s inp
uts;
z
Evid
ence
of c
omm
on P
SC-R
ECs/
RMs
posit
ions
z
Ope
ratio
n of
join
t AU
-REC
s/RM
s Fie
ld
Miss
ions
/Lia
ison
Offi
ces
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Min
utes
from
PSC
mee
tings
, rep
orts
, co
mm
uniq
ués
z
Data
from
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
of P
SC to
ope
n its
sess
ions
to R
ECs/
RMs
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 1
.1In
tera
ctio
ns
betw
een
the
AU-P
SC a
nd
sim
ilar m
ech-
anis
ms w
ithin
RE
Cs/R
Ms a
re in
pl
ace
z
Evid
ence
of R
ECs/
RMs s
ubst
antiv
e in
puts
in
to P
SC m
eetin
gs;
z
Part
icip
atio
n of
REC
s/RM
s in
rele
vant
PS
C m
eetin
gs z
Min
utes
from
REC
s/RM
s – P
SC m
eetin
gs z
Will
of P
SC to
ope
n its
sess
ions
to R
ECs/
RMs
Out
put 1
.2
The
conc
epts
of
subs
idia
rity,
co
mpl
emen
tari-
ty a
nd c
ompa
r-at
ive
adva
ntag
e (a
nd/o
r par
tner
-sh
ip) a
re c
lear
ly
defin
ed a
nd
agre
ed u
pon
z
Exist
ence
of a
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t tha
t hi
ghlig
hts g
uidi
ng p
rinci
ples
and
exp
ect-
ed re
sults
from
usin
g th
e su
bsid
iarit
y pr
inci
ple;
z
Evid
ence
that
this
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t hi
ghlig
hts a
nd c
larif
ies k
ey su
bsid
iarit
y co
mpo
nent
s and
pro
cedu
res f
or a
ppli-
catio
n; z
Agre
emen
t bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
REC
s/RM
s to
use
this
stra
tegi
c do
cum
ent a
s a
basis
for f
utur
e im
plem
enta
tion
of A
PSA.
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s on
the
defin
ition
of s
ubsid
iarit
y (a
nd/o
r of p
artn
ersh
ip);
z
Agre
emen
t to
deve
lop
a st
rate
gy d
ocu-
men
t mak
ing
the
subs
idia
rity
conc
ept
oper
atio
nal;
z
Draf
ting
of th
e st
rate
gy d
ocum
ent;
z
Min
utes
from
AU
-REC
s/RM
s mee
tings
; z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
t; z
Will
to a
dopt
a c
lear
def
initi
on o
f the
se
term
s by
both
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms
Out
put 1
.3Cl
ear g
uide
lines
to
mak
e th
e in
tera
ctio
ns
betw
een
PSC
and
RECs
/RM
s m
echa
nism
s op
erat
iona
l are
in
pla
ce
z
Exist
ence
of g
uide
lines
/pol
icy
docu
men
t hi
ghlig
htin
g pr
inci
ples
and
exp
ecte
d re
-su
lts fr
om P
SC –
REC
s/RM
s int
erac
tions
; z
Agre
emen
t bet
wee
n th
e PS
C an
d RE
Cs/
RMs t
o us
e th
is do
cum
ent a
s a b
asis
for
futu
re in
tera
ctio
ns.
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n PS
C an
d RE
Cs/R
Ms o
n th
e na
ture
of R
ECs/
RMs
inte
ract
ions
with
PSC
; z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f gui
delin
es/p
olic
y do
cu-
men
t stip
ulat
ing
the
natu
re o
f REC
s/RM
s in
tera
ctio
ns w
ith P
SC.
z
Min
utes
from
PSC
-REC
s/RM
s mee
tings
; z
Guid
elin
es d
ocum
ent
z
Will
of P
SC to
eng
age
on re
gula
r bas
is w
ith R
ECs/
RMs
123
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 5
Results Framework Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 2
Lim
ited
intr
a an
d in
ter-d
epar
tmen
tal c
olla
bora
tion/
coor
dina
tion
at A
UC/
RECs
/RM
s lev
els d
ue to
: z
Wea
k ho
rizon
tal l
inka
ges w
ithin
eac
h de
part
men
t; z
Wea
k ho
rizon
tal l
inka
ges b
etw
een
the
vario
us A
PSA
com
pone
nts;
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 2
Enha
nced
intr
a an
d in
ter-
depa
rtm
enta
l col
labo
ratio
n/co
or-
dina
tion
at th
e le
vel o
f the
AU
C an
d RE
Cs/R
Ms
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 2
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
of c
olla
bora
tion/
coor
dina
tion
betw
een
PSD
and
othe
r AU
C De
part
-m
ents
in d
iffer
ent c
onfli
ct p
hase
s (p
reve
ntio
n, m
anag
emen
t, re
solu
tion
and
PCRD
) z
Evid
ence
of d
eepe
ned
colla
bora
tion
and
linka
ges b
etw
een
the
vario
us A
PSA
com
pone
nts a
nd th
e Af
rican
Gov
erna
nce
Arch
itect
ure
(AGA
) bot
h at
AU
and
REC
le
vel
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
APS
A ac
tiviti
es a
nd p
ro-
gram
min
g be
twee
n th
e PS
D an
d ot
her
rele
vant
Dep
artm
ents
with
in th
e AU
C
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Min
utes
from
mee
tings
z
Data
from
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
z
Miss
ion
repo
rts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Man
agem
ent b
uy-in
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 2
.1
Coor
dina
tion
mec
hani
sms
with
in v
ario
us
PSD
divi
sion
s an
d un
its a
re in
pl
ace
z
Evid
ence
that
PSD
staf
f hav
e ac
cess
to
the
sam
e le
vel o
f inf
orm
atio
n re
gard
ing
PSD
activ
ities
; z
Evid
ence
of h
arm
oniza
tion
of p
lann
ed
activ
ities
;
z
Org
anisa
tion
of a
wee
kly
info
rmat
ion
shar
ing
(PSD
staf
f and
man
agem
ent
leve
l) z
Org
anisa
tion
of b
i-mon
thly
coo
rdin
atio
n m
eetin
gs z
Org
anisa
tion
of jo
int p
lann
ing
sess
ions
be
twee
n PS
D di
visio
ns/u
nits
z
Min
utes
from
coo
rdin
atio
n m
eetin
gs z
Will
from
PSD
to c
omm
it to
bui
ldin
g in
tern
al sy
nerg
ies
Out
put 2
.2Ho
rizon
tal l
ink-
ages
bet
wee
n th
e va
rious
de
part
men
ts a
re
func
tioni
ng
z
Evid
ence
of s
hare
d re
spon
sibili
ties b
e-tw
een
diffe
rent
dep
artm
ents
; z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
ana
lyse
s and
join
t act
iv-
ities
bet
wee
n va
rious
AU
C de
part
men
ts
and
betw
een
PSD
divi
sions
; z
Evid
ence
of i
nfor
mat
ion
shar
ing;
z
Inst
itutio
nalis
atio
n of
the
Inte
rdep
art-
men
tal T
ask
Forc
e on
Con
flict
Pre
vent
ion
at te
chni
cal a
nd p
olic
y le
vels;
z
Min
utes
from
Tas
k Fo
rce
mee
tings
; z
Join
t ana
lyse
s rep
orts
z
Will
from
AU
C De
part
men
ts to
com
mit
to b
uild
ing
syne
rgie
s; z
Hum
an re
sour
ces a
re m
ade
avai
labl
e fo
r pa
rtic
ipat
ing
in c
oord
inat
ion
mee
tings
.
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 3
Lim
ited
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
MoU
bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
the
RECs
/RM
s in
the
real
izatio
n of
APS
A du
e to
4 m
ain
caus
es:
z
Lack
of a
cle
ar a
nd c
omm
only
shar
ed u
nder
stan
ding
of t
he c
once
pts o
f sub
sidia
rity,
com
plem
enta
rity
and
com
para
tive
adva
ntag
e (w
hat t
hey
mea
n an
d en
tail)
; z
Lack
of a
cle
ar a
nd c
omm
only
shar
ed u
nder
stan
ding
of t
he c
once
pt o
f coo
rdin
atio
n (w
hat i
t mea
ns a
nd e
ntai
ls);
z
Lack
of h
arm
onize
d po
licie
s/st
anda
rd o
pera
tion
proc
edur
es b
etw
een
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms;
z
Lack
of a
dequ
ate
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
for t
he M
oU im
plem
enta
tion;
124
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Sp
ecifi
c O
bjec
tive
3Th
e M
oU b
etw
een
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms i
s im
plem
ent-
ed e
ffect
ivel
y
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 3
Indi
cato
rs z
Part
icip
atio
n of
AU
and
REC
s/RM
s Li
aiso
n O
ffice
rs in
all
rele
vant
stat
utor
y m
eetin
gs o
f the
AU
and
REC
s/RM
s; z
Evid
ence
of t
he fa
ct th
at R
ECs/
RMs
Liai
son
Offi
ces h
ave
acce
ss to
all
rele
vant
re
port
s req
uire
d to
fulfi
l the
ir m
anda
te
unde
r the
PSC
Pro
toco
l; z
The
Chai
rper
son
of th
e AU
Com
miss
ion
and
Chie
f Exe
cutiv
es o
f the
REC
s/RM
s m
eet a
t lea
st o
nce
a ye
ar;
z
Evid
ence
of i
nstit
utio
nalis
ed a
nd sy
s-te
mat
ic u
se o
f cha
nnel
s for
info
rmat
ion
shar
ing
at h
ighe
r pol
itica
l lev
el a
nd
tech
nica
l lev
el b
etw
een
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms;
z
Evid
ence
of i
nstit
utio
nalis
atio
n an
d us
e of
com
mon
con
flict
ana
lyse
s; z
Exam
ples
of j
oint
fact
find
ing
and/
or
mon
itorin
g m
issio
ns b
etw
een
the
AU
and
the
RECs
/RM
s; z
Evid
ence
of c
omm
on re
port
s – R
ECs/
RMs c
ontr
ibut
ing
to A
UC
and
PSC
repo
rts
to th
e AU
Ass
embl
y of
Hea
ds o
f Sta
te
and
Gove
rnm
ent.
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Min
utes
from
mee
tings
z
Data
from
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
z
Min
utes
from
mee
ting
z
Data
from
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
z
Conf
lict a
naly
ses
z
Miss
ion
repo
rts
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
from
all
stak
ehol
ders
invo
lved
in
APSA
to p
uttin
g in
to p
ract
ice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to;
z
Pres
ence
of i
ndiv
idua
l, or
gani
satio
nal
and
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ities
with
in A
PSA
stak
ehol
ders
to im
plem
ent t
he d
iffer
ent
stra
tegi
es in
clud
ed in
the
road
map
and
to
mon
itor r
esul
ts
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 3
.1
The
conc
epts
of
subs
idia
rity,
co
mpl
emen
tari-
ty a
nd c
ompa
r-at
ive
adva
ntag
e (a
nd/o
r par
tner
-sh
ip) a
re c
lear
ly
defin
ed a
nd
agre
ed u
pon
z
Exist
ence
of a
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t tha
t hi
ghlig
hts g
uidi
ng p
rinci
ples
and
exp
ect-
ed re
sults
from
usin
g th
e su
bsid
iarit
y pr
inci
ple;
z
Evid
ence
that
this
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t hi
ghlig
hts a
nd c
larif
y ke
y su
bsid
iarit
y co
mpo
nent
s and
pro
cedu
res;
z
Agre
emen
t bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
REC
s/RM
s to
use
this
stra
tegi
c do
cum
ent a
s a
basis
for f
utur
e im
plem
enta
tion
of A
PSA.
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s on
the
defin
ition
of s
ubsid
iarit
y (a
nd/o
r of p
artn
ersh
ip);
z
Agre
emen
t to
deve
lop
a st
rate
gy d
ocu-
men
t mak
ing
the
subs
idia
rity
conc
ept
oper
atio
nal;
z
Draf
ting
of th
e st
rate
gy d
ocum
ent;
z
Min
utes
from
AU
-REC
s/RM
s mee
tings
; z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
t; z
Will
to a
dopt
a c
lear
def
initi
on o
f the
se
term
s by
both
the
AU a
nd th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms
125
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 5
Results Framework Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships
Out
put 3
.2Th
e co
ncep
t of
coor
dina
tion
is
clea
rly d
efin
ed
and
agre
ed
upon
z
Exist
ence
of a
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t th
at h
ighl
ight
s gui
ding
prin
cipl
es a
nd
expe
cted
resu
lts fr
om c
oord
inat
ing
and
harm
onizi
ng th
e ac
tiviti
es o
f the
REC
s/RM
s with
thos
e of
the
AU;
z
Evid
ence
that
this
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t hi
ghlig
hts a
nd c
larif
ies k
ey c
oord
inat
ion
com
pone
nts a
nd p
roce
dure
s; z
Agre
emen
t bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
REC
s/RM
s to
use
this
stra
tegi
c do
cum
ent a
s a
basis
for f
utur
e im
plem
enta
tion
of A
PSA.
z
Evid
ence
of s
hare
d re
spon
sibili
ties b
e-tw
een
AUC
and
RECs
/RM
s;
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s on
the
defin
ition
of c
oord
inat
ion;
z
Agre
emen
t to
deve
lop
a st
rate
gy d
ocu-
men
t mak
ing
the
conc
ept o
f coo
rdin
a-tio
n op
erat
iona
l; z
Draf
ting
of th
e st
rate
gy d
ocum
ent;
z
Inst
itutio
nalis
atio
n of
the
AU-R
ECs/
RMs
Task
For
ce o
n st
reng
then
ing
the
rela
tions
be
twee
n th
e AU
C an
d RE
CS/R
Ms i
n th
e ar
ea o
f pea
ce a
nd se
curit
y.
z
Min
utes
from
AU
-REC
s/RM
s mee
tings
; z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
t; z
Ther
e is
will
to d
efin
e th
e co
ncep
t of
coor
dina
tion
Out
put 3
.3Ha
rmon
ized
polic
ies a
nd
stan
dard
ope
ra-
tion
proc
edur
es
betw
een
the
AU
and
the
RECs
/RM
s put
in p
lace
z
Docu
men
t hig
hlig
htin
g st
anda
rd o
pera
-tio
n pr
oced
ures
dev
elop
ed z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n AU
and
REC
s/RM
s on
the
type
s of p
olic
ies a
nd st
and-
ard
oper
atio
n pr
oced
ures
that
nee
d to
be
har
mon
ised;
z
Min
utes
of m
eetin
gs z
SOPs
z
Will
to d
evel
op th
e st
anda
rd o
pera
tion
proc
edur
es b
y th
e AU
and
the
RECs
/RM
s
Out
put 3
.4Ex
iste
nce
of a
n ad
equa
te m
on-
itorin
g sy
stem
fo
r fol
low
ing-
up
on th
e M
oU im
-pl
emen
tatio
n
z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
cle
arly
hig
hlig
hts
the
diffe
rent
type
s of i
nfor
mat
ion
that
ne
ed to
be
colle
cted
, doc
umen
ted
and
anal
ysed
; z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
est
ablis
h cl
ear
resp
onsib
ilitie
s for
per
form
ing
mon
itor-
ing
task
s; z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
is c
lose
ly li
nked
to
man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on p
roce
sses
.
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f the
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
; z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on to
allo
cate
staf
f to
spec
ific
mon
itorin
g fu
nctio
ns;
z
Com
mon
AU
and
REC
s/RM
s mon
itorin
g m
issio
ns (o
ne p
er y
ear i
n ea
ch R
EC/R
M)
z
Com
mon
AU
and
REC
/RM
s mon
itorin
g m
eetin
gs (o
ne p
er y
ear)
z
Mon
itorin
g do
cum
ent,
mon
itorin
g da
ta,
data
ana
lysis
; z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on z
Min
utes
from
mon
itorin
g m
eetin
gs
z
Will
and
cap
acity
to d
evel
op a
n ad
e-qu
ate
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 4
Lim
ited
rele
vanc
e an
d ef
ficie
ncy
of A
U L
iaiso
n O
ffice
s est
ablis
hed
by th
e Pe
ace
and
Secu
rity
Coun
cil (
PSC)
and
of A
U L
iaiso
n O
ffice
s with
in th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms d
ue to
3 m
ain
reas
ons:
z
Lack
of r
evisi
on o
f AU
Lia
ison
Offi
ces/
Fiel
d M
issio
ns m
anda
te d
espi
te c
hang
es o
n th
e gr
ound
(No
clea
r exi
t str
ateg
ies f
or A
ULO
s; U
ncle
ar li
nes o
f com
mun
icat
ion
and
repo
rtin
g) z
Lim
ited
dire
ct li
nks b
etw
een
diffe
rent
Lia
ison
Offi
ces (
AULO
s/Fi
eld
Miss
ions
and
AU
LOs t
o th
e RE
Cs/R
Ms a
nd A
U R
egio
nal O
ffice
s);
z
Lim
ited
(in n
umbe
rs a
nd re
leva
nce)
tech
nica
l cap
aciti
es o
f the
Lia
ison
Offi
ces;
126
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020Sp
ecifi
c O
bjec
tive
4Th
e AU
Lia
ison
Off
ices
are
rele
vant
and
eff
icie
ntSp
ecifi
c O
bjec
tive
2 In
dica
tors
z
Part
icip
atio
n of
AU
Lia
ison
Offi
ces i
n al
l re
leva
nt st
atut
ory
mee
tings
of t
he A
U
and
RECs
/RM
s; z
Evid
ence
of i
nstit
utio
nalis
ed a
nd u
se o
f co
mm
on c
onfli
ct a
naly
ses;
z
Evid
ence
of c
lose
invo
lvem
ent o
f AU
Li-
aiso
n O
ffice
s in
the
orga
nisa
tion
of jo
int
fact
-find
ing
and/
or m
onito
ring
miss
ions
do
ne b
y th
e AU
, the
REC
s/RM
s and
/or
part
ners
; z
Evid
ence
of i
mpr
oved
qua
lity
of m
on-
itorin
g of
pea
ce a
gree
men
ts, p
oliti
cal
situa
tions
on
the
grou
nd, a
nd im
plem
en-
tatio
n of
PSC
dec
ision
s on
the
grou
nd;
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Min
utes
of m
eetin
gs;
z
Cont
ent o
f con
flict
ana
lyse
s; z
Miss
ion
repo
rts
z
Mon
itorin
g re
port
s
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Will
from
all
AU, R
ECs a
nd R
Ms t
o pu
t in
to p
ract
ice
wha
t the
y co
mm
itted
to;
z
Pres
ence
of i
ndiv
idua
l, or
gani
satio
nal
and
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ities
with
in A
U
and
RECs
/RM
s to
impl
emen
t the
diff
er-
ent s
trat
egie
s inc
lude
d in
the
road
map
an
d to
mon
itor r
esul
ts
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 4
.1Li
aiso
n O
ffic
-es
’ man
date
s ar
e re
gula
rly
revi
ewed
and
re
flect
the
po-
litic
al/s
ecur
ity
situ
atio
ns o
n th
e gr
ound
z
Evid
ence
of g
aps b
etw
een
the
man
date
of
som
e AU
LOs a
nd th
e po
litic
al/s
ecur
ity
situa
tion
on th
e gr
ound
add
ress
ed;
z
Exist
ence
of a
cle
ar e
xit s
trat
egy
for e
ach
AULO
(in
post
-con
flict
cou
ntrie
s);
z
Line
s of c
omm
unic
atio
n an
d re
port
ing
are
clar
ified
z
Eval
uatio
n of
AU
LOs r
elev
ance
, effi
cien
cy
and
effe
ctiv
enes
s; z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f gui
delin
es fo
r for
mu-
latin
g re
leva
nt m
anda
tes f
or A
ULO
s de
pend
ing
on c
hang
es in
pol
itica
l/sec
uri-
ty si
tuat
ion
on th
e gr
ound
;
z
Eval
uatio
n re
port
z
Thos
e Li
aiso
n O
ffice
s who
se m
anda
tes
are
not c
lear
ly d
efin
ed sh
all b
e de
fined
Out
put 4
.2AU
Lia
ison
O
ffic
es a
re
equi
pped
with
re
leva
nt st
aff (
in
adeq
uacy
with
th
eir r
espe
ctiv
e m
anda
te)
z
Exist
ence
of c
lear
job
desc
riptio
ns b
ased
on
spec
ific
role
s and
func
tions
that
eac
h st
aff h
as to
pla
y in
ord
er to
impl
emen
t AP
SA;
z
Staf
f rec
ruite
d ac
cord
ing
to c
lear
gui
de-
lines
z
Anal
ysis
of n
eeds
in te
rms o
f hum
an
reso
urce
s spe
cific
to e
ach
Liai
son
Offi
ce
(dire
ctly
link
ed to
the
man
date
of t
he
Liai
son
Offi
ce)
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f cle
ar g
uide
lines
for s
taff
recr
uitm
ent
z
Recr
uitm
ent o
f sta
ff
z
Adm
inist
rativ
e do
cum
ents
(gui
delin
es,
job
desc
riptio
ns, A
ULO
s man
date
, etc
.) z
Min
utes
recr
uitm
ent p
roce
ss
z
Part
ners
and
/or m
embe
rs st
ates
agr
ee to
su
ppor
t sta
ff re
crui
tmen
t
Out
put 4
.3Ex
iste
nce
of a
n ad
equa
te m
on-
itorin
g sy
stem
fo
r fol
low
ing-
up
on th
e pe
r-fo
rman
ce o
f Li
aiso
n O
ffic
es
z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
cle
arly
hig
hlig
hts
the
diffe
rent
type
s of i
nfor
mat
ion
that
ne
ed to
be
colle
cted
, doc
umen
ted
and
anal
ysed
; z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
est
ablis
hes c
lear
re
spon
sibili
ties f
or p
erfo
rmin
g m
onito
r-in
g ta
sks;
z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
is c
lose
ly li
nked
to
man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on p
roce
sses
.
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f the
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
; z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on to
allo
cate
staf
f to
spec
ific
mon
itorin
g fu
nctio
ns;
z
Com
mon
AU
-REC
s/RM
s (an
d pa
rtne
rs)
resu
lts-m
onito
ring
mee
tings
z
Mon
itorin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
syst
em
z
Man
agem
ent g
uide
lines
and
dec
ision
s z
Min
utes
of t
he m
eetin
gs
z
The
AU w
ill d
evel
op a
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
fo
r fol
low
ing-
up o
f the
per
form
ance
of
the
Liai
son
Offi
ces
127
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 5
Results Framework Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 5
Lim
ited
rele
vanc
e an
d ef
ficie
ncy
of p
artn
ersh
ip(s
) bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
its e
xter
nal p
artn
ers d
ue to
6 m
ain
reas
ons:
z
Lim
ited
com
mon
und
erst
andi
ng o
f the
con
cept
of p
artn
ersh
ip (w
hat i
t mea
ns a
nd e
ntai
ls);
z
Lim
ited
com
mon
und
erst
andi
ng o
f the
con
cept
of c
apac
ity b
uild
ing
(wha
t it m
eans
and
ent
ails)
; z
Lack
of c
apac
ity a
t the
AU
leve
l to
mon
itor t
he e
xten
t to
whi
ch it
com
plie
s with
the
diffe
rent
dec
ision
s it h
as c
omm
itted
to im
plem
ent;
z
Disc
onne
ct (n
o cl
ear s
trat
egic
and
resu
lts-b
ased
link
s) b
etw
een
the
AU-p
artn
ers d
ialo
gue
at h
ighe
r pol
itica
l lev
el a
nd it
s im
plem
enta
tion
at te
chni
cal l
evel
; z
Lack
of a
dequ
ate
coor
dina
tion
betw
een
part
ners
; z
Lack
of m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sms a
llow
ing
the
AU a
nd it
s par
tner
s to
regu
larly
ass
ess t
he re
leva
nce,
effi
cien
cy a
nd e
ffect
iven
ess o
f the
ir pa
rtne
rshi
p;
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 5
Polic
y an
d st
rate
gic
dial
ogue
with
in A
PSA
part
ners
hips
are
ef
fect
ive
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e In
dica
tors
z
Evid
ence
of i
nstit
utio
n to
inst
itutio
n (A
U-R
ECs/
RMs-
EU-U
N) c
omm
on p
olic
y di
alog
ue;
z
Evid
ence
of j
oint
repo
rts b
ased
on
resu
lts;
z
Evid
ence
of A
U a
nd R
ECs/
RMs q
ualit
y/re
sults
-bas
ed a
nd ti
mel
y fin
anci
al a
nd
narr
ativ
e re
port
s to
thei
r par
tner
s; z
No/
limite
d ev
iden
ce o
f con
flict
s/te
nsio
ns
betw
een
AU a
nd p
artn
ers;
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
Repo
rts o
n po
licy
dial
ogue
z
Nar
rativ
e re
port
s
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Part
ners
are
will
ing
to e
ngag
e in
co
nstr
uctiv
e as
sess
men
t of p
revi
ous
part
ners
hip
perio
ds;
z
Deci
sion
to e
mba
rk o
n su
ch a
pro
cess
is
supp
orte
d by
diff
eren
t dec
ision
-mak
ing
leve
ls w
ithin
eac
h in
stitu
tion;
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 5
.1Th
e AU
and
its
part
ners
, as w
ell
as e
ach
REC/
RM
and
its p
artn
ers,
sh
are
a co
mm
on
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
the
conc
ept
of p
artn
ersh
ip
z
Exist
ence
of a
par
tner
ship
stra
tegy
doc
-um
ent t
hat h
ighl
ight
s gui
ding
prin
cipl
es
and
expe
cted
resu
lts fr
om e
ngag
ing
into
pa
rtne
rshi
p; z
Evid
ence
that
this
stra
tegy
doc
umen
t hi
ghlig
hts a
nd c
larif
ies k
ey p
artn
ersh
ip
com
pone
nts a
nd c
once
pts (
mut
ual
acco
unta
bilit
y, tr
ansp
aren
cy, e
tc.)
z
Agre
emen
t bet
wee
n th
e AU
and
its p
art-
ners
to u
se th
is st
rate
gic
docu
men
t as a
ba
sis fo
r fut
ure
part
ners
hip.
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n AU
and
pa
rtne
rs o
n th
e co
nten
t of t
he st
rate
gy
docu
men
t and
on
the
mos
t app
ropr
iate
pr
oces
s lea
ding
to it
s con
cept
ion;
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n RE
Cs/R
Ms
and
thei
r par
tner
s on
the
cont
ent o
f th
e st
rate
gy d
ocum
ent a
nd o
n th
e m
ost a
ppro
pria
te p
roce
ss le
adin
g to
its
conc
eptio
n z
Draf
ting
of th
e st
rate
gy d
ocum
ent
z
Min
utes
from
AU
-par
tner
s mee
tings
; z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
t; z
Part
ners
are
will
ing
to e
ngag
e in
co
nstr
uctiv
e as
sess
men
t of p
revi
ous
part
ners
hip
perio
ds;
z
Deci
sion
to e
mba
rk o
n su
ch a
pro
cess
is
supp
orte
d by
diff
eren
t dec
ision
-mak
ing
leve
ls w
ithin
eac
h in
stitu
tion;
Out
put 5
.2Th
e AU
and
its
part
ners
, as w
ell
as e
ach
REC/
RM
and
its p
artn
ers,
sh
are
a co
mm
on
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
the
conc
ept
of c
apac
ity
build
ing
z
Exist
ence
of a
cap
acity
bui
ldin
g po
licy
docu
men
t com
mon
to th
e AU
and
all
part
ners
; z
Evid
ence
that
this
capa
city
bui
ldin
g do
c-um
ent c
lear
ly h
ighl
ight
s the
exp
ecte
d re
-su
lts a
nd th
e st
rate
gies
to b
e im
plem
ent-
ed in
ord
er to
incr
ease
the
prob
abili
ty o
f ac
hiev
ing
thes
e re
sults
; z
Exist
ence
of a
n ag
reem
ent b
etw
een
the
AU a
nd it
s par
tner
s to
use
this
stra
tegy
do
cum
ent a
s a b
asis
for c
apac
ity b
uild
ing
supp
ort.
z
Dial
ogue
sess
ions
bet
wee
n AU
and
pa
rtne
rs o
n th
e co
nten
t of t
he st
rate
gy
docu
men
t and
on
the
mos
t app
ropr
iate
pr
oces
s lea
ding
to it
s con
cept
ion;
z
Draf
ting
of th
e st
rate
gy d
ocum
ent
z
Min
utes
from
AU
-par
tner
s mee
tings
; z
Stra
tegy
doc
umen
t; z
Agre
emen
t doc
umen
t
z
Part
ners
are
ope
n to
use
a c
omm
on
capa
city
bui
ldin
g st
rate
gy d
ocum
ent.
Diffe
rent
dec
ision
-mak
ing
leve
ls w
ithin
ea
ch in
stitu
tion
supp
ort t
his d
ecisi
on.
z
Part
ners
are
will
ing
to e
ngag
e in
co
nstr
uctiv
e as
sess
men
t of p
revi
ous
part
ners
hips
;
128
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020O
utpu
t 5.3
The
AU h
as
put i
n pl
ace
an in
tern
al m
on-
itorin
g sy
stem
th
at a
llow
s for
fo
llow
ing-
up
on th
e di
ffere
nt
deci
sion
s it h
as
com
mitt
ed to
im
plem
ent
z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
cle
arly
hig
hlig
hts
the
diffe
rent
type
s of i
nfor
mat
ion
that
ne
ed to
be
colle
cted
, doc
umen
ted
and
anal
ysed
; z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
est
ablis
hes c
lear
re
spon
sibili
ties f
or p
erfo
rmin
g m
onito
r-in
g ta
sks;
z
The
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
is su
ppor
ted
by
man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on-m
akin
g pr
oces
ses
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f the
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
; z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on to
allo
cate
staf
f to
spec
ific
mon
itorin
g fu
nctio
ns;
z
Com
mon
AU
-par
tner
s res
ults
-mon
itorin
g m
eetin
gs (t
wic
e a
year
)
z
Mon
itorin
g do
cum
ent,
mon
itorin
g da
ta,
data
ana
lysis
; z
Man
agem
ent d
ecisi
on z
Min
utes
from
mon
itorin
g m
eetin
gs
z
Ther
e is
a cl
ear m
anag
emen
t sup
port
(a
t diff
eren
t org
anisa
tiona
l lev
els w
ithin
th
e AU
) for
the
syst
emat
ic u
se o
f the
m
onito
ring
syst
em;
z
Pres
ence
of i
ndiv
idua
l, or
gani
satio
nal
and
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ities
with
in th
e AU
to sy
stem
atic
ally
use
the
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
;
Out
put 5
.4Di
scon
nect
be-
twee
n di
ffere
nt
AU-p
artn
ers
dial
ogue
leve
ls
addr
esse
d
z
Form
ulat
ion
of c
lear
stra
tegi
c an
d re
-su
lts-b
ased
link
s bet
wee
n th
e AU
-par
t-ne
rs d
ialo
gue
at h
ighe
r pol
itica
l lev
el a
nd
its im
plem
enta
tion
at te
chni
cal l
evel
z
Stra
tegi
c m
eetin
gs b
etw
een
AU a
nd p
art-
ners
gat
herin
g hi
gh le
vel r
epre
sent
ativ
es
and
tech
nica
l sta
ff;
z
Min
utes
from
dia
logu
e m
eetin
gs
betw
een
AU a
nd p
artn
ers a
t tec
hnic
al
leve
ls
z
Part
ners
are
will
ing
to e
ngag
e in
such
a
dial
ogue
Out
put 5
.5Th
e AU
and
pa
rtne
rs h
ave
join
tly d
e-ve
lope
d an
d ag
reed
on
harm
onis
ed a
nd
alig
ned
part
ner-
ship
tool
s
z
Evid
ence
of h
arm
onise
d an
d al
igne
d pa
rtne
rs’ f
inan
cial
and
tech
nica
l sup
port
on
AU
pro
gram
me
cale
ndar
s; z
Exist
ence
of a
n ag
reem
ent o
n on
e co
m-
mon
repo
rtin
g te
mpl
ate
amon
g pa
rtne
rs;
z
Dial
ogue
mee
tings
bet
wee
n AU
and
pa
rtne
rs;
z
Deve
lopm
ent o
f har
mon
ised
prog
ram
me
supp
ort p
lan
cove
ring
the
road
map
tim
efra
me;
z
Min
utes
from
mee
tings
z
Prog
ram
me
supp
ort p
lan
z
Part
ners
are
will
ing
to e
ngag
e in
such
a
dial
ogue
Prob
lem
def
initi
on 6
No
finan
cial
ow
ners
hip
of A
PSA,
hig
h de
pend
ency
on
dono
rs a
nd in
tern
atio
nal p
artn
ers d
ue to
2 m
ain
reas
ons:
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s’ c
ontr
ibut
ion
to P
eace
Fun
d is
low
; z
Lim
ited
addi
tiona
l fun
ding
from
alte
rnat
ive
sour
ces.
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
Fina
ncia
l ow
ners
hip
of A
PSA
incr
ease
d an
d de
pend
ency
on
dono
rs a
nd in
tern
atio
nal p
artn
ers d
ecre
ased
subs
tant
ially
Spec
ific
Obj
ectiv
e 6
Indi
cato
rs z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
reve
nues
into
the
Peac
e Fu
nd a
nd si
mila
r reg
iona
l fun
ding
m
echa
nism
s z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
AU
ope
ratio
nal
budg
et fr
om M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
AU
pro
gram
me
budg
et fr
om M
embe
r Sta
tes
z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
AU
PSO
bud
ge
from
Mem
ber S
tate
s z
Evid
ence
of i
ncre
ased
fund
s em
anat
ing
from
priv
ate
sect
or
Sour
ces o
f ver
ifica
tion
z
AU o
pera
tiona
l bud
get
z
AU p
rogr
amm
e bu
dget
z
AU P
SO b
udge
t
Assu
mpt
ions
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s com
ply
with
AU
Ass
em-
bly
deci
sions
z
Prep
ared
ness
of M
embe
r Sta
tes t
o tr
ans-
fer t
hese
add
ition
al so
urce
s of f
undi
ng to
th
e U
nion
z
Capa
citie
s in
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
colle
ct
the
addi
tiona
l sou
rces
of f
undi
ng
129
Stra
tegi
c Pr
iorit
y 5
Results Framework Strategic Priority 5: Coordination and Partnerships
Out
puts
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
iviti
esSo
urce
s of v
erifi
catio
nAs
sum
ptio
ns
Out
put 6
.1Th
e Ar
ticle
21
(4) o
f the
PSC
Pr
otoc
ol o
n th
e es
tabl
ishm
ent
of a
Rev
olvi
ng
Trus
t Fun
d w
ith
the
Peac
e Fu
nd
is m
ade
oper
a-tio
nal
z
Evid
ence
of c
lear
gui
delin
es fo
r the
Re-
sour
ce M
obili
zatio
n Co
mm
ittee
z
Deci
sions
/str
ateg
ies s
ugge
sted
by
the
Com
mitt
ee z
Evid
ence
of r
evise
d re
gula
tions
of t
he
Peac
e Fu
nd z
Exist
ence
of r
elev
ant t
arge
ts
z
Faci
litat
ing
reso
urce
mob
iliza
tion
by
Mem
ber S
tate
s thr
ough
the
impl
emen
ta-
tion
of §
8(5)
of t
he P
SC P
roto
col a
nd th
e co
nclu
sions
of t
he re
trea
t of t
he P
SC o
n w
orki
ng m
etho
ds (5
-7 Ju
ly 2
007)
on
the
esta
blish
men
t of a
Res
ourc
e M
obili
za-
tion
Com
mitt
ee z
Impl
emen
ting
AU A
ssem
bly
Dec.
578
(X
XV) o
n ta
rget
s for
the
new
scal
e of
as
sess
men
t
z
Guid
elin
es z
Min
utes
from
Res
ourc
e M
obili
zatio
n Co
mm
ittee
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s com
ply
with
AU
Ass
em-
bly
deci
sions
Out
put 6
.2Th
e AU
Ass
em-
bly
Deci
sion
561
(X
XIV)
on
alte
r-na
tive
sour
ces
of fu
ndin
g is
m
ade
oper
a-tio
nal
z
Evid
ence
of d
etai
led
annu
al b
udge
t m
onito
ring
z
Evid
ence
of r
ecom
men
datio
ns to
adj
ust
the
budg
et w
hen
and
whe
re n
eces
sary
z
Evid
ence
of r
ecom
men
datio
ns a
nd st
rat-
egie
s to
acce
ss fu
nds f
rom
priv
ate
sect
or
and
extr
actio
n in
dust
ries
z
Publ
ishin
g a
deta
iled
AU b
udge
t (in
clud
-in
g re
vise
d or
am
ende
d ve
rsio
ns) a
s par
t of
the
AU A
ssem
bly
docu
men
tatio
n z
Deve
lopi
ng a
det
aile
d an
nual
act
ivity
pl
an o
f the
pro
gram
mes
/pro
ject
s to
be
fund
ed fr
om th
e Pe
ace
Fund
z
Intr
oduc
tion
of a
robu
st a
nnua
l rev
iew
m
echa
nism
z
Com
miss
ion
expe
rt st
udy
on fu
ndra
ising
fr
om p
rivat
e se
ctor
and
reso
urce
-bas
ed
extr
actio
n in
dust
ries
z
Budg
et p
ublic
atio
n z
Annu
al p
lans
z
Asse
ssm
ent r
epor
ts z
Conc
lusio
ns o
f the
exp
ert s
tudy
z
Stro
ng A
UC
lead
ersh
ip a
nd c
oord
inat
ion
z
Mem
ber S
tate
s com
plia
nce
with
AU
As
sem
bly
deci
sions
z
Cons
ulta
tion
with
Ad
Hoc
Min
ister
ial
Com
mitt
ee
130
African Peace and Security Architecture. APSA Roadmap 2016 – 2020