WETLAND IN INDIA CASE STUDY : AHIRAN BEEL

PRESENTED BY : SUDIPTA MAL ROLL NO : 17 Msc 3rd Sem.

INTRODUCTIONWetlands are defined as lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic systems, where the water table is usually at or near the surface or the land is covered by shallow water. “areas of marsh, fen, peatland or water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not exceed six metres.(According to “Ramsar Convention ”.

LOCATION

Lake Ahiron, locally known as Chand Beel is located at the Northern side of Murshidabad district. It is situated just at the South - Eastern side of National Highway-34. It is extended in North from 24 30 to South 24 26 50 latitudes and East 88 02 to West 87 58 48 longitudes. This is situated 55 km north to Berhampur.

Recreation.

Erosion Control

Flood Buffer.

Nurseries

IMPORTANT OF WETLAND

Wetlands are one of the most productive habitats in the world. Different kinds of wetlands play different important roles. These are :

Water Quality

Wildlife Habitat

OBJECTIVES

1.Conservation of the Wetland flora and fauna.

2.Prevention of biotic interference to the habitat.

3.Prevent water pollution of the lake by strengthening conservancy measures around it .

4.Maintain water quality and hydrological balance and sediment fluxes.

FLORAL AND FAUNAL RESOURCES

The flora of the lake consists mainly of Water hyacinth .Many algae and pteridophytes like AzollaPinnata (water fern) and Marsillea quadrifolia.L(shusni) is common ,these are free-floating and the rest is found commonly in the edges of the water bodies.

The common plant species

The common fish species

The common bird species

Nelumbo(Padma),Nymphaea(saluk),Trapa(Panifal) etc.

Catla,Rohu,Mrigal,Silver carp,Tit Punti,Punti,Lata,Shole,Boyal,Tangra.

Boro pankauri,Majhari pankauri,Choto bak,Samukh khol,Bali Hansh,Choto machranga.

USE AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF WETLAND

Generally some portions of the wetlands are Vested and owened by Fishery Department of Government of West Bengal and fishing right is given to the cooperative society.This wetland use mainly :PiscicultureIrrigating nearby agricultural field NavigationJute retting Domestic purpose.

The wetland effected by several problems. They are as follow :

1.Increasing population and rapidly developing agricultural economy .Result is that water bodies leading to its loss.2.The main reason behind it is that most of the part of wetland is effected by high or medium rate of siltation.3.This in tern leads to gradual conversion of wetland into agricultural land.4.More over all the water bodies are effected by pollution.

MANAGEMENT OF WETLAND RESOURCES

In view of the fact several steps has been taken by the Govt. for conservation , up gradation and improvement of the pattern of utilization of the water resources from the existing water bodies. They are :1.Dedging to remove siltation.2.Digging and financial assistance and fishing in the bil.3.To stop pollution at source , sewage treatment ponds are dug near the wetland to treat polluted water.4.Modern technologies are also used for fishing like improve fish feeding ,water quality management etc.5.Bleaching and cleaning the wet land with lime ,potassium permanganate and organic matter like cow dung are used to improve water quality.

CONCLUDING REMARKS

Wetlands are most productive ecosystem on earth exhibiting a great diversity in both floral and faunal distribution. They play certain vital function in maintaining environmental sustainability. So full implication of wetland values and losses are to be undertaken in perspective of attempt for its conservation and management for sustainable use of its resources by Government and non Government organization.

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