airport 201 - boarddocs · imaginary surfaces. 9 runway protection zone (rpz) •where practicable,...

Airport 201O’Hare Noise Compatibility Commission

January 15, 2019

– Runway Geometry

– Airport Signage, Marking and Lighting

– Imaginary Surfaces

– Navigational Aids

– Airport Diagram

– Airport Inspections

– System Example

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TOPICS

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FAA AC 150/5300-13A Airport Design

https://www.faa.gov/airports/resources/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.current/documentNumber/150_5300-13

https://www.faa.gov/airports/resources/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.current/documentNumber/150_5300-13

– Runway Design Code is based primarily upon the characteristics of the aircraft projected to use the Airport on a regular basis

– Two elements– Aircraft Approach Category

– Airplane Design Group

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Runway Design Code

Element 1

ApproachCategory

Approach speed (kts) of:

FAA

A < 91

B < 91 - < 121

C 121 - < 141

D 141 - < 166

E 166 or greater

Element 2

ADG Wingspan (ft) Tail Height (ft)

FAA

I < 49 < 20

II 49 - < 79 20 - < 30

III 79 - < 118 30 - < 45

IV 118 - < 171 45 - < 60

V 171 - < 214 60 - < 66

VI 214 - < 262 66 - < 80

Source: Federal Aviation Administration, Advisory Circular 150/ 5300- 13A

FAA Advisory Circular 150/ 5300-13A (Feet)

A & B (vis. is > ¾ mi)

C & D

I II III IVI II III IV V VI

Runway Width 60 75 100 150 100 100100/ 150

150 150 200

– Runway Design Code is based primarily upon the characteristics of the aircraft projected to use the Airport on a regular basis

– Two elements– Aircraft Approach Category

– Airplane Design Group

– O’Hare Runways are all Group D-V except for 10C-28C and future 9C-27C which are D-VI

– D-VI = A380

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Runway Design Code

Source: Federal Aviation Administration, Advisory Circular 150/ 5300- 13A

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Runway Geometry

• No Transgression Zone (NTZ) –A 2,000 foot wide zone, located between parallel runway final approach course in which flight is not allowed

• Precision Runway Monitors (PRM) –Provide Controller with high precision secondary surveillance data for aircraft on final approach to parallel runways. High resolution monitors display maps depicting approaches and NTZ

• Localizer – A navigational aid which provides course guidance to the runway

• Simultaneous Independent Approach Procedures – Permits simultaneous approaches to two/three parallel runways without separation requirements between adjacent arrival streams

• * - 5,000’ separation for airfields below 1,000’ MSL, 4,300’ separation above 1,000’ MSL

Precision Runway Monitor System(PRM)

No Precision Runway Monitor System(PRM)

Simultaneous Independent Dual Approach

NTZ

NTZ

NTZ

Dual parallel runways with 3,000 foot separation

One localizer offset 2.5 degrees

Precision Runway Monitor System (PRM) with 1.0 second update


Precision Runway Monitor System (PRM) with 2.4 second update


3,000

3,400

4,300

NTZ

NTZ

NTZ

NTZ

Simultaneous Independent Triple Approach

Triple parallel runways with 4,300 foot separations

Triple parallel runways with 5,000* foot separations

5,000*

4,300

4,300

4,300

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Runway GeometryLow Capacity High Capacity

Dual Parallel Runways with 1,200 Foot Separation


Intersecting Runways

• Dependent Departures• Dependent Arrivals/Departures• Dependent Arrivals

• Dependent Departures• Dependent Arrivals/Departures• Dependent Arrivals• Minimum Runway Separation for

Airplane Design Group V and VI (B-747,B-777, A380)

1,200’2,500’

• Independent Departures• Independent Arrivals/Departures• Dependent Arrivals

Triple Parallel Runways with 4,300 Foot Separation

Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) Runway Separation


4,300’

Potential of 3,600’

• Independent Departures• Independent Arrivals/Departures• Independent Arrivals



5,000’ - Recommended4,300’ - Minimum

5,000’8,800’

6,400’

– Runway Protection Zone (RPZ)

– Runway Safety Area (RSA)

– Object Free Area (OFA)

– Precision Obstacle Free Zone (POFZ)

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Imaginary Surfaces

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Runway Protection Zone (RPZ)

• Where practicable, the airport should own land within the RPZ

• Desirable to clear all objects

• Permissible uses only in the controlled activity area:

“farming, irrigation channels, airport service roads, underground facilities, NAVAIDS, auto parking”

• No auto parking, roadways, or rail lines in Central Portion of the RPZ

(OFA)

LENGTH

(L) FEET

INNER WIDTH

(W1) FEET

OUTER WIDTH

(W2) FEETRPZ ACRES

SMALL AIRCRAFT

EXCLUSIVELY1,000 250 450 8.035

AIRCRAFT APPROACH

CATEGORIES A & B1,000 500 700 13.77

AIRCRAFT APPROACH

CATEGORIES C & D1,700 500 1,010 29.465

NOT LOWER THAN

3/4 MILEALL AIRCRAFT 1,700 1,000 1,510 48.978

LOWER THAN

3/4 MILEALL AIRCRAFT 2,500 1,000 1,750 78.914

DIMENSIONS

VISUAL AND NOT LOWER

THAN 1-MILE

FACILITIES

EXPECTED TO

SERVE

APPROACH

VISIBILITY

MINIMUMS

Central Portion of RPZ

Controlled Activity Area

Controlled Activity Area

(RSA)

W1 W2

L200’

– NAVAID systems are visual and instrument-based.

– Pilots are responsible for interpreting and using such systems without ATC assistance

– ILS (Instrument Landing System)– CAT I-III

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Navigational Aids (NAVAIDs)



– VOR (Very High Frequency (VHF) Omni-Directional Range)

– DME (Distance Measuring Equipment)

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– NDB (Non-directional radio beacon)

– LLWAS (Low Level Windshear Alert System)

– Wind sock

– A runway equipped with NDB or VOR (or both) as the only navigation aid is called a non-precision approach runway; if it is equipped with ILS it is called a precision approach runway.

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Airport Diagram

– Runway dimensions, elevations, and gradient

– Position and identification of taxiways, ramps and parking areas

– Type of runway surfaces

– Closed runways/taxiways

– Location/identification of buildings, control tower, airport beacon, and other structures

– Location/elevation of obstructions

– Geographical coordinate grid

– Runway weight-bearing capacity

– Airport diagrams are not intended to be used for approach and landing or departure operations

https://www.faa.gov/airports/runway_safety/diagrams/

https://www.faa.gov/airports/runway_safety/diagrams/

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Airfield Signs, Markings and Lighting

–Holds Signs

–Location Signs

–Direction Signs

– Information Signs15

Airfield Signs and Markings

Black Square, You’re There

Yellow Array, Leads The Way

Noise Abatement

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– Runway Markings are

– Taxiway Markings are

– Three types of markings for runways

– Visual

– Nonprecisioninstrument

– Precision instrument

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Airfield Lighting

– Many different lighting combinations that may be located on some airports, especially where aircraft operations are conducted in lower visibility ranges.

– Runway edge and centerline lights - white

– Taxiway edge lights - blue

– Taxiway centerline lights - green

– Runway guard lights - yellow

– Rotating Beacon

Runway edge

lightsRunway

center line

lights

Runway

threshold

lights

– Needed to accommodate instrument approaches

– Can extend 1,400 to 2,600 feet from the runway threshold

– Approach Lighting System (ALS) with Sequenced Flashers II (ALSF-2)

Approach Lighting System (ALS)

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– FAA Part 139 Certification of Airports

– Airport Operating Certificates serve to ensure safety in air transportation

– Airfield movement areas– Condition of pavement– Markings– Lighting– Signs– Abutting shoulders– Safety areas– Wildlife

– Nightly inspections– Runway/taxiway and apron lighting and signage– Pavement markings– Airport beacon– Wind cone– Lighting– Obstruction lighting

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Airport Inspections

– Controlled

− Traffic is controlled by FAA

− Air Traffic Control Tower

(ATCT)

− Terminal Radar Approach

Control (TRACON)

− En-route Center (Center) –

22 across the U.S

– Uncontrolled− Pilots announce intensions

on common frequency (UNICOM)

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Air Traffic Control

–Flight Plan – 4 to 6 hours before flight

– Airline dispatcher checks– Weather

– Route

– Fuel

– Payload (passengers & cargo)

Airport System Example DEN to ORD

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–Flight Plan – 2 hours before flight– Pilot and Dispatcher agree to plan

– Flight Release


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–At gate

– Preflight– Captain boards aircraft

– 1st Officer does walk around

– Passengers board aircraft


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–Pushback from gate

– Pilots receive final weight and balances (may influence runway)

– Contacts Ramp Tower (not FAA)


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–Pushback from gate

– Pilots receive final weight and balances (may influence runway)

– Contacts Ramp Tower (not FAA)

– Listens to ATIS


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–Taxiing

– Contacts FAA Ground (stop short of movement area)

– Ground says Taxi to Runway 8 via taxiway…


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–Taxiing

– Contacts FAA Ground (stop short of movement area)

– Ground says Taxi to Runway 8 via taxiway…

– Contact tower on frequency…


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–Takeoff

– Towers says “Fly heading 090, Runway 8, clear for takeoff”

– Noise abatement procedure

– After takeoff contact Departure Control on frequency…


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Runway Hold Lines

–Climb

– Departure Control “Climb and maintain flight level 200 (20,000’), resume own navigation”

– Contact Center on frequency…(15 to 40 mi from airport)


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–Climb

– “climb and maintain flight level 370 ( 37,000’)”


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–Cruise

– Denver Center passes to Kansas City Center

– Kansas City Center (begins descent)


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–Descent

– Descend via BENKY 4 STAR

– Computer programed arrival

– Route into downwind leg

– Listen to ORD ATIS


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–Arrival

– Approach Control (Chicago TRACON)

– Runway Assignment (28C)

– RNAV procedure to downwind

– Vector heading into base and final approach


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–Arrival

– Contact ORD Tower on frequency…

– ORD Tower “Clear to land Runway 28C”


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–Arrival

– Exit when able

– Stay on frequency with tower until clear of active runways

– ATC Ground takes you to edge of movement area


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–Arrival

– Exit when able

– Stay on frequency with tower until clear of active runways

– ATC Ground takes you to edge of movement area


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–Arrival

– Contact Ramp Tower

– Gate Assignment

– Gate/Ramp Ops


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–Arrival

– Contact Ramp Tower

– Gate Assignment

– Gate/Ramp Ops


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Questions?

Ryan C. AndersonManaging Consultant

Landrum & BrownGlobal Aviation Planning & Development

[email protected] +1 312 972 1661

landrum-brown.com

https://www.landrum-brown.com/en/

airport 201 - boarddocs · imaginary surfaces. 9 runway protection zone (rpz) •where practicable,...

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