agricultural r&d trends and challenges in mozambique
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"Agricultural R&D Trends and Challenges in Mozambique", Antonieta Nhamusso, Workshop on Transformation of Agri-food Systems and Commercialization of Smallholder Agriculture in Mozambique: Evidence, Challenges and Implications Maputo, Mozambique, December 9, 2013TRANSCRIPT
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Agricultural R&D Trends and Challenges in Mozambique
Antonieta Nhamusso Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique (IIAM)
Transformation of Agri-food Systems and Commercialization of Smallholder Agriculture in Mozambique: Evidence, Challenges and Implications Maputo | 9–10 December, 2013
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
INTRUDUCTION ASTI PURPOSE BACKGROUND ASTI- IIAM COLLABORATION
AGRICULTURAL R&D MAIN FINDINGS TRENDS MAIN CHALLANGES
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INTRODUCTION
Why S&T indicators? • Formulating policy; Setting priorities • Understanding strategic planning, M&E • Provide information for governments, policy research
institutes, universities and private sector organizations involved in agricultural S&T;
ASTI is an initiative of IFPRI with a mandate to : • Compile, process, analyze, and publicize data on
institutional developments, investments, and capacity in agricultural R&D at national, regional, and international levels
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Background: ASTI-IIAM collaborative study
• Purpose of the study: to identify recent trends relating to financial and human resources for agricultural R&D
• First joint survey round conducted in 2009 provided data from 2004-2008
• Country note published in 2010
• Longer term collaborative agreement signed in 2012 to institutionalize data collection
• 2nd survey round conducted in 2012 provided data from 2009-2011
• Country factsheet published in 2013 (Portuguese version coming soon)
• 3rd survey round to begin in 2014 will collect data from 2012-2013
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Financial Resources
Human Resources
Trends
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Agricultural R&D spending
0.0
4.6
9.2
13.7
18.3
22.9
27.5
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Million 2005 PPP dollars M
illio
n 20
05 m
etic
ais
IIAM IIP Higher education
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Allocation of spending across cost categories at IIAM
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
IIAM
spen
ding
by
cost
cat
egor
y
(mill
ion
2005
met
icai
s)
Salaries Operating & program costs Capital investments
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High share of donor funding at IIAM
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
IIAM
fund
ing
sour
ces
(m
illio
n 20
05 m
etic
ais )
Government Donor
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2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Government funding 38 32 35 42 44 38 44 60
Donor funding 62 68 65 58 56 62 56 40
IIAM and IIP Funding shares (%)
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Research Intensity Ratios
0.000
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.035
0.040
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
FTE researchers per thousand farmers
Spen
ding
as a
shar
e of
AgG
DP
Spending as a share of AgGDP FTE researchers per thousand farmers
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Trends
Financial Resources
Human Resources
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Institutional profile, 2011
Name of agency
Number of full-time
equivalent researchers
Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique (IIAM) 210.0
Instituto de Investigação Pesqueira (IIP) 38.0
Instituto Superior Politécnico de Gaza 12.6
Instituto Superior Politécnico de Manica 15.5
Universidade Eduardo Mondlane
Faculdade de Agronomia e Engenharia Florestal 20.7
Faculdade de Veterinária 13.5
Escola Superior de Ciências Marinhas e Costeiras 3.3
Total 313.6
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Researcher trends
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Num
ber o
f FTE
rese
arch
ers
(FTE
s)
IIAM IIP Higher education (5)
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0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Rese
arch
ers
by d
egre
e (F
TEs)
PhD MSc BSc
Total public researchers
Researchers by degree
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Researchers by degree by institutional category
020406080
100120140160180200220
2004 2008 2011 2004 2008 2011 2004 2008 2011
Rese
arch
ers
by d
egre
e (F
TEs)
PhD MSc BSc
IIAM IIP Higher education (5)
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
<31 31-40 41-50 51-60 >60
Num
ber o
f res
earc
hers
(FTE
s)
PhD MSc BSc
Researchers by age group and degree
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Female researchers by degree
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
2008 2011 2008 2011 2008 2011
Num
ber o
f fem
ale
rese
arch
ers
(FTE
s)
PhD MSc BSc
IIAM IIP Higher education (5)
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0
20
40
60
80
100
2008 2011 2008 2011 2008 2011 2008 2011
Shar
e of
FTE
rese
arch
ers (
%)
Crops Livestock Forestry Fisheries Natural resources Other
IIAM IIP Higher education (5)
Total
Research Focus
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Policy developments affecting agricultural research
• Strategic Plan for Agriculture Sector Development
(PEDSA) • National Plan for Investments in the Agrarian Sector
(PNISA ) • IIAM Strategic Plan • Platform for Agricultural Research and Innovation
Technology (PIAIT) • Center of Leadership for rice-based cropping systems
under the Agricultural Productivity Program for Southern Africa (APPSA)
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R&D Challenges
• Most of the problems related to agricultural research in
Mozambique are related to financing.
• Few resources in agriculture particularly for research investments (PNISA financial gap for research is as high as 91.2%)
• Agricultural research depends on quite volatile and short-lived external funds.
• Many younger researchers in need of training.
• Long-term results will only be achieved with sustained investment
by the government.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• Participating agricultural R&D agencies ( DT e CZ, IIP, UEM , ISPG,
ISPM, ESCMe C) for their contributions to the data collection and preparation of the country factsheet;
• Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for its generous support of ASTI’s
work in Africa south of the Sahara.