agenda 11/13- cp biology review homework quick sketch(es) of how respiratory and circulatory system...

Agenda 11/13- CP Biology

• Review Homework• Quick sketch(es) of how respiratory and

circulatory system work together to get O2 from the air to a mitochondrion

• Cellular Respiration- start– HW- packet, pages 75, 84, and 86 only

Agenda 11/13/14- Cellular Respiration

• Bellwork• New Information: Cellular Respiration• Lab/Activity: Start virtual lab (cellular

respiration and photosynthesis)• HW- none

Bellwork 11/13/14

1. Which process do elk and other Yellowstone animals use to convert energy in their food into ATP? A. cellular respiration B. filtration C. osmosis D. photosynthesis

2. What directly supplies the energy needed to actively transport sodium ions across the plasma membrane of a cell? A. DNAB. ATPC. enzymes D. lipids

Adenine Ribose 3 Phosphate groups

ATP - Adenosine TriphosphateEnergy storage molecule

Formation of ATP

ADP

Energy

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Partiallychargedbattery

Fullychargedbattery

ATP stores enough energy for many cellular functions.


ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate

ATP

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Mitochondrion

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP)

(In prokaryotes, cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and cell membrane.)

Glucose

Glycolysis Krebs cycle

Electrontransport

Fermentation (no oxygen)

Alcohol or lactic

acid

Energy for Life Processes

Cellular Respiration: chemical energy stored in glucose is released by breaking bonds and is transferred into ATP molecules.

GlucoseGlycolysis

Cytoplasm

Pyruvic acid

Electrons carried in NADH

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

Mitochondrion

Mitochondrion

Cellular Respiration

O2

CO2

H2O

Electrons in NADH, FADH2

Glucose

To the electron transport chain

2 Pyruvic acids

GlycolysisGlyco (glucose), lysis (cutting)

2 ATP’s 4 ATP’s = 2 ATP’sNet

Gain

NO O2 REQUIRED FOR GLYCOLYSIS!!

Occurs in cytoplasm

Glucose

To the electron transport chain

2 Pyruvic acids

GlycolysisGlyco (glucose), lysis (cutting)

2 ATP’s 4 ATP’s = 2 ATP’sNet

Gain

What’s produced during glycolysis?• 2 ATP • 2 Pyruvic acids• 2 NADH (carrying 2 high energy electrons)

Glucose


Electrontransport

Fermentation (without oxygen)

Alcohol or lactic acid

If O2 is present, glycolysis leads to AEROBIC cellular respiration (the Krebs aka Citric Acid Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain).

AEROBIC cellular respiration


Carbon Dioxide(CO2)

+Water (H2O)

+ ATP

Glucose(C6H1206)

+Oxygen

(02)

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis

Citric Acid

(Krebs)Cycle

ElectronTransport

Chain


Kreb’s Cycle

What’s produced during the Krebs Cycle?

1. CO2 (exhaled as waste)2. NADH and FADH2 (with high energy electrons!)3. 2 ATP

Glucose Glycolysis

Cytoplasm

Pyruvic acid

Electrons carried in NADH

Krebs Cycle

Electrons carried in NADH and

FADH2 Electron Transport Chain

Mitochondrion

Mitochondrion

Cellular RespirationThe high-energy electrons produced in glycolysis and the Kreb’s cycle go on the electron transport chain to convert ADP into ATP.

O2

CO2

H2O


e-

e-

e-

e-

Oxygen - binds with two waste products (2 H+ & 2 electrons) to produce H2O: this is why O2 is essential!

32 ATPsNet Gain

per Glucose



32 ATP’sNet Gain

per Glucose



What’s produced?• 32 ATP• H2O


ATP - Adenosine TriphosphateEnergy storage molecule

Cellular Respiration Overview (Eukaryotes)

2 ATP + 2 ATP + 32 ATP = 36 ATP’s

glycolysis Krebs cycle

Electron Transport

Pyruvate

NADH

NADH, FADH2

Agenda 11/14/14- Cellular Respiration

• Bellwork• New Information: Fermentation- how do

cells manage to get energy without oxygen?• Lab/Activity: finish lab, finish questions

(HW if not done in class)• Quiz Monday- study!• Rest of packet due Tuesday

Bellwork

Cellular Respiration Overview (Eukaryotes)

2 ATP + 2 ATP + 32 ATP = 36 ATP’s

glycolysis Krebs cycle

Electron Transport

Pyruvate

NADH

NADH, FADH2

Glucose


Electrontransport

Fermentation (no oxygen)

Alcohol or lactic

acid

Energy for Life Processes

Cellular Respiration: chemical energy stored in glucose is released by breaking bonds and is transferred into ATP molecules.

Overview of Cellular Respiration

• Glycolosis– Where:

• cytosol (cytoplasm)– Products:

• 2 pyruvic acid molecules• 2 ATP• 2 NADH


• Krebs Cycle– Only if O2 is present!– Where:

• Mitochondrion (matrix)– Products:

• 2 ATP• NADH and FADH2


• Electron Transport Chain– Only happens if O2 present!– Where:

• Inner membrane of mitochondrion– Products:

• H2O• 32 ATP

What if no Oxygen is available?Ex: Anaerobic exercise

•Only Glycolysis can run.•2 ATP’s per Glucose molecule.

• Only 1/18th or 5% of the energy is produced.• This is why sprinters can’t run forever!

Fermentation

• Anaerobic (an= no, aero= oxygen)• Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, doesn’t require

oxygen• If no oxygen is present, glycolysis is followed

by fermentation• In eukaryotes, lactic acid fermentation or

alcoholic fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation• Pyruvic acid + NADH Lactic acid + NAD+

• When the body can’t provide the tissues with enough O2, this process occurs (as during rapid exercise).

Alcoholic Fermentation

• Pyruvic acid + NADH Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+

• Conducted by yeast (causes bread to rise because CO2 produced)

Endosymbiotic Theory (Lynn Margulis, 1981)

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts may have originated as free-living prokaryotes that lived symbiotically within cells, leading to eukaryotes.

• Evidence:– Circular DNA– Two or more cell membranes, with the innermost one

similar to prokaryotic cell membranes– Ribosomes

Compare/Contrast Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Energy Storing or Releasing

Products

Reactants

Location

agenda 11/13- cp biology review homework quick sketch(es) of how respiratory and circulatory system...

Documents