Aid Given By Developed Countries to Africa

Aid

Aim:

* Identify the three main types of aid which are given to developing countries.

Aid

Aid is help given by a country or organisation to another country to help meet its needs. A country which gives

aid is called a DONOR country. A country which receives aid is called a

RECIPIENT country.

Types of Aid

Bilateral AidAid given by one country to another country.

Multi-lateral AidAid which is given by a group of countries working together e.g. United Nations, European Union.

Voluntary AidAid which is given by voluntary organisations or charities e.g. Oxfam, Water Aid.

Types of Aid

Activities:

• Study the diagram on Types of Aid on page 14.

• Complete question 1 from the Activities on page 15.

• Make sure you take two lines for each type of aid.

Type of Aid Advantages Disadvantages

Food Aid

Financial Aid

Equipment

Emergency Relief Aid

Specialist Workers and Experts

Bilateral Aid

Aims:

•Examine the advantages and disadvantages of tied aid. •Identify the social, political and economic factors which determine whether a developed country will give aid

Tied Aid

• When bilateral aid is given, there are usually conditions or ‘strings’ attached.

• This type of bilateral aid is known as ‘tied aid’ or ‘boomerang’ aid.

• This is because the aid returns to the donor country in a way which benefits them.

ADVANTAGES:

•Provides financial help to a developing countries

•Buying goods and services from the donor country helps to create jobs.

•Aid will not be wasted on weapons or useless projects.

•Both sides benefit from tied aid.

•Opportunity to help a friendly/democratic country.

•Prestige for donor country

DISADVANTAGES:

•Recipient country could buy cheaper/better quality goods in another country

•Helps the donor country more than the recipient

•Gives the donor country power over the recipient.

•Type of aid given may not be appropriate to needs of the country.

Tied Aid

Why Do Countries Give Aid?

Social Factors

• Which countries are the poorest?• Who needs our help most?• Are they facing a major humanitarian

crisis and lives are at risk e.g. famine, floods?

Why Do Countries Give Aid?

Economic Factors

• How is our economy doing – can we afford to help?

• Can they pay back a loan?• Do they have natural resources e.g.

metals that we could gain in return?

Why Do Countries Give Aid?

Political Factors

• Is the country democratic or ruled by a dictator?

• Is the country at war and it’s too dangerous to send aid?

• Is the country hostile to our allies (friendly countries)?

• Is the country unpopular with voters?

Bilateral Aid

Activities:

• Complete Activities 1-2 on page 16 of your textbook.

• Using the following headings make your own notes on the reasons why countries give aid.

* Social Factors* Economic Factors* Political Factors

UK Aid to African Countries

Aims:

•Examine the role that the Department for International Development plays in helping poor countries.

UK Department For International Development [DFID]

 DFID is the part of the UK Government that manages Britain's aid to poor countries and works to get rid of extreme poverty.

DFID works with the governments of developing countries and other international organisations such as the World Bank and UN.

DFID is also helping to reduce world poverty by working towards the UN Millennium Development Goals.

Andrew Mitchell is currently the Secretary of State for International Development

The Millennium Development Goals

The eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were agreed by the United Nations in September 2000. Nearly 190 countries have subsequently signed up to them. The overall aim is to halve world poverty by 2015.

The eight Millennium Development Goals are:

Wipe out world hunger

Achieve

universal

Primary

education

Equality for women.

Reduce infant death rates

Improve health for mothers

Combat HIV and AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Ensure environmental sustainability

Develop a global

partnership for

development

UK Aid

Activities:

• Read pages 18-19 of your textbook.• Complete Activities 2-6 on page 19 of

your textbook.

Multi-Lateral Aid - UN

Aims:

• Identify the aims of the United Nations and its Specialised Agencies.

Multi-lateral Aid – The UN

• The UN was set up in 1945 by 50 countries.

• Its aim is to encourage countries in the world to work together to improve the conditions of people in the world.

• Today over 127 countries are members of the UN.

• The UN works through SPECIALISED AGENCIES to help developing countries.

Multi-lateral Aid – The UN

• Copy the diagram from page 20 of your textbook on the main UN agencies.

• Underneath each UN agency write a sentence which explains the main function of this agency.

• Use the information on page 21 to help you.

• Now complete the activities on pages 24-25 of your textbook.

• Collect a map of Africa – shade in the countries where UN agencies have been working.

UN Agencies – Current Examples

UNICEF - Malawi• Project to treat 3,500 children with

malnutrition each month.• Medical training for health

workers/medicines provided.• Feeding programme for under 5s and

pregnant mothers.• School feeding programme for

500,000 primary children.

UN Agencies – Current Examples

UNICEF - Uganda• Campaign to encourage 1.3 million

children to attend school.• Provided 13,000 teachers, writing

materials, sports equipment.• Also provides hygiene supplies e.g.

soap, toothpaste.

UN Agencies – Current Examples

World Health Organisation (WHO) – Guinea• Set up health care centres in local

communities.• Children can be immunised against

killer diseases/given vitamins.• Gives people access to a doctor and

basic health care.

UN Agencies – Current Examples

Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) – Ethiopia – Seeds, Crops, Livestock• Increase seed supplies for farmers

affected by drought.• Sheep/goat fattening project to increase

profits for farmers.• Improve water supplies to increase crop

yields.• Help to control desert locusts which can

devastate crops.

UN Agencies – Current Examples

Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO)Ethiopia – Food Supply• We Are the Future (WAF) child centres to

provide gardening, nutrition and health programmes to give children skills to grow food.

• Vegetable gardens to provide women with HIV/AIDS with good nutrition.

UN Agencies – Current Examples

World Food Programme• Burkina Faso – food voucher programme – helps

poor to purchase food and local producers get a decent price.

• Kenya – Schools Meals Programme for 650,000 children. Feeding programme for refugees from Somalia and Sudan, who are living in camps.

• Ethiopia – providing food for Ethiopian government to deliver to people affected by drought and famine. School Meals Programme.

UN Agencies in Action

Shade in the following countries where UN agencies are working:

•Malawi

•Uganda

•Guinea

•Ethiopia

•Burkina Faso

•Kenya