aim: how does the endocrine system achieve regulation?
DESCRIPTION
AIM: How does the Endocrine System achieve regulation?. DO NOW:. Define regulation. HW:. Textbook pgs. Pgs621 -627 p. 621 vocab and Q ’ s 1-4. WHAT IS REGULATION ?. COORDINATION & CONTROL OF LIFE ACTIVITIES. ACHIEVED BY BOTH: ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Define regulation.
Textbook pgs. Pgs621 -627 p. 621 vocab and Q’s 1-4
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COORDINATION & CONTROLCOORDINATION & CONTROL OF LIFE ACTIVITIES.
ACHIEVED BY BOTH:BOTH: ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS SYSTEMSSYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER
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CONSIST OF GLANDS
Glands work together to maintain a stable internal balance
Permits animals to repsond to both
internal and external
change.
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Structures that secrete their hormones directly into the bloodstream rather than through a
duct (tube)
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Are chemical messengers that carries a signal from one cell (or group of cells) to another via the blood
Hormones regulate the function of their target
cells.
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A hormone receptor is a receptor protein on the surface of a cell or in its interior that binds to a specific hormone
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Textbook pgs. 621-625 vocab and Q’s 1-4
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A characteristic of hormones and enzymes that allows them to work effectively with other organic molecules is their
1. specific shape
2. small size
3. concentration of carbon and hydrogen atoms
4. high-energy bonds
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Which substances are found on cell surfaces and respond to nerve and hormone signals?
1. starches and simple sugars
2. subunits of DNA
3. vitamins and minerals
4. receptor molecules
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1. OVERALL METABOLISM1. OVERALL METABOLISM
2. MAINTENANCE OF 2. MAINTENANCE OF HOMEOSTASISHOMEOSTASIS
3. GROWTH3. GROWTH
4. REPRODUCTION4. REPRODUCTION
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ENDOCRINE
GLANDS
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is located just above the brain stem
Controls the pituitary gland
Connection between the nervous and endocrine system
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The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue and anger
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CALLED THE “MASTER GLANDMASTER GLAND” Makes hormones that INFLUENCE Makes hormones that INFLUENCE other glandsother glands
The pituitary gland secretes hormones regulating homeostasis
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1.Growth hormone
1.Prolactin - to stimulate milk production after giving birth
1.ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) - to stimulate the adrenal glands
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4. TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) - to stimulate the thyroid gland
5. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) - to stimulate the ovaries and testes
6. LH (luteinizing hormone) - to stimulate the ovaries or testes
7. Oxytocin –stimulates the contractions of the uterus during birth
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Located between the larynx & the trachea
Controls your metabolism
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The thyroid controls how quickly the body burns energy (_________), makes proteins,
and controls the bodies sensitivity to other hormones
metabolism
1.Thyroxin: regulate metabolism2.Calcitonin: regulates calcium levels
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PATCHES OF TISSUE EMBEDDED IN THE PATCHES OF TISSUE EMBEDDED IN THE THYROID GLANDTHYROID GLAND
producesparathormone
Regulates CALCIUMCALCIUM & PHOSPHATE & PHOSPHATE
metabolismmetabolism
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Complete matching column worksheet
HW: Handout
DAY 2
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SIT ON TOP OF THE KIDNEYS
They are chiefly responsible for regulating the stress response
Hormones Produced:
Cortisol and Adrenaline
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnESQpvxXd8
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A.K.A. Epinephrine is a "fight or flight" hormone
plays a
central role in the short-term stress reaction.
*
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-qQbIiOtYM
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Noradrenaline A.K.A.
Norepinephrine Works with adrenaline (epinephrine) to increases blood pressure, heart rate, blood sugar levels and respiration in a high stress situation
Fact: both can act as a hormone and/or neurotransmitter…
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Exocrine -> secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine Endocrine -> secretes hormones into the bloodstream
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The pancreas contains cells called
Islets of Langerhans
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CONTROLS CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM
This secretion is controlled by the concentration of concentration of GLUCOSE in the bloodGLUCOSE in the blood
DECREASES blood sugar levelsDECREASES blood sugar levels
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Increase blood sugar levels Promotes the conversion of
stored SUGAR (GLYCOGEN) TO GLUCOSE in the liver.
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•An ovary is an egg-producing organ found in female organisms. •found in pairs as part of the female reproductive system. •Ovaries in females are homologous to testes in males.
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Stimulates: Stimulates: production of follicles production of follicles (future egg cells)(future egg cells)
onset of secondary sex onset of secondary sex characteristics (characteristics (broaden hips broaden hips & & breasts)breasts)
Works with Estrogen to REGULATE the female menstrual Cycle
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Located outside the body cavity in the scrotum
Functions – Production of sperm cellsProduction of male hormone >>>>>
Stimulates the male reproductive system onset of secondary sex characteristics
Ex. Deeper Voice & Facial Hair
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Handout
Endocrine system handout (feed back mechanism)
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Dynamic equilibrium or homeostasis results from the ability of organisms to detect and respond to stimuli.
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Feedback mechanism A process where the level of one substance or activity of an organ/structure influences another substance or structure in some manner to maintain homeostasis.
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Temperature Homeostasis
Humans maintain a relatively constant body temperature of about 37° C.
•when we "heat up" we sweat if possible •the evaporation of this perspiration returns the body to its original temperature •When we are too cold we shiver
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Homeostasis by Plants
Maintenance of WaterGuard cells open and close the stomata
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Positive vs. Negative Feedback
Positive Feedback Negative Feedback
Amplification(increase)
Stabilization
Birth of a baby (contractions)
Body temperature
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CLv3SkF_Eag
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Do Now: review book
HW: Castle learning (Endocrine system)
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When there is not enough of a particular hormone being
secreted creating a deficiency
Undersecretion
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A release of an excessive amount of a particular
hormoneOversecretion
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(ak–ro–MEG–ah–lee): Disorder in adults which the pituitary overproduces growth
hormone, resulting in abnormal enlargement of the
extremities—nose, jaw, fingers, and toes; in children, the disorder produces gigantism.
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Women’s hands withAn Endocrine disorderCalled agromegaly.
NormalWomen’s Hand
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Disorder in children in which the pituitary
overproduces growth hormone, resulting in abnormal enlargement of the extremities (nose, jaw, fingers, and toes) and the long bones, causing unusual height.Robert Wadlow 8’ 11”
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LeonidStadnyk8’ 5”
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Bao Xishun 7’ 9” He Pingping 2’ 4”
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condition of growth retardation resulting in abnormally short adult stature and caused by a variety of hereditary and metabolic disorders.
“dwarf” was used to describe individuals with disproportions of body and limb, while “midget” referred to those of reduced stature but normal proportions; today neither word is used, the term “little people” is widely accepted
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Hyperthyroidism: Disorder in which an
overactive thyroid produces too much thyroxine, which
causes….
a swelling in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid
gland.(just below Adam's apple or larynx)
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(die–ah–BEE–teez MUL–le–tus): Disorder in which the body's cells cannot absorb glucose, either because the pancreas
does not produce enough insulin or the cells do not respond to the effects of insulin that is produced.
Type 1, Type 2, Gestational Diabetes
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TYPE 1 – “Juvenile”an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic cells are destroyed
TYPE 2 – “Adult Onset”Insulin resistance in target cells
GESTATIONAL – “pregnancy”Insulin resistance due to hormonal changes
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Feedback mechanisms have evolved that maintain
homeostasis. Describe how homeostasis is maintained
thorough feedback. Identify one feedback mechanism in the body.
Identify other than death one specific result if homeostasis fails in the human body.
Describe how a plant regulates water loss through feedback mechanism that involves guard cells