ai trust and safeguards
TRANSCRIPT
Where Are We Today?At the foothills of AI we have a mountain to climb
Intelligence
Abilities
Categories
1) NarrowSingular Problem Solving with human involvement
in coding and tuning
Human based algorithm Top down, Bottom up Machine learning
2) Learning
3) Cognitive
4) Wide
Where Are We Today?At the foothills of AI we have a mountain to climb
Intelligence
Abilities
Categories
1) NarrowSingular Problem Solving with human involvement
in coding and tuning
Human based algorithm Top down, Bottom up Machine learning
2) Learning
3) Cognitive
4) Wide
Most AI today is here as is so very easy
Google alphago
IBM Watson
Where Are We Today?At the foothills of AI we have a mountain to climb
Intelligence
Abilities
Categories
1) NarrowSingular Problem Solving with human involvement
in coding and tuning
Human based algorithm Top down, Bottom up Machine learning
Multiple Problem Classes with interactive memory - little or no human help
Initial algorithms from (1) + a learning abilty - solves problems by observing, playing and creating rule sets
2) Learning
3) Cognitive
4) Wide
A wide range of problem sets - with cognition &
near 100% autonomy
Initial algorithms from (2) + a degree of understanding - sees new ways of analysis and solution formulation
Can address any problem type/set - has high level
context/self awareness
A completely new ‘mind’ proposition in a variety of species connected to the wider environment - autonomous
Most AI today is here as is so very easy
Google alphago
IBM Watson
Where Are We Today?At the foothills of AI we have a mountain to climb
Intelligence
Abilities
Categories
1) NarrowSingular Problem Solving with human involvement
in coding and tuning
Human based algorithm Top down, Bottom up Machine learning
Multiple Problem Classes with interactive memory - little or no human help
Initial algorithms from (1) + a learning abilty - solves problems by observing, playing and creating rule sets
2) Learning
3) Cognitive
4) Wide
A wide range of problem sets - with cognition &
near 100% autonomy
Initial algorithms from (2) + a degree of understanding - sees new ways of analysis and solution formulation
Can address any problem type/set - has high level
context/self awareness
A completely new ‘mind’ proposition in a variety of species connected to the wider environment - autonomous
Machine influenceHuman influence
Most AI today is here as is so very easy
Google alphago
IBM Watson
IsolatedFixed
Machines
NetworkedFixed
Machines
NetworkedFixed/MobileWith Sensors
NetworkedFixed/MobileWith Full I/O
Where Are We Today?At the foothills of AI we have a mountain to climb
Intelligence
Abilities
Categories
1) NarrowSingular Problem Solving with human involvement
in coding and tuning
Human based algorithm Top down, Bottom up Machine learning
Multiple Problem Classes with interactive memory - little or no human help
Initial algorithms from (1) + a learning abilty - solves problems by observing, playing and creating rule sets
2) Learning
3) Cognitive
4) Wide
A wide range of problem sets - with cognition &
near 100% autonomy
Initial algorithms from (2) + a degree of understanding - sees new ways of analysis and solution formulation
Can address any problem type/set - has high level
context/self awareness
A completely new ‘mind’ proposition in a variety of species connected to the wider environment - autonomous
Machine influenceHuman influence
Most AI today is here as is so very easy
Google alphago
IBM Watson
IsolatedFixed
Machines
NetworkedFixed
Machines
NetworkedFixed/MobileWith Sensors
NetworkedFixed/MobileWith Full I/O
Main Frame
Main FramePC Laptop
Main FramePC Laptop
Mobile
Main FramePC Laptop
Mobile Robot
Sentient Machines
Sentient Lifeforms
Cyborgs
An A.I. system:
1) Must be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator/creator
2) Must clearly disclose that it is not human
3) Cannot retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source
Etzioni’s 2017
A Robot must:
0) Not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm
1) Not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm
2) Obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the 1st Law
3) Protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or 2nd Law
Asimov’ 1942
LAWS To Be HEEDED ?Ignored by governments & industry to date
An A.I. system:
1) Must be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator/creator
2) Must clearly disclose that it is not human
3) Cannot retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source
Etzioni’s 2017
A Robot must:
0) Not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm
1) Not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm
2) Obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the 1st Law
3) Protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or 2nd Law
Asimov’ 1942
LAWS To Be HEEDED ?Ignored by governments & industry to date
NEVER APPLIED
N o C h a n c e
ONLY ONEAl l that i s needed
Mobi le AI /Robot ic weapon p lat forms demand far less resources than any atom bomb and/or miss i le program
Numerous rogue states wi l l qu ick ly embrace th is new opportunity !
We a p o n s
C o n t r o l S E E M S
I m p o s s i b l e
Etzioni’s 2017
AI & Robots must:
0) Not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm
1) Not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm
2) Obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the 1st Law
3) Protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or 2nd Law
4) Be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator/creator
5) Clearly disclose that it is/they are not human
6) Not retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source
7) Be bounded in their actions & inaction according to the safety requirements of humans and their systems
8) Not violate human social, cultural, safety and legal norms
9) ????
Asimov’ 1942
LAWS To Be combineD ?To be ignored by future governments & industry
Etzioni’s 2017
AI & Robots must:
0) Not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm
1) Not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm
2) Obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the 1st Law
3) Protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or 2nd Law
4) Be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator/creator
5) Clearly disclose that it is/they are not human
6) Not retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source
7) Be bounded in their actions & inaction according to the safety requirements of humans and their systems
8) Not violate human social, cultural, safety and legal norms
9) ????
Asimov’ 1942
LAWS To Be combineD ?To be ignored by future governments & industry
L e g a l
e n f o rc e m
e n t
v e r y u n l i k e l y
A s s i s t a n t
AT HOME in officePeople are us ing and working with AIAI i s increas ingly a l l pervas ive in homes, of f ices , appl iances , vehic les , mobi les and our trust and dependency i s bui ld ing fast - i t i s changing everything…
Fam i l i ar ityJust a repeat of the past ?
Faster, more profound, inclusive and impactful with an acceleration of other technologies and big changes in the way we work and live…..
A greater dependency and risk of human errors/mistakes
Job creation on huge scale but with vast shortages of skilled and capable people
Breeds trust & dependency Fam i l i a r i ty
It takes time: builds slowly along with the abil ity to work together in teams using tools, tech and nets to collaborate globally +++
AI wil l soon be doing trust and dependency rankings of us; our teams, tools, faci l it ies, plant & companies along with other AI systems +++ It is an essential for their real world modell ing
Man Woman
Machine
A tr iad of trust mechanisms at
work here
A population of ’N’ machines could see ≤ N(N-1) different trust mechanisms at work at
the same t ime
SAFEGUARDSO p e ra t i o n a l m e a s u re s Te s t i n g F i xe d , C o m b i n a t o r i a l , D y n a m i c
- G o l d s t a n d a rd p ro b l e m c h e c k s - M a t h p r o v a b l e v e r i f i c a t i o n s - W i t h i n n o r m a l i n p u t r a n g e - B e y o n d n o r m a l i n p u t r a n g e - A n o m a l y t e s t a n d s e a r c h - S t r u c t u re d w a l k t h ro u g h - Monte Car lo assessment - D y n a m i c f l o o d t e s t i n g - P re - re l e a s e re a l d a t a - R e g r e s s i o n t e s t i n g - S t a t i s t i c a l a n a l y s i s - S e n s i t i v i t y a n a l y s i s - N e w d e v e l o p m e n t s
SAFEGUARDSO p e ra t i o n a l m e a s u re s
C o n s t r a i n e r s F i xe d , C o m b i n a t o r i a l , D y n a m i c
- I n p u t s e n s o r / d a t a r a n g e l i m i t e r s - O u t p u t a c t u a t o r / d a t a l i m i t e r s - A n o m a l y d e t e c t i o n / w a r n i n g s - H i s t o r i c a l e x c e p t i o n f l a g s - H u m a n i n t e r v e n t i o n a l e r t s - M 2 M r a n g e c o m p a r i s o n s - C o m p l i a n c e m o n i t o r i n g - S t a t i s t i c a l I / O t re n d i n g - N e w d e v e l o p m e n t s - C o re a c t i v i t y f l a g s - F l O P c o u n t e r a l e r t s - E n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n a l a r m
Human SafetyRooms, floors, cages and barriers
We have kept machines and people well apart for decades and only recently have we considered it safe to mix the two in the same space…
H uman S a f etyRestricted inputs/outputs by design
This philosophy is applicable to AI and Intelligent roboticsand by default, industry, appliance and vehicle producers
et al are obeying ‘The Laws of Robotics and AI’ to date
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6UxmpbSQGU&ab_channel=JustWowme
FAR FUTUREAI + Human guardians
Being discussed, debated andInitially researched at this time:
Policing AI into the future by Humans,AI, Bots, Machines, Networks:- Interrogators
- Enforcers
- Monitors
- Auditors
- Ethicists A lot of research/thinking required as a sentient and creative AI may be capable of outsmarting any and all guardianship systems
Thank Youwww.cochrane.org.uk
What are these crazy humans planning to do next ?? They are
the biggest risk and not us!!