AGRICULTURE SCENARIO IN

GOA

13,47,66811,61,771 (86.21%)

23,791 (1.77%)1,62,056 (12.02%)

Category Full time Part time TotalTotal 29,678 20,717 50,395SC 97 75 172ST -- -- 10000 (Approx)

CULTIVATORS

Total PopulationGeneralScheduled CastesSchedules Tribes

Sr. No. District Taluka Villages Towns *1 North Goa Pernem 26 2

(1,73,600 ha) Bicholim 22 4Bardez 33 11Sattari 78 1Ponda 28 4Tiswadi 26 5

Total: 6 213 272 South Goa Sanguem 51 2

(1,96,600 ha) Quepem 36 2Canacona 8 1

Salcete 39 9Mormugao 12 3

Total: 5 146 17Grand Total: 11 359 44

Temperature : 240c - 360C Summer

210c - 300C Winter

230c - 320C Monsoon

Relative humidity : 75 - 95%

Average rainfall : 2800 mm (112 inches)

Period of rainfall : June to September

Warm and humid

Total geographical area : 3,70,200 ha (100.00)

Total reporting area : 3,61,113 ha (97.55)

Forest land : 1,25,473 ha (33.89)

Net cultivated area : 1,34,601 ha (36.36)

Permanent pastures/grazing grounds

: 1,305 ha (0.35)

Others (Settlement, roads, wastelands, etc)

: 99,734 ha (26.95)

Year - 2008-09

pH : 5.0 to 6.5

Nature : Light, well drained soils;

Poor water holding capacity

Nutrient status : Poor in P & K; Moderate in N

Water table :

Variable in interior areas

Red lateritic (81%), Sandy-Sandy loam (11%), Alluvial (8%)

Red lateritic soils

High along coastal area, valleys

KHAZANS : Along the river estuaries

Protected by bunds/dykes

Highly fertile; mainly alluvial soils

High water table

Prone to inundation by saline water

Generally paddy crop in monsoons

Vegetables or pulses in upper portion (adjacent to hills) during Rabi; Coconut on interior peripheral bunds

Brackish water pisciculture in lakes; regulated through sluice gates

KER : Flat lands with sandy loam soils

High water table

Paddy during Kharif

Vegetables, pulses or groundnut during Rabi; Sugarcane, banana and coconut on mounds as perennial crops

contd..2..

MOROD : Upland fields

Flat with slight slope or terraced

Red lateritic soils

Rainfed paddy

Suitable for cashew, mango; sugarcane, coconut and arecanut also grown subject to irrigation

contd..3..

HILL SLOPES

Generally red lateritic soils with scattered exposed rocks

Mainly cashew plantations;

Coconut or rainfed vegetables in some parts

contd..4..

VALLEY Red lateritic soils

More silt accumulation

Lower reaches water logged during monsoons

contd..5..

High water table

Irrigated through tanks, springs, wells, etc

Terraced arecanut, coconut and multicropped gardens at upper portions

Generally single Rabi paddy crop at valley bottoms

Size Class (Ha) No. of holdings Percentage

Below 0.5 37,688 60.11

0.5 to 1.0 13,266 21.16

1.0 to 2.0 6,576 10.49

2.0 to 5.0 3,750 5.98

Above 5.0 1,414 2.26

Total: 62,694 100

(As per Agri Census 2001-02)

Net cultivated area : 1,34,601 ha

Double cropped area : 31,352 ha 23.29%

Gross cropped area : 1,66,258 ha

Irrigated area : 37,978 ha 27.71%

Area under foodgrains : 60,029 ha 36.11% *34,666 ha-Kharif 25,363 ha-Rabi

Horticulture : 1,01,173 ha 60.85% *Others (Groundnut, Sugarcane, etc)

: 5,056 ha 3.04% *

* % of Gross cropped area

Sr. No.

CropArea (in

ha)

Average production

Kgs/Ha

Total Production

MT

1 Paddy - Kharif 34278 3507 120206

- Rabi 15688 3625 56875

- Total 49966 3544 177081

2 Pulses - Kharif 388 742 288

- Rabi 9467 1041 9853

- Total 9855 1029 10141

3 Groundnut - Kharif 643 1400 900

- Rabi 3163 2310 7308

- Total 3806 2157 8208

Sr. No.

Crop AreaAverage

production Kgs/Ha

Total Production MT

4 Cashew 55672 236 13165

5 Coconut 25608 5006 nuts 128.18 m.nuts

6 Mango 4514 1674 7558

7 Vegetables 5703 10100 57603

8 Arecanut 1693 1625 2751

9

Others sugarcane, banana, pineapple, other fruits, oilpalm, pepper, tree spices, vanilla

11763 -- 116506

contd..2..

A P A P A P A P

Kharif 41000 164734 32746 118607 35710 126830 35800 139000

Rabi 12500 57345 16637 71175 17275 66588 17450 76000

Total 53500 222079 49383 189782 52985 193418 53250 215000

Kharif 950 415 505 283 518 379 800 650

Rabi 8875 7530 8944 8085 11540 15871 13000 15000

Total 9825 7945 9449 8368 12058 16250 13800 15650

3 Cashew 51360 15357 54060 22976 55302 24380 56500 38000

4 Coconut 24735 119.00 * 25025 125.12 * 25468 126.68 * 26000 155.00 *

5 Vegetables 7500 68000 7600 70467 8213 84290 8800 96800

6 Sugarcane 1300 58000 1205 70565 1120 58279 1100 74000

Note

Sr. No.

Crop

Area (A) and Production (P)

VI I I th FY P 1996-97

I X th FY P 2001-02

X th FY P 2006-07

Projected X I th

FY P 2011-12

Area in Ha and Production in tons

* I n case of coconuts, unit is in million nuts

1 Paddy

2 Pulses

State Directorate of Agriculture

Talukas Zonal Agricultural Offices for each taluka (10 Nos)

Supported by Assistant Agricultural Officers

Village PanchayatsThrough Agricultural Assistants & Field Assistants

Machinery Through Mechanical Cultivation Offices (5)

Soil Testing Laboratory 2 Nos - North & South District

Farm Superintendents 2 Nos - Kalay & Codar

Bio Control Lab 1 No.

Mushroom Spawn Lab 1 No.

Problems encountered in cultivation1) High cost of labour (Rs.150-200/day)2) Alternate employment opportunities (only 16%

population involved in Agriculture - Census 2001)3) Youth shying away from agriculture4) High cost of production as compared to produce rates5) Deterioration of fields in mining belt6) High risk profession inspite of heavy input cost7) Absence of procurement agencies8) Limited processing facilities 9) Difficulty in mechanization for small and terraced

holdings 10) Lack of remunerative alternate crops e.g. horticulture

for low lying paddy areas11) Damage to protective bunds of Khazan lands

Bringing down cost of cultivation of all crops for better competitiveness

Promoting extensive farm mechanization at village level

Identification of appropriate farm machines suitable for small and terraced holdings.

Attracting youth back to agricultureImproving respectability of farming as a professionIdentification of more profitable alternative crops/ agricultural uses for low lying fallow paddy fieldsConsolidation of land holdings to overcome limitations of fragmented holdings.

Revival of Khazan lands and integrated utilization of water bodies for pisciculture.

Arrest degradation of low lying paddy fields and plantations due to flow of mining silt in mining belts

Amelioration of degraded fields, plantations and water conveyance structures in mining belts

Expansion of double cropped areas through second crop on residual soil moisture in paddy fallows.

Rejuvenating existing cashew plantations by using elite germ plasm.

Utilization/conservation of monsoon rains for soil recharge .

Identifying procurement agencies locally to cater to local and outside markets.

Contd..2..

Establishment of integrated processing facilities for value addition to paddy, groundnut, coconut, etc.

Exploiting potential of local produce cultivated through use of less fertilizer and pesticides/organically (Brand promotion).

Developing markets for cashew feni in other States.

Reducing risk in agriculture due to erratic monsoons through suitable Agricultural Insurance Schemes.

Formulation of an effective compensation mechanism in case of drastic price fall/destruction due to natural calamities.

Establishment of a system to generate authentic agricultural data.

Contd..3..