aggregate columns bibliography - … columns november 2012 page 1 of 13 r02 geotechnical solutions...

AGGREGATE COLUMNS

November 2012 of 13 R02 GEOTECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR SOIL IMPROVEMENT,

RAPID EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION,

AND STABILIZATION OF PAVEMENT WORKING PLATFORM

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The references listed below were identified and utilized to complete the technology summaries,

assessments, and website documents. Following the reference list is a reference matrix that

provides a means of efficiently identifying the information provided in each reference.

References

Al-Homoud, A.S., and Degen, W.S. (2006). “Marine stone columns to prevent earthquake

induced soil liquefaction.” Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 24, 775-790.

Abdulah, C.H., and Edil, T.B. (2007). “Behaviour of geogrid-reinforced load transfer platforms

for embankment on rammed aggregate piers.” Geosynthetics International, 14(3), 141-153.

Allgood, C., Weppler, L., Lien, B., Fox, N., (2003). “Case Studies for Building Foundations

over Soft Organic Soils and Peat.” Nottingham Problematic Soils Conference, July 2003.

Ashford, S.A., Rollins, K.M, Bradford, C., Weaver T.J., and Baez, J.I. (2000). “Liquefaction

mitigation using stone columns around deep foundations.” Transporation Research Record

No. 1736, 110-118.

Ayadat, T. and Hanna, A.M. (2005). “Encapsulated stone columns as a soil improvement

technique for collapsible soil.” Ground Improvement, 9(4), 137-147.

Baez, J.I. (1995). A design model for the reduction of liquefaction by Vibro Stone Columns.

Dissertation, University of Southern California.

Baez, J.I. and Martin, G. (1993), "Advances in the Design of Vibro Systems for the

Improvement of Liquefaction Resistance." Proceedings of the Symposium on Ground

Improvement, Vancouver, British Columbia.

Barksdale, R.D. and Bachus, R.C. (1983a). Design and Construction of Stone Columns Vol. I.

FHWA/RD-83/026.

Barksdale, R.D. and Bachus, R.C. (1983b). Design and Construction of Stone Columns Vol. II.

FHWA/RD-83/027.

Clemente, J. L. M. and Parks, Christopher (2005). “Stone columns for control of power station

foundation settlements.” Proc., Geo-Frontiers 2005: Innovations in Grouting and Soil

Improvement, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication 136, ASCE, Reston, VA.

Collin, J. G., (2007a) “Evaluation of Rammed Aggregate Piers by Geopier Foundation

Company Final Report” Technical Evaluation Report prepared by the Highway

Innovative Technology Evaluation Center, ASCE, September 2007.

AGGREGATE COLUMNS




BIBLIOGRAPHY

Carchedi, David R.; Monaghan, Justin and Parra, Jorge. (2006). “Ground Modification and

Seismic Mitigation.” Innovative Stabilization of Peat Soils for Railroad Foundation Using

Rammed Aggregate Piers. Proceedings of Sessions of GeoShanghai. June 2006.

Deb, K., Basudhar, P.K., Chandra, S. (2007). “Generalized model for geosynthetic-reinforced

granular fill-soft soil with stone columns.” International Journal of Geomechanics, 7(4),

266-276.

Dwyer, L.; Fitzpatrick, Brendan and Wheeler, J. (2006). “Ground Modification and Seismic

Mitigation.” Reduction of Settlement Risk at an Organic Soil Site in New England.

Proceedings of Sessions of GeoShanghai. June 2006.

Elias, V., Welsh, J., Warren, J., Lukas, R., Collin, J.G., and Berg, R.R. (2006a) Ground

Improvement Methods Reference Manual, Federal Highway Administration FHWA NHI-06-

019, August 2006.

Elshazly, H, Hafez, D., and Mosaad, M. (2007). “Settlement of circular foundations on stone-

column-reinforced grounds.” Ground Improvement, 11(3), 163-170.

Farrell, T. and Taylor, A. (2004). “Rammed Aggregate Pier Design and Construction in

California – Performance, Constructability, and Economics.” Structural Engineers

Association of California 2004 Convention Proceedings. Placerville, CA. 2004.

Fitzpatrick, B.T. and Wissmann, K.J. (2006). “Vibration and Noise Levels.” Geopier Foundation

Company, Technical Bulletin Number 9.

Fox, N.S. and Cowell, M.J. (1998). Geopier Foundation and Soil Reinforcement Manual,

Geopier Foundation Company, Inc., Scottsdale, Arizona.

Fox, N. S. and Edil, T. B. (2000). “Case Histories of Rammed Aggregate Pier™ Soil

Reinforcement Construction Over Peat and Highly Organic Soils.” Geopier® Foundation

Company, Technical Paper Number 1.

Fox, N. S. and Lien, B. H. (2001a). “Geopier® Soil Reinforcement Technology: An Overview.”

Proceedings, Asian Institute of Technology Conference. Bangkok, Thailand. November.

Fox, N. S. and Lien, B. H. (2001b). “Geopier® Floating Foundations- A Solution for the Mekong

Delta Region, Vietnam.” Proceedings of the International Conference on Management of the

Land and Water Resources. Hanoi, Vietnam. October 20-22.

AGGREGATE COLUMNS




BIBLIOGRAPHY

Fox, N., Weppler, L. and Scherbeck, R. (2004). “Geopier Soil Reinforcement System – Case

Histories of High Bearing Capacity Footing Support and Floor Slab Support.” Fifth

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, April 2004.

Girsang, C., Gutierrez, M. and Wissmann, K. (2004). “Modeling of the Seismic Response of the

Aggregate Pier Foundation System.” GeoSupport Conference, January 2004.

Guetif, Z., Bouassida, M., Debats, J.M. (2007). “Improved soft clay characteristics due to stone

column installation.” Computers and Geotechnics, 34, 104-111.

Hall, K., Wissmann, K. J., Caskey, J. M. and FitzPatrick, B. T. (2002). “Soil Reinforcement

Used to Arrest Bearing Capacity Failure at a Steel Mill.” Proceedings of the 4th

International

Conference on Ground Improvement Techniques. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. March 26-28.

Han, J. and Ye, S. (2001). “Simplified method for consolidation rate of stone column reinforced

foundations.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 127(7),

597-603.

Han, J. and Ye, S.L. (2002). “A theoretical solution for consolidation rates of stone column-

reinforced foundations accounting for smear and well resistance effects.” The International

Journal of Geomechanics, 2(2), 135-151.

Han, K. K., Lien, B. and Fox, N. S. (2002b). “Stabilizing Landslides Using Rammed Aggregate

Piers.” 5th

Malaysian Road Conference, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, October 7-9, 2002.

Han, K. K., Fox, N. S. and Lien, B. (2002c). “Innovated and Alternative Foundation Systems.”

2nd IKRAM International Geotechnical Conference (IGEO-2). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Oct. 28.

Handy, R. L. (2001). “Does Lateral Stress Really Influence Settlement?” ASCE Journal of

Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. July.

Handy, R.L. and White, D.J. (2006a). “Stress zones near displacement piers: I. Plastic and

liquefied behavior.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 132(1), 54-

62.

Handy, R.L. and White, D.J. (2006b). “Stress zones near displacement piers: II. Radial cracking

and wedging.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 132(1), 63-71.

Handy, R. L. and Wissmann, K. J. (1999). “Short Aggregate Piers Reinforce Soils Near

Tunnels.” Proceedings of the 3rd

National Conference, Geo-Engineering for Underground

Facilities, June 13-17, 1999, University of Illinois at Urbana-Campaign, pp.1039-1047.

AGGREGATE COLUMNS




BIBLIOGRAPHY

Hassandi, A.C. and Edil, T.B. (undated). “Behavior of geogrid-reinforced load transfer platforms

for embankment supported on rammed aggregate piers.” GI379.

Köhler, Dr. Ulf and Heibrock, Dr. Gunnar. (2004). “Geopier Bohr – Rammsäulen – eine

Alternative zu Tiefgründungen.” (Wind-Tower article in German) Geotechnik. Volume 27,

Number 3. 2004

Kumar, S. (2001). “Reducing liquefaction potential using dynamic compaction and construction

of stone columns.” Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 19, 169-182.

Lawton, E. C. (2000). “Performance of Geopier Reinforced Soil Foundations During Simulated

Seismic Tests on I-15 Bridge Bents.” Proceedings of Soil Mechanics 2000 and Journal of the

Transportation Research Board. Washington, DC 2000.

Lawton, E. C. and Fox, N. S. (1994). “Settlement of Structures Supported on Marginal or

Inadequate Soils Stiffened with Short Aggregate Piers.” Proceedings, Vertical and Horizontal

Deformations of Foundations and Embankments. College Station, TX. June 16-18.

Lawton, E. C., Fox, N. S. and Handy, R. L. (1994). “Control of Settlement and Uplift of

Structures Using Short Aggregate Piers.” Proceedings, IN-SITU Deep Soil Improvements.

October 9-13.

Lien, B. H. and Fox, N. S. (2001). “Case Histories of Geopier® Soil Reinforcement for

Transportation Applications.” Proceedings, Asian Institute of Technology Conference.

Bangkok, Thailand. November.

Lien, B. H., Fox, N. S. and Han K. K. (2002b). “Geopier® Floating Foundations – A Solution for

Roadway Embankments Over Soft Soils in Asia.” 2nd

World Engineering Congress in

Sarawak, Malasia, July 22-25, 2002.

Lien, B. H., Fox, N. S., Morales, E. M. and Han K. K. (2002a). “Case Histories and Design of

Floating Foundations With Geopier® Rammed Aggregate Pier Elements.” Proceedings of the

4th

International Conference on Ground Improvement Techniques. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

March 26-28.

Lien, B.H., Fox, N.S., and Kwong, H.K. (2003). “Rammed aggregate pier soil reinforcement

system for roadway embankments over soft soils and peat.” Proceedings of the Twelfth

Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 489-492.

Lillis, C., Lutenegger, A. and Adams, M. (2004). “Compression and Uplift of Rammed

Aggregate Piers in Clay.” GeoSupport Conference, January 2004.

AGGREGATE COLUMNS




BIBLIOGRAPHY

Loehr, J.E., Ang, E.C., Parra, J.R., and Bowders, J.J. (2004). “Design Methodology for

Stabilizing Slopes Using Recycled Plastic Reinforcement.” Proceedings of Geo-Trans 2004.

Los Angeles, CA. July 27-31.

Lopez, R. A. and Shao, L. (2007). “Use of a state and seismic deformation criteria for vibro

replacement stone columns: A case history.” Proc., Geo-Denver Conference, ASCE

Geotechnical Special Publication No. 172: Soil Improvement, ASCE, Reston, VA.

Mackiewicz, S.M. and Camp, W.M. (2007). “Ground Modification: How Much Improvement?”,

Proc., Geo-Denver Conference, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication No. 172: Soil

Improvement, ASCE, Reston, VA.

Majchrzak, M., Lew, M., Sorensen, K., and Farrell, T. (2004). “Settlement of Shallow

Foundations Constructed Over Reinforced Soil: Design Estimates vs. Measurements.” Fifth

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, April 2004.

Miller, J. P., Richards, J. N., and Wissmann, K. J. (2007). “Analysis of uniformly loaded floor

slabs supported by rammed aggregate pier elements.” GeoDenver 2007, GSP-172: Soil

Improvement.

Minks, A. G., Wissmann, K. J., Caskey, J. M. and Pando, M. A. (2001). “Distribution of Stresses

and Settlements Below Floor Slabs Supported by Rammed Aggregate Piers.” Proceedings,

54th

Canadian Geotechnical Conference. Calgary, Alberta. September 16-19.

Mitchell, J.K. (1981b). “Soil Improvement: State-of-the-Art”. Session 12, Tenth International

Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Stockholm, Sweden, June 15-

19.

Mitchell, J.K. and Huber, T.M. (1985). “Performance of a Stone Column Foundation.” Journal

of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, 111 (2), 205-223.

Moser, K. R., Cowell, M. J. and Wissmann, K. J. (1999). “Use of Rammed Aggregate Piers in

Place Deep Foundations for Settlement and Uplift Control of Buildings and Retaining

Walls.” Proceedings, 13th

Ohio River Valley Soils Seminar. October.

Murugesan, S. and Rajagopal, K. (2006). “Geosynthetic-encased stone columns: Number

evaluation.” Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 24, 349-358.

O’Malley, E. S., Saunders, S.A., and Ecker, J.J. (2004). “Slope rehabilitations at the Baltimore-

Washington Parkway with rammed aggregate piers.” Transportation Research Record:

Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1974, 136-146.

AGGREGATE COLUMNS




BIBLIOGRAPHY

Parra, Jorge R.; Caskey, J. Matthew; Marx, Eric, and Dennis, Norman. (2007). “Stabilization of

Failing Slopes Using Rammed Aggregate Pier Reinforcing Elements.” Presented at Geo-

Denver 2007. February 2007.

Pham, Ha T. V., Suleiman, M., and White, D. (2004). “Numerical analysis of geosynthetic-

rammed aggregate pier supported embankments,” GeoTrans 2004. ASCE.

Pham, Ha T.V.; and White, David. (2007). “Support Mechanism of Rammed Aggregate Piers –

II. Numerical Analysis.” May 2007.

Pitt, J.M., White, D., Gaul, A., and Hoevelkamp, K. (2003). “Highway applications for rammed

aggregate piers in Iowa soils.” Iowa Department of Transportation, Project TR-443.

Priebe, H.J.. (1995). “The design of vibro replacement.” Ground Engineering, 28(10), 31-37.

Priebe, H. J. (1998). “Vibro Replacement to prevent earthquake induced liquefaction.” Ground

Engineering, September, 30-33.

Rizzo, P., Dulude, J., Carter, M., and Holchin, J. (1997). “Stone columns for remediating

liquefaction-prone sands,” Waterpower, 264-273.

Shenthan, T., Thevanayagam, S., and Martin, G.R. (2006). “Numerical simulation of soil

densification using vibro-stone columns,” ASCE, Geotechnical Engineering in the

Information Age, Eds. D.J. Degroot et al.

Shields, C., FitzPatrick, B. and Wissmann, K. (2004). “Modulus Load Test Results for Rammed

Aggregate Piers in Granular Soils.” GeoSupport Conference, January 2004.

Siegel, T., Caskey, M., and Huckaba, D., (2005). “Combination of Ground Improvement

Techniques For Support of Shallow Foundations in Karst.” Proceedings of Sessions of Geo-

Frontiers 2005. Austin, TX, January 24-26, 2005.

Srinivasan, S., Smithson, J., and Viswanathan, R. (2002). “Case Study of Ground Modification

to Control Settlement in Uncontrolled Fill.” Ohio River Valley Soils Seminar XXXIII,

Cincinnati, OH. October 18.

Stark, T.D. and Yacyshyn, B.M. (1991). “Specifications for constructing and load testing stone

columns in clays.” Deep Foundation Improvements: Design, Construction, and Testing,

ASTM STP 1089, 73-84.

Suleiman, M. T. and White, D. (2006). “Load transfer in rammed aggregate piers.” International

Journal of Geomechanics, 6(6), 389-398.

AGGREGATE COLUMNS




BIBLIOGRAPHY

Sutterer, K., Hanson, J., Bullard, J. and Struewing, T. (2004). “Design, Construction, and

Monitoring of Rammed Aggregate Piers for a Structure over Soft Soils.” Proceedings of

Orvis Conference. Akron, OH, Spring 2004.

Weber, T.M. (2006). “Centrifuge modeling of ground improvement under embankments.” An

International Journal for Engineering and Information Sciences, 1(2), 3-15.

White, D. and Suleiman, M. (2004). “Design of Short Aggregate Piers to Support Highway

Embankments.” Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, January 2004.

White, D. J., Lawton, E. C. and Pitt, J. M. (2000). “Lateral Earth Pressure Induced by Rammed

Aggregate Piers.” Proceedings, 53rd

Annual Canadian Geotechnical Conference. Montreal,

Canada.

White, D., Wissmann, K., Barnes, A. and Gaul, A. (2002a). “Embankment Support: A

Comparison of Stone Column and Rammed Aggregate Pier Soil Reinforcement.”

Proceedings of the 55th

Canadian Geotechnical and 3rd

Joint IAH-CNC and CGS

Groundwater Specialty Conferences. Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. October 20-23.

White, D., Wissmann, K., Barnes, A. and Gaul, A. (2002b). “Design of Short Aggregate Piers

to Support Highway Embankments.” Proceedings of Soil Mechanics 2004 and Journal of the

Transportation Research Board. Washington, DC 2004.

White, D.J. and Hoevelkamp, K. (2004). “Settlement Monitoring of Large Box Culvert

Supported by Rammed Aggregate Piers – A Case History.” Proceedings of Geo-Trans 2004.

Los Angeles, CA. July 27-31.

White, D.J., Pham., H.T.V., Hoevelkamp, K.K. (2007c). “Support mechanisms of rammed

aggregatre piers. I: Experimental results.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental

Engineering, 133(12), 1503-1511.

Wissmann, K. J. and Fox, N. S. (2000). “Design and Analysis of Short Aggregate Piers Used to

Reinforce Soils for Foundation Support.” Proceedings, Darmstadt Technical University

Colloquium. Darmstadt, Germany. March.

Wissmann, K. J. and Minks, A. G. (1999). “Innovative Foundation System Hits a Home Run at

Memphis Autozone Park.” Paper presented at the Memphis Area Engineering Society

Conference. May.

Wissmann, K. J., FitzPatrick, B. T., White, D. J., Lien, B. H. (2002). “Improving Global Stability

and Controlling Settlement with Geopier® Soil Reinforcing Elements.” Proceedings of the

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

4th

International Conference on Ground Improvement Techniques. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

March 26-28.

Wissmann, K. J., Fox, N. S. and Martin, J. P. (2000). “Rammed Aggregate Piers Defeat 75-Foot

Long Driven Piles.” Proceedings, Performance Confirmation of Constructed Geotechnical

Facilities. ASCE Special Publication No. 194. Amherst, MA. April 9-12.

Wissmann, K. J., Moser, K. and Pando, M. A. (2001b). “Reducing Settlement Risks In Residual

Piedmont Soils Using Rammed Aggregate Pier Elements.” Proceedings, ASCE Specialty

Conference. Blacksburg, VA. June 9-13.

Wissmann, K. J., Williamson, T., Jean, C. and Ringholz, R. (2001a). “Use of Geopier® Soil

Reinforcing Elements to Support a Large Aboveground Storage Tank Facility in Texas.”

Independent Liquid Terminals Association 2001 Annual Operating Conference. Houston,

TX. June 11-14.

Wissmann, Kord J.; White, David J., and Lawton, Evert. (2007) “Load Test Comparisons for

Rammed Aggregate Piers and Pier Groups.” Presented at Geo-Denver 2007. February 2007.

Wong, D.O., FitzPatrick, B.T. and Wissmann, K.J. (2004). “Stabilization of Retaining Walls and

Embankments Using Rammed Aggregate PiersTM

.” Proceedings of Geo-Trans 2004. Los

Angeles, CA. July 27-31.

AGGREGATE COLUMNS




REFERENCE MATRIX

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Al-Homoud and Degen (2006)

Abdulah and Edil (2007)

Allgood et al. (2003)

Ashford et al. (2000)

Ayadat and Hanna (2005)

Baez (1995)

Baez and Martin (1993)

Barksdale and Bachus (1983a

and b)

Clemente and Parks (2005)

Carchedi et al. (2006)

Collin (2007a)

Deb et al. (2007)

Dwyer et al. (2006)

Elias et al (2006a)

Elshazly et al. (2007)

Farrell and Taylor (2004)

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REFERENCE MATRIX (CONTINUED)

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Fitzpatrick and Wissmann

(2006)

Fox and Cowell (1998)

Fox and Edil (2000)

Fox and Lien (2001a)

Fox and Lien (2001b)

Fox et al. (2004)

Girsang et al. (2004)

Guetif et al. (2007)

Hall et al. (2002)

Han and Ye (2001)

Han and Ye (2002)

Han et al. (2002b)

Han et al. (2002c)

Handy (2001)

Handy and White (2006a)

Handy and White (2006b)

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Handy and Wissmann (1999)

Hassandi and Edil (undated)

Kumar (2001)

Lawton (2000)

Lawton and Fox (1994)

Lawton et al. (1994)

Lien and Fox (2001)

Lien et al. (2002b)

Lien et al. (2002a)

Lien et al. (2003)

Lillis et al. (2004)

Lopez and Shao (2007)

Mackiewicz and Camp (2007)

Majchrzak et al. (2004)

Miller et al. (2007)

Mitchell (1981b)

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Murugesan and Rajagopal

(2006)

Minks et al. (2001)

Moser et al. (1999)

O'Malley et al. (2004)

Parra et al. (2007)

Pham et al. (2004)

Pham and White (2007)

Pitt et al. (2003)

Priebe (1995)

Priebe (1998)

Rizzo et al. (1997)

Shenthan et al. (2006)

Shields et al. (2004)

Siegel et al. (2005)

Srinivasan et al. (2002)

Stark and Yacyshyn (1991)

AGGREGATE COLUMNS





KEY: = item addressed in

reference

TE

CH

NO

LO

GY

OV

ER

VIE

W

SIT

E C

HA

RA

CT

ER

IZA

TIO

N

AN

AL

YS

IS T

EC

HN

IQU

ES

DE

SIG

N P

RO

CE

DU

RE

DE

SIG

N C

OD

ES

CO

NS

TR

UC

TIO

N M

ET

HO

DS

CO

NS

TR

UC

TIO

N T

IME

EQ

UIP

ME

NT

/CO

NT

RA

CT

OR

S

CO

NS

TR

UC

TIO

N L

OA

DS

CO

NT

RA

CT

ING

CO

NS

TR

UC

TIO

N S

PE

CS

QA

/QC

PE

RF

OR

MA

NC

E C

RIT

ER

IA

MO

NIT

OR

ING

GE

OT

EC

HN

ICA

L L

IMIT

AT

ION

S

NO

N-G

EO

TE

CH

LIM

ITA

TIO

NS

CA

SE

HIS

TO

RY

EN

VIR

ON

ME

NT

AL

IM

PA

CT

S

INIT

IAL

CO

ST

LIF

E C

YC

LE

CO

ST

S

DU

RA

BIL

ITY

RE

LIA

BIL

ITY

Suleiman and White (2006)

Sutterer et al. (2004)

Weber (2006)

White and Suleiman (2004)

White et al. (2000)

White et al. (2002a)

White et al. (2002b)

White and Hoevelkamp (2004)

White et al. (2007c)

Wissmann and Fox (2000)

Wissmann and Minks (1999)

Wissmann et al. (2002)


Wissmann et al. (2001b)

Wissmann et al. (2001a)


Wong et al. (2004)

aggregate columns bibliography - … columns november 2012 page 1 of 13 r02 geotechnical solutions...

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