aircraft handling part 7 aerobatics and formation flying
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
AIRCRAFT HANDLING
Part 7
Aerobatics and Formation Flying
![Page 2: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Aerobatics
Aerobatics
Give pilots confidence in handling aircraft.
They gain experience at operating in different attitudes.
Pilots become accustomed to the high strainsand stress of combat flying.
![Page 3: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Aerobatics
Before any aerobatic flying,a pilot must carry out his HASELL checks:
H
A
S
E
L
L
Height – sufficient to complete manoeuvre.
Airframe – Flaps and U/C UP, Airbrakes IN.
Security – Equipment stowed, harness locked and tight.
Engine – Temperatures, pressures & fuel sufficient.
Location – Airfields, built-up areas controlled airspace.
Lookout – clear of other aircraft & cloud (↔ & ↕)
![Page 4: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
AerobaticsAs you should already know,
an aircraft can be manoeuvred in three planes:
Pitching plane
Rolling plane Yawing
plane
![Page 5: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
AerobaticsThe simplest aerobatic manoeuvre
in the pitching plane is the loop.
Pitching plane
![Page 6: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
AerobaticsPilot aligns with linear feature – road, rail
Drop nose to increase speedKeep wings level
Pull up until horizon disappears, looking overhead for new horizon
![Page 7: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
AerobaticsThe simplest aerobatic manoeuvre
in the rolling plane is the barrel roll.
Rolling plane
![Page 8: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
AerobaticsDrop nose to increase speed
Pick point above horizon (cloud)Roll 45° away from banking direction
Roll in banking direction,with nose of aircraft pointing at point on horizon
![Page 9: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
AerobaticsIn the yawing plane
the only basic manoeuvre is the stall turn.
Yawing plane
![Page 10: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
AerobaticsNose up to 90°, decreasing speed
Apply rudder before wing stalls.
Aircraft falls sideways until nose is pointing downSpeed increases,
round out at the bottom.
![Page 11: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
AerobaticsThere are other manoeuvres . . .
The Slow Roll As a barrel roll, but slower
Roll off the Top ½ loop followed by barrel roll or slow roll at the top
½ Roll and Pull Through Barrel roll or slow roll followed by a ½ loop
![Page 12: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
AerobaticsThere are other manoeuvres . . .
The Upward Roll Pull up vertically, roll keepingwings straight.Often ends with stall turn
Aileron Turn A roll flown vertically downward
Hesitation Roll Either a 4 or 8 point roll,stopping briefly every 45° or 90°
Derry Roll A roll flown while inverted
![Page 13: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
AerobaticsThere are other manoeuvres . . .
Vertical Eight A ½ roll off the top, a full loopand a ½ roll and pull through.
![Page 14: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
AerobaticsThere are other manoeuvres . . .
Horizontal Eight A loop and a ½ roll, followed by another loop and ½ roll
A full roll on the first loop and½ roll into the second loop.
Cuban Eight
![Page 15: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Inverted FlightAircraft flying inverted
appear to be flying with the nose well above the horizon.
Aircraft wings are less efficient inverted, so a higher angle of attack is required
for inverted straight and level flight.
α
![Page 16: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Formation FlyingThe RAF’s definition of formation flying is:
‘An ordered arrangement of two or more aircraftproceeding together as an element.’
There are two types of formation flying:
Close TacticalTake-off & Landing
Cloud penetration
Show and Display flying
Used for all tactical fighter
operations
![Page 17: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Formation FlyingThere are five standard section formations:
The VIC formationThink of the ‘V’ in Vic and invert it.
1
3 2
![Page 18: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Formation FlyingThere are five standard section formations:
The ECHELON formation
1
3
2
![Page 19: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Formation FlyingThere are five standard section formations:
LINE ABREAST
13 2
![Page 20: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Formation FlyingThere are five standard section formations:
LINE ASTERN
1
3
2
![Page 21: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Formation FlyingThere are five standard section formations:
The BOX formation
1
3 2
4
![Page 22: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Formation FlyingThere are five standard section formations:
VIC formation
1
3 2
4
1
3 2 1
3
2
1
3
2
13 2
Line Abreast
Line Astern
Box formation
Echelon formation
![Page 23: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Formation Technique
Relative speed – Air Speed Indicator (ASI)is the only method of judging speed
Apparent size – using the size of objects to judge distance – 6 miles to 3 miles isn’t obvious,
but 1 mile to ½ mile is.
Distance – Tendency to underestimate, comes with practise & experience
![Page 24: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Formation Technique
Changes are always small & smooth
Longitudinal changes use throttle & elevatorsLateral changes use ailerons
Vertical changes use elevators
A clean aircraft:Accelerates quicklyDecelerates slowly
Acceleration is often poor at low speed in jet aircraft
![Page 25: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The pilot uses a mnemonic to remember to carry out his checks. What is the mnemonic for aerobatics?
H A S A L L
H E S S E L
H A S S E L
H A S E L L
Check Understanding
![Page 26: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
In the diagram, the arrows indicate what plane of movement?
Pitching
Yawing
Rolling
Spinning
Check Understanding
![Page 27: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
What is the simplest aerobatic manoeuvre in the pitching plane?
Check Understanding
A stall turn
A loop
A barrel roll
A spin
![Page 28: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
What is the simplest aerobatic manoeuvrein the rolling plane?
A slow roll
A barrel roll
A stall turn
A spin
Check Understanding
![Page 29: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
What is the only basic aerobatic manoeuvre in the yawing plane?
Roll off the top
The stall turn
A spin
The upward roll
Check Understanding
![Page 30: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
In the diagram, what is represented by the angle shown?
The Angle of Incidence
The Angle of Attack
The High Climb Angle
The Low Climb Angle
Check Understanding
![Page 31: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
What formation is shown in this diagram?
Box
Vic
Echelon
Diamond
Check Understanding
![Page 32: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
What formation is shown in this diagram?
Check Understanding
Echelon
Box
Diamond
Card
![Page 33: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
What formation is shown in this diagram?
Diamond
Line astern
Line abreast
Echelon
Check Understanding
![Page 34: AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022020920/56649cfe5503460f949ce2c1/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
AIRCRAFT HANDLING
End of Presentation