after eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. what happens...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy.
What Happens When We Eat?
American Diabetes Association
![Page 3: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
In people without diabetes, glucose stays in a healthy range because
Normal Blood Glucose Control
Insulin is released at the right times and in the right amounts
Insulin helps glucose enter cells
American Diabetes Association
![Page 4: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
In diabetes, blood glucose builds up for several possible reasons…
High Blood Glucose (Hyperglycemia)
Too little insulin is made
Liver releases too much glucose
Cells can’t use insulin well
American Diabetes Association
![Page 5: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Type 1› Pancreas makes
too little or no insulin
Pre-diabetes
Gestational Diabetes
Type 2› Cells do not use
insulin well (insulin resistant)
› Ability for pancreas to make insulin decreases over time
Type 3??
![Page 6: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Number of Americans withNumber of Americans withDiagnosed Diabetes, 1980-2009Diagnosed Diabetes, 1980-2009
www.cdc.gov
![Page 7: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Currently affects about 25.8 million Americans of all ages.› About 8% of the population (U.S.)
› Estimated 7 million undiagnosed
› Hispanics/Latinos – about 12% diagnosed› African Americans – about 13% diagnosed› Asian Americans – about 8% diagnosed
![Page 8: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
(Oregon.gov, 2006)
![Page 9: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Increased thirst Increased urination Blurry vision Fatigue Weight loss Nausea and vomiting More frequent infections
![Page 10: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Know your numbers:› A1C < 7› BP 130/80 or lower› Cholesterol:
LDL: <100 HDL: >40 men; >50
women
10 important tests:› A1C› BP› Cholesterol› Eye exam› Urine test› Foot exam› Dental exam› Weight› Flu shot› Pneumonia shot
![Page 11: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
A leading cause of blindness Leading cause of non-accident
amputations Kidney disease Nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy) Heart attack / stroke
![Page 12: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Oralmedication
only58%
No medication
16%
Insulin only 12%
Insulin and oral
medication14%
Treatment of DiabetesTreatment of Diabetes
National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse. National Diabetes Statistics, 2011. Available at: http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics/
![Page 15: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Estimated to cost more than $174 billion annually.› Direct medical costs = $116 billion› Indirect costs = $58 billion
$1 in every $5 health care dollars spent on caring for someone diagnosed with diabetes
![Page 16: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
“The best time to plant a tree is 20 years ago. The second best time is now.”
Chinese Proverb
Good news with diabetes prevention› Small steps matter
![Page 18: After eating, most food is turned into glucose, the body’s main source of energy. What Happens When We Eat? American Diabetes Association](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ebd5503460f94bc6f7b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Active interventions (vs placebo) would:
Cost-Effectiveness of Lifestyle Cost-Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modification or Metformin: DPPModification or Metformin: DPP
Herman WH, et al for the Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group.Ann Intern Med. 2005:142:323-332.
Intensive Lifestyle
Metformin
Delay onset oftype 2 diabetes by
11.1 years 3.4 years
Reduce incidence oftype 2 diabetes by
20% 8%
Increase life expectancy by
0.5 years 0.2 years
Cost per QALY $1,124 $31,286
QALY = Quality Adjusted Life Years