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Agribusiness Countryside & Development Foundation

Manila Polo Club June 20, 2006

Bamboo for Environmental Protection and Livelihood

UNDP Bamboo ProjectNortheast, India

KAWAYAN: PANGKALIKASAN AT PANGKABUHAYAN

The National Statistical Coordination Board(NSCB) announced on Friday, December 9,2005 that the country has little chance in

attaining the eight Millinneum Development Goals (MDGs) set by 189 United Nations

(UN) member states in 2000.

Manila Bulletin Saturday, December 10, 2005

Bamboo is veryversatile and all its parts

– from the roots to the leaves – can be used.

Bamboo has over 1,500 recorded uses:v SHOOTS – for food and winev LEAVES – for medicine, beer and fodderv BRANCHES – for brooms and furniture décorv TOP PORTION OF THE CULM – for handicraftv LOWER TO MIDDLE PORTION OF THE CULM –

for furniture and construction v ROOTS –for handicraft and charcoalvWHOLE CULM & WASTES – for pulp & paper,

MDF, charcoal and high-value vinegar

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Bamboo can be an important vehicle for poverty alleviation and sustainable and widespread development, especially in areas

where there is deep-rooted poverty due to a dependency on a single resource for livelihood.

Many poor farmers rely on one crop such as rice and work onlyan average of 30 days in one year.

Farmers as well as their families can continue with their present livelihood and engage in bamboo propagation and

processing activities during their spare time; bamboo, therefore, can augment economic opportunity, income and employment

in relatively underdeveloped areas.

v SHOOTS - for Foodand Income Generation

Bamboo shoots are a good source of v fiber which helps keep

cholesterol levels in check and plays a role in preventing colon cancer.

v potassium which helps to maintain normal bloodpressure and a steady heart beat.

v lignans & phenolic acids, which have anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity.

Phenolic acids are potentantioxidants which helpprevent cancer and the blood vessel injury.

sOne hectare of Phyllostachys pubescens(Moso bamboo) can bring an average annual income of 15,000 RMB (1870 USD or P 93,500.00).

sOne hectare of Phyllostachys praecox that produces shoots, can bring an average annual income of 45,000 RMB (5625 USD or P 281,250.00).

sOne hectare of Dendrocamopsis latiflorus(machiku ) that produces both culms and shoots can bring 45,000 yuan (5,625 USD or P 281,250.00) each year.

sDendrocalamus asper or giant bamboo which thrives in the Philippines has the same productivity as latiflorus .

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Kawayang Tinik – Bambusa Blumeanafor Shoot & Pole Production

Planting Distance 7 x 7 meters (225 clumps/ha.)

Yield 10 shoots of 2 kgs. each & 5 poles/year

Income 10 shoots x 2 kgs. x P30.00 = P600.00/clump

P600.00/clump x 225 clumps = P 135,000.00

5 poles x P35.00 = P175.00/clump

P175.00/clump x 225 clumps = P 39,375.00

Annual Income per Hectare = P 174,375.00

In China, planting distance is 4 x 5 meters (500 clumps)and yield is between 20 to 25 new shoots/year)

The Japanese have used

bamboo as animal feed for

hundreds of years.

AN ANCIENT MEDICINE ... Bamboo has for centuries been used

in Chinese herbal medicine . Tabasheer, the powdered, hardened

secretion from bamboo is used internally to treat asthma, coughs and can be used as an aphrodisiac. In China, ingredients from the root

of the black bamboo help treat kidney disease.

vLEAVES – for fodder, medicine & beer

vBRANCHES – for brooms, furniture décor

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vTOP PORTION OF THE CULM – for handicraftvMIDDLE & LOWER PORTION OF THE CULM –

furniture and construction

Improve Farmer’s Houses

vMIDDLE & LOWER PORTION OF THE CULM – for furniture and construction

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Ecotour ism

Utilize waste to:- ease pressure on

the remainingforest

-lower the costof bamboo

vALL PARTS / WASTE PRODUCTS –for charcoal

Ø Bamboos are excellent for rejuvenating degraded lands and protection against soil erosion, landslides and slippage. Itsmassive root system helps control soil erosion and surface run-off in fragile riverbanks.

2. ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY

Bamboos help in carbon sequestration (12 tons per hectare per annum) and conservation of biodiversity; it produces a big amount of biomass which conserves ground moisture (thusrestoring the aquifer); and, is converted to rich organic matter when it decomposes.

Degraded brickmining land inUtthan, India

Four years after planting 106ha. of bamboo grove – water levelwhich has fallen to 40 meters deep

rose to 33.7 meters.

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Bamboo can be used as reinforcementfor methane gas (biogas) generator instead

of steel. The use of biogas as fuel helps conserveforest resources; provides cleaner fuel. Excess

methane can be sold to augment farmer’sincome while the slurry can be used or

sold as fertilizer.

Thermal Gasifier

For continuous production of charcoal (100 kg/hr) from

bamboo which is also capableof producing 50 KW of

electricity.

3. Bamboo is harvest3. Bamboo is harvest--friendly.friendly.

Ø Bamboos start to yield 3-4 years after being planted.

Ø They can be harvested annually and non-destructively . Bamboo has the ability to regenerate or replace itself when damaged or extracted/harvested.

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4. Abundance of knowledge& technologies about bamboo

5. There is an increasing demand for bamboo poles, components & products in the local market.

The Chamber of Furniture Industries

of the Philippines needed more than 1.5 million poles in 2004 and components like

crushed bamboo(tadtad).

Bamboo farmers in manyareas especially in Mindanao

want to burn their bamboogroves because they do not

know where to sell them.

Ø Bamboo flooring enjoys a very good demand especially in environment-conscious Europe!

Ø The demand for other industrial bamboo products - -mat or particle boards, chopsticks, woven blinds and place mats, pulp and paper and textile -- is increasingat a very high rate throughout the world

WORLD TRADE ON BAMBOO WAS ESTIMATED AT US $12 BILLION IN 2003

WITH AN ANNUAL GROWTH OF $2B!

Ø There is a big demand for bamboo shoots especially inJapan.

6. There is a rapidly increasing market forbamboo in the export markets

INDICATOR CHINA INDIA NEPAL PHILIPPINESSpecies > 400 125 53 62Genera <40 23 11 19 Monopodial, Indigenous and 15 primary 21 endemic

sympodial exotic species species species of whichTypes and mixed types with 11 species 13 are climbers, 8

with Phyllostachys considered as are erect. Sevenpubescens as major major ones of the erect arespecies commercially

important.6.79 million hectares 10.18 million 62.891 ha. With 39,211 to 52,711of which about 56% hectares of which more than 33% ha.; mostly natural

Bamboo (1993) are plantations. 12.8% of its concentrated in stands in privateArea Total bamboo forest area; about the eastern and public lands.

area is 2.95% 1.11million ha. are development Plantations coverof total forest area. under plantations region 7,054 ha.96.32 million tons 4.49 million tons 194,964 tons 2.48 million tonsexcluding stocks innon-plantation areas Dominant are

Stock Phyllostachys Bambusa blumeana,Volume pubescens, a Schizostachyum,

monopodial is 70% S. diffufum of the total stockvolume

Yield per 25.41 tons 0.50 tons 3.10 tons 6.44 tonshectarePole 12.19 million tons 803,866 tons (1993) 18,463 tons (1995) 3,167 tons (1995)Production (1995); annual growth 2.23% annual 31.62% growth

12.76% annualrate is 7.98% growth growth

Value of US$ 1.04 billion US$ 23.3 million US$ 2.65 million US$ 39.5 millionPoles

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68%Forested lands

3%Gov/t plantations

5%Private Plantations

24%Natural lands

%Land Classification

Location of Resources

15871Bukidnon11181Davao N

11560Iloilo650CamarinesS50Pangasinan

9770Abra

haProvince

• ABRA 28 million pesos • PANGASINAN 138 million pesos• CAMARINES SUR 26 million pesos• ILOILO 56 million pesos• BUKIDNON 5 million pesos• DAVAO NORTE 26 million pesos

The world market for baskets and otherbamboo handicraft is growing at a fast pace;

Philippine exports is declining.

PHILIPPINE EXPORTS OF BAMBOOFURNITURE

1992 1,836,159 1993 1,401,630 1994 1,224,229 1995 1,510,228 1996 1,572,322 1997 1,786,325 1998 1,590,033 1999 2,673,867 2000 3,180,533

Bamboo furniture export is increasing at a slow pace and

our market share is very small.

v Too much waste – up to 60% ofthe bamboo is wasted comparedto complete utilization in China.

v High cost of transportation – abig contributor is the practiceof transporting the whole poles(including the 60% that will bewasted and the air space)

v Poor productivity – labor cost in China is only 1/3 compared to the Philippines; their productivity isis 30% higher.

v Lack of technologies (tools, jigs)v Poor dissemination of technologies

1. Supply of bamboopoles & shoots

2. Initial processing3. Weaving of components &

products

1. Bamboo buying“bagsakan” market

2. Primary processing3. Shoot Processing

1. Policies & incentives

2. Assistance3. Monitoring

Bamboo IndustryDevelopment Board

PBF

Networking

TechnologyProviders

DOST, DENR/ERDB,CITC, PDDCP

MARKET

Industry Associations

PBFPhilexport,CFIP, PCHI

FUNDING

FAO, UNDP,UNIDO, IFAD,DGIS, IDRC,

ADBPrograms

ProgramProviders

InternationalNetwork for

Bamboo & Rattan(INBAR)

ESTABLISH NETWORK & VALUE CHAIN

FSSI, PBSPABCDF

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Establish community development projects to provide sustainable livelihood through the development and use of bamboo resources.

Industries:Ø ” Industrialize” handicrafts production

Ø Introduce machinery, hand tools & jigsØ Biomass gasifier & biogas

Ø Charcoal making and briquetting enterprises Plantation for Pole Production

At least 30% of all new shoots (earlyand late comers) must be harvestedas shoots for food because they will

not grow well or die.

Establish and manage nurseries and plantationsboth for shoot and pole production to supply

the raw material needs of industry.

We need to acquire tools which will enhance the quality of our bamboo products and improve productivity.

We have to train our workers to designand use jigs so our products will have

uniform shape and dimensions.

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LAMINATED BAMBOO

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Innovative bamboo-based panels

Bamboo veneer

Matboard MDF

Bamboo houses andbuildings are

resistant to earthquake.During strong

earthquakes in SouthAmerica and Gujarat,India, only bamboo

houses were notdestroyed!

Constructions

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Over 230,000 m2 bamboo fire-proof ceiling was use in

the Madrid International airport, Spain. The bamboo

ceiling fits the highest European fire protection standard-M1 and consists

of 5 layers of bamboo veneer.

Bamboo fire-proof ceiling (M1) Pulp & Paper

Bamboo fiber

Bamboo fiber & fabric

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Deodorant in refrigerator Water purification Charcoal mat in a car

Dehumidifier

under floorBamboo vinegar

soapVinegar

for bathtub

Bamboo vinegar

cosmetics

BambooCharcoal

v Training

Ø Training on bamboo nursery and plantation establishment.

v Upgrading of bamboo processing facilities.

Ø Training on bamboo nursery operations, planting, maintenance and harvesting.

Ø Training on bamboo primary processing, treatment and preservation, seasoning/drying.

Ø Training on bamboo processing (furniture, handicraft,construction, bamboo shoots, weaving).

v Study tour and documentation of best practices on bamboo processing in Metro Manila & Pampanga (timed with a exhibition) AND POSSIBLY CHINA

v Establishment of Training cum Production Center (Common Service Facilities)

On Sept. 6-20, INBAR will hold the InternationalWorkshop on Bamboo Industrial Processing

Technologies and Machines in Zhejiang Province.This will include visits to bamboo nurseries &plantations and bamboo processing factories

(shoot processing, primary processing, floorboard,plyboo or matboard, MDF, curtains and mats,

toothpick, chopsticks).

The Philippine Bamboo Foundation will hold the5th National Bamboo Congress in Dumaguete City

on November 6 – 9, 2006

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FACTORIES FOR PROCESSINGINDUSTRIAL BAMBOO PRODUCTS

INCLUDING BAMBOO SHOOTS, FLOOR BOARDS, PANEL BOARDS.

INCLUDING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PLANTATIONS NEAR THE

FACTORIES TO PROVIDE THE RAWMATERIAL NEEDS OF THE COMPANY.

RECIPIENTS WHO DO NOT CONFORM WITH THEIROBLIGATIONS MUST BE TAKEN OUT OF THE PROGRAM

I believe WE can fly...I believe WE can fly...