ahmadov izmir rs

Identification and seed multiplication of Identification and seed multiplication of winter wheat varieties resistant to winter wheat varieties resistant to stripe stripe

rust rust in Tajikistanin Tajikistan

H.M. Ahmadov, R.C. Sharma, S.H.M. Ahmadov, R.C. Sharma, S.ТТ. Saidov, A.U. Jalilov. Saidov, A.U. Jalilov

Izmir 2014Izmir 2014

Map of TajikistanMap of Tajikistan

The map of TajikistanThe map of Tajikistan

General InformationGeneral Information

• Tajikistan is landlocked country Tajikistan is landlocked country • The territory is 142,600 kmThe territory is 142,600 km22

• 93% of the area occupied by mountains 93% of the area occupied by mountains • Population is more than 8 millionsPopulation is more than 8 millions• 70% of population live in rural areas70% of population live in rural areas

Area under cereal and legume cropsArea under cereal and legume crops ((thousand he.)thousand he.)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

2005 2006 2007 208 2009 2010 2011

cereal and cereal-legumes cropsWheat

Production grain Production grain ((thousand/tonnesthousand/tonnes))

YieldYield of cereal cropsof cereal crops

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Yield (q/ha)

MMain reasonain reasonss for low wheat productivity for low wheat productivity

The main reason for low wheat productivity is a The main reason for low wheat productivity is a complex of natural and anthropogenic factors,complex of natural and anthropogenic factors, such as:such as:

Low quality soilLow quality soil Low soil fertilityLow soil fertility Untimely sowingUntimely sowing Shortages of equipment, mineral fertilizers and Shortages of equipment, mineral fertilizers and

quality of seedsquality of seeds Using of slope landsUsing of slope lands Diseases (stripe rust,Diseases (stripe rust, leaf rust leaf rust, tan spot, and , tan spot, and

others)others)

Wheat breeding nurseries under Wheat breeding nurseries under natural infection of stripe rust natural infection of stripe rust

Gissar - 2013Gissar - 2013

International cooperation on stripe rust International cooperation on stripe rust research in Tajikistanresearch in Tajikistan

ICARDA and CIMMYT support work on identifying ICARDA and CIMMYT support work on identifying stripe rust resistant wheat varieties and their stripe rust resistant wheat varieties and their promotionpromotion

Improved wheat varieties through International Improved wheat varieties through International nurseries are testednurseries are tested

Support through visit of scientists in the regionSupport through visit of scientists in the region Training of researchersTraining of researchers Organizing field daysOrganizing field days Participation in conferencesParticipation in conferences Support through special research projectsSupport through special research projects

New New varietiesvarieties from from International International Organizations were Organizations were regionzed. They regionzed. They occupy the area more occupy the area more than 20000 hectares.than 20000 hectares.

Variety zonation from ICARDA and CMMYT

Results of monitoring of a wheat stripe rust Results of monitoring of a wheat stripe rust

6 photos6 photos

Precipitation mapPrecipitation map

Khatlon oblastKhatlon oblast

Location Location namename

Date of Date of surveysurvey

AltitudeAltitude: м: м LatitudeLatitude

LongitudeLongitude

Stripe Rust:Stripe Rust:

%%

Leaf RustLeaf Rust::

%%

HurosonHuroson 23.05. 23.05. 519519 N 38.04677N 38.04677

E 068.70411E 068.70411

2200 00

BokhtarBokhtar 23.05. 23.05. 405405 N 37.80099N 37.80099

E 068.74453E 068.74453

1010 1010

RumiRumi 23.05. 23.05. 380380 N 37.68982N 37.68982

E 068.63876E 068.63876

2020 1010

JilikulJilikul 23.05. 23.05. 366366 N 37.56589N 37.56589

E 068.57032E 068.57032

1010 1010

VakhshVakhsh 23.05. 23.05. 478478 N 37.86323N 37.86323

E 068.91127E 068.91127

1010 00

SarbandSarband 23.05. 23.05. 744744 N 37.92518N 37.92518

E 069.10250E 069.10250

1010 00

DangaraDangara 24.05. 24.05. 618618 N 38.05282N 38.05282

E 069.33271E 069.33271

1010 2020

VoseVose 24.05. 24.05. 447447 N 37.75763N 37.75763

E 069.52396E 069.52396

1010 3030

Sogd oblastSogd oblastLocation Location

namename Date of Date of surveysurvey


LongitudeLongitude


%%


%%

AiniAini 27.05. 27.05. 12631263 N 39.44855N 39.44855

E 068.19739E 068.19739

1010 00

PenjikentPenjikent 27.05. 27.05. 936936 N 39.50724N 39.50724

E 067.49582E 067.49582

7070 00

IstravshanIstravshan 28.05. 28.05. 723723 N 40.02390N 40.02390

E 069.05996E 069.05996

5050 00

SpitamenSpitamen 28.05. 28.05. 402402 N 40.13819N 40.13819

E 069.36592E 069.36592

1010 00

B. GafurovB. Gafurov 28.05. 28.05. 336336 N 40.19530N 40.19530

E 069.48072E 069.48072

1010 00

KanibadamKanibadam 29.05. 29.05. 357357 N 40.22500N 40.22500

E 069.96402E 069.96402

1010 00

IsfaraIsfara 29.05. 29.05. 812812 N 40.15662N 40.15662

E 070.69995E 070.69995

1010 00

IsfaraIsfara 29.05. 29.05. 810810 N 40.15709N 40.15709

E 070.70494E 070.70494

1515 00

Central Region Central Region Location Location

namename Date of Date of surveysurvey


LongitudeLongitude


%%


%%

GissarGissar 22.05. 22.05. 767767 N 38.51271N 38.51271

E 067.64584E 067.64584

8080 00

GissarGissar 22.05. 22.05. 754754 N 38.50678N 38.50678

E 068.59558E 068.59558

8080 00

GissarGissar 22.05. 22.05. 772772 N 38.50926N 38.50926

E 068.55888E 068.55888

8080 00

RudakiRudaki 24.05. 24.05. 814814 N 38.55612N 38.55612

E 068.93984E 068.93984

3030 1100

RudakiRudaki 24.05. 24.05. 764764 N 38.54270N 38.54270

E 068.85140E 068.85140

2020 00

RudakiRudaki 24.05. 24.05. 847847 N 38.39134N 38.39134

E 068.69286E 068.69286

3030 00

VahdatVahdat 24.05. 24.05. 980980 N 38.51343N 38.51343

E 069.09707E 069.09707

4040 00

VahdatVahdat 24.05. 24.05. 865865 N 38.52698N 38.52698

E 069.02718E 069.02718

5050 00

Monitoring of development of wheat Monitoring of development of wheat stripe ruststripe rust

Monitoring of development of wheat stripe rust in Monitoring of development of wheat stripe rust in Tajikistan is carried out every yearTajikistan is carried out every year

In the most part of the territory these indicators In the most part of the territory these indicators are insignificant are insignificant

Only in the Gissar valley this indicator is greatest Only in the Gissar valley this indicator is greatest because of good condition for development of because of good condition for development of wheat stripe rust wheat stripe rust

On a high natural infectious background in this On a high natural infectious background in this zone susceptible Russian zone susceptible Russian varietiesvarieties Irishka and Irishka and Delta, and the Turkish Delta, and the Turkish varietievarietie Tratva Kharty were Tratva Kharty were revealed. They showed 80% severity by stripe revealed. They showed 80% severity by stripe rustrust

RResistanсesistanсe to a stripe ruste to a stripe rust

High High resistanсresistanсe showed wheat of a local e showed wheat of a local varietiesvarieties Ormon, Oriyon and Shumon Ormon, Oriyon and Shumon

Moderate Moderate resistanсresistanсe showed e showed varietiesvarieties Sadoqat and AlexSadoqat and Alex..

The Russian The Russian varietiesvarieties Sila, Ayvina, Proton, Sila, Ayvina, Proton, Vassa, Vershina, Kalym, Grom also showed Vassa, Vershina, Kalym, Grom also showed high high resistanсresistanсe to a stripe ruste to a stripe rust

Effective genes stability to a stripe rustEffective genes stability to a stripe rust

Highly effective genes YrHighly effective genes Yr,, showing stability in a showing stability in a heading stage heading stage ((immune type of reactionimmune type of reaction): 5, 8, ): 5, 8, 15;15;

effective -1, 1 (2) points, degree 1- 10% effective -1, 1 (2) points, degree 1- 10% genes of adult plants genes of adult plants YrYr: 4, 10, : 4, 10, NDND;;

-- moderately effective- moderately effective-2 (3)2 (3) points, points, degree degree 11 – 30%11 – 30% - genes of adult plants - genes of adult plants --YrYr: 2, 3а, : 2, 3а, 4а, 17, 18, А+18, 25, 4а, 17, 18, А+18, 25, SPSP, , APRAPR

- - non non effectiveeffective - 3 (4) - 3 (4) pointspoints, , degree moredegree more 30% - 30% - genes of adult plantsgenes of adult plants YrYr: 1, 6, 7, 9, 18, : 1, 6, 7, 9, 18, 21, А, 27, 27+18, 28, 29, 31.21, А, 27, 27+18, 28, 29, 31.

Seed multiplication of resistant wheat Seed multiplication of resistant wheat varieties in 2014varieties in 2014

Ormon – Ormon – 435 ha435 ha

Alex – Alex – 558 ha558 ha

Shumon – Shumon – 7 ha7 ha

Total: Total: 1000 ha1000 ha

Field Day – 4 June 2013Field Day – 4 June 2013Wheat Seed Multiplication, TajikistanWheat Seed Multiplication, Tajikistan

Thank you very much for your Thank you very much for your attention!attention!

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